GCSE Mathematics Higher Tier Here is pretty much all the Higher Tier content we could fit onto

Here is pretty much all the Higher Tier content we could fit onto an A3 sheet of paper, including all the formulae you are
required to know for GCSE. An  points to an illustrative example. The codes refer to the DfE subject content. Pin this
Number Algebra Ratio, proportion and rates of change Geometry & measures Probability Statistics to a wall, keep it on your desk, carry it in your bag, make notes on it (sorry, don’t take it into the examination)…

Listing strategies N5 Laws of indices A4 Standard graphs A12 Iteration A20 Percentages: multipliers R9, R16
•
Product rule for counting: For any value a: You will be given the formula to use: Percentage increase or decrease; use
 𝟒 × 𝟑 × 𝟐 × 𝟏 = 𝟐𝟒 ways to 𝑎 𝑥 × 𝑎 𝑦 = 𝑎 𝑥+𝑦  Solve 𝒙𝟑 + 𝟔𝒙 + 𝟒 = 𝟎 by using a multiplier (powers for repetition)
arrange the letters P, I, X and L. 𝑎𝑥 the iteration 𝒙𝒏+𝟏 = 𝟑√𝟔𝒙𝒏 − 𝟒.  Initially there were 20 000 fish
= 𝑎 𝑥−𝑦
𝑎𝑦 in a lake. The number decreases by
Powers and roots N6, N7 Start with 𝒙𝟏 = −𝟐. 𝟖.
(𝑎 𝑥 )𝑦 = 𝑎 𝑥𝑦 15% each year. Estimate the
Special indices: for any value a: 𝟑 𝒙𝟐 = 𝟑√𝟔 × (−𝟐. 𝟖) − 𝟒 = −𝟐. 𝟕𝟓𝟎 … number of fish after 6 years.
𝟐𝒑𝒒𝟒 𝟖𝒑𝟑 𝒒𝟏𝟐 𝟖𝒒𝟗
𝑎0 = 1 ( ) = = or 𝟖𝒒𝟗 𝒑−𝟔 𝟑 𝟐𝟎 𝟎𝟎𝟎 × 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓𝟔 = 𝟕 𝟓𝟎𝟎 (2sf)
1 𝒑𝟑 𝒒 𝒑 𝟗 𝒒𝟑 𝒑𝟔 𝒙𝟑 = √𝟔 × (−𝟐. 𝟕𝟓𝟎 … ) − 𝟒 = ⋯
𝑎−𝑛 = 𝑛 1 Repeat until you know the solution, or
𝑎 𝑦 = 𝑥2 𝑦= 𝑥3 𝑦= 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 𝑦 = sin(𝑥°) 𝑦 = cos(𝑥°) 𝑦 = tan(𝑥°) Formula for compound interest
𝑝 Difference of two squares A4 𝑥 you do as many as the question says.
( )
𝑎𝑞
𝑞
= √𝑎𝑝 𝑟 𝑛
𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 = (𝑎 + 𝑏)(𝑎 − 𝑏) Total accrued = 𝑃 (1 + )
Quadratics A11, A18 Right angled triangles G20 100
𝟏 𝟏  𝒙𝟐 − 𝟐𝟓 = (𝒙 + 𝟓)(𝒙 − 𝟓)  I invest £600 at 3% compound
 𝟑−𝟒 = 𝟒= If a quadratic equation cannot be Pythagoras Theorem. Trigonometry. interest. What is my account worth
𝟑 𝟖𝟏 Rearrange a formula A5
factorised, use the formula Links all three sides. Links two sides and one angle.

opposite
c after 5 years?
𝟐 The subject of a formula is the term −𝑏 ± √𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐 No angles. SOH│CAH│TOA 𝟑 𝟓
 𝟖
( )
𝟑
𝟑
= √𝟖𝟐 = 4 on its own. Rearrange to 𝑥= 2
𝑎 +𝑏 =𝑐2 2 a £𝟔𝟎𝟎 × (𝟏 + ) = £𝟔𝟗𝟓. 𝟓𝟔
2𝑎 opp adj opp 𝟏𝟎𝟎
 Make 𝒙 the subject of sin𝜃 = cos𝜃 = tan𝜃 =
 Solve 𝟐𝒙𝟐 + 𝟑𝒙 − 𝟕 = 𝟎 hyp hyp θ
adj
Direct & inverse proportion R10
Surds N8 𝟐𝒙 + 𝒂𝒚 = 𝒚 − 𝒃𝒙
𝟐𝒙 + 𝒃𝒙 = 𝒚 − 𝒂𝒚 −𝟑−√𝟗−(−𝟓𝟔)
b Use “2ndF” or “SHIFT” key to find a missing angle adjacent
Look for the biggest square number 𝒙= = −𝟐. 𝟕𝟑 𝑦 is directly proportional to 𝑥:
𝒙(𝟐 + 𝒃) = 𝒚 − 𝒂𝒚 𝟐×𝟐 The longest side of any right angled triangle is the hypotenuse; check that your answer is consistent with this. 𝑦 = 𝑘𝑥 for a constant 𝑘
factor of the number: 𝒚 − 𝒂𝒚
 √𝟖𝟎 = √𝟏𝟔 × 𝟓 = 𝟒√𝟓 𝒙= or 𝒙 =
−𝟑+√𝟗−(−𝟓𝟔)
= 𝟏. 𝟐𝟑 Advanced trigonometry G21, G22  𝒃 is directly proportional to 𝒂𝟐 ;
𝟐+𝒃 𝟐×𝟐 a = 6 when 𝒃 = 90. Find 𝒃 if a = 8.
Rationalise the denominator N8 Sine Rule Special values of sin, cos, tan 𝑏 = 𝑘𝑎2 ; 𝑎 = 6 and 𝑏 = 90 for 𝑘;
Functions A7
Complete the square to find the 𝟗𝟎 = 𝒌 × 𝟔𝟐 𝐬𝐨 𝒌 = 𝟐. 𝟓, 𝒃 = 𝟐. 𝟓𝒂𝟐
Multiply the numerator and Use if you are given an angle-side pair Learn (or be able to find
Combining functions: turning point of a quadratic graph. B 𝒃 = 𝟐. 𝟓 × 𝟖𝟐 = 𝟏𝟔𝟎
denominator by an expression that 𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 without a calculator)…
𝑓𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑔(𝑥))  𝒚 = 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟔𝒙 + 𝟐 c Missing side: = = 𝑦 is inversely proportional to 𝑥:
makes the denominator an integer:
 If 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒙 + 𝟑 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝒈(𝒙) = 𝒙𝟐 𝒚 = (𝒙 − 𝟑)𝟐 − 𝟗 + 𝟐 sin𝐴 sin𝐵 sin𝐶
sin0° = 0, cos0° = 1, tan0° = 0
𝟒 𝟒 × √𝟕 𝟒√𝟕 A 𝑘
 = = 𝒇𝒈(𝒙) = 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟑 𝒚 = (𝒙 − 𝟑)𝟐 − 𝟕 𝑦𝑥 = 𝑘 or 𝑦 = for a constant 𝑘
𝟕 𝒈𝒇(𝒙) = (𝒙 + 𝟑)𝟐 Turning point is at (3 , −7) a sin𝐴 sin𝐵 sin𝐶 1 √3 1 𝑥
√𝟕 √𝟕 × √𝟕 Missing angle: = = sin30° = , cos30° = , tan30° =
b 𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 2 2 √3 Probability rules P8, P9
𝟐 Equation of a circle A16
 The inverse of 𝑓 is 𝑓 −1
𝟒 + √𝟓  If 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟓 then 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 𝑟 2 is a circle with centre 1 1 Multiply for independent events
C Cosine Rule sin45° = , cos45° = , tan45° = 1  P(6 on dice and H on coin)
𝒙−𝟓 (0 ,0) and radius 𝑟. √2 √2
𝟐 𝟒 − √𝟓 𝟐(𝟒 − √𝟓) 𝒇−𝟏 (𝒙) = Use if you can’t use the sine rule 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
= × = 𝟐  𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 = 𝟐𝟓 has centre A is opposite a × =
𝟒 − √𝟓 𝟒 − √𝟓 𝟏𝟏 (0 , 0) and radius 5. B is opposite b √3 1 𝟔 𝟐 𝟏𝟐
𝒚 = 𝐦𝒙 + 𝐜 A9 Missing side: 𝑎2 = 𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 − 2𝑏𝑐cos𝐴 sin60° = , cos60° = , tan60° = √3
C is opposite c 2 2 Add for mutually exclusive events
Standard form N9 Simultaneous equations A19  P(5 or 6 on dice)
Equation of straight line 𝑦 = m𝑥 + c 𝑏2 + 𝑐 2 − 𝑎2
Missing angle: cos𝐴 = sin90° = 1, cos90° = 0 𝟏 𝟏 𝟐
Standard form numbers are of the m is the gradient; c is the 𝑦 intercept: One linear, one quadratic; 2𝑏𝑐 + =
form 𝑎 × 10𝑛 , where 1 ≤ 𝑎 < 10 and  Find the equation of the line 𝒙 + 𝟑𝒚 = 𝟏𝟎 𝟔 𝟔 𝟔
 Solve { 𝟐 Circle theorems G10 Apply these rules to tree diagrams.
𝑛 is an integer. that joins (0 , 3) to (2 , 11) 𝒙 + 𝒚𝟐 = 𝟐𝟎
Find its gradient… Rearrange the linear, and substitute
Recurring decimals N10 𝟏𝟏 − 𝟑 𝟖 In general…
into the quadratic
= =𝟒 P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B) − P(A and B)
Make a recurring decimal a fraction: 𝟐−𝟎 𝟐 𝒙 = 𝟏𝟎 − 𝟑𝒚 𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 𝑒
 𝒏 = 𝟎. 𝟐𝟑̇𝟔̇ …and its y intercept… so (𝟏𝟎 − 𝟑𝒚)𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 = 𝟐𝟎 P(A and B) = P(A given B) × P(B)
𝑏
(two digits are in the recurring Passes through (0 , 3), so c = 3. Expand and solve the quadratic 2𝑎 Histograms S3
𝑑
pattern, so multiply by 100) Equation is 𝒚 = 𝟒𝒙 + 𝟑. 𝟏𝟎𝟎 − 𝟔𝟎𝒚 + 𝟗𝒚𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 = 𝟐𝟎 𝑒
𝟏𝟎𝟎𝒏 = 𝟐𝟑̇. 𝟔̇ 𝟏𝟎𝒚𝟐 − 𝟔𝟎𝒚 + 𝟖𝟎 = 𝟎 Frequency = frequency density
(this is the same as 23.63̇6̇) Parallel lines: gradients are equal; 𝒚 = 𝟐 𝐨𝐫 𝒚 = 𝟒 multiplied by class width. This means
𝟗𝟗𝒏 = 𝟐𝟑. 𝟔𝟑̇𝟔̇ − 𝟎. 𝟐𝟑̇𝟔̇ = 𝟐𝟑. 𝟒 perpendicular lines: gradients are Finally, substitute into the linear and Angle in a Angle at the centre Angles in the Opposite angles in a Alternate Tangent and that bars with the same frequency
𝟐𝟑. 𝟒 𝟐𝟑𝟒 𝟏𝟑 “negative reciprocals”. solve, pairing values… semicircle is 90° is double the angle same segment cyclic quadrilateral segment radius are have the same area.
𝒏= = =
𝟗𝟗 𝟗𝟗𝟎 𝟓𝟓  𝒚 = 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑 and 𝒚 = 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟓 are 𝒙 + 𝟑 × 𝟐 = 𝟏𝟎 𝐬𝐨 (𝒙 , 𝒚) = (4 , 2) at the circumference are equal total 180° theorem perpendicular

frequency density
parallel to each other; 𝒚 = 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑 𝒙 + 𝟑 × 𝟒 = 𝟏𝟎 𝐬𝐨 (𝒙 , 𝒚) = (−2 , 4)
Error intervals N15

smallest frequency
𝟏 Areas and volumes G16, G17, G18, G23
and 𝒚 = − 𝒙 + 𝟑 are perpendicular Sequences A24, A25
Find the range of numbers that will 𝟐 1
Circumference of circle = 𝜋 × 𝐷 Area of triangle = 𝑎𝑏sin𝐶 a
round to a given value: 𝑛th term of an arithmetic (linear) 2
Transformations of curves A13 Area of circle = 𝜋 × 𝑟 2 cone
 𝒙 = 𝟓. 𝟖𝟑 (2 decimal places) sequence is 𝑏𝑛 + 𝑐
𝟓. 𝟖𝟐𝟓 ≤ 𝒙 < 𝟓. 𝟖𝟑𝟓 Starting with the curve 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥):  n𝐭𝐡 term of 5,8,11,14,… is 3𝒏+2 equal areas;
 𝒚 = 𝟒𝟔 (2 significant figures) (always increases by 3; first term is h equal frequencies
0
Translate ( ) for 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) + 𝑎 θ a cross
𝟒𝟓. 𝟓 ≤ 𝒚 < 𝟒𝟔. 𝟓 𝟑 × 𝟏 + 𝟐 = 𝟓.) frustum
𝑎 section
Note use of ≤ and <, and that the last −𝑎 𝑛th term of a quadratic sequence is C b
Translate ( ) for 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥 + 𝑎) 𝜃 b Box plots S4
significant figure of each is 5. 0 𝑎𝑛2 + 𝑏𝑛 + 𝑐 Arc length = ×𝜋×𝐷 1
Area of trapezium = (𝑎 + 𝑏) × ℎ
Reflect in 𝑥 axis for 𝑦 = −𝑓(𝑥)  First three terms of 360° 2 Interquartile range (IQR) = UQ − LQ
Equations and identities A3 𝜃
Reflect 𝑦 axis for 𝑦 = 𝑓(−𝑥) 𝒏𝟐 + 𝟑𝒏 − 𝟏 are 3, 9, 17, … Area of sector = × 𝜋 × 𝑟2 Volume of prism = area of cross section × length Volume of cone = 𝜋𝑟 2 ℎ
1
An equation is true for some Geometric sequence; multiply each 360° 3
Velocity - time graph A15 Volume of frustum is difference between the volumes of two cones
particular value of 𝑥… term by a constant ratio
 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟏 = 𝟕 𝐢𝐬 𝐭𝐫𝐮𝐞 𝐢𝐟 𝒙 = 𝟑 Gradient = acceleration (you may  3, 6, 12, 24, … (ratio is 2)

minimum

maximum
median
(LQ)
lower quartile

upper quartile
(UQ)
Transformations G7, G8 Similar shapes G19
…but an identity is true for every need to draw a tangent to the curve at Fibonacci sequence; make the next
value of 𝑥 a point to find the gradient); term by adding the previous two … Reflection Rotation Enlargement Ratios in similar shapes and solids:
 (𝒙 + 𝒂)𝟐 ≡ 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟐𝒂𝒙 + 𝒂𝟐 Area under curve = distance travelled.  2, 4, 6, 10, 16, 26, 42, … • Line of reflection • Centre of rotation • Centre of enlargement • Length/perimeter 1: 𝑛 𝑎: 𝑏
(note the use of the symbol ≡) Translation • Angle of rotation • Scale factor (if −1 < SF < 1 • Area 1: 𝑛2 𝑎2: 𝑏2
• Vector • Clockwise or anticlockwise the shape will get smaller). • Volume 1: 𝑛3 𝑎3: 𝑏3