BIOLOGY AND EPIDEMIOLOGY Epidemiological Principles and Methods Are

Applied In:
TOPIC
• Clinical Research
SUB-TOPIC
• Disease Prevention
• Health Promotion
Epidemiology • Health Protection nd
• Health Services Research
• Is the basic science of preventive and social
medicine. MODERN EPIDEMIOLOGY
• The word epidemiology is derived from • Infectious Disease Epidemiology
Greek words: • Chronic Disease Epidemiology
o Epi = “upon” • Clinical Epidemiology
o Demos = “people” • Genetic Epidemiology
o Logos = “study” • Occupational Epidemiology
• This broad definition of epidemiology can • Cancer Epidemiology
be further elaborated as follows:
• Neuro-Epidemiology
o Study
▪ Includes: surveillance, Ultimate Aim of Epidemiology
observation, hypothesis
• To eliminate of reduce the health problems
testing, analytic research, and
of community.
experiments.
o Distribution • To promote health and well-being of society
▪ refers to the analysis of: time, as a whole.
person, places, and classes of
people affected.
o Determinants
▪ Includes factors that
influence health: biological,
chemical, physical, social,
cultural, economic, genetic,
and behavioral.
o Health-related stated and events
▪ refer to” diseases, cause of
death, behaviors such as use
of tobacco, positive health
states, reactions to preventive
regimes, and provision and
use of health services.
o Specified populations
▪ Include those identifiable
characteristics, such as
occupational groups.
o Application to prevention and
control
▪ The aims of public health – to
promote, protect, and restore
health.