W Ww TW POST LAB1 ‘This experiment focuses on the measurements of mass, volume, temperature and density. Students weigh three coins, penny, nickel, and quarter, using an analytical balance to record ther results in grams and ‘milligrams. The quarter has a larger mass than a penny ora nickel. Volume measurements are performed using graduated cylinders, pipette, wooden blocks, and solids with irregular shapes. The volume of water is measured using a graduated cylinder, while the volume of tap water and tap water mixed with ice is measured using a thermometer. The temperature of regular tap water and tap ‘water with ice difers, and the Celsius scale measures temperature. | Density measurements are conducted on two distinct solids: three pennies and a wooden block. The density of the pennies is determined by dividing its mass by its volume, which fs equal to pi times the square ofits radius, ‘and height. The wooden block's density is calculated as 185 g/cm3. ‘Mass, volume, temperature, and density are the main physical properties of matter, which can be measured using various instruments and units, A balance measures mass in grams (q) volume in milliliters (mL), and ‘temperature in degrees Celsius 6). Density isthe ratio of mass to volume and is expressed in grams per ye: ‘ililiter (g/mL) or grams per centimeter cube (g/cm). Understanding the composition, structure, and behavior 42 of matter’s chemistry depends on these data. “A tA tL aA YY One slide 1,2,3 Page 1 of 3oa Ja The experiment focused on the distillation process, which involves heating a liquid to boiling point, evaporating, and condensing it back into aliquid. The temperature increased as the volume increased, reaching 76.8'C and a final boiling point of 100 ml. This process is commonly used to separate various solutes, including crude oil, alcohol, and perfumes. A fractionating column is used to separate chemicals with similar boiling points. Grade oi contains volatile molecules with similar melting temperatures, which pass through a condenser to cool the vapor. The resulting distillate is purified by temperature variations, resultingina purified liquid known as the distillate. The process is similar to the condensation mechanism in clouds, where water condenses into droplets. gn} BSS Os OPQ ts One slide 1,2,3 Page 2 of 3BY nan. Oo he reerystallization process involves a solvent-based method to separate. purify solid substances. The process involves weighing benzoic acid, adding distilled water, and heating the mixture. The crystals are then weighed and separated using filter paper. The water evaporates, and the erystals are dried using sunlight. The final weight of the dried filter paper erystal is 2.0007, andthe weight of the filter paper is minused to get 1.0125. The final computed data is 91%. Reerystallization is an efficient and practical purification technique that can be used to clean up various substances and purify compounds to high purity standards. tis relatively inexpensive and simple, and as science and technology advance, reerystallization will become more important in the production of novel > compounds, therapeuties, and scientific discoveries. OD a4 One slide 1,2,3 Page 3 0f 3