Name: Memorandum

Gr 10 Date: Time: 2HR

CAPS Reference
Functions
Topic Parabolic Function

2.1 𝒇𝒇(𝒙𝒙) = −𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 + 𝟒𝟒

𝑦𝑦 − 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖; 𝑥𝑥 = 0
U 𝑥𝑥 − 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖; 𝑦𝑦 = 0
𝑦𝑦 = −(0)2 + 4 0 = −𝑥𝑥 2 + 4
=4 0 = −(𝑥𝑥 2 − 4)
(0; 4) 0 = −(𝑥𝑥 + 2)(𝑥𝑥 − 2)
0 = (𝑥𝑥 + 2)(𝑥𝑥 − 2)
𝑥𝑥 + 2 = 0 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑥𝑥 − 2 = 0
𝑥𝑥 = −2 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑥𝑥 = 2
(−2; 0) 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 (2; 0)

a) 𝑦𝑦 ∈ (4; −∞)
b) (0; 4)
c) 𝑥𝑥 < −2 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑥𝑥 > 2; 𝑥𝑥 ∈ 𝑅𝑅
d) ℎ(𝑥𝑥) = 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) + 2
= −𝑥𝑥 2 + 4 + 𝟐𝟐
2
= −𝑥𝑥 + 6
2.2 𝒈𝒈(𝒙𝒙) = −𝟑𝟑𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 + 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐

𝑦𝑦 − 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖; 𝑥𝑥 = 0 𝑥𝑥 − 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖; 𝑦𝑦 = 0
𝑦𝑦 = −3(0)2 + 27 0 = −3𝑥𝑥 2 + 27
= 27 0 = −3(𝑥𝑥 2 − 9)
(0; 27) 0 = −3(𝑥𝑥 + 3)(𝑥𝑥 − 3)
0 = (𝑥𝑥 + 3)(𝑥𝑥 − 3)
𝑥𝑥 + 3 = 0 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑥𝑥 − 3 = 0
𝑥𝑥 = −3 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑥𝑥 = 3
(−3; 0) 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 (3; 0)

a) 𝑦𝑦 ∈ (27; −∞)
b) (0; 27)
c) 𝑥𝑥 = 0
d) 𝑥𝑥 ≤ −3 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑥𝑥 ≥ 3; 𝑥𝑥 ∈ 𝑅𝑅
e) ℎ(𝑥𝑥) = −𝑔𝑔(𝑥𝑥) − 2
= −(3𝑥𝑥 2 + 27) − 𝟐𝟐
= −3𝑥𝑥 2 − 27 − 2
= −3𝑥𝑥 2 − 29
 𝟏𝟏
2.3 𝒇𝒇(𝒙𝒙) = 𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 − 𝟏𝟏
𝟐𝟐

𝑦𝑦 − 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖; 𝑥𝑥 = 0 𝑥𝑥 − 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖; 𝑦𝑦 = 0
1 1
𝑦𝑦 = 2 (0)2 − 1 0 = 2 𝑥𝑥 2 − 1

= −1 × 2) 0 = 𝑥𝑥 2 − 2
(0; −1) 2 = 𝑥𝑥 2

∓ √2 = 𝑥𝑥

𝑥𝑥 = −√2 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑥𝑥 = √2

�−√2; 0� 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 (√2; 0)

a) 𝑦𝑦 ∈ (−1; ∞)
b) (0; −1)
c) 𝑥𝑥 ≤ √2 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑥𝑥 ≥ −√2; 𝑥𝑥 ∈ 𝑅𝑅
1 2
d) ℎ(𝑥𝑥) = 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) + 3 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) = 𝑥𝑥 − 1
2
1
= 𝑥𝑥 2 − 1 + 𝟑𝟑 −1: Is the minimum value of the function
2
1 2 and the starting point of the range.
= 𝑥𝑥 + 2
2
∴ 𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹: 𝒚𝒚 ∈ (𝟐𝟐; ∞)
Therefore you could calculate the new range
as such −1 + 3 = 2
 𝟏𝟏
2.4 𝒈𝒈(𝒙𝒙) = − 𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 + 𝟐𝟐
𝟑𝟑

𝑦𝑦 − 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖; 𝑥𝑥 = 0 𝑥𝑥 − 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖; 𝑦𝑦 = 0
1 1
𝑦𝑦 = − 3 (0)2 + 2 0 = − 3 𝑥𝑥 2 + 2

=2 × −3) 0 = 𝑥𝑥 2 − 6
(0; 2) 6 = 𝑥𝑥 2

∓ √6 = 𝑥𝑥

𝑥𝑥 = −√6 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑥𝑥 = 6

�−√6; 0� 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 (√6; 0)

a) 𝑦𝑦 ∈ (2; −∞)
b) (0; 2)
c) −√6 < 𝑥𝑥 < √6; 𝑥𝑥 ∈ 𝑅𝑅
d) 𝑥𝑥 = 0 1
e) ℎ(𝑥𝑥) = −𝑔𝑔(𝑥𝑥) + 1 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) = − 𝑥𝑥 2 + 2
3
1
= − �− 𝑥𝑥 2 +2:2�Is + 𝟏𝟏 maximum value of the function and
the
3
1 the starting point of the range.
= 𝑥𝑥 2 − 2 + 1
3
1
= 𝑥𝑥 2 − 1
3 Therefore you could calculate the new range
as such −(2) + 1 = −1
∴ 𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹: 𝒚𝒚 ∈ (−𝟏𝟏; ∞)
4.1

Step 1: Substitute the turning point (0; 2)

𝑦𝑦 = 𝑎𝑎𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝑞𝑞

𝑦𝑦 = 𝑎𝑎𝑥𝑥 2 + 2

Step 2: Substitute the given coordinate (1; 3)

𝑦𝑦 = 𝑎𝑎𝑥𝑥 2 + 2

3 = 𝑎𝑎(1)2 + 2

3 = 𝑎𝑎 + 2
𝑎𝑎 = 3 − 2
𝑎𝑎 = 1
Step 3: Substitute 𝑎𝑎 in to the equation.

𝒇𝒇(𝒙𝒙) = 𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 + 𝟐𝟐

4.2

Step 1: Substitute the turning point (0; 5)

𝑦𝑦 = 𝑎𝑎𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝑞𝑞

𝑦𝑦 = 𝑎𝑎𝑥𝑥 2 + 5

Step 2: Substitute the given coordinate (−1; 8)

𝑦𝑦 = 𝑎𝑎𝑥𝑥 2 + 5

8 = 𝑎𝑎(−1)2 + 5
8 = 1𝑎𝑎 + 5
𝑎𝑎 = 8 − 5
𝑎𝑎 = 3

Step 3: Substitute 𝑎𝑎 in to the equation.

𝒇𝒇(𝒙𝒙) = 𝟑𝟑𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 + 𝟓𝟓
4.3

Step 1: Substitute the turning point (0; 10)

𝑦𝑦 = 𝑎𝑎𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝑞𝑞

𝑦𝑦 = 𝑎𝑎𝑥𝑥 2 + 10

Step 2: Substitute the given coordinate (2; 6)

𝑦𝑦 = 𝑎𝑎𝑥𝑥 2 + 10

6 = 𝑎𝑎(2)2 + 10

6 = 4𝑎𝑎 + 10
4𝑎𝑎 = 6 − 10
4𝑎𝑎 = −4
−4
𝑎𝑎 =
4
𝑎𝑎 = −1

Step 3: Substitute 𝑎𝑎 in to the equation.

𝒇𝒇(𝒙𝒙) = −𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 + 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏

4.4

Step 1: Substitute the 𝑥𝑥 − 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖(−2; 0) 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 (2; 0)

𝑦𝑦 = 𝑎𝑎(𝑥𝑥 − 𝑥𝑥1 )(𝑥𝑥 − 𝑥𝑥2 )

𝑦𝑦 = 𝑎𝑎(𝑥𝑥 − (−2))(𝑥𝑥 − 2)
𝑦𝑦 = 𝑎𝑎(𝑥𝑥 + 2)(𝑥𝑥 − 2)

Step 2: Substitute the given coordinate (1; −6)

−6 = 𝑎𝑎(1 + 2)(1 − 2)
−6 = 𝑎𝑎(3)(−1)
−6 = −3𝑎𝑎
−6
= 𝑎𝑎
−3
2 = 𝑎𝑎

Step 3: Substitute 𝑎𝑎 in to the equation.

𝑦𝑦 = 𝑎𝑎(𝑥𝑥 + 2)(𝑥𝑥 − 2)
𝑦𝑦 = 2(𝑥𝑥 + 2)(𝑥𝑥 − 2)

𝑦𝑦 = 2(𝑥𝑥 2 − 4)

𝑦𝑦 = 2𝑥𝑥 2 − 8

𝒇𝒇(𝒙𝒙) = 𝟐𝟐𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 − 𝟖𝟖
4.5

Step 1: Substitute the 𝑥𝑥 − 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖(−6; 0) 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 (6; 0)

𝑦𝑦 = 𝑎𝑎(𝑥𝑥 − 𝑥𝑥1 )(𝑥𝑥 − 𝑥𝑥2 )

𝑦𝑦 = 𝑎𝑎(𝑥𝑥 − (−6))(𝑥𝑥 − 6)
𝑦𝑦 = 𝑎𝑎(𝑥𝑥 + 6)(𝑥𝑥 − 6)

Step 2: Substitute the given coordinate (−4; −20)

−20 = 𝑎𝑎(−4 + 6)(−4 − 6)

−20 = 𝑎𝑎(2)(−20)
−20 = −20𝑎𝑎
−20
= 𝑎𝑎
−20
1 = 𝑎𝑎

Step 3: Substitute 𝑎𝑎 in to the equation.

𝑦𝑦 = 𝑎𝑎(𝑥𝑥 + 6)(𝑥𝑥 − 6)
𝑦𝑦 = 1(𝑥𝑥 + 6)(𝑥𝑥 − 6)

𝑦𝑦 = 1(𝑥𝑥 2 − 36)

𝑦𝑦 = 𝑥𝑥 2 − 36

𝒇𝒇(𝒙𝒙) = 𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 − 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑