Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University

Trishal, Mymensingh

Assignment On: Determination of Physiochemical Analysis

of Roadside Wastewater Pond
Course Name: Waste and Wastewater Treatment Lab
Course Code: ESE-3202

Submitted to: Submitted by:

MD. Alim Miah Sharif Hossain
Roll: 18103442
Assistant Professor 3 Year, 2nd Semester
rd

Dept. of Environmental Science and Session: 2017-18

Engineering, Dept. of Environmental Science and
Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University Engineering,
Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University

Date of Submission: 09.07.2023

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Abstract:
The analysis of physiochemical parameters offers valuable insights into the quality of wastewater
and the extent of contamination within a pond. These findings play a crucial role in identifying
potential risks to human health and the environment associated with the pond, as well as in
developing effective management strategies to mitigate such risks.
This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the analysis of physiochemical parameters and
their implications for the condition of a roadside wastewater pond.

Keywords: Physiochemical, Wastewater, Multiparameter, Parameters, COD

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 Contents
Chapters Name of Content Page
No
I. Introduction 03
 Background of study
 Objectives of Study
 Significance of Study
II. Materials and Methodology 04
Study area description 05
Water sample collection 06
06
Physiochemical analyses and procedures
III. Result & Discussion 07
IV. Conclusion 09
V. Recommendations 09
VI. References 10
VII. Appendix 11

List of Figures
Figure No Name of Figures Page No
1 Sample Collection area 06

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 Determination of Physiochemical Analysis of Roadside
Wastewater Pond
Chapter-I
Introduction
The physiochemical parameters analysis of wastewater ponds includes the measurement of
various physical and chemical properties of the water samples collected from the pond. These
parameters include pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD),
chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS),
nutrients, heavy metals, and other contaminants.

Background of Study
This study is the determination of physiochemical parameters by analysing roadside wastewater
pond. The report is done by observation that is made in the laboratory as we analysed the
wastewater sample. In this paper, we are discussing about the Water quality of Roadside
wastewater pond. The results of the analysis are then compiled into a report that summarizes the
findings and provides recommendations for managing the pond.

Objectives of Study
1. Physiochemical Parameter Analysis
2. Wastewater Quality Test
3. Development of laboratory skill
4. Development of analytical skill

Significance of Study
In this paper, we will be analysing physiochemical parameters present in the study areas.
Physiochemical analysis is a fundamental tool for classifying unconsolidated materials and
contaminants. Test analysis evaluates the various physical and chemical parameters, which have
been identified as key component that contributes in water.
This work attempts to determine and understand the physiochemical parameters by analysing
wastewater from pond.

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 Chapter-II
Materials and Methodology
Physiochemical parameters analysis of wastewater ponds is conducted by trained professionals
using specialized equipment and laboratory techniques. The analysis involves collecting water
samples from the pond, preserving the samples, and transporting them to a laboratory for testing.

Instrument used
Google Earth Pro: Google Earth Pro was used to obtain
coordinates of each location where the samples collected

ArcGIS: ArcGIS version 10.8 is a geographic information

system (GIS) software package maintained by the
Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI). In this
study, this application is used to make study area map.

HI98194 Multiparameter Waterproof meter: The

HI98194 Multiparameter Waterproof meter is a high-
performance, handheld instrument used for measuring
multiple water quality parameters in various applications,
such as environmental monitoring, water treatment,
aquaculture, and more. The HI98194 meter is capable of
measuring up to 12 parameters, including pH, ORP
(Oxidation-Reduction Potential), dissolved oxygen,
conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), salinity, seawater
specific gravity, resistivity, temperature, ammonium,
nitrate, and chloride. The meter features a large, easy-to-
read backlit display that shows multiple parameters
simultaneously, making it easy to read and interpret results.
The HI98194 meter comes with a range of accessories,
including a pH/ORP electrode, a dissolved oxygen
electrode, a conductivity/TDS probe, and a temperature
sensor, as well as a rugged carrying case for safe transport
and storage
Microsoft Excel: I used Microsoft Excel to interpret the
data and created suitable graphs

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Study Area Description
The Water sample collected for this study are located in Trishal. Trishal is a Pourashava located
in the core of Trishal Upazila under Mymensingh District. Dhaka-Mymensingh highway passes
through the heart of the Pourashava. It has geographical extent of 90°22´-90°26´E and 24°33´-
24°35´N. The water samples are collected from two separate roadside ponds near Chairmanbari,
Chorpara in Trishal.
The Samples are collected and labeled by SAMPLE- I, SAMPLE-II located within the
geographical coordinates given in the table- I below:
Sample Collection Points Latitude Longitude
SAMPLE-I 24°34'54.48"N 90°23'9.58"E
SAMPLE-II 24°34'54.09"N 90°23'12.48"E

Figure 1: Sample Collection area

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Water Sample Collection
Water samples were collected from two different points at each study site. From each sampling
point, water samples were collected in sample bottles prewashed and rinsed thoroughly with
distilled water. The samples were then transported to the Laboratory at the Department of
Environmental Science and Engineering, JKKNIU for analysis. All samples were kept
refrigerated at 5ºC and processed within 24 hours of collection. Sampling was done in March
2023.

Physiochemical Analyses and procedures

All equipment and meters for the on-site measurements were calibrated and checked according
to the manufacturer’s instruction. Temperature (T), pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total
dissolved solids (TDS), and dissolved oxygen (DO) were measured using a Hanna multi-
parameter probe HI 98194. To use the meter:
1. Install Batteries: Install the batteries into the battery compartment located on the back of
the meter. Ensure that the batteries are inserted correctly according to the polarity
symbols marked on the battery compartment.
2. Prepare Electrodes: Connect the desired probes or electrodes to the meter's appropriate
input jacks. Ensure that the electrodes are properly connected and secured to the meter.
3. Calibration: Before taking any measurements, the meter must be calibrated using the
appropriate standards or solutions. Follow the calibration procedures for each parameter
as outlined in the meter's user manual.
4. Measurement: Once the meter is calibrated, immerse the electrodes or probes into the
water sample being tested. Allow sufficient time for the measurement to stabilize before
recording the readings.
5. Data Logging: If required, you can log data by pressing the 'Log' button on the meter.
The meter will automatically log readings with time and date stamps. To retrieve the
logged data, connect the meter to a computer or a printer via USB or Bluetooth.
6. Maintenance: After use, rinse the electrodes and probes with distilled water to remove
any contaminants. Store the meter and its accessories in the provided carrying case in a
dry and safe location.
Once the samples are in the laboratory, they are analyzed for various physiochemical parameters
using standard methods and protocols. The results of the analysis are then compiled into a report
that summarizes the findings and provides recommendations for managing the pond.

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 Chapter- III

Result and Discussion

pH: pH is one of the important biotic factors that serves as an index for pollution. The factors
like photosynthetic exposure to air, disposal of industrial water and domestic sewage affects pH.
The wide narration in the pH value of effluent can affect the rate of biological reaction and
survival of various microorganisms. The presence or absence of various ionic species can have
direct relation with pH of the effluent. Subsequently such effluent can influence the quality of
soil when the effluent is directly exposed to the soil. It is therefore necessary to evaluate effluent
with respect to the pH value
Oxidation-reduction potential: Oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), also known as redox
potential, is a measure of the tendency of a chemical species to acquire or lose electrons and
undergo oxidation or reduction reactions. The ORP of a system is determined by the presence
and concentration of oxidizing and reducing agents.
Electrical conductivity: Electrical conductivity is a measure of a material's ability to conduct
electric current. It is a fundamental property of materials and is determined by the presence and
mobility of charged particles, such as electrons or ions, within the material.
Resistivity: The resistivity of water can vary depending on its purity and temperature. Pure
water, devoid of any dissolved ions or impurities, is actually a poor conductor of electricity.
However, in real-world scenarios, water usually contains dissolved substances that can increase
its electrical conductivity.
TDS: TDS stands for Total Dissolved Solids. It is a measure of the combined content of all
inorganic and organic substances dissolved in water. TDS is typically reported in units of
milligrams per liter (mg/L) or parts per million (ppm).
Salinity: Salinity refers to the concentration of dissolved salts, predominantly sodium chloride
(NaCl), in a body of water. It is typically expressed in parts per thousand (ppt) or as a
percentage. Salinity is an important parameter used to describe the saltiness or brackishness of
water bodies
Temperature: the temperature of water bodies tends to be influenced by solar radiation, air
temperature, and the mixing of different water masses
Atmospheric Pressure: Atmospheric pressure refers to the force exerted by the Earth's
atmosphere on objects at the Earth's surface. It is caused by the weight of the air above a
particular point. When it comes to water bodies, they are influenced by atmospheric pressure
indirectly through the air pressure above the water surface.

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Table- II: Water Quality Parameters compared to Bangladesh Standards

Table- II: Physiochemical analysis of samples obtained from the two study sites.

From above Physio-chemical data we can say those pond waters are contaminated. Contaminated
roadside wastewater pond refers to a pond that has been negatively impacted by the presence of
pollutants, substances, or contaminants that exceed acceptable levels, thereby compromising the
water quality and potentially posing risks to the environment and human health. Contamination
can occur due to various factors, including urban runoff, industrial discharges, improper waste
disposal, or accidental spills.

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 Chapter- IV

Conclusion
Physiochemical parameters analysis is an important tool for assessing the quality of wastewater
ponds and identifying potential health and environmental risks associated with them. The results
of the analysis can be used to develop appropriate management strategies to mitigate these risks
and protect public health and the environment. The findings underscore the need for continuous
pollution monitoring and intervention strategies to curb indiscriminate pollution of environments
by the continuous release of inadequately treated effluents in the roadside ponds.

Recommendations
 Source Control and Pollution Prevention: Implement best management practices (BMPs)
to reduce pollutant inputs into the pond. Promote proper waste disposal and recycling
practices to prevent contaminants from entering the pond through stormwater runoff.
Implement erosion control measures, such as vegetative buffers or sediment barriers, to
reduce sedimentation and associated pollutants.
 Enhanced Stormwater Management: Develop and implement effective stormwater
management systems to minimize the volume and velocity of runoff entering the pond.
Incorporate green infrastructure techniques, such as bio-retention basins, permeable
pavement, and rain gardens, to promote natural filtration and pollutant removal. Install
sedimentation basins or settling ponds upstream of the roadside wastewater pond to
capture and remove sediment and associated pollutants before they reach the pond.
 Vegetation and Wetland Restoration: Establish or enhance vegetation, such as wetland
plants or grasses, around the pond's edges to promote natural filtration and nutrient
uptake. Create or restore wetland areas within the pond to enhance pollutant removal
through biological processes and improve water quality.
 Regular Monitoring and Maintenance: Implement a routine monitoring program to assess
water quality parameters and identify any emerging pollutants or contamination trends.
Conduct regular inspections and maintenance of the pond, including sediment removal,
vegetation management, and infrastructure maintenance, to ensure proper functioning and
pollutant removal efficiency.
 Water Treatment Technologies: Consider implementing appropriate water treatment
technologies to remove contaminants, such as activated carbon filtration, ultraviolet (UV)
disinfection, or advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). Evaluate the feasibility of
constructed wetlands, which can provide natural treatment and enhance pollutant removal
capacity.

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 7. References
1. B. M. Francis,Toxic substances in the Environment(John Wiley and Sons. Inc. NewYork;
1994).
2. F. Ahmed, M. A. Aziz, M. J. Alam, M.A. Hakim, M.A.S. Khan, M. A. Rahman, Impact on
Aquatic Environment for Water Pollution in the Vahirab River,THE IJES, 4, 2015, 56-62.
3. H. M. Rasel, M.R. Hasan, B. Ahmed, M.S.U. Miah, Investigation of soil and water salinity,
its effect on crop production and adaptation strategy, International Journal of Water
Resources and Environmental Engineering, 5(8), 2013, 475-481.
4. G. Allen Burton, Jr. E. Robert, Pitt. Storm water Effects Handbook: A Tool book for
Watershed managers, Scientists and Engineer (NewYork: CRC/Lewis Publishers, ISBN 0-
87371-924-7;
5. Md. Simul Bhuyan, Md. Shafiqul Islam, A Critical Review of Heavy Metal Pollution and Its
Effects in Bangladesh,Environmental and Energy Economics, 2(1), 2017, 12-25.
6. M. B. Arain, Tasneem Gul Kazi, Muhammad K khan Jamali, Hasan Imran Afridi, Jameel
7. Ahmad Baig, Nusrat Jalbani, Abdul Qadir Shah, Evaluation of Physico-chemical Parameters
of Manchar Lake Water and Their Comparison with Other Global Published Value,Pak. J.
Anal. Environ. Chem., 9(2), 2008, 101-109

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Appendix

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