At the end of this lesson, the students will be able to:

• understand both the artistry and utility of the English

language through the study of literature and other
contemporary forms of culture;
• explain the significance of studying Philippine Literature;
and
• define literary genres, types, and elements.
Source: https://beta.tourism.gov.ph/

The Philippines is an archipelago of 7,641

islands that are categorized broadly under
the three main geographical divisions from
north to south: Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao.
It stretches from the south of China to the
northern tip of Borneo. The country has over a
hundred ethnic groups and a mixture of
foreign influences that have molded a unique
Filipino culture.
Other Sources:
• https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/lifestyle/content/867
836/does-the-philippines-still-have-7-107-islands-kuya-
kim-answers/story/
• https://www.isdpe.com.pk/philippines.htm#:~:text=The%2
0Philippines%20is%20an%20archipelago,the%20norther
n%20tip%20of%20Borneo.
The Philippine Peso (sign: ₱; code:
PHP) is the official currency in the
country. 100 centavos or sentimos
make up 1 peso.
The Spaniards introduced Christianity (the Roman
Catholic faith) and succeeded in converting the
overwhelming majority of Filipinos.
The American occupation was responsible for
teaching the Filipino people the English
language.
Christianity was introduced as early as the
16th century with the coming of Ferdinand
Magellan in 1521.
Filipinos value traditions and
culture.
For Filipinos, traditions in their
home and in their family are
important. They usually set aside
a specific day for a certain
celebration like festivals,
birthday parties, reunions, etc.
Every gathering is dedicated to
keeping up with each other over
sumptuous food.
Filipinos have the longest Christmas celebrations—
ever
• Even as early as August, you can hear Christmas songs
and jingles being played in the malls or in the
restaurants in the Philippines. The mood becomes festive,
with many people shopping and in good spirits.
Christmas celebrations last until around the first or
second week of January.
• Christmas is one of the most loved celebrations by
Filipinos. Families and relatives gather on the 24th of
December, to celebrate food prepared for “Noche
Buena,” a Spanish term which means “midnight meal”
to greet Christmas Day.
• New Year is another
celebration that gathers
Filipino families. Wearing
dotted clothes and preparing
round fruits on the table,
which symbolize prosperity, is
one of the many customs of
the Filipinos.
Filipinos love to sing.
This is the reason why karaoke
has become so prevalent. As part
of their recreation, Filipinos spend
some quality time with their
families or friends singing or
belting out new and old songs.
Filipinos take pride in their families.
In the Philippines, it is family first. So whether you are
part of the immediate family or belong to the third or
fourth generation, you are treated as a family
member. Sometimes, even the closest of friends are
considered family, too.
Filipinos are very respectful.
From the moment they are born
into this world, they are already
taught how to be respectful by
using these simple catchphrases—
po and opo, words that end
sentences when addressing elders.
They have a culture
of pagmamano, which is where
they raise the backs of the hands
of their elders to their foreheads
as a sign of respect.
Filipinos help one another.
More popularly known
as bayanihan, Filipinos help one
another—without expecting
anything in return—so that
undertaking their tasks and
responsibilities becomes much
easier. Sometimes this is called
“community spirit.”
• Attending kindergarten helps set a strong
foundation for your children’s development
by placing them in a nurturing, non-
competitive environment, and using
engaging activities that help children learn
about fundamental knowledge.
• Here, they are introduced to basic numbers,
shapes, and words, which are important in
helping them grow as a learner. For
learning literacy, lessons are done through
drawing, coloring, listening to stories, word
cards, and other engaging activities.
Formal Introductions and
Negotiations.
Known in Tagalog as pamamanhikan,
this acts as the first official step in a
Filipino wedding. It could take place
months or weeks before the ceremony,
and involves the couple's families
meeting each other for an official
proposal—though the specifics behind
this custom can vary based on the
couple's region of origin.
Parental Blessings.
During the ceremony, the couple asks
for blessings from their parents by
either kissing their hands or touching
the back of their parents' hands to
their own foreheads. Depending on
the religion, the parents will utter
phrases in return. In Filipino-Muslim
weddings, the groom kisses his father-
in-law’s hand.
The Nikah is the main ceremony in a
Muslim wedding. In this ceremony, the
bride and the groom sign a contract,
along with two witnesses, consenting to
the marriage.
The signing of the contract during the
Nikah ceremony legalizes the marriage
under Islamic law (and Muslim Personal
Law in the Philippines) and legitimizes the
union in front of God.
Muslim wedding ceremonies in the Philippines
are usually held in a mosque followed by
celebrations at home or a rented venue.
However, it is also possible to conduct the Nikah
ceremony at your chosen venue or, for
more intimate weddings, at the bride’s home.
Venues are usually adorned with flowers and
candles and other décor fitting the couple’s
motif. There will be seats on each side of an
aisle for friends and family. In front of them is a
platform where the bride and groom sit facing
their guests.
• The Nikah ceremony is facilitated by an
Imam, who also typically draws up the
contract. While only two witnesses are
required, the couple’s relatives and friends
may also be present at the ceremony.
• The Nikah in the Philippines may also
feature elements or practices from non-
Muslim weddings, such as the bridal party
and the bride walking down the aisle.
However, central to this ceremony is the
Imam’s recitation of parts of the Quran and
their blessing or Du’aa for the couple.
• kilala sa tawag na "Aling Bebang”
• ipinanganak noong Enero 13, 1915.
Nagtapos ng Batsilyer sa Sekondaryang
Edukasyon, Medyor sa Ingles at Doktorado
sa Unibersidad ng Santo Tomas.
• Naging guro ng apatnapu't anim na taon
sa Pamantasang Normal ng Pilipinas.
 Nagkamit siya ng Don Carlos Palanca
Memorial Awards for Literature mula sa
kanyang mga akdang Parusa (1961),
Paglalayag ng Puso ng Isang Bata (1995) at
Kwento ni Mabuti (1950) na nagbibigay sa
kanya ng titulo bilang kauna-unahang
babaeng nakapag-uwi ng parangal sa
larangan ng maikling kwento.
• Nakamit din niya ang Republic Literature
Awards ng National Commission for Culture
and the Arts.
• Nagkamit din siya ng Kalinangan Award ng
Maynila 1967, Gawad Pambansang Alagad
ni Balagtas ng Unyon ng mga Manunulat sa
Pilipinas 1988 at Gawad CCP para sa
Sining, 1992 at ginawaran din siya ng
Lifetime Achievement Award for Literature.
• Nagsilbi siyang Tagapayo ng Pilipino Section ng
The Torch Newsette.
• Bagama't pumanaw noong Marso 21, 2009,
patuloy pa rin ang kanyang pakikihamok sa pag-
alab ng pagmamahal sa panitikan ng kanyang mga
akda.
• Sa kasalukuyan, taunang inilulunsad ng The Torch
ang Gawad Genoveva Edroza-Matute bilang
parangal sa mga natatanging iskolar-manunulat sa
loob ng Pamantasang Normal ng Pilipinas -
Maynila.
• Ipinanganak si Rogelio “Roger” R. Sicat noong Hunyo
26, 1940 sa San Isidro Nueva Ecija.
• Anak siya nina Estanislao Sicat, isang makata at
Crisanta Rodriguez.
• Isang premyadong nobelista, kuwentista, mandudula,
at tagasalin; at naging guro ng panitikan, malikhaing
pagsulat, wika at pagsasalin sa Departamento ng
Filipino at Panitikan ng Pilipinas, Kolehiyo ng Arte at
Literatura, Unibersidad ng Pilipinas, Diliman.
• Lumabas ang mga maikling kuwento ni Roger Sicat
sa antolohiyang Mga Agos sa Disyerto noong 1965,
kasama ang akda ng iba pang mga kasabayang
manunulat at kuwentista tulad nina Edgardo Reyes,
Efren Abueg, Dominador Mirasol, at Rogelio
Ordonez. Katulad nila, nakamarka na sa mga
pahina ng kasaysayan ng panitikan ng Pilipinas ang
mga likhang akda at hinubog na tauhan ni Roger
Sicat.
• Habang nag-aaral sa kolehiyo, naisulat niya ang
kanyang unang maikling kuwentong Impeng
Negro (1962) na tungkol sa halaga at tagumpay ng
pakikipagtunggali. Nagwagi ang kuwentong ito sa
Gawad Palanca para sa pagsulat ng maikling
kuwento. Sa sumunod na taon, naisulat naman niya
ang klasikong akdang Tata Selo (1963) na tumalakay
naman sa usaping agraryo sa bansa.
• https://beta.tourism.gov.ph/about-the-philippines/
• https://www.brides.com/filipino-wedding-traditions-5086934
• https://www.facebook.com/thetorchpnu/posts/sino-si-genoveva-edroza-matute-
kilala-sa-tawag-na-aling-bebang-ipinanganak-si-ge/2026368357478395/
• https://gawadrogeliosicat2016.wordpress.com/
• https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/geography/countries/article/philippines
• https://www.nuptials.ph/muslim-wedding-traditions/
• https://reedleyschool.edu.ph/blog/kindergarten-education-
philippines/#:~:text=Introduces%20basic%20literacy%20and%20numeracy%2
0skills&text=Here%2C%20they%20are%20introduced%20to,cards%2C%20an
d%20other%20engaging%20activities