Diagnostics with INPA

INPA is an irreplaceable tool for solving complex problems. Yes, it does not contains schemes and other
technical information – it has to be looked for in TIS, WDS. Yes, INPA does not contain directions for
inspection procedures (test plans) to be carried out, ISTA D has to be used for this purpose. But – INPA
allows to read huge amount of data, which are not “seen” by other diagnostic tools. INPA ir irreplaceable,
for example, in engine diagnostics.

This document contains basic information, how to use INPA and how to diagnose the engine. As a sample,
MSD80 for N43/N53 is used, as it’s most complicated of all engines.

In this document, (almost) all available menus are depicted, but for most interesting ones also comments
are added. If the menu has no comments, it doesn’t mean, that data displayed are not valuable. It mean’s
that data are either self-evident, or other menu displays them better/more convenient.

INPA uses loader 2.023 for MSD80. If your INPA does not have required menus, you can download loader
2.023 from our web-page.

After starting up the INPA, choose appropriate series of vehicle (here E60), first menu “functional jobs”.

INPA offers to get basic info regarding the vehicle, it’s available electronic modules and their status.

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F1. Menu “Information” contains basic data regarding vehicle.

F2. Menu “Identification” gives basic information regarding units, which are available for diagnostics.

This menu can be used to identify each unit for choosing it for more deep diagnostics.

F3. Menu “User Information Field” contains information regarding UIN and VIN of units.

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F4. Pressing F4, you can access error message memory for all units, read it and delete it.

F4/F1. Sub-menu “Read Error Memory” contains short information regarding error messages, recorded in
unit’s memories. If units contain several error message lists (for example, COM, DME/DDE), only error
message from actual error message list are displayed.

Info and History error message lists are not available in this menu (they can be found in diagnostic units of
all modules), only deleting them is available here (units, which contains Info and/or History memory data).

Sub-menu “Activate” allows to put the vehicle to sleep for sleep mode check-up.

In this stage a series of simpler sub-menus are skipped – they are self explanatory, and after a little practice
they will not give any troubles.

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Part 2. Engine diagnostics.

Switching to initial menu, choose the appropriate group (engine, body, chassis e.t.c.) and appropriate unit
from the list. In this example we choose engine control unit MSD80 for N43/N53.

The basic menu allows to identify the unit, read digital and analogue data, activate the units, delete
adaptations, perform diagnostic of units.

F1. Menu: SGBD Info contains basic information regarding unit.

F2. Menu – Identification contains detailed technical information regarding unit: HW/SW release data
another basic information.

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F3. Menu: Anwenden Information – continuation of identification data.

F4. Menu: Error messages: provides access to error message lists. MSD80 contains three error message lists:

a) actual error message list (Sub-menu: F1);

b) informative error messages – information regarding internal errors of MSD80 (Sub-menu: F2);
c) history error messages or common error message log (Sub-menu: F3).

When choosing actual error message list (Sub-menu: F1), several options of viewing error messages are
provided:

a) error message list (Sub-menu: F1): contains information regarding error message code, its transcript
(description), error message status (active/passive), information, if this error messages lights up the EML;

b) detailed info or error messages (Sub-menu: F2): additionally displayed – number of error message
recordings, odometer value, basic data;

c) freeze frame data (Sub-menu: F3), additionally displayed more detailed information regarding odometer
values, when last time the error message has been recorded, characteristics of the engine performance.

Menu of all error message lists (F4).

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F4/F1/F1. Example for error message sub-menu (F1).

F4/F1/F2. Example of detailed sub-menu (F2).

F4/F1/F3. Example of freeze frame sub-menu (F3).

Example of History memory log list.

Note: unfortunately, the manufacturer does not give any information, how often the history list is restored
(updated); the error messages, which have been in actual error message list for a short while, may not be
displayed in the history error message memory list.

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F5. From basic menu. Analogue/digital values.

F5/F1. Sub-menu. Digital values menu.

F5/F1/F1. Sub-menu. Contains information on power supply voltage in 15-th bus, accelerator pedal status.

F5/F1/F3. Functional status: basic information regarding performance mode of engine (idle, kick-down),
status of all Lambda probes e.t.c.

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F5/F1/F4. OBD control menu contains information regarding peripheral units, which performance is being
controlled and data sent to OBD for diagnostics.

F5/F1/F5. DME configuration menu.

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F5/F2. From basic menu. Menu of analogue data values.

F5/F2/F1. Sub-menu. Module of analogue units No.1.

F5/F2/F2. Sub-menu. Note: parameters of fuel adaptations is recommended to view in appropriate menu
(../F5/F6).

F5/F2/F3. Sub-menu. Module of analogue units No.3.

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F5/F2/F4. Sub-menu. Values of internal ADC. This menu could be more interesting for MSD80 developers.

Exception: values of throttle and acceleratior pedal sensors. Detailed description here.

F5/F2/F5. Sub-menu.

To control the basic parameters of engine performance, I usually use values, displayed in sub-menu 6 – all
actual and more often valuable parameters are displayed here.

F5/F2/F6. Sub-menu. Actual values of menu:

a) all temperature readings are displayed in one menu;

b) two bottom lines – Nernst values of Lambda probes; detailed information read here;
Air consumption in idle (660 RPM): around 18 kg/h Stratified charge (Lambda 2.0); around 12 kg/h
Homogeneous mode for warm engine (N53B30). Note: the engine temperature for N43/N53 in Eco mode
can reach 110 .. 115 °C.

If insufficient performance of CO catalytic converter or other significant engine defects are detected, the
cooling temperature is decreased below 80 °C, additionally heating up the thermostat (mapped mode).
Thermal management of N series, read here;

Pressure of low-pressure pump: 5000 hPa (+/-30 hPa); after switching off the engine it has to stay in 90%
level for 10 .. 15 seconds.

Pressure of high-pressure pump: 150’000 .. 200’000 hPa. Detailed information here;

Nernst cell resistance of unheated probes: 16K Ohm and 65K Ohm (accordingly wide-band and narrow-band
probes), in working mode: 0/256/512 Ohm; allowed values also: 768/1024 Ohm.

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F5/F3. Throttle valve adaptations. Note: Stratified charge performs only in multiplicative part of adaptations
(example below).

Throttle valve adaptations in Homogeneous mode. Both multiplicative and offset adaptations are
performing (offset – in idle run, multiplicative – partial/full opening of throttle valve).

Note: Stratified charge and Homogeneous mode have different values of multiplicative adaptations. In case
of throttle valve defect, data of both modes have to be checked.

F5/F4. VANOS adaptation menu. Readings of reference value adaptations, required and set values both for
intake & exhaust shafts. More about VANOS read here.

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F5/F5 IBS/Power management

F5/F6. Fuel mixture adaptations menu. Menu displays:

a) first two lines: PWM values for Lambda probe heating (0 .. 10% initial heating, 30 .. 70% working mode, 95 .. 100%
forced heating for faster reach of working mode);
b) integrators for both banks;
c) offset adaptations for both banks (idle);
d) multiplicative adaptations (partial/full load);
e) corrections (momentous) for both banks;
f) Lambda value for wide-band probes.

In the picture: Stratified charge. Both compensations and integrators are 0.0, because the Lambda of Stratified charge
fuel mixture is corrected with changing opening of throttle valve (not changing the fuel amount) – values mentioned
before are not being used. More about STFT and LTFT here.

g) voltage of wide-band probes (2,0V corresponds Lambda 1.0; 2,5V corresponds Lambda around 2; 3.0V corresponds
Lambda around 3.0);
h) voltage of narrow-band probes;
i) repeatedly – multiplicative and adaptive values for both banks.

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Fuel mixture adaptations in Homogeneous mode. As you can see, both compensations and integrators are
smoothing out the fuel mixture.

Homogeneous injection. Appropriate control probe values in case of correct fuel mixture: around 0,7 .. 0,8V.

F5/F7. Rough run menu (mechanical cylinder’s efficiency at idle). Status bit: flywheel adaptation status.
Positive bar value: reduced efficiency of cylinder. In case of balanced cylinder performance, bars for all
cylinders has to change polarity (from >0 to <0 and back) after a specific period (typically – not more than 10
seconds). How to perform flywheel adaptations, read here.

Attention: cylinders marked in firing order!

F5/Shift + F1. Energetic model of engine.

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F5/Shift + F2. Menu of NOx sensor. More about NOx menu here and check-up of NOx sensor performance.

F5/Shift + F3. Exhaust ventilation system. Stratified charge, idle: EGR is used to optimize the exhaust gases.

Exhaust ventilation system. Homogeneous injection. As you see, EGR is closed (to ensure stability of idle and
fuel mixture composition).

F5/Shift + F5. Adaptation maps. Unfortunately, most part of them is not displayed, even when using loader
2.023.

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F5/Shift + F6. Individual adaptation data for injectors.

F5/Shift + F6/F1. Sub-menu: real time data of injectors;

a) opening time;
b) applied relative correction;
c) electric charge.

d) voltage;
e) energetic charge.

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F5/Shift + F6/F2. Sub-menu: status bits. Points out individual adaptation modes for injectors.

Status after completed individual adaptations:

ON; ON

ON; ON

OFF; OFF

ON; ON

Note: MSD80 regularly performs re-adaptation of injectors, it’s possible (*) status bit change:

ON; ON

*; ON

*; *

*; *

In case of status bit (mode) change, MSD80 switches from Stratified to Homogeneous injection. Additionally
– MSD80 switches to Homogeneous injection mode also in other cases, for example: performing the re-
calibration of multiplicative or offset values for banks, balancing the mechanical efficiency of cylinders in
idle, calibrating wide-band Lambda probes e.t.c.

F5/Shift + F6/F3. Sub-menu: measurements of efficiency of injectors for low/high load at Homogeneous
mode:

a) results of last test;

b) efficiency measurements for cold engine (always 0, obviously – additional corrections are applied only within banks,
see F4 Sub-menu).

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 Diagnostics with INPA
c) applied corrections for long injector opening;
d) applied corrections for short injector opening.

F5/Shift + F6/F4. Sub-menu: additional corrections of banks for cold engine, starting from -20 °C to +90 °C.
Maximum depth of corrections +/-8%. For the latest software releases: allways 0 (obviously – average value
added to each bank’s adaptations).

F5/Shift + F6/F5. Sub-menu: additional corrections of injectors in idle for Stratified charge:

a) results of last test.

b) applied multiplicative multiplier after results of last test.

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Part 3.
Pressing F6 from main menu, you will get more detailed information regarding separate engine hubs, and it
will allow to check their functionality.

All activation blocks are divided in two groups. Let’s start with first group, pressing F1, and choose sub-menu.

F6/F1/F1. Electrical cooling fan. Required power of fan and also temperature of coolant can be seen.

F6/F1/F2. VANOS. There you can see both actual and required positions for both camshafts, also manual
correction of positions of camshafts can be done.

F6/F1/F3. Menu of fuel tank vent valve.

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F6/F1/F4. Management of additional heating of thermostat. More about thermal management read here.

F6/F1/F5. Power demand of fuel pump.

F6/F1/F6. Menu for Lambda probe heating. Unfortunately, Nernst cell resistances and voltages can not be
seen in the same menu.

F6/F1/F7. Manual management of engine’s cooling “blinds”.

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F6/F1/F8. Management of water pump.

F6/F1/F9. Manual management of AC compressor relay.

F6/F1/Shift + F1. Management of electrical fan of DME control unit.

F6/F1/Shift + F2. Management of exhaust system valve.

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F6/F1/Shift + F3. Activation of fuel tank leakage system elements (for USA models).

F6/F1/Shift + F4. Menu for DISA valve – status, counter of working times (events) and manual management.

F6/F1/Shift + F5. Menu for manual management of MIL/EML signal lights.

F6/F1/Shift + F6. Menu of power supply voltage control.

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F6/F1/Shift + F7. Menu for status of control relay.

F6/F1/Shift + F8. Menu for manual management and status of crankcase anti-dampness system.

F6/F1/Shift + F9. Menu for manual management, position and voltage of throttle sensors.

Group2.

F6/F2/F1. Menu for manual management of generator.

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F6/F6/F2. Menu of oil pressure control (requested/measured values). More about oil pressure management
read here.

F6/F2/F3. Menu for status and management of oil pressure adjustment valve.

F6/F2/F4.

F6/F2/F5.

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F6/F2/F6. Menu for manual management of high-pressure pump pressure and injection mode.

F6/F2/F7. Menu for exhaust gas re-circulation valve management.

F7 is reserved for data readings of memory cells. Unfortunately, this section can be interesting only for
software developers.

Part 4.
F8 is reserved for deleting of adaptations. Adaptations are divided in two groups.

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F8/F1. Adaptations of first group.

F8/F2. Adaptations of second group. Note: clearing all 2nd group (Shift + F9) of adaptations also clears data
regarding poisoning level of NOx catalytic converter.

F9 is reserved for test blocks.

F9/F1. Test block intends manual choice of injection mode, also indication of required and confirmed
mode. Note: Homogeneous lean and Stratified charge are turned on, only if they are allowed. Separate
software releases require additional increasing of RPM above 1200. More about injection modes.

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F9/F2. Test block for switching off of separate cylinders. Testing cold engine injectors. Attention: cylinders
marked in firing order!

F9/F3. Test block for testing of Lambda probes.

Correct values (after test) for wide-band probes: 0.9/1.1

Correct values (after test) for narrow-band probes: <0.1/>0.8V
More about management of Lambda probes head here, hidden defects described here.

F9/F4. Test block for idle run control.

F9/F5. Test block for fuel tank ventilation system.

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F9/F6. Module for changing the speed settings depending on the mode in idle run (AC switched on,
increased battery discharge, e.t.c.).

F9/F7. Test block for fuel tank leakage module (for vehicles with USA configuration).

F9/F8. Test module for throttle valve.

F9/F9. Test module for oil pressure control and regulation. More about oil pressure.

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F9/Shift + F1. Test module for generator.

F9/Shift + F2. Module for Standby power leakage measurements.

F9/Shift + F3. Test module for desulphation of NOx catalytic converter. Displayed: exhaust temperature,
calculated pollution of catalytic converter with sulfur, required Lambda reference values for each of
banks. More about NOx converter.

F9/Shift + F4. Offset and multiplicative corrections (coding data) of injectors.

F9/Shift + F5.

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