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  • Ib HL 5.1.u4

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    jessie Lee
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    This document discusses homologous and analogous structures through examples of comparative anatomy. It defines homologous structures as those that evolved from a common ancestor but may have different functions, like the pentadactyl limb found in mammals, birds, reptiles and amphibians. It also defines analogous structures as those with similar functions but different evolutionary origins. The document provides objectives about contrasting homologous and analogous structures, convergent evolution and adaptive radiation. It states that comparative anatomy can show structural similarities implying common ancestry and provides an example comparing pentadactyl limb structures across animals and how their differences relate to locomotion functions.

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    IB HL 5.1.U4

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    This document discusses homologous and analogous structures through examples of comparative anatomy. It defines homologous structures as those that evolved from a common ancestor but may have different functions, like the pentadactyl limb found in mammals, birds, reptiles and amphibians. It also defines analogous structures as those with similar functions but different evolutionary origins. The document provides objectives about contrasting homologous and analogous structures, convergent evolution and adaptive radiation. It states that comparative anatomy can show structural similarities implying common ancestry and provides an example comparing pentadactyl limb structures across animals and how their differences relate to locomotion functions.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pdf or txt
    6 views1 page

    Ib HL 5.1.u4

    Uploaded by

    jessie Lee
    This document discusses homologous and analogous structures through examples of comparative anatomy. It defines homologous structures as those that evolved from a common ancestor but may have different functions, like the pentadactyl limb found in mammals, birds, reptiles and amphibians. It also defines analogous structures as those with similar functions but different evolutionary origins. The document provides objectives about contrasting homologous and analogous structures, convergent evolution and adaptive radiation. It states that comparative anatomy can show structural similarities implying common ancestry and provides an example comparing pentadactyl limb structures across animals and how their differences relate to locomotion functions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 1

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    5.1 Comparative Anatomy !"#$%&'%()*%+",-%."/0

    Understanding: !"#$%&'%1'%,!%23%,4%()*
    5.1.U4 : Evolution of homologous structures by adaptive radiation explains similarities in 05,60-#0%7'3
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    structure when there are di"erences in function.

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    Objective: ​ 05,60-#0%7'3
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    Contrast analogous structures and homologous structures.
    Contrast convergent evolution and adaptive radiation.
    State an example of analogous structures.
    State an example of homologous structures.
    Define vestigial structure.
    State an example of a vestigial structure.

    Comparative anatomy of groups of organisms may show certain structural features that are similar, implying common
    ancestry​

    Application:
    5.1.A1: Comparison of the pentadactyl limb of mammals, birds, amphibians, and reptiles with di"erent methods of
    locomotion.

    Objectives:
    Define pentadactyl limb.
    List the bone structures present in the pentadactyl limb.
    Identify pentadactyl limb structures in diagrams of amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals.
    Relate di"erences in pentadactyl limb structures to di"erences in limb function.

    A classical example of homologous structures is the pentadactyl limb in a variety of di"erent animals
    Mammals, birds, amphibians and reptiles all share a similar arrangement of bones in their appendages based on
    a five-digit limb

    Despite possessing similar bone arrangements, animal limbs may be highly dissimilar according to the mode of
    locomotion:
    Human hands are adapted for tool manipulation (power vs precision grip)
    Bird and bat wings are adapted for flying
    Horse hooves are adapted for galloping
    Whale and dolphin fins are adapted for swimming

    Comparison of Pentactdyle Limbs

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