1

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CÂU CHẺ
Pa

A. Định nghĩa
ge

- Được dùng để nhấn mạnh một trong các thành phần nhất định của câu như trạng ngữ, tân ngữ hay
:T

chủ ngữ hay một đối tượng, một sự việc đáng chú nào nào đó trong câu.
ài

- Gồm 2 vế tạo thành câu, bao gồm 1 mệnh đề chính và 1 mệnh đề phụ, nối với nhau bằng that/ who/
whom …..
Li
ệu

B. Cấu trúc
K

B1. It - Cleft sentences

hó

1. Câu chẻ nhấn mạnh chủ ngữ

aH

t is was chủ ngữ ngư i who that

ọc

t is was chủ ngữ v t that

H
ay

Ex
M

János Irinyi invented the non-explosive match in 1836.

iễ
n

=> It was János Irinyi who/that invented the non-explosive match in 1836.
Ph

The film made me depressed.

íK

=> It was the film that made me depressed.

im
V

2. Câu chẻ nhấn mạnh tân ngữ

ăn

t is was tân ngữ ngư i that whom

t is was tân ngữ v t that

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Ex

John sent her a letter last Monday.

=> It was her that/ whom John sent a letter last Monday.

They destroyed the tallest building yesterday.

Pa

=> It was the tallest building that they destroyed yesterday.

ge
:T

3. Câu chẻ nhấn mạnh trạng ngữ (thời gian, nơi chốn, cách thức, lý do,…)
ài

t is was trạng ngữ that O

L iệ
u
K

Ex
hó

I am going on holiday in August.

aH

=> It is in August that I am going on holiday.

ọc

She met him at Cambridge University.

H

=> It was at Cambridge University that she met him.

ay

You can improve your vocabulary range by reading more.

M
iễ

=> It is by reading more that you can improve your vocabulary range.
n
Ph

4. Câu chẻ bị động

í
K

It + is / was + Noun (v t) + that + be + PII

im

t is was Noun pronoun ngư i) + who + be + PII

V
ăn

Ex

To Hoai wrote this book.

=> It was this book that was written by To Hoai.

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They gave the artist many flowers.

=> It was the artist who was given many flowers.

Lưu ý

 Khi chủ ngữ được nhấn mạnh là danh từ số nhiều, ta sử dụng động từ số nhiều, nhưng mệnh đề It
Pa

+ be vẫn phải chia số ít.

ge

Ex: It is the parents who were protesting most.

:T

 Ta có thể dùng phủ định ở mệnh đề It

ài

Ex: It wasn’t the Greek student who phoned.

L iệ
u

Động từ khuyết thiếu trong câu chẻ

K
hó

Ta có thể sử dụng động từ khuyết thiếu trong câu chẻ để nhấn mạnh
aH

 It might be my phone that you hear ringing.

ọc

 It must have been his mother who taught him how to grow sunflowers.
H

 It could have been Mrs. Smith that I met.

ay
M

B2. Wh-Cleft sentences

iễ

Cấu trúc chung: What + S + V + is

n
Ph

(Ta có thể thay what bằng các từ để hỏi khác như why, where, how, etc.)
í

Ex
K
im

A: don’t know what to cook for them? don’t know what they like.
V

B: What they like is smoked salmon.

ăn

A: This remote control isn’t working.

B: What we need to do is get new batteries for it.

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PRACTICE

Choose the best answers for the following questions

Question 1. ________ I bought the golden fish.

Pa

A. It was from this shop that B. I was from this shop where
ge

C. It was this shop which D. It was this shop that

:T

Question 2. It was Tom _______ to help us.

ài
L

A. comes B. that comes C. to come D. who came

iệ

Question 3. _______ the police had rescued from the fire.

u
K

A. The baby B. The baby that

hó

C. It was the baby whom D. The baby whom

aH

Question 4. ________ my parents gave me the fish tank.

ọc

A. It was on my birthday when B. It was my birthday on that

H

C. It was my birthday that D. It was on my birthday that

ay

Question 5. _______ I first met my girlfriend.

M

A. It was in London that B. It was in London where

iễ
n

C. It was London that D. It was London which

Ph

Question 6. _________ on the phone.

í K

A. It is his mother whom is B. It was his mother whom is

im

C. It was his mother who is D. It is his mother who is

V

Question 7. ________ a high level of blood cholesterol.

ăn

A. It is eggs that contain B. Those are eggs it contains

C. It is eggs that contains D. It is eggs contain

Question 8. _________ England won the World Cup.

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A. It was in 1966 that B. It was on 1966 that

C. It was in 1966 when D. It was 1966 in that

Question 9. __________ we all look for.

A. It is happiness that B. That happiness

Pa

C. Happiness it is that D. Happiness it is

ge

Question 10. ____________ me how to play the drum.

:T

A. It was my uncle who taught B. My uncle who taught

ài
L

C. It was my uncle taught D. It is my uncle teaching

iệ

Question 11. _____ we need to do now is reduce air pollution levels.

u
K

A. It B. What C. Where D. Why

hó

Question 12. ___________ is happiness and peace.

aH

A. What he needed B. What needs

ọc

C. What he needing D. What he needs

H

Question 13. ___________ was sent to Mr. Jang yesterday.

ay

A. It was the bill which B. It was the bill that

M

C. It is the bill that D. The bill was that

iễ
n

Question 14. It was Tom who __________ by a strange man on his way home.
Ph

A. attacked B. attacking C. was attacked D. he attacked

í K

Question 15. _______ he left was unknown.

im

A. This B. Why C. It D. Whom

V

Question 16. _____ you’ll find great seafood is Molly’s eafood Restaurant on the quay.
ăn

A. Where B. Which C. What D. Why

Rewrite the sentences to focus attention on the underlined information. Using structure” it is /
was ... that”

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Question 17. She bought the car from Tom.

=>

Question 18. We are coming to stay with Jane this weekend.

=>
Pa

Question 19. My teacher helped me a lot with my study last semester.

ge

=>
:T

Question 20. The headmaster gave Tam a bicycle as a scholarship. (passive)

ài
L

=>
iệ
u
K
hó
aH
ọc
H
ay
M
iễ
n
Ph
í K
im
V
ăn

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