MENTARI INTERCULTURAL SCHOOL JAKARTA

IB Primary Years Programme (PYP)

Grade 5 SY 2023 – 2024

Unit of Inquiry: Where We Are in Place and Time

Central Idea: Exploration leads to discovery and develops new understanding.
Integration: English Language Arts
Inquiry Resource: Exploring Sentences – Correcting Run-ons

• A sentence has three requirements: 1) a subject 2) a verb 3) a complete thought and can
stand on its own.
subject verb

Example: The Space Race marked a significant period in history.

The sentence above makes a complete thought. It also has a subject and a predicate.

● A fragment is a part or piece of something. It is a word or word group broken off from a sentence.

Example: The cosmonauts of Russia (Fragment)

Though the phrase begins with a capital letter and has a mark of end punctuation, it lacks a verb.
So it does not meet the three requirements of a sentence.

● A run-on is the result of connecting sentences with a comma or connecting sentences with no mark
of punctuation.
Examples of a run-on:
Comma Splices
• The Space Race was a competition between countries, it led to significant advancements in
space technology.
• Yuri Gagarin was the first human to orbit the Earth, his achievement marked a historic
moment in history.
Fused Sentences
• The Space Race intensified during the Cold War both nations were driven by rivalry they
wanted to showcase their prowess.
• NASA’s Project Mercury aimed to send astronauts into space it began in the late 1950s.

Four Ways to Correct Run-on Sentences

With end marks and capitals
Run-on: The Space Race was a competition Sentence: The Space Race was a competition
between countries, it led to significant between countries. It led to significant advancements
advancements in space technology. in space technology.
With commas and conjunctions
Run-on: NASA’s Project Mercury aimed to send Sentence: NASA’s Project Mercury aimed to send
astronauts into space it began in the late 1950s. astronauts into space, and it began in the late 1950s.
With semicolons
Run-on: Yuri Gagarin was the first human to orbit Sentence: Yuri Gagarin was the first human to orbit
the Earth, his achievement marked a historic the Earth; his achievement marked a historic moment
moment in history. in history.
By rewriting (changing the sentence)
Run-on: NASA’s Project Mercury aimed to send Sentence: NASA’s Project Mercury which began in
astronauts into space it began in the late 1950s. the late 1950s aimed to send astronauts into space.