Appropriate building technology refers to building

processes and tools that are appropriate to:-

• Climate
• Socio-economic conditions
• Natural resources of an area
which contribute to sustainable development.

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Appropriate Architecture or Green Architecture:-
used for integration into construction of all separate technologies and
disciplines involved in research of built environment and promotion
of sustainable solutions.

Housing Design
 Housing design involves
• Form • Ventilation
• Dimensions • Orientation
• Natural Lighting
• Spatial organization of dwellings…
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 Universal Design
 Universal design entails design of products and environments
to be usable by all people and greatest extent possible without
need for adaptation or specialized design.

 Principle One: Equitable Use.

 Principle Two: Flexibility in Use.
 Principle Three: Simple and Intuitive Use.
 Principle Four: Perceptible Information.
 Principle Five: Tolerance for Error.
 Principle Six: Low Physical Effort.
 Principle Seven: Size and Space for Approach and Use

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 Construction technology involves
Choice of building materials
Technique used to erect house.

 As with housing design process, consideration of contextual

conditions is crucial in developing appropriate construction
technologies.
 Any selected technology must be constantly reviewed and upgraded
during construction process.

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Appropriate building technology includes
• AP Building Material
• Solid Waste Management
• Non Conventional Energy Resources
• Indoor Air Quality
• Site Selection
• Water Use Efficiency
• Waste Water Recycling
• Water Harvesting
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 "Sustainable development is development
that meets the needs of the present
without compromising the ability of future
generations to meet their own needs."
Brundtland Report, United Nations 1987

The two key concepts

 the concept of 'needs', in particular the essential needs of the world's poor

 the idea of limitations imposed by the state of technology and social

organization on the environment's ability to meet present and future needs.
Sustainable Architecture means;
the existing or proposed building should be
environmentally conscious, as well as it
should obey with the principles of economic,
social, and ecological sustainability in that
particular area of the country.
Sustainable architecture - a reaction to global environmental crises:

 growth of economic activity and human population

 depletion of natural resources
 damage to ecosystems
 loss of biodiversity

sustainable architecture must create:

 dynamic balance between economy and society,

 generate long-term relationships between user and object
 consider respectful environmental and social differences
vernacular architecture – examples for sustainable architecture
sustainable architecture – should…
 be a stable feature of design considerations
 be a homogeneous element integrated in
construction planning and choice of material
 harmonize the relationship between human
and buildings, and between buildings and
environment
 utilize appropriate techniques
 realize energy conservation
 be high efficient, consider a high quality and
low pollution
 implementation of the site, considering four
main aspects • community connectivity
• Light
• Temperature
• water
Community connectivity

 Existing infrastructure reduce the impact on undisturbed

lands

 well-developed areas reducing transportation between

activities

 difficult transportation to
the site reduce benefits
for construction

 connection between the

inhabitants
Water
 impervious surfaces increase
in storm-water runoff
 results are:
erosion, waterway sedimentation,
water pollution
 use of potable water for irrigation
increase the demand on local
potable water supplies - especially
for vegetation types not adapted
to the site
 also the use of potable water for the removal of wastewater

 These issues can be minimized with the proper use of rainwater and grey-water
collection and treatment systems.
 Light and temperature
 Each site and the surrounding regional area react differently
on a daily, seasonally and yearly basis.

 These characteristics are to be identified, to provide a building that adequately

creates a microclimate that suits the building’s occupants.

 In a cold climate, it entail to keep the

heat, the opposite is to achieve in a
hot climate and in a temperate
climate, the task is more particular
because of seasonal changes.

 Another issue is the use of natural

light to reduce the impacts of
artificial light, which impact buildings
in multiple ways.
economic environmental
well being well being

social
well being
 $  ability of an economy to support a
defined level of economic production
economic
indefinitely.
sustainability

includes:
 creation of new markets and
opportunities for sales growth.

 cost reduction through efficiency

improvements and reduced energy and
raw material inputs.

 creation of additional added value.

  ability of the environment to support a
defined level of environmental quality
environmental
and natural resource extraction rates
sustainability
indefinitely

includes:
 reduced waste, effluent generation,
emissions to environment

 reduced impact on human health

 use of renewable raw materials

 elimination of toxic substances

  It is significance to understand the factors
affecting and changing the environment to
formulate strategies which influence these
environmental
changes in a desirable orientation.
sustainability
involves:
 decisions and actions in the interests of protecting
the natural world

 particular emphasizing – to preserve the capability

of the environment to support human life

 Cost reduction through efficiency improvements

and reduced energy and raw material inputs

 creation of additional added value

 task of architects:
develop suitable ideas as to how their building will fit
into the environment
environmental
sustainability  harmonizing with the environment
 consciously creating some accentuated
relationship to the environment
 ability of a social system, such as
a country, family or organization,
to function at a defined level of
social well being and harmony
indefinitely

includes:

 worker’s health and safety

 impacts on local communities

and cheer their quality of life

 benefits to disabled people

  Social sustainability is about
people’s quality of life, now and
in the future.
It describe the extend to which a
neighborhood supports individual
and collective well-being.

 Social sustainability combines design of the physical environment with a

focus on how the people who live in and use a space relate to each other
and function as a community.

 It is enhanced by development which provides the right infrastructure to

support a strong social and cultural life, opportunities for people to get
involved, and scope for the place and the community to evolve.
The three sustainable dimensions:
The economy exists within a society, and both, economy and society,
exist within the environment.

economy

society

environment
 Pyramid of
Sustainability

economic dimension

social dimension

environmental dimension
 WE NEED A CLEAN ENVIRONMENT
FOR OUR SURVIVAL
 EVERYTHING IS INTER-DEPENDENT
AND INTER-RELATED
Traditionally, decisions
and designs have been
based on economics, form
and function. The broader
environmental context – in
which all things exist, and
on which all things rely-
has not adequately been
considered.
we are
part of the environment,
not separated from it
As a result of
neglecting to consider
the environmental
consequences of our
actions, we now find
many serious
environmental
problems emerging.
If we want to have
ecological resources
to use in the future,
and ensure a high
quality of life, we must
start considering the
broader environmental
context in our designs
and choices.