OSPF Advanced Configuration N°1

Multi-area OSPFv2, LSAs, Stub Totally Stub area

Network Topology

Addressing Table
Device Interface IP Address Subnet Mask

Lo0 209.165.200.225 255.255.255.252

Lo1 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0

Lo2 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0

R1 S0/0/0 (DCE) 192.168.12.1 255.255.255.252

Lo6 192.168.6.1 255.255.255.0

S0/0/0 192.168.12.2 255.255.255.252

R2 S0/0/1 (DCE) 192.168.23.1 255.255.255.252

Lo4 192.168.4.1 255.255.255.0

Lo5 192.168.5.1 255.255.255.0

R3 S0/0/1 192.168.23.2 255.255.255.252

Objectives
Part 1: Build the Network and Configure Basic Device Settings
Part 2: Configure a Multi-area OSPFv2 Network
Part 3: Exploring LSAs and Configure Stub and Totally Stub Area

Background / Scenario
To make OSPF more efficient and scalable, OSPF supports hierarchical routing using the concept
of areas. An OSPF area is a group of routers that share the same link-state information in their
link-state databases (LSDBs). When a large OSPF area is divided into smaller areas, it is called
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multi-area OSPF. Multi-area OSPF is useful in larger network deployments to reduce processing
and memory overhead.
In the lab, you will configure a multi-area OSPFv2 network, Explore type of LSAs and Configure
Stub and Totally Stub Area.
Required Resources
▪ 3 Routers (Cisco 1941 with Cisco IOS Release 15.2(4)M3 universal image or comparable)
▪ Console cables to configure the Cisco IOS devices via the console ports
▪ Serial cables as shown in the topology

Part 1: Build the Network and Configure Basic Device Settings

In Part 1, you will set up the network topology and configure basic settings on the routers.

Step 1: Cable the network as shown in the topology.

Step 2: Configure basic settings for each router.

a. Disable DNS lookup (no ip domain-lookup)

b. Configure device name, as shown in the topology.
c. Configure the IP addresses listed in the Addressing Table for all interfaces.

Step 3: Verify Layer 3 connectivity.

Use the show ip interface brief command to verify that the IP addressing is correct and that the
interfaces are active. Verify that each router can ping their neighbor’s serial interface.

Part 2: Configure a Multi-area OSPFv2 Network

In Part 2, you will configure a multi-area OSPFv2 network with a process ID of 1. All LAN
loopback interfaces should be passive.

Step 1: Identify the OSPF router types in the topology.

Identify the Backbone router(s): __________________________________________
Identify the Autonomous System Boundary Router(s) (ASBR): __________________
Identify the Area Border Router(s) (ABR): __________________________________
Identify the Internal router(s): ____________________________________________

Step 2: Configure OSPF on R1.

a. Configure a router ID of 1.1.1.1 with OSPF process ID of 1. Write the commands used here:
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________

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b. Add the networks for R1 to OSPF. Write the commands used here:
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

c. Set LAN loopback interfaces, Lo1 and Lo2, as passive. Write the commands used here:
_________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

d. Create a default route to the Internet using exit interface Lo0. Write the commands used here:
_______________________________________________________________

Note: You may see the “%Default route without gateway, if not a point-to-point interface, may
impact performance” message. This is normal behavior if using a Loopback interface to simulate
a default route.

e. Configure OSPF to propagate the routes throughout the OSPF areas. Write the commands
used here:
___________________________________________________
____________________________________________________

Step 3: Configure OSPF on R2.

a. Configure a router ID of 2.2.2.2 with OSPF process ID of 1. Write the commands used here:
___________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________

b. Add the networks for R2 to OSPF. Add the networks to the correct area. Write the commands
used here:
____________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________

c. Set all LAN loopback interfaces as passive. Write the commands used here:
_____________________________________________________________________

Step 4: Configure OSPF on R3.

a. Configure a router ID of 3.3.3.3 with OSPF process ID of 1. Write the commands used here:
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

b. Add the networks for R3 to OSPF. Write the commands used here:
__________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

c. Set all LAN loopback interfaces as passive. Write the commands used here:

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________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________

Step 5: Verify that OSPF settings are correct and adjacencies have been
established between routers.
a. Issue the show ip protocols command to verify OSPF settings on each router. Use this
command to identify the OSPF router types and to determine the networks assigned to each area.

What is the OSPF router type for each router?

R1: ____________________________________
R2: ____________________________________
R3: ____________________________________

b. Use the show ip ospf neighbor detail command to get additional information about neighbor adjacencies
c. Issue the show ip ospf neighbor command to verify that OSPF adjacencies have been
established between routers.

Reflection:
What are three advantages for designing a network with multi-area OSPF?
____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________

Part 3: Exploring LSAs, Configure Stub and Totally Stub area

Step 1: Verifying OSPF and Exploring LSAs on R3.

R3 is an internal router and generates type 1 LSAs. It is also the DR on the link connecting to R2
and therefore generates type 2 LSAs.

a. On R3, display the list of neighbors using the show ip ospf neighbors command.

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b. On R3, verify the OSPF routing table using the show ip route ospf | begin Gateway
command. How many interarea networks and external OSPF network are listed by the routing
table ?____________________________________________________________.

c. R3 learned about these networks from LSAs. A router maintains a LSDB for each area it has
interfaces in. Because R3 is an internal OSPF router, it will only have entries for Area 3. To
display the contents of the LSDB of R3, use the show ip ospf database command.

Notice how the command output is divided into the following five sections, indicate the type of
LSA:
o Router Link States : ______________________________________________________
o Net Link States: _________________________________________________________
o Summary Net Link States: _________________________________________________
o Summary ASB Link States:________________________________________________
o Type-5 AS External Link States:____________________________________________

d. Additional information about the Router Link States type 1 LSA can be gathered using the
show ip ospf database router command. The output provides more information about the type
1 LSAs.

e. To learn more about type 2 network LSAs, use show ip ospf database network command.
The content of the type 2 LSA describes the network segment listing the DR address, the
attached routers, and subnet mask using CIDR notation.

f. To learn more about type 3 summary LSAs, use show ip ospf database summary
command. The output lists four type LSAs. The LSAs identify the interarea networks, which
ABR advertised, and the network mask using CIDR notation.

g. To learn more about type 4 summary LSAs, use show ip ospf database asbr-summary
command. The output lists one type 4 LSA.

h. Finally, to learn more about type 5 AS external link LSAs, use show ip ospf database
external command. The output lists one type 5 LSA identifying that 0.0.0.0/0.

Step 2: Verifying OSPF and exploring LSAs on an ABR R2.

R2 is an ABR with interfaces in Area 0 and Area 3. Therefore, R2 will have two LSDBs.
Display the LSDB on R2.
As you did on R3, to learn more about each LSA type, use the following commands:
a. show ip ospf database
b. show ip ospf database router
c. show ip ospf database network
d. show ip ospf database summary
e. show ip ospf database asbr-summary
f. show ip ospf database external

Step 3: Verifying OSPF and exploring LSAs on an ASBR R1.

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R1 is an ASBR with interfaces in Area 0, Area 1 and an external non-OSPF network.
Display the LSDB on R1.
As you did on R3, to learn more about each LSA type, use the following commands:
a. show ip ospf database
b. show ip ospf database router
c. show ip ospf database network
d. show ip ospf database summary
e. show ip ospf database asbr-summary
f. show ip ospf database external

Step 4: Configure Stub area

a. On R3, check the routing table by using show ip route ospf command to note all routes.

b. On R3, before configure stub area, please use show ip route summary command to see the
total load of the routing table in RAM. _______________________________________

c. On R2 and R3, configure area 3 as a stub area. Write the commands used here:
__________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
d. After, check again the routing table on R3 by using show ip route ospf command. What’s
changed ? ___________________________________________________and what type of
LSA(s) is missing ?_______________________________________________

e. Then use show ip route summary command to see the new total load of the routing table in
RAM. _______________________________________

f. What can you conclude ?

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Step 5: Configure Totally Stub area
a. Check the routing table by using show ip route ospf command to note all routes.

b. Before configure stub area, please use show ip route summary command to see the total
load of the routing table in RAM. _______________________________________

c. On R2, configure area 3 as a Totally stub area. Write the commands used here:
__________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

d. After, check again the routing table on R3 by using show ip route ospf command. What’s
changed ? ___________________________________________________and what type of
LSA is missing ?_________________________________________________

e. Then use show ip route summary command to see the new total load of the routing table in
RAM. _______________________________________

f. What can you conclude ?__________________________________________________