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Is used for permanent states, repeated actions and daily routines

Is used for general truths and laws of nature

Is used for timetables (trains, planes, etc.) and programs

Is used for sport commentaries, reviews and narration

Is used for actions taking place now, at the moment of speaking, or for temporary actions; that is
actions that are going on around now, but not at the actual moment of speaking

Is used with always when we want to express our irritation at actions which happen too often.

Is used for actions that we have already arranged to do in the near future, especially when the time
and place have been decided

Is used for changing and developing situations

Is used to describe an action which started in the past an continues up to the present, especially with
the state verbs, such as have, like, know, be, etc. In this case we often use for and since

Is used for an action which has been recently finished and whose result (often desired) is visible in
the present

Is used to describe experience, change over time and accomplishments

Is used for an action which happened in an unstated time in the past. The exact time is not
important, so it is not mentioned. The emphasis is on the action

Is used for an action which has happened within a specific time period, which is not over at the
moment at the moment of speaking, such as today, this morning/afternoon/week/month/year, etc.

Is used to put emphasis on the duration of an action which started in the past and continues up to
the present, especially with the time expressions such as for, since, all morning/day/week, etc.

Is used for an action which started and finished in the past and lasted for some time. The (unwanted)
result is visible in the present.

Is used to express anger, annoyance or irritation.


Red: tell about your worst travel experience

Green: the best dish you have ever tried while travelling

Yellow: what place would you revisit again?

Orange: who would you take with you on your next adventure?

Purple: where would you never like to travel and why?

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