I. Read the article below about a new film.

Some of the lines contain an unnecessary

word, which does not fit into the sentence. If there is an unnecessary word in a line, write
it next to the appropriate number on your answer sheet. If the line is correct, put a tick
() next to the appropriate number on your answer sheet. There are two examples (0, 00)
at the beginning.

Will this film save cinema in 2020?

With the news on that Christopher Nolan’s latest film will be released outside the US in (0)_on__

August, will the blockbuster finally give movie-goers what they want? (00)___

Ever since cinemas closed their doors this spring, what people have been talking about the (12)_____

films they’re desperate to see when those doors open again. For some it’s Wonder (13)_____

Woman 1984, for others it’s Daniel Craig’s No Time To Die. But with the name (14)_____

that crops up most often in these fevered discussions is that of Christopher Nolan’s the (15)_____

latest high-concept science-fiction thriller, Tenet. Back in March, when some films have (16)_____

had their releases postponed by the months, and others were shunted to streaming (17)_____

platforms, Warner Bros was maintained that Tenet would be on big screens everywhere (18)_____

in mid-July. It wouldn’t budge, nor would it go straight to Netflix or Amazon too. Its (19)_____

release, like the dove’s return to Noah’s Ark, would signify that cinema-going was back. (20)_____

Unfortunately, as the characters in Nolan’s scripts keep discovering, that things don’t (21)_____

always work out as expected. In June, Warner’s studio executives were accepted that the (22)_____

situation wasn’t improving as quickly as they had hoped, especially in the US. With a (23)_____

reported budget of more than $200m, Tenet has to be seen by a vast audience to break an (24)_____

even, and so its release was postponed to the end of July, and back then to the middle of (25)_____

August. And now... well, the current plan is that Tenet will be open around the world on (26)_____

26 August, and in some US cities on 3 September, depending on how safe that they are. (27)_____

Whatever happens, it’s appropriate that the reopening of cinemas should be linked to (28)_____

one of the movie-going’s patron saints. Nolan has long been one of cinema’s most zealous (29)_____

and knowledgeable cheerleaders, somebody who tries to pass on to his passion for the (30)_____

medium to anyone who’ll listen.

II. Read the text belowabout a controversial business venture. Use the words in brackets
to form words that fit in the gaps. Write one word only in each gap. Write the word next to
the appropriate number on your answer sheet. There is one example (0) at the beginning.
The companies that help people vanish

All over the world, from the US to Germany to the UK, some people decide to (0) disappear
(appear), from their own lives without a trace. In Japan, these people are sometimes referred to
as ‘jouhatsu’. That’s the Japanese word for disappearance or ‘evaporation’, but it also refers to
people who vanish on purpose into thin air, and continue to conceal their whereabouts – (31)
___ (potent) for years, even decades.

“I got fed up with human (32)___ (relate). I took a small suitcase and disappeared,” says 42-
year-old Sugimoto. “I just kind of escaped.” He says that back in his small hometown,
everybody knew him because of his family and their (33) ___ (prosper) local business, which
Sugimoto was expected to carry on. But having that role foisted upon him caused him such
distress that he abruptly left town forever and told no one where he was going.

From (34) ___ (escape) debt to fleeing loveless marriages, the motives that push jouhatsu to
disappear can vary. (35) ___ (regard) of their reasons, they turn to companies that help them
through the process. These (36) ___ (operate) are called ‘night moving’ services, a nod to the
secretive nature of becoming a jouhatsu. They help people who want to disappear discreetly
remove themselves from their lives, and can provide (37) ___ (lodge) for them in secret
whereabouts. “Normally, the reason for moving is something positive, like entering university,
getting a new job or a marriage. But there’s also sad moving – for example, like dropping out
of university, losing a job or escaping from a (38) ___ (stalk) ,” says Sho Hatori, who founded
a night-moving company in the 90s when Japan’s (39) ___ (economy) bubble burst. At first,
he thought financial ruin would be the only thing driving people to flee their troubled lives, but
he soon found there were ‘social reasons’, too.

Sociologist Hiroki Nakamori has been researching jouhatsu for more than a decade. He says
the term ‘jouhatsu’ first started being used to describe people who decided to go missing back
in the 60s. Divorce rates were (and still are) very low in Japan, so some people decided it was
easier to just up and leave their spouses instead of going through (40) ___ (labour), formal
divorce proceedings.

“In Japan, it’s just easier to vanish,” says Nakamori. (41) ___ (private) is fiercely protected:
missing people can freely (42) ___ (draw) money from ATMs without being (43) ___ (flag),
and their family members can’t access security videos that might have captured their loved one
on the run. “The police will not intervene unless there’s another reason – like a crime or an
accident. All the family can do is pay a lot for a private detective. Or just wait. That’s all.”
III.Read the following article about an experiment in Japan and choose the verb form thatfits
best in the gap. Write the letter of the chosen form next to the appropriate number on your answer
sheet. There is one example (0) at the beginning.

The Japanese city that banned ‘smartphone-walking’

When travellers (0) _A__ the train at Yamato City, a commuter suburb popular with families
about 30km from Tokyo, their eyes (44) ___ to a few white cloth signs fluttering in the station
forecourt. These signs are the only visible indication of a policy that attracted global attention;
a ban on pedestrians using their phones while walking.
It’s an initiative that, local officials declare, is both needed and – despite the lack of obvious
enforcement – expected to succeed. Yet getting people off their phones (45) ___ the streets is
something many cities wrestle with. Why does Yamato expect its policy to change residents’
behaviour, and why (46) ___ ?
Japan is often described as a collectivist culture where the concept of wa (harmony) in a group
is seen as more important than the expression of individual opinions. It’s why, during the global
pandemic, nobody would be seen outside without a face mask despite (47) ___ mandatory. It’s
also clear that Japanese citizens are well aware of the danger to themselves and others of
smartphone use while walking. In a 2019 survey, 96.6% of respondents said (48) ___ aware of
the dangers, 13.2% (49) ___ collisions first-hand while 9.5% said they’d been injured as a
result of ‘smartphone-walking’ .

(0) A get off B got off

C will get off D getting off

(44) A would be drawn B may draw

C might be drawn D are being drawn

(45) A to safely navigate B in order to safely navigate

C so they can safely navigate D for navigating safely

(46) A might it just actually work B it may just actually work

C it is expected to work D most probably it will be working

(47) A it is not B it not being

C of the fact that it is not D that it is not deemed

(48) A that they happen to be B they have been

C they were D they would be

(49) A have experienced B should have experienced

C would experience D had experienced
 But can a ban with no concrete penalties behind it really make an impact? Naota Suzuki, a
lawyer at Nakamura Law Offices in Shibuya, points out that “there are laws that do not have
punishments but are effective.” He says whether or not these unenforced laws are successful
(50) ___ rooted in the Japanese concept of meiwaku, which can be translated as ‘being a
nuisance to others’.
For example, it’s an unwritten rule that using your phone on public transport is a no-no. So,
even though it’s not technically prohibited, people refrain. Conversely, laws (51) ___ underage
drinking and smoking, for example, (52) ___ penalties but are largely ignored. The difference
(53) ___ to a perception of whether or not the act affects others. Drinking and smoking are
generally seen as activities that only cause harm to oneself; they don’t fall under the socially
unacceptable banner of being meiwaku.
One of Japan’s most infamous sayings, applicable to school, work and social life, is ‘the nail
that sticks out (54) ___’, suggesting that forms of difference or disobedience will lead to
punishment. In the case of Yamato, Mayor Ohki believes that the ban will help residents
perceive ‘smartphone zombie’ behaviour as meiwaku, or causing trouble to others, and adjust
their actions according to an evolving social norm.

(50) A is B lies
C to be D have been

(51) A which governs B being governed by

C must govern D governing

(52) A do carry B will be carrying

C could carry D were to carry

(53) A has come down B comes down

C is coming down D came down

(54) A will have been hammered down B has the hammer down
C gets hammered down D have to be hammered down
IV.Read the text below about abuildingand decide which word(A
Q) best fits each numbered
gap. There are two extra answers that do not fit into any of the gaps. Write the letter of your
choice next to the appropriate number on your answer sheet. There is one example (0) at the
beginning.
The 'Leaning Tower' of the Middle East
Under the dazzling blue sky, the glass-walled skyscraper that is Capital Gate (0)__H__ in the
sunlight as people (55)_____ in and out of the airy lobby.
Above them, just about visible, are the window cleaners (56)_____ with ropes and harnesses,
artfully (57)_____ Capital Gate's 728 individually made glass panels, which are custom-
designed to (58)_____ the building's unusual shape.
Calling the 35-story Abu Dhabi building a skyscraper doesn't quite (59)_____ the essence of
Capital Gate. The brief given to the engineers and architects was not to make the biggest or
tallest building around, but to "(60)_____ the rules of architecture and to build a structure that
would (61)_____ Abu Dhabi on the world map," says Ahmed Al Mansoori, a lead engineer for
Capital Gate and Director of Engineering at Abu Dhabi National Exhibitions Company.
Nearly 10 years on, Capital Gate remains the world's "farthest man-made leaning building,"
according to Guinness World Records. It leans 18 degrees westward -- about five times the
angle of Italy's Leaning Tower of Pisa -- and the top 17 floors "(62)_____ over the edge, putting
thousands of tonnes of pressure on the core of the building," explains Al Mansoori.
"Nature wants it to (63)_____. Everything about the tower makes it want to fall over, but it has
been designed to stop."
The hotel's restaurant and swimming pool -- suspended on a platform on the edge of the building
(64)_____ the exhibition center -- were added a year into construction, (65)_____ one of the
biggest challenges for the engineering team.
Looking out at the panoramic city views, Asad Haroon, another hotel employee, remarks that
"Abu Dhabi is a completely different city compared to when I moved here in 2011."
From the restaurant, he goes on to point out the many buildings in this area that did not
(66)_____ when he first moved to Abu Dhabi. "This was nearly an empty space. Once you'd
exit the exhibition center there was nothing," he remembers.
While historically Abu Dhabi has been (67)_____ by Dubai in terms of tourism, Abu Dhabi is
casting itself as the United Arab Emirates' cultural hub.
"Abu Dhabi will never become Dubai because they don't want to," says Haroon. "If you want
to come for a few nights and go crazy, then Dubai is your destination. But if you really want to
(68)_____ up the UAE culture, Abu Dhabi is the place to go."
https://edition.cnn.com/travel/article/capital-gate-abu-dhabi/index.html

A) polishing B) put C) exist D) hang E) overshadowed

F) collapse G) bustle H) twinkles I) built J) soak

K) facing L) taking M) convey N) providing O) challenge

P) fit Q) suspended
V. Read the text about viruses and choose the best sentences (A K) from the list below to fill each
of the numbered gaps. There is one extra sentence that does not fit into any of the gaps. Write the
letter of your choice next to the appropriate number on your answer sheet. There is one example
(0) right at the beginning.
The deadly viruses that vanished without trace
It was the year 1002. (0) H For over a century, Viking armies had been scoping out the land as a
potential new home, under the command of leaders with well-groomed facial hair and evocative names,
such as Swein Forkbeard.
(69)_____ But Ethelred had decided to make a stand. On 13 November, he ordered for every Danish
man in the country to be rounded up and killed. (70)_____ Ethelred’s brutal act proved to be in vain,
and eventually most of England was ruled by Forkbeard’s son.
(71)_____ Over a thousand years later, 37 skeletons – thought to belong to some of the executed victims
– were discovered on the grounds of St John’s College in Oxford. Buried with them was a secret.
When scientists analysed DNA from the remains earlier this year, they found that one of the men had
been doubly unfortunate. (72)_____
And there was another surprise. This wasn’t the smallpox virus that we’re familiar with from recent
history – the kind that was famously driven to extinction in the 1970s by a determined vaccination
programme. (73)_____ It seems that smallpox went extinct twice.
By now the story of how new viral threats emerge should be familiar – the close contact with infected
animals, the virus leaping between species, the “patient zero” who catches it first, the super-spreaders
who carry it across the globe. But what occurs at the end of a virus’s existence is only just starting to
gather interest. (74)_____ And what happens to them?
As the threat posed by these tiny, primitive life forms grows ever stronger, scientists are racing to find
out.
(75)_____ The world first became aware of its existence on 10 February 2003, after the Beijing office
of the World Health Organization (WHO) received an email describing “a strange contagious disease”
which had killed 100 people in the space of a week.
The earliest cases occurred in Guangdong, a coastal province in southeast China known for its many
restaurants serving exotic meats. At the time, local wet markets bustled with racoons, badgers, palm
civets, doves, rabbits, pheasants, deer and snakes, which were often dispatched on the spot, mere metres
from where people ate. (76)_____ Even in the earliest days of the epidemic, it was clear how Sars had
emerged.
Fast-forward two years, and the virus had infected at least 8,096 people, 774 of whom died. But it could
have been so much worse.
At the time, many experts were concerned that the virus could cause devastation on the same level as
the HIV crisis, or even the 1918 flu pandemic, which infected a third of the world’s population and
killed 50 million.
(77)_____ By January 2004, there were just a handful of cases – and by the end of month, the last
suspected natural infection was announced.
https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20200918-why-some-deadly-viruses-vanish-and-go-extinct

A) Hundreds perished, and the incident went down in history as the St Brice's Day massacre.
B) Not only was he violently murdered – at the time, he had been suffering from smallpox.
C) One of the most recent viruses to vanish was Sars.
D) The Middle Ages also had more than its fair share of viruses.
E) Instead, Sars disappeared as abruptly as it arrived.
F) Why do some viruses disappear?
G) But what was a bad day to be a Viking in England was a gift for modern archaeologists.
H) The English king Ethelred II – not-so-fondly remembered as “Æthelred the unready” – was at
war.
I) It was common to find beheaded and disembowelled animals just lying around.
J) So far, the Vikings had found the English resistance enticingly weak.
K) Instead, it belonged to a remarkably different strain, one which was previously unknown, and
silently disappeared centuries ago.
VI. Read these short reviews of celebrity chefs and the questions thatfollow. Then match the
reviews (A, B, C and D) with the questions, according to the text. Write the letter of your choice
next to the appropriate number on your answer sheet. There is one example (0) at the beginning.

A. Jamie Oliver
Jamie Oliver is a busy lad. If he is not opening and closing restaurants, and launching campaigns
to stop children eating their body weight in chips, he is adding to the English language. In
Jamie: Keep Cooking Family Favourites, for instance, he coined the verb ‛batching’. Batching
is short for batch cooking, which all savvy shoppers and dieters tend to do on a weekend. I
batch, you batch, we batch. It saves time and money, though you end up eating the same thing
day after day. Even my legendary pasta bake (they speak of little else in Tuscany) can lose its
sizzle after three days on the trot. Jamie batched some ‛British bolognese’, so called because it
used root vegetables and a slug (well, 500ml) of pale ale. It looked yummy and managed to
soothe his large brood into silence. Oliver has been doing this cooking on the telly lark for so
long he makes it seem effortless, which I suppose it is given his TV kitchen is in his garden
shed, so no commute.
https://www.heraldscotland.com/arts_ents/18663697.tv-review-memo-filmmakers---tell-us-something-dont-know/

B. Gordon Ramsay
The idea of Gordon Ramsay doing a travel show exploring the foods of different cultures around
the world seems a bit ridiculous when you consider the personality attributes that made him
popular in the first place. It’s one thing for Ramsay to unleash his signature temper on reality
show contestants, but such behavior would hardly be fitting for guests eager to show him a bit
of their local culture. Fortunately, Gordon Ramsay: Uncharted showcases another side of
Ramsay than audiences might be used to. Uncharted has a fairly simple premise across its first
season. Ramsay travels to exotic locations to visit with chef friends and to explore their local
foods while collecting ingredients for a feast that he prepares for his hosts. Many of the
ingredients he collects require a fair bit of physical activity, requiring Ramsay to swim, climb,
and dive in order to acquire them.The camera crews do an excellent job capturing the beautiful
landscapes that Ramsay visits. The local experts are also great at giving the audience a crash
course on their history, making it quite easy to follow along. Many of the foods depicted are
exclusive to these specific locations, staples of the local diet that Ramsay himself is often trying
for the first time. Ramsay proves to be an excellent host, showcasing elements of his personality
that general audiences might be as unfamiliar with as the locations showcased. He engages with
his local guests with such enthusiasm that you can’t help but smile as he bites into another
exotic treat. There’s still a number of bleeped-out expletives, but it’s refreshing to see them
directed at circumstances rather than people.The highlight of each episode is almost always
watching Ramsay prepare the food he’s collected, combining local methods with his own spin
on each recipe.
https://ianthomasmalone.com/2019/07/gordon-ramsay-uncharted-showcases-a-softer-side-of-fiery-chef/

C. Guy Fieri
Fieri, who arrived at Food Network after winning the second season of The Next Food Network
Star in 2006, acknowledges he looks little like the other chefs who fill the network’s schedule.
When he started appearing on air, “there was ‘Iron Chef’ and cooking shows were a little more
formatted,” he says. “I was a little more of ‘Where’d this guy with tattoos and bleached hair
come from?’” But he may be the network personality with the broadest appeal. The audience
for Fieri’s ubiquitous Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives brings a heavier male audience than the
network’s average, while Guy’s Grocery Games attracts a higher level of women compared to
the usual network baseline. On Wednesday night, Fieri will lead the season finale of
Tournament of Champions, a program that brings more edge to the traditional Food Network
programming recipe. Rather than just having one or two strong personalities in a competition
show, Fieri reasoned, why not only feature people who are keyed up?
“This was just bare knuckles,” he says. “We just kept the camera rolling all the time.” In
keeping with the times, Food Network is also tapping Fieri to offer comfort. Leading into the
finale, Food Network will show Fieri and his family watching the series’ first four episodes
together, so viewers can hear their comments and reactions. Underestimating Fieri is easy to
do. Sure, this is a guy who spends his time in public chowing down on everything from ‛Jewish
egg rolls’ stuffed with kasha and corned beef to steaming bowls of smoked gumbo. Beneath his
flamboyant appearance, however, is someone with an eye for the stress and strain behind food
service. That’s the element that many people think keeps his appeal intact.
https://variety.com/2020/tv/news/guy-fieri-food-network-diners-tournament-champions-1203551455/

D. Hugh Fearnley-Whittingstall
If you are in the food industry, the last thing you want popping into your inbox is an email from
Hugh Fearnley-Whittingstall. Congratulating you on the delicious crunchiness of your
chocolate-flavoured rice-based breakfast cereal, is he? Er, no, he wants an on-camera interview.
Ignoring it is not going to make it, or him, go away. That will just lead to one of his stunts; he
will show up with a megaphone and set up something outside your building that could
embarrass you. What is he on about now? He has done fish and waste; this time, it is Britain’s
ballooning obesity crisis, AKA Hugh’s war on waist (BBC One). Two-thirds of us are
overweight. Hugh – also one of the two-thirds, call him Huge Fearnley-Whittingstall – takes a
bunch of kids to Tesco and sends them off on their own Supermarket Sweeps, where they can
fill their trolleys with whatever they like. They come back with fresh fish, brown rice, kale …
oh, no, they do not. They fill their trolleys with chocolates and sweets, fizzy drinks, branded
desserts and cereal. The average child eats twice as much sugar as they should. This sets up a
pattern of bad eating habits for life – and the problem is only going to get worse. Hugh’s other
project, to see how much weight an entire city can lose over the course of a year, may have
been misguided – posh, double-barrelled TV chap travels to the north to tell the locals to eat
broccoli instead of chips – but he is humble and honest about it. When a lady called Julie stops
him in Newcastle upon Tyne city centre and tells him that he is doing it all wrong and that he
should be talking to people in more deprived parts of town to understand the challenges they
face, he listens and goes with her to Walker. The roles have been reversed: now he is getting
the education.
https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2018/apr/25/britains-fat-fight-with-hugh-fearnley-whittingstall-review-mischief-
with-a-message

According to the reviews, which chef...

is peroxide blond? __C__

(0 )
tends to use rude language in his programmes? (91)
has many children? (92)
could face some difficulties in his programme partly because of his name? (93)
presents his viewers with a new side of his character in his new show? (94)
found success on TV despite his unusual appearance ? (95)
is well-known for his long-term efforts to fight child obesity? (96)
likes to change every dish for his own taste? (97)
seems to learn something new about his own country in his show? (98)
does the cooking at home for the show? (99)
enjoys fierce competition in his show? (100)