Mid-Chapter Review

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: What is the difference between a ratio and a rate?
A: A ratio is a comparison of two quantities that are measured in
the same units. A rate is a comparison of two quantities that are
measured in different units.
An example of a ratio is a comparison of the heights of two
students, measured in centimetres. A height comparison is
140 cm to 110 cm. Since both measurements are in centimetres,
140
the ratio can be written as 140 :110 or .
110
An example of a rate is the number of words a student can type
160 words
in a certain number of minutes. A typing rate is  , or
2 minutes
80 words per minute.

Q: What is a proportion?
A: A proportion is an equation that shows two equivalent ratios or
rates. Multiplying or dividing both terms in one ratio or rate by
the same number produces an equivalent ratio or rate.
3 21
For example,    is a proportion. Multiplying both terms in
4 28
the first ratio by 7 results in the second ratio.

Q: How do you solve a proportion with a missing term?

A: You determine the missing term using what you know about
equivalent ratios. For example, how do you solve the proportion
24 ■
  ?
48 6

Method 1
Since 48 divided by 8 is 6, the number you are looking for (the
missing term) must be 24 divided by 8.
24  8 ■
  
48  8 6
The equivalent ratio is 3. The missing term is 3.
6
Method 2
Since 24 is half of 48, the missing term must be half of 6, and
6  2  3. The missing term is 3.

NEL
54 Chapter 2
 Practice Questions
(2.2) 1. Write three equivalent ratios for each ratio. 6. A quarterback on a professional football
36 team completes, on average, 10 passes for
a) 5 to 6 b) 28 :42 c)  every 15 passes he attempts. How many
45
passes can he expect to complete if he
(2.2) 2. Write each comparison as a ratio. Remember attempts 525 passes in a season? (2.2)
that the units must be the same.
a) 40 cm to 3 m
b) 100 min to 2 h
c) 50 g to 1 kg
(2.2) 3. Calculate the missing term in each
proportion.
3 ■ 4 ■
a)    d)   
4 16 12 90

b) 12 : ■  60 :20 e) 2 :20  ■ :50

30 20 8 26
c)    f)   
48 ■ 24 ■ 7. Determine whether each comparison is a
ratio or a rate. Explain your thinking.
(2.2) 4. Calculate the actual length
of the boat using this a) Peter is 145 cm tall and Mei is
scale drawing. 125 cm tall.
scale 1:1000 b) 25 pens were on sale for $5.00.
c) Kaj walked 6 km in 2 h. (2.3)

8. Christine has a summer job cutting grass.

She earns $400 every 2 weeks. How much
(2.2) 5. On a sunny day, a streetlight that is 9 m will she earn over the summer holidays,
high casts a shadow that is 6 m long. At the which are 12 weeks long? (2.3)
same time, a fence post casts a shadow that
9. Rohan cycled 30 km in 2 h. How long will
is 2 m long. How tall is the fence post?
he take to cycle 45 km if he continues at
the same rate? (2.3)

10. 10 kg of potatoes cost $4.50. How much

will 50 kg of potatoes cost at this rate? (2.3)
11. A one-week summer basketball camp
promises 3 coaches for every 24 players.
If 276 players register for the camp, how
many coaches should the camp hire?
Explain how you interpreted the
calculation to decide. (2.4)

NEL
Ratio, Rate, and Percent 55