Williams Basic Nutrition and Diet Therapy 15th Edition Nix Test Bank

Williams Basic Nutrition And Diet
Therapy 15th Edition Nix Test Bank

Visit to download the full and correct content document: https://testbankdeal.com/dow
nload/williams-basic-nutrition-and-diet-therapy-15th-edition-nix-test-bank/
Chapter 10: Nutrition during Pregnancy and Lactation
Nix: Williams' Basic Nutrition and Diet Therapy, 15th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Nutritional needs during pregnancy are affected by

a. the mother’s age.
b. the sex of the infant.
c. the mother’s food cravings.
d. whether the mother works.
ANS: A
Nutritional needs during pregnancy are affected by the mother’s age along with height and
prepregnancy weight.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 148 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation | NCLEX: Health Promotion and
Maintenance
2. A pregnant woman’s energy needs must be met in order to

a. spare vitamins.
b. spare adipose stores.
c. prevent fetal deformity.
d. spare protein.
ANS: D
Adequate energy is necessary to spare protein. If inadequate kilocalories from energy are
provided, then protein will be used for energy. Protein increase is approximately 50% more
than the average adult requirement.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 147 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
Maintenance
3. Daily kilocalorie needs during the second trimester exceed normal requirements by
approximately
a. 100 kcal.
b. 200 kcal.
c. 340 kcal.
d. 500 kcal.
ANS: C
The national standard recommends an increase of 340 kcal/day during the second trimester
and 452 kcal/day during the third trimester of pregnancy.
Maintenance
4. The amount of extra protein required by pregnant women compared with nonpregnant women
is approximately
a. 10 g/day.
b. 15 g/day.
c. 25 g/day.
d. 30 g/day.
ANS: C
Protein intake should increase 25 g/day during pregnancy in addition to nonpregnancy needs.
This increase is approximately 50% more than the average adult requirement.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: pp. 148-149

TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
Maintenance
5. Increased protein is necessary in pregnancy for

a. preventing gestational diabetes.
b. sparing carbohydrates for energy needs.
c. growing maternal tissues.
d. preventing pregnancy-induced hypertension.
ANS: C
Increased protein is necessary in pregnancy for rapid growth of the fetus, development of the
placenta, growth of maternal tissues, increased maternal blood volume, and amniotic fluid.
Maintenance
6. A good source of calcium during pregnancy is

a. orange juice drink.
b. lean ground beef.
c. milk.
d. baked beans.
ANS: C
Calcium is essential for fetal development of bones and teeth as well as for the mother’s own
body needs. Milk, milk-substitute products, generous amounts of green vegetables, and
enriched or whole grains are good sources of calcium.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: pp. 149-150 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
Maintenance
7. A good source of iron during pregnancy would be

a. watermelon.
b. orange juice.
c. macaroni and cheese.
d. lean ground beef.
ANS: D
Iron is distributed primarily in meat, eggs, vegetables, and fortified cereals.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 150

TOP: Nursing Process: Application
Maintenance
8. Iron needs increase during pregnancy because of

a. maternal constipation.
b. an increased maternal blood volume.
c. an increased maternal metabolic rate.
d. poor iron absorption during pregnancy.
ANS: B
Iron needs are increased during pregnancy for increased hemoglobin synthesis required for the
greater maternal blood volume as well as for the baby’s necessary prenatal storage of iron.
Maintenance
9. Adequate folate in the periconceptional period helps prevent

a. cretinism.
b. mental retardation.
c. neural tube defects.
d. gestational diabetes.
ANS: C
Folate builds mature red blood cells throughout pregnancy and is particularly needed during
the early periconceptional period to ensure healthy embryonic tissue development and prevent
malformation of the neural tube.
Maintenance
10. Several vitamins are required in greater amounts during pregnancy because
a. fetal demands for the vitamins are high.
b. more hemoglobin is synthesized.
c. the vitamins are excreted in greater quantities.
d. metabolic activities increase.
ANS: D
Most vitamins are needed in increased amounts because of their vital role as coenzyme factors
in energy production and protein metabolism.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 150 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
Maintenance
11. A pregnant vegetarian can help prevent development of iron-deficiency anemia by consuming
foods high in
a. vitamin C.
b. vitamin D.
c. folate.
d. protein.
ANS: A
Vitamin C enhances absorption of nonheme iron and so prevents development of iron
deficiency anemia in vegetarian pregnant women who rely on plant (nonheme) sources of
iron.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: pp. 176-177 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
Maintenance
12. Drinking three to four cups of milk a day during pregnancy is recommended because milk is a
good source of
a. folate.
b. iron.
c. vitamin D.
d. vitamin C.
ANS: C
Milk is a good source of vitamin D along with calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium for fetal
development of bones and teeth as well as for the mother’s own bodily needs.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 151

TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation
Maintenance
13. Appropriate snack choices for a pregnant woman with morning sickness may include
a. a meal of hot soup and Gatorade.
b. lemonade with added sugar and peppermint sticks.
c. a glass of hot, decaffeinated tea.
d. whole-wheat toast with a small amount of light butter and a small piece of fruit.
ANS: D
Small, frequent meals and snacks that are fairly dry and consist of easily digested energy
foods (e.g., carbohydrates), in addition to mainly cold foods and liquids between meals, are
recommended for women with morning sickness.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: pp. 152-153

Maintenance
14. A condition of severe, prolonged, and persistent vomiting during pregnancy is called
a. hyperemesis gravidarum.
b. placenta previa.
c. gestational diabetes.
d. preeclampsia.
ANS: A
Hyperemesis gravidarum is morning sickness in early pregnancy that progresses from a mild
state to a severe and prolonged state requiring medical treatment.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 153 TOP: Nursing Process: Diagnosis
Maintenance
15. What is a food choice to help alleviate constipation during pregnancy?

a. Figs
b. Chocolate
c. White bread
d. Saltines
ANS: A
Helpful remedies for constipation include high-fiber foods such as whole grains, vegetables,
dried fruits, and other fruits and juices.

Maintenance
16. An acceptable ending pregnancy weight for a woman whose prepregnancy weight is 125 lb is
a. 130 to 135 lb.
b. 135 to 145 lb.
c. 145 to 150 lb.
d. 150 to 160 lb.
ANS: D
Weight gain for a normal-sized woman with a body mass index of 18.5 to 24.9 is 25 to 35 lb.
Thus 125 lb + 25 to 35 lb = 150 lb to 160 lb.

Maintenance
17. Total weight gain during the first trimester should be approximately _____ lbs.
a. 1 to 2
b. 2 to 4
c. 6 to 10
d. 10 to 15
ANS: B
Recommended weight gain in the first trimester of pregnancy is approximately 2 lb to 4 lb.
Maintenance
18. A pregnancy is considered high risk if the mother

a. is 16 years old.
b. is vegetarian.
c. works full time.
d. exercises four or five times per week.
ANS: A
Nutritional risk factors at the onset of pregnancy include age 18 years or younger or 35 years
or older; frequent pregnancies; poor obstetric history or poor fetal performance; poverty;
bizarre or trendy food habits; abuse of nicotine, alcohol, or drugs; chronic disease with
therapeutic diet; and weight less than 85% or more than 120% of normal.

MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
19. A pregnant adolescent is at risk because she

a. does not know how to care for herself.
b. has not established good eating habits.
c. is still in a growth stage of development.
d. will not know about the pregnancy until after the fetal organs have formed.
ANS: C
A pregnant adolescent is at risk because adolescence itself is a stage of growth. The
physiologic demands of the pregnancy can compromise the teenager’s needs for her own
unfinished growth and development.

20. A very overweight pregnant woman older than 30 years of age is at high risk for
a. anemia.
b. gestational diabetes.
c. edema.
d. phenylketonuria.
ANS: B
Risk factors for women who are more than 120% of standard weight or who have a body mass
index of more than 26 include gestational diabetes. During pregnancy, there is an increased
metabolic workload along with an increased volume of blood and its load of metabolites,
including glucose.

21. During pregnancy, women should be encouraged not to

a. exercise.
b. have sexual intercourse.
c. drink alcoholic beverages.
d. drink decaffeinated coffee.
ANS: C
The ingestion of alcohol, nicotine, and recreational or other drugs can cause fetal damage and
is contraindicated during pregnancy. Extensive, habitual use of alcohol leads to the
well-documented fetal alcohol syndrome.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: pp. 154-155
Maintenance
22. The most common cause of anemia during pregnancy is

a. folic acid deficiency.
b. lack of intrinsic factor.
c. iron deficiency.
d. vitamin C deficiency.
ANS: C
Iron-deficiency anemia is most common during pregnancy.
23. The best source of folate is

a. fruit juices.
b. green, leafy vegetables.
c. whole grains.
d. citrus fruits.
ANS: B
Folate is found in food sources such as green, leafy vegetables; legumes; yeast; chicken; beef;
and liver.

Maintenance
24. The finding of glycosuria during a routine laboratory test may suggest that the woman has
a. anemia.
b. gestational diabetes.
c. phenylketonuria.
d. hypertension.
ANS: B
Gestational diabetes presents with glycosuria or sugar spilling over into the urine. Other
predisposing factors include age 30 years and older, those who are overweight and have a
history of previously unexplained stillbirths, delivery of large babies weighing 9 lb or more,
habitual spontaneous abortions, births of babies with multiple congenital defects, and a family
history of diabetes or ethnicity associated with a high incidence of diabetes.

25. High blood pressure and the accumulation of protein in the urine may be signs of
a. preeclampsia.
b. hyperemesis.
c. alcoholism.
d. gestational diabetes.
ANS: A
High blood pressure can be fatal to the mother and fetus. If symptoms progress with the
accumulation of proteinuria, the condition is referred to as preeclampsia.

Maintenance
26. Three important factors that support adequate lactation are

a. diet, exercise, and vitamin supplements.
b. intake of dairy products, fluids, and rest.
c. diet, fluids, rest and relaxation.
d. intake of bland foods and adequate fluids.
ANS: C
Successful lactation requires an adequate diet, including energy and nutrients for both the
process and product; adequate fluid for adequate milk production; and rest and relaxation to
enhance the production and letdown reflexes of breast-feeding.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: pp. 158-159 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
Maintenance
27. Nutrition counselors should encourage pregnant teenagers to

a. avoid fast food.
b. eat foods from all the basic food groups.
c. drink fat-free (skim) rather than whole milk.
d. eat foods high in dietary fiber.
ANS: B
Pregnant teens should consume foods from all five basic foods groups to support fetal
development as well as their own growth and development needs.

Maintenance
28. Advantages of breast-feeding for the mother include

a. less fluid retention.
b. rapid weight loss.
c. fewer maternal infections.
d. convenience and economy.
ANS: D
The advantages of breast-feeding include benefits to both mother and baby such as human
breast milk’s ability to meet the unique needs of the infant and the convenience and economy
for the mother.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: pp. 158-159 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
Maintenance
29. During pregnancy, a 132-pound woman should limit her intake of caffeine to
a. 0 mg per day.
b. 100 mg per day.
c. 300 mg per day.
d. her individual tolerance.
ANS: C
During pregnancy, caffeine intake should be limited. The overall conclusion is that moderate
amounts of caffeine (5 mg/kg to 6 mg/kg/day) throughout the day do not have negative effects
on reproduction or fetal health. Thus 60 kg (132 lb)  5 = 300 mg of caffeine/day.

Maintenance
30. The amount of breast milk that most women produce

a. is governed by supply and demand.
b. increases as lactation continues.
c. is affected by maternal age.
d. is related to maternal milk intake.
ANS: A
Milk production is stimulated by the infant feeding; therefore, the supply matches the demand.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: pp. 158-159

Maintenance

Williams Basic Nutrition and Diet Therapy 15th Edition Nix Test Bank

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Williams Basic Nutrition and Diet Therapy 15th Edition Nix Test Bank

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Williams Basic Nutrition And Diet

Therapy 15th Edition Nix Test Bank

1. Nutritional needs during pregnancy are affected by

2. A pregnant woman’s energy needs must be met in order to

DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: pp. 148-149

5. Increased protein is necessary in pregnancy for

6. A good source of calcium during pregnancy is

7. A good source of iron during pregnancy would be

DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 150

8. Iron needs increase during pregnancy because of

9. Adequate folate in the periconceptional period helps prevent

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 151

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: pp. 152-153

15. What is a food choice to help alleviate constipation during pregnancy?

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 153

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 152

18. A pregnancy is considered high risk if the mother

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 154

19. A pregnant adolescent is at risk because she

DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 154

DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 154

21. During pregnancy, women should be encouraged not to

22. The most common cause of anemia during pregnancy is

23. The best source of folate is

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 150

DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 158

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 157

26. Three important factors that support adequate lactation are

27. Nutrition counselors should encourage pregnant teenagers to

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 154

28. Advantages of breast-feeding for the mother include

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 156

30. The amount of breast milk that most women produce

DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: pp. 158-159

You might also like