perimeut No S

86
Chemistry Practical.
(olowl
Experiment No. 5
Exercise: Analyse the given salt no. ...
for one acid and one basiC radira
Observations Inference
Experiment
No.
Tests for Acid Radicals
Dilute acid group is
To a pinch of salt + dil H:SO No reaction
absent
To a pinch of salt + conc. Colourless pungent Conc. acid groups
H:SO4 heat it. smelling gas evolved present

Bring a glass rod dipped in White fumes formed May be CI

NHOH near the mouth of
test tube
Confirmatory Test-
Chromyl Chloride test
5. Take salt + solid KCr:07+ Dark red coloured gas
conc. H2SO4 in dry test tube with pungent smell
and héat evolved
Pass the red coloured gas in Solution becomes yellow
NaOH solution
To the yellow solution add yellow ppt is formed CI confirmed
CH COOH +(CH,CO), Pb
4. Silver Nitrate test
Sodium carbonate extract + White ppt formed
CI confirmed
dil HNO + AgNOs solution.
Add excess of NH.OH in the PPt is soluble
Cl confirmed
Ppt
Test for Basic Radical
To a pinch of salt add NaOH Smell of NH Zero group present may
and heat
be NH4
Confirmatory Test
2. Bring a glass rod dipped in White fumes formed
NH confirmed
HCl near the mouth of test
tube
3. Bring a piece of filter paper Filter paper turns reddish
moistened with Nesslar's brown NH confirmed
Reagent near the mouth of the
test tube
Bring a piece of filter paper Filter paper turns
moistened with CuSO deep NH confirmed.
blue
solution near the mouth of
test tube
Result: Chloride (CI) as acid radical and
Ammonium (NH,) as
radicals
basic ra
present in the given salt no .
 84
Expeimed no-6
Chemistry Practical-XAL
Colouoles
Experiment No. 3
Exercise - Identify one acid and basic radical from the
one
given salt no, .

S.
No.
Experiment Observations Inference
Tests for Acid Radicals
1. A pinch of salt + dil. H:SO4
Colourless gas witha Dilute acid groupb is
smell of burningS is
present nmay be SO
evolved
Confirmatory Test
2 Bring a piece of filter paper Filter paper turns
dipped in acidified K:Cr:07 green SOconfirmed
solution near the mouth of
the test tube
or

Sodium carbonate extract + Green colouration

dilute H:SO4 + a drop of SO confirmed
K:Cr07solution
Tests for Basic Radical
(1) A pinch of salt + NaOH sol. Smell of NH Zero group
Heat present may
be NH
(2) Bring a glass rod dipped in
White fumes
HCI, near the mouth of the
are formed NH confirmed
test tube
(3) Bring a piece of filter paper Filter paper turns reddish
dipped in Nessler's Reagent brown NH confirmed
near the mouth of the test
tube
(4) Bring a piece of filter
paper Filter paper turns
dipped in CuSO4 solution deep NH confirmed
blue
near the mouth of the test

tube

Result The given salt no. contains sulphite (SO;) Ammonium NH:
...

radicals. and
 Expemeut No.
Chemistry Practical-Xu
88

(olowl Experiment No. z |

basic radical from the given mixture No

Exercise Identify one acid and one

Observations Inference
S. Experiment
No.
Tests for Acid Radicals
No reaction Dilute acid group is
Mix +dil. HSO4. Heat
absent
Brown coloured gas with Conc. acidgroup present
2 Mix +conc. H:SO4. Heat
NOr
bungentsmell evolved may be Br or

May be NO:, Br absent

3. Add some Cu tuming to the Brown gas becomes
test tube dense
Confirmatory Test
A brown ring is formed NO3 confirmed
Ring Test- Neutral ise at the junction of two
sodium carbonate extract by
CH:COOH. Add to it freshly liquids due to the
formation of FeSO4.NO
prepared FeSO4 solution and
then conc. HS04 solution by
the side of the test tube
Test for Basic Radical
Mix +NaOH solution & heat No smell of NH Zero group absent
be
2. Original sol ution+ dil. HCI White ppt is obtained Igroup present may
, Ag'. HsS
3. White ppt+ water & boil Ppt is soluble but May be h2*
reappears on cooling

Divide the hot aqueous

solution of the ppt in two

parts
6) PartI+KI Solution Yellow ppt P2 confirmed
Gi) Part1l+K:CrO«solution Yellow ppt Pb confirmed
Dry test (Charcoal cavity
test)
Heat the mixture in reducing A soft shining metallic Ph confirmed
flame with Na2CO: (solid) in bead in formed. It leaves

charcoal cavity mark on paper

Result The given.mixture no. . . contains Nitrate NO; and Lead (Pb*")a
acid and basic radicals
respectively.
ChemistryPractical-XI
xpeimeut No. 8
Colouslo 89

Experiment No. s
Fxercise: Identify
Exercise one acid and one basic
radical in the given miixture.
Experiment Observations Inference
No.

Tests for Acid Radicals

Mixture + dil. H:SO
Smell like vinegar is Dilute acid group is
8iven out present may be

CH,COO
Confirmatory test
Palm test : Take the mixture Smell of vinegar CH COO confirmed
on palm, add to it solid
H,C04.2H,0 and 2-3
drops of water. Rub it, and
smell

3. Ferric Chloride test-Sodium Solution turns deep red CH,COO confirmed.

carbonate extract + neutral

FeClisolution

Ester test A pleasant fruity smell

Mixture+ C,H,OH+ few CH,COO confirmed
drops of conc. H2SO4 and
heat
Test for Basic Radical
Zero group Absent
Misture+ NaOH solution &
No smell of NH
Heat
White ppt Igroup present may be
dil. HCI
Original solution + Pb, Ag' Hg
Ppt is soluble May be Pb
water & boil
White ppt+
the
Divide the hot solution of
PPt into two parts
Yellow ppt Pconfirmed
) Topart I add KI
solution
Pb confirmed
Yellow ppt
(i To part II add KCrOs
solution A soft shining
metallic Pb confirmed.
Dry test : Charcoal Cavity bead is formed. It
leaves
NaCOs +2-3
testMixture + mark on paper
in a charcoal
drops of water
cavity. Heat it in red ucing

flame and Lead D )

are present in the given mixture as
Result: Acetate (CH,COO)
aCid and basic radicals.
 Colowl
mistry Practical-XII 2 0 9 A
Epelimect No. =9 93

Exercise : Analyse the

Experiment No. 12
given salt for one
acid and one
wet t e s t s . basic radical by dry and

Experiment
No.
Observations In ference
Tests for Acid Radicals
Mixture + dil.H2sO4 and heat
No reaction
Dilute acid group is
Mixture + conc. H:SO4 and, absent
2. Brown
heat coloured gas with Conc. acid group is present.
pungent smell is given out May be Br or NOs
Add some copper turning to
Brown gas becomes Br absent. May be NOs
the test tube
dense
Con firmatory test:
Neutralise Sodium carbonate A brown
extract with CH:COOH. Add to
ring is formed NOs con firm ed
at the junction of two
it freshly prepared FcSO liquids due to the
solution and then conc: H:SO: by formation of FeSO4. NO
the side of the test tube
Test for Basic Radiçals
Mixture + NaOH sol and heat No smell of am monia. Zero group is absent
Original solution + dil. HCI No ppt Tgroup absent
Pass H:S gas into the above No ppt Igroup absent
solution
Boil the above solution to Filter paper does not turn H:S is rem oved
remove H:S gas completely. black completely
Test it by apiece of filter
paper moistened with
(CH,C00), Pb sol.
Now boil the above solution White gelatinous ppt is IIl group present may be
with 2 drops of conc. HNO, add obtained Al3
solid NHCl and then NH.OH in
excess after cooling
Confirm atory test
.
Dissolve the white ppt in dil
HCI and divide it into three
parts
(6) Part 1+ so lid NHCI, heat white pPPt reappears A13 confirmed
(i) Part II+ NaOH solution
white ppt, which is Al confirmed
soluble in excess if NaOH
(ii) Lake test.
Part III +2 Blue ppt floats on the Al3 confirmed
drops of blue solution
itm us and then add NH 4OH
drop by drop Blue mass is obtained
Al confirmed
Dry Test-Charcoal cavity
cobalt nitrate test

Result: Nitrate (NO) and Aluminium (Al are present in the given mivhs.
 ExperimMOLnt NO 1°
94
Chemistry Practical-X
Experimcnt No. 13
Exercise: ldentify one acid and one basic radical from the given salt .
S. Experiment Observations Inference
No.
Tests for Acid
Radicals
Mixture+dil H,SO, +Heat Dilute acid group is
No Reaction absent
2. Mixture +Conc. H2S04 Voilet coloured fumes Conc. acid group is
given out present may be T
Confirmatory List
AgNO, Test
Sodium carbonate extract + A
dil. HNO+ Ag NO, solution
yellow ppt, insoluble in I confirmed
NH OH solution
Chloroform test-
Sodium carbonate extract + CHCI, layer turns voilet T confirmed
dil. HNO, +CHCl3. Add Cl
water drop by drop and shake
Test for Basic Radical
Mixture + NaOH sol. heat No smell of NH
Original solution + dil. HCI Zero group absent.
Pass HS gas in to the above
No ppt group absent
Black ppt is obtained Il group present may be
solution
Dissolve the ppt is S0 Black ppt dissolves Pb or Cu
HNO3 May be Pb" or Cu
5. Divide the solution in two
parts
(i) Part
I+CH;OH+ dil. H,SO | No ppt
Pb absent
(11) | Part Il
+NH,OH in excess Deep blue colouration May be Cu
6. Deep blue solution+ Cu" confirmed
CHCOOH till blue colour Choclate brown ppt is Cu confirmed
formed
disappear. Now add
K[Fe(CN)%) solution
Dry test : Perform Charcoal Red bead is formed
cavity test in reducing flame |Cu confirmed
Result:odide (() and copper (Cu2*) are
present in the given mixture
 P r a c t i c a l - X I I

C h e m u s t yP r a c
berimaud No 95

Experiment No. 14
one acid and one basic radical from the given salt .by dry and wet
ise: ldentity
Experiment Observations Inference

Radicals
Tests for Acid
+ dil. H,SO, Colourless gas with Dilute acid group is
Mixture
CH,COO
smell of vinegar is present may be
evolved
Confirmatory test
CH,COO confirmed
Palm test: Mixture + solid oxalic acid Smell of vingar
add 2-3 drops of water.
on palm then
Rub it and smell CH,COO confirmed
: Neutralise sodium Dark red colouration
FeCl test
with dil. HCl and add
carbonate extract
FeCl; solution. Pleasant fruity smell
CH,COO confirmed
4 Ester Test: Mixture +CaH OH +few
Heat of ester formed
drops ofconc. H,SO,.
Test or Basic Radical Zero group absent
Heat No smell of ammonia
Mixture +NaOH solution. group absent
No ppt
Oniginalsolution + dil. HCI II group absent
No ppt
In the above solution pass H,S gas Filter paper does not
HS is removed
to remove H,S
4 Boil the above solution turn black completely.
filter
a piece of
completely. Test by
it
with (CH,COO);Pb IlI group absent
paper moistened solution with 2 No ppt
Now boil the above
NH4Ci
conc.
of HNO, Add solid
arops cooling IV group present may be
and NH,OH in excess after A white ppt is
6 Pass H,S gas in the
above solution
obtained
Zn

HCl and divide

Dissolve the ppt in dil. is Zn confimed
the solution in two parts. Bluish white ppt
0) Part I+KFe(CN)% solutiorí obtained
Zn confirmed
formed
White ppt is
by drop is soluble in
PartFart II+NaOH solution drop which
excess of NaOH
residue is left Zn confirmed
Green
charcoal cavity test
Dry
T eTest:
st: F
Perform

With cobalt nitrate

(CH,CO0) and Znic (Zn?) it
in
acelate
contains

mixture
Result: The given
 ExpetmQut No =12
96 Coloale Chemistry Practical.
Experiment No. 15
Exercise : Analyse the given salt for one acid and one basic radical by dry and wet tes
tests
Experiment Observations Inference
No.
Tests for Acid Radicals
Salt + dil. H,SO, and heat
no reaction Dilute acid group is absent
2. Salt + conc. HSO, and heat.
Bring a Colourless pungent simelling Conc. acid group is present
glass rod dipped in NH,OH near the gas is given out. may be C
mouth of the test tube
White fumes formed
Confirmatory Test
Chromyl Chloride Test
Salt++KCr;0, (solid) +
conc. H,SO Dark red coloured gas with
in dry
a tube and heat.
test
pungent smell evolved.
Pass the red coloured
gas in NaOH Solution becomes yellow.
solution
To the yellow solution add A yellow ppt is formed CI confirmed
CHCOOH and (CH,CO0); Pb
Solution
4. Silver nitrate Test
Sodiun carbonate extract + dil. A white ppt is formed
HNO,+ AgNO; solution.
Add excess of NH,OH in the
Ppt is soluble Cl confimed
precipitate
Test for Basic Radical
Salt + NaOH solution. Heat
No smell of NH
Original solution + dil. HCT Zero group absent
In the above solution No ppt I group absent
pass H,S gas No ppt
Boil the above solution to remove Il group absent
HS completely
Test it by a piece of filter
paper Filter paper does not turn
moistened with (CH,CO0),Pb HS is removed completely
black.
Now boil the above solution
with 2- No ppt
drops of conc. HNO3. Add solid Ill group absent
NH,Cl and NH,OH in excess after
cooling
Pass HS gas in
the above solution A white ppt is obtained
Dissolve the white ppt in dil. Lgroup present may be2n
and divide the solution in twoHC
1) pats
(i)
Part+K4|FeCN).]
Part
solution. Bluish white ppt obtained
II+NaOH sol. drop by drop White ppt infornmed Zn confimed
which
soluble in excess of NaOH
is Zn confirmed
Dry Test : Perform charcoal cavity
test with Green residue is left
cobalt nitrate Zn confimed.
Result: The given salt
contains Chloride (C) and Zinc. (Zn2")
 Colo le
&permeut o 13
Chemistry Practical-X
102
Experiment No. 21|
acid and one basIc radical by dry and wet

given salt for sts

one
Exercise: Analyse the
Observations Inference
S. Experiment
No.
Tests for Acid Radicals
Salt + dil H,S0 and heat No reaction Dilute acid group 1s absent
Colourless pungent smelling Conc. acid group is
present
Salt HSO, and heat
Conc. gas evolved

NHOH White fumes formed May be CI

Bring a gilass rod dipped in
near the mouth of the test tube
Con firmatory Test
Chromyl Chloride Test
Salt+ solid K2Cr;0, + conc. H,SO Dark red pungent smelling
in a dry test tube and heat gas is evolved
Pass the red coloured gas in NaOH Solution becomes yellow
solution
To the yellow solution add A yellow ppt is formed CI confirmed
CH.COOH and (CH,C00); Pb
solution
4. Silver Nitrate test: Sodium A white ppt is formed
Carbonate extract + dil. HN0, +
AgNO; solution
Add excess of NH,OH in the ppt The ppt is soluble Cl confirmed
Test for Basic Radical
Salt + NaOH solution and heat No smell of ammonia Zero group is absent
Original solution + dil. HCl No ppt I group absent
3 Pass HS gas in the above solution No ppt II group absent
Boil the above solution to remove
HS completely
Test it
by a piece of filter paper Filter paper does not turn HS is removed completely
moistened with (CH,COO) Pb black
5 Now boil the above soluiton with2 No ppt Ill group absent
drops of conc. HNO,. Add solid
NHCI and NH,OH in excess after
cooling
6. Pass H,S gas in the above solution No ppt IV group absent
7 Boil off H,S from the above soluiton A white Ppt is obtained V group present
and concentrate it. Now add excess May be Ba, Sr ,Ca
of NH,OH and saturated solution of
(NH)COO
8 Dissolve the white ppt in hot
CH,COOH and divide it in to three
parts
(i) To part I add K2CrO, solution A yellow ppt is obtained Ba confirmed.
Dry Test: Perform tlame test Applegreen flame
Ba confirmed
Result:Chloride (CI ) and Barium (Ba?) radicals are present in the given salt.
 e i m O n t NO0

104 Chemistry Practical-X

Experiment No. 25
Exercise : Analyse the given salt for one acid and basic radical by
one dry and wet tes
tests
Experiment Observations Inference
No.
Tests for Acid Radicals
Mixture + dil. H,SO and heat
Colourless, smell like Dilute acid group is
vinegar evolved present.
May be CH,COO
Confirmatory Test
Paim Test : Mixture + solid
oxalic acid on palm. Add 2-3 Smell of vinegar is
obtained
CH,COO confirmed
drops of water. Rub it and smell
FeCl, test: Neutralise sodiumn Deep red colouration
carbonate extract with dil. HCI CH,COO confirmed.
and add neutral FeCl; solution
Ester Test: Mixture + C2H,OH Pleasent fruity smell
+2-3 drops of conc. HSO. Heat CH.COO confimed
Test for Basic Radical
Mixture+ NaOH sol. and heat No smell of
Original solution+ dil. HCI NH Zero group absent
No ppt
Pass HS gas in the above
No ppt group absent
solution II group absent
Boil the above solution to remove
HS completely.
Test it by a piece of filter paper Filter paper does not turn
moistened with (CH,COO), Pb HS is removed
black
Now boil the above solution with
No ppt completely.
2-drops of conc. HNO : Add I group asent
solid NH,CI+ NH,OH in excess
after cooling
Pass HS gas in the above No ppt
solution IV group absent
7. Boil off HS from the above
A white ppt
solution and concentrate it. Now is obtained V group present may be
add excess of NH,OH and Ba, Sr or Ca
saturated solution of (NH)2
C0
8. Dissolve the white ppt in hot
CHCOOH solution and divide it
into three parts.
(i) To part I add K2CrO,
solution
(i) To part I add No ppt
(NH» SO A white ppt is formed Ba absent
solution Sr contirmed.
Dry Test: Perform flame
testa
with the mixture or the ppt. Consistant Crimson red Sr contirmed
Result: Accetate flame
(CH,COO ) and Strontium (Sr2) radicals in the
Salt
are present gi
 xperi mout No J
emistry P r a c t i c a l - X I I
(oloulw
107

ntify
Exercise: ldentify one
Experiment No. 20
acid and one basic radical from the given salt
giv
Experiment
Observations Inference
No.
Tests for Acid Radicals
Salt +dil. H,SO4 Light brown coloured gas Dilute acid group is
is evolved in cold. present. May be NO7
Confirmatory Test
Starch iodide Test: Bring a piece Filter paper turns blue NO, confrimed
of filter paper moistened with KI
and freshly prepared starch iodide
solution near the mouth of the test
tube.
FeSO4 Test: Sodium carbonate Solution turns black NO, confirmed.
extract + dil. HSO4 +freshly
prepared FeSO4 solution
Test for Bastc Radical
Zero group absent
No smell of NH3
Salt + NaOH sol. and heat I group absent
No ppt
Original solution +dil. HCI No
II group absent
Pass H,S gas in the above
solution ppt
Boil the above solution, to
remove

HS completely. HS is removed
Filter paper does not turn
Test it by a piece of filter paper black completely.
Pb Illgroup absent
moistened with (CH,CO0);
with 2 No ppt
Now boil the above solution
Add solid
drops of conc. HNO3. after
NH,CI+ NH,OH in
excess

IV group absent
cooling above solution
No ppt
6. Pass H,S gas in the
above
Boil off H,S from the
concentrate it. is formed Vgrouppresent may be
Solution and A white ppt Ba, Sr or Ca
and
Now add of NH,OH
excess

of (NHA)>CO3
saturated solution
hot CH,COOH
. Dissolve the ppt in
in three
and divide the solution Ba absent
parts No ppt S absent
solution Ca confirmed.
To part I add K,CrO4 solution
No'ppt formed
SO4 white ppt is
() lo part II add (NH4) A
To part I add (NH4)>C204
solution Ca confirmed.
Brick red flame
Dry test: test with the sal alcium
and Cale (Ca?) radicals in it.
erform flame Nitrite (NO,)
contains
salt.

Result: The given

given
 (olouele

108 Chemistry Practical-Xi

Experiment No. 27
Exercise: Analyse the given saltfor one acid and one basic radical by dry and wet test

Experiment Observations Inference

No.
Tests for Acid Radicals
Salt dilute Dilute acid group is
H,SO Brisk effervescence with
+

the evolution of present. May be CO,

coloureless and odourless
gas
Confirmatory Test
Pass the evolved gas in lime Lime water turns milky co confirmed.
water.
3. Pass more of the gas in milky Milkyiess disappears Co confirmed.
solution
Test for Basic Radical
Salt +NaOH solution and heat No smell of NH Zero group absent
Original solution + dil. HCI No ppt I group absent
Pass H2S gas in the above No ppt II group absent
solution
Boil the above solution to
remove H,S completely.
Test it by a piece of filter Filter paper does not turn H2S is removed
paper moistened with black completely
(CH,CO0),Pb
5. Now boil the above solution No ppt III group absent
with 2-drops of conc. HNO3.
Add solid NH.CI and NH,OH
in excess after cooling
Pass H2S gas in the above No ppt IV group absent
solution
Boil off HS from the above No ppt V group absent.
solution and concentrate it
now add excess of NH,OH
and (NH)2 CO3
To the solution obtained White ppt is formed VI group present may de
above add disodium which is soluble in dil.
HCI
Mg
hydrogen phosphate
(Na,HPO)
9 Solution of white ppt in dil. HCI Pinkish red ppt is Mg confirmed
+NaOH + Titan yellow
obtained
Dry Test: Perform charcoal Pink residue is left in the Mg confirmed.
cavity test with Cobalt cavity
Nitrate
Result: The given salt contains carbonate (CO) and Magnesium (Mg? ) radicals in t.