Q2 BIO
If a cell were a house, The ______ would be walls
with windows and doors
Plasma Membrane
occurs when substances cross the plasma membrane
without any input of energy from the cell.
Passive transport
No energy is needed because the substances are
moving from an area where they have a _____
concentration to an area where they have a ____
concentration.
Higher>Lower
is the net movement of water across a semipermeable
membrane Osmosis
from an area of lower solute concentration
to an area of higher solute concentration. It is
therefore a special type of diffusion - the diffusion of
water molecules across a membrane
Osmosis
A solution that has a higher solute concentration than
another solution. Water particles will move out of the
cell, causing crenation.
Hypertonic solution
Diffusion with the help of transport proteins is called
facilitated diffusion
Water is stored in the what part of the plant cell.
Central vacuole
occurs when energy is needed for a substance to move
across a plasma membrane. Energy is needed because
the substance is moving from an area of lower
concentration to an area of higher concentration.
Active transport
requires energy, so it is also a form of active transport
Vesicle Transport
Being semi-permeable, allowing some substances to
pass through while others cannot.
Plasma Membrane
refers to the number of particles of a substance per
unit of volume
Concentration
is the movement of a substance across a membrane,
due to a difference in concentration, without any help
from other molecules.
Diffusion
The ability of an extracellular solution to make water
move into or out of a cell by osmosis.
Tonicity
A solution that has the same solute concentration as
another solution. There is no net movement of water
particles, and the overall concentration on both sides
of the cell membrane remains constant.
Isotonic solution
form pores, or tiny holes, in the membrane. This
allows water molecules and small ions to pass through
the membrane without coming into contact with the
hydrophobic tails of the lipid molecules in the interior
of the membrane.
Channel proteins
bind with specific ions or molecules, and in doing so,
they change shape. As they change shape, they carry
the ions or molecules across the membrane.
Carrier proteins
The energy for active transport comes from the
energy-carrying molecule called
ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
is the type of vesicle transport that moves a substance
into the cell. The plasma membrane completely
engulfs the substance, a vesicle pinches off from the
membrane, and the vesicle carries the substance into
the cell.
Endocytosis
Moving things in and out of the cell is an important
role of the ______ to maintain homeostasis. It
controls everything that enters and leaves the cell.
Plasma Membrane
The more particles of a substance in a given volume,
the ____ the concentration
Higher
is a just a region of space over which the
concentration of a substance changes, and substances
will naturally move down their gradients, from an
area of higher to an area of lower concentration.
Concentration gradient
describes the total concentration of solutes in a
solution.
Osmolarity
A solution with a low osmolarity has ___ solute
particles per liter of solution, while a solution with a
___ osmolarity has more solute particles per liter of
solution.
Low osmo > fewer
High osmo > more
A solution that has a lower solute concentration than
another solution. Water particles will move into the
cell, causing the cell to expand and eventually lyse.
Hypotonic solution
moves sodium and potassium ions against large
concentration gradients. It moves two potassium ions
into the cell where potassium levels are high, and
pumps three sodium ions out of the cell and into the
extracellular fluid.
Sodium-Potassium Pump
Some molecules, such as proteins, are too large to
pass through the plasma membrane, regardless of
their concentration inside and outside the cell. Very
large molecules cross the plasma membrane with a
different sort of help, called
Vesicle Transport
is the type of vesicle transport that moves a substance
out of the cell. A vesicle containing the substance
moves through the cytoplasm to the cell membrane.
Then, the vesicle membrane fuses with the cell
membrane, and the substance is released outside the
cell.
Exocytosis
9. The process of assimilating large substances into a
cell by phagocytosis or pinocytosis is
Endocytosis
10. The movement of molecules or substances across
a cell membrane without the use of energy is called

1. The process by which waste are package in vesicles
and released through the cell membrane is called
Exocytosis
passive transport
11. The osmotic pressure exerted by the contents of a
plant cell against its cell wall is

turgor pressure
2. It is the force or pressure created against the cell
membrane by the movement of waterduring osmosis
is known as 12. The movement of solutes or fluids into a cell;
"cell drinking" is known as
Osmotic pressure
Pinocytosis

3. The movement of molecules or substances across a

cell membrane with the use of energy(ATP) is 13. The movement of water molecules through a
referred to as semi-permeable membrane is called

active transport Osmosis

4. The process in which a cell engulfs large objects

such as bacteria and other food particles. Also known
as "cell eating" is

Phagocytosis

5. It is a condition characterized by lower osmotic

pressure inside the cell compared to that of the
surrounding or fluid outside the cell is

Hypertonic

6. A condition in the cell in which the concentration

of solute molecules inside and outside are equal or the
same is called

Isotonic

7. The bursting of a cell due to excessive intake of

water is

Cytolysis

8. The shrinking of a cell; the wilting of a plant cell

due to loss of turgor pressure is known as

Plasmolysis