CHEMISTRY CLASS - XI

ASSIGNMENT OF CHAPTERS – 1 TO 4
BY "HONEY SINGHAL"

CHAPTER – 1 “SOME BASIC CONCEPTS OF CHEMISTRY”

One Mark questions
1. What is the significant figures in 1.050 x 104
2. What is the S.I. unit of Density?
3. What do mean by Mole fraction?
4. Round off up to 3 significant figure (a) 1.235 (b) 1.225
5. What is AZT?
6. What is limiting reagent?
7. Define Scientific Notation?
8. Define one mole?
9. Calculate the formula mass calcium chloride.
10. What is the law called which deals with the ratios of the volumes of the gaseous reactants and products?

Two Marks questions

1. Give the two points of differences between homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures.
2. Copper oxide obtained by heating copper carbonate or copper nitrate contains copper and oxygen in the same ration
by mass. Which law is illustrated by this observation? State the law.
3. Write the empirical formula of the following:
(a) N2O4 (b) C6H12O6 (c) H2O (d) H2O2
4. Briefly explain the difference between precision and accuracy.
5. Define the law of multiple proportions. Explain it with one example.
6. Chlorine has two isotopes of atomic mass units 34.97 and 36.97. The relative abundance of the isotopes is 0.755 and
0.245 respectively. Find the average atomic mass of chlorine.
7. Calculate the percentage composition of water.
8. State the number of significant figures in each of the following:
(i) 208.91 (ii) 0.00456 (iii) 453 (iv) 0.346
8. Express the results of the following calculations to the appropriate number of significant figures.
(i) 5.234 x 0.08334 (ii) (1.36 x 10-4) x 0.5
0.63 2.6
9. How are 0.50 mol Na2CO3 and 0.50 M Na2CO3 different?

Three Marks questions

1. What is unit factor method? Express the following in SI units - 93 million miles (distance between earth and sun)
2. Write the three points of difference between compound and mixture.
3. Calculate the molarity of a solution of ethanol in water in which the mole fraction of ethanol is 0.040.
4. What is the percentage of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in ethanol?

5. What do mean by molarity. Calculate the molarity of NaOH in the solution prepared by dissolving its 4 g in enough
water to form 250 mL of the solution.
6. Classify the following as pure substances or mixture-
(a) ethyl alcohol (b) oxygen (c) blood (d) carbon (e) steel (f) distilled water
7. What are the rules for rounding off?
8. Define –(a) Average atomic mass (b) Molecular mass (c) Formula mass
9. Express the following in the scientific notation with 2 significant figures-
(a) 0.0048 (b) 234,000 (c) 200.0

SCIENCE FOR 9TH & 10TH , CHEMISTRY FOR 11TH & 12TH Page 1
BY “HONEY SINGHAL” [B.Sc(H)Chem. (DU), M.Sc Chem , B.ed] MOB. 8766277319
HONEY SINGHAL CLASSES (TIBRA ROAD MODINAGAR)
10. Calculate the number of atoms in each of the following
(i) 52 moles of Ar (ii) 52 u of He (iii) 52 g of He
11. The density of 3M solution of NaCl is 1.25 g/ml. Calculate molality of the solution.

Five Marks questions

1. What is the difference between empirical and molecular formula? A compound contains 4.07 % hydrogen, 24.27 %
carbon and 71.65 % chlorine. Its molar mass is 98.96 g. What are its empirical and molecular formulas?
2. Dinitrogen and dihydrogen react with each other to produce ammonia according to the following chemical equation:
N2(g) + H2(g) → 2NH3(g)
(i) Calculate the mass of ammonia produced if 2.00 × 103 g dinitrogen reacts with 1.00 × 103 g of dihydrogen.
(ii) Will any of the two reactants remain unreacted?
(iii) If yes, which one and what would be its mass?
3. A welding fuel gas contains carbon and hydrogen only. Burning a small sample of it in oxygen gives 3.38 g carbon dioxide,
0.690 g of water and no other products. A volume of 10.0 L (measured at STP) of this welding gas is found to
weigh 11.6 g. Calculate (i) empirical formula, (ii) molar mass of the gas, and (iii) molecular formula.

HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skills)

1. What is the difference between 160 cm and 160.0 cm
Ans. 160 has three significant figures while 160.0 has four significant figures. Hence, 160.0 represents greater accuracy.
2. In the combustion of methane, what is the limiting reactant and why?
Ans. Methane is the limiting reactant because the other reactant is oxygen of the air which is always present in excess. Thus,
the amounts of CO2 and H2O formed depend upon the amount of methane burnt.

CHAPTER - 2 (STRUCTURE OF ATOM)

ONE MARK QUESTIONS

1. Neutrons can be found in all atomic nuclei except in one case. Which is this atomic nucleus and what does it consists
of ?
2. Calculate wave number of yellow radiations having wavelength of 5800 A0.
3. What are the values of n and l for 2p orbital?
4. Which of the following orbitals are not possible? 1p, 2s, 3f and 4d
5. Write the electronic configuration of the element having atomic number 24 and 29 .
6. What atoms are indicated by the following electronic configurations?
a. 1s2 2s2 2p1
b. [Ar]4s2 3d1
7. What is the relationship between frequency and wavelength of light?
8. State Pauli Exclusion Principle.
9. When α- rays hit a thin foil of gold, very few α- particles is deflected back. What does it prove?
10. What is the difference between a quantum and a photon?
11. What is the difference between the notations l and L ?
12. How many electrons in an atom can have n + l = 6 ?
13. Arrange the electron (e), protons (p) and alpha particle (α) in the increasing order for the values of e/m.
14. What is the maximum number of emission lines when the excited electron of a H-atom in n=6 drops to the ground state ?

TWO MARKS QUESTIONS

1. Write the complete symbol for the atom with the given atomic number (Z) and mass number(A).
(a) Z = 17, A = 35 (b) Z = 92 , A = 233
2. Using s,p,d and f notation, describe the orbital with the following quantum numbers-
(a) n=1,l=0 (b) n=3, l=1 (c) n=4, l=2 (d) n=4, l=3
3. How many electrons in an atom have the following quantum numbers?
a) n=4, ms= -1/2 b) n =3 , l=0
SCIENCE FOR 9TH & 10TH , CHEMISTRY FOR 11TH & 12TH Page 2
BY “HONEY SINGHAL” [B.Sc(H)Chem. (DU), M.Sc Chem , B.ed] MOB. 8766277319
HONEY SINGHAL CLASSES (TIBRA ROAD MODINAGAR)
4. An element with mass number 81 contains 31.7 % more neutrons as compared to protons. Assign the atomic symbol.
5. (i) The energy associated with the first orbit in the hydrogen atom is -2.18 x 10-18J/atom. What is the energy
associated with the fifth orbit
(ii) Calculate the radius of Bohr’s fifth orbit for hydrogen atom.
6. Explain , giving reasons, which of the following sets of quantum numbers are not possible.
(a) n=0, l=0; ml = 0, ms= + ½ (c)n=1, l=0; ml = 0, ms= - ½
(b) n=1, l=1; ml =- 0, ms= + ½ (d) n=2, l=1; ml = 0, ms= + ½
7. (a) What is the lowest value of n that allows g orbitals to exist?
(b) An electron is in one of the 3d orbitals, Give the possible values of n,l and ml for this electron.
8. Calculate the total number of angular nodes and radial nodes present in 3p orbitals.
9. Mention the draw backs of Rutherford’s atomic model.
10. State de-Broglie concept of dual nature of matter.

THREE MARKS QUESTIONS

1. State (a)Hund’s Rule of maximum Multiplicity (b) Aufbau Principle (c) n+l rule
2. Write down the quantum numbers n and l for the following orbitals
a) 2pz b) 3dz2 c) 5s
3. Write the 3 points of difference between orbit and orbital.
4. State Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle. Calculate the uncertainty in the position of an electron if the uncertainty in its
velocity is 5.7 x 105 m/s.
5. Write 3 points of differences between electromagnetic waves and matter waves.
6. (i) Calculate the number of electrons which will together weigh one gram. (ii) Calculate the mass and charge of one mole of
electrons
7. Find energy of each of the photons which
(i) correspond to light of frequency 3× 1015Hz.
(ii) have wavelength of 0.50 Å.
8. What is the wavelength of light emitted when the electron in a hydrogen atom undergoes transition from an energy level
with n = 4 to an energy level with n = 2?
9. An atom of an element contains 29 electrons and 35 neutrons. Deduce (i) the number of protons (ii)
the electronic configuration of the element (iii) Identify the element .
10. What are the two longest wavelength lines in the Lyman series of hydrogen spectrum?
11. Calculate the wavelength, frequency and wave number of a light wave whose period is 2.0×10–10s.
12. What transition in the hydrogen spectrum would have the same wavelength as the Balmer transition n = 4 to n = 2 of He+
spectrum?

FIVE MARKS QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS

1. What are the draw backs of Bohr’s atomic model? Show that the circumference of the Bohr orbit for the hydrogen atom is an
integral multiple of the de Broglie wavelength associated with the electron revolving around the orbit.
2. State photo electric effect. The work function for caesium atom is 1.9 eV. Calculate (a) the threshold wavelength and (b) the
threshold frequency of the radiation. If the caesium element is irradiated with a wavelength 500 nm, calculate the kinetic
energy and the velocity of the ejected photoelectron.
3. (a)The quantum numbers of six electrons are given below. Arrange them in order of increasing energies. If any of these
combination(s) has/have the same energy lists:
1. n= 4, l = 2, ml=–2 , ms=–1/2
2. n= 3, l = 2, ml= 1 , ms= +1/2
3. n= 4, l = 1, ml= 0 , ms= +1/2
4. n = 3, l= 2, ml=–2 , ms=–1/2
5. n = 3, l= 1, ml=–1 ,ms= +1/2
6. n = 4, l= 1, ml= 0 , ms= +1/2
(b)Among the following pairs of orbitals which orbital will experience the larger effective nuclear charge? (i) 2s and 3s, (ii) 4d
and 4f, (iii) 3d and 3p

SCIENCE FOR 9TH & 10TH , CHEMISTRY FOR 11TH & 12TH Page 3
BY “HONEY SINGHAL” [B.Sc(H)Chem. (DU), M.Sc Chem , B.ed] MOB. 8766277319
HONEY SINGHAL CLASSES (TIBRA ROAD MODINAGAR)
4. (i) The unpaired electrons in Al and Si are present in 3p orbital. Which electrons will experience more effective nuclear charge
from the nucleus?
(ii) Indicate the number of unpaired electrons in: (a) P, (b) Si, (c) Cr, (d) Fe

CHAPTER-3
CLASSIFICATION OF ELEMENTS AND PERIODICITY IN PROPERTIES OF ELEMENTS

ONE MARK QUESTIONS

Q1. Select the species which are iso-electronic with each other.
(1) Ne (2) Cl- (3) Ca2+ (4) Rb+
Q.2. What the elements of a group have common among them?
Q.3. What the s- and p- block elements are collectively called?
Q.4. Define atomic radius.
Q.5. State the modern periodic law.
Q.6. Name the groups of elements classified as s-, p- and d- blocks.
Q.7. Define the term ionisation enthalpy.
Q.8.In how many groups and periods the elements in modern periodic table are classified?
Q.9. What do you mean by electronic configuration of the elements?

TWO MARKS QUESTIONS

Q.1. Describe the two merits of long form periodic table over the Mendeleev’s periodic table?
Q.2. What is a period in the periodic table? How do atomic sizes change in a period with an increase in atomic number?
Q.3. The outer electronic configuration of some elements are:
(a) 3s2 3p4 (b) 3d10 4s2 (c) 3s2 3p6 4s2 (d) 6s2 4f3
To which block of elements in the periodic table each of these belongs?
Q.4. What is meant by periodicity in properties of elements? What is the reason behind this?
Q.5. How do atomic radii vary in a group and a period?
Q.6. Arrange the following in the order of increasing radii:
(a) I, I+, I- (b) O,N,P
Q.7. Name the factors which affect the ionisation enthalpy of an element.
Q.8. How does ionisation enthalpy vary in a group and a period?
Q.9. Noble gases have zero electron gain enthalpy values. Explain.
Q.10. Elements in the same group have equal valency. Comment on it.
Q.11. Why does chlorine have a higher electron affinity than fluorine?
Q.12. Which element do you think would have been named by
(i)Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory
(ii)Seaborg’s group?

THREE MARKS QUESTIONS

Q.1. The first ionisation enthalpy of magnesium is higher than that of sodium. On the other hand, the second ionisation
enthalpy of sodium is very much higher than that of magnesium. Explain.
Q.2. What are the major differences between metals and nonmetals?
Q.3. Among the elements of the second period Li to Ne pick out the element:
(i) with the highest first ionisation energy (ii) with the highest electronegativity
(iii) with the largest atomic radius
Give the reason for your choice.
Q.4. Arrange the following as stated:
(i) N2, O2, F2, Cl2 (Increasing order of bond dissociation energy)
(ii) F, Cl, Br, I (Increasing order of electron gain enthalpy)
(iii) F2, N2, Cl2, O2 (Increasing order of bond length)

SCIENCE FOR 9TH & 10TH , CHEMISTRY FOR 11TH & 12TH Page 4
BY “HONEY SINGHAL” [B.Sc(H)Chem. (DU), M.Sc Chem , B.ed] MOB. 8766277319
HONEY SINGHAL CLASSES (TIBRA ROAD MODINAGAR)
Q.5. Why does the first ionisation enthalpy increase as we go from left to right through a given period of the periodic table?
Q.6. Explain why are cations smaller and anions larger in size than their parent atoms?
Q.7. How does atomic radius vary in a period and in a group? How do you explain the variation?
Q.8. Consider the following species:
N3–, O2–, F–, Na+, Mg2+ and Al3+
(a) What is common in them?
(b) Arrange them in the order of increasing ionic radii.
Q.9. On the basis of quantum numbers, justify that the sixth period of the periodic table should have 32 elements.
Q.10. What is the significance of the terms – isolated gaseous atom and ground state while defining the ionization enthalpy and
electron gain enthalpy?
Q.11. Show by a chemical reaction with water that Na20 is a basic oxide and Cl207 is an acidic oxide.
Q.12. In terms of period and group where will you locate the element with z = 114? Give IUPAC name of given element.

FIVE MARKS QUESTIONS

Q.1. What is the cause of the periodicity in the properties of the elements?
How do the following properties vary in (a) a group and (b)in a period
(i) electronegativity (ii) ionisation enthalpy (iii) Atomic size
Q.2. Discuss the main characteristics of four blocks of elements in the periodic table? Give their general electronic
configuration.

CHAPTER-4
CHEMICAL BONDING AND MOLECULAR STRUCTURE

ONE MARK QUESTIONS

Q.1. What is the total number of sigma and pi bonds in the following molecules?
(a) C2H2 (b) C2H4
Ans- There are three sigma and two pi-bonds in C2H2.
there are five sigma bonds and one pi-bond in C2H4.
Q.2. Write the significance of a plus and a minus sign shown in representing the orbitals.
Ans- Molecular orbitals are represented by wave functions. A plus sign in an orbital indicates a positive wave function while a
minus sign in an orbital represents a negative wave function.
Q.3. How do you express the bond strength in terms of bond order?
Ans- Bond strength represents the extent of bonding between two atoms forming a molecule. The larger the bond energy, the
stronger is the bond and the greater is the bond order.
Q.5. Define the bond length.
Ans- Bond length is defined as the equilibrium distance between the nuclei of two bonded atoms in a molecule.
Q.6. Arrange the bonds in order of increasing ionic character in the
molecules: LiF, K2O, N2, SO2 and ClF3.
Ans- N2< SO2< ClF3< K2O < LiF.
Q.7. Define octet rule.
Ans- The elements tend to adjust the arrangement of their electrons in such a way that they (except H and He) achieve eight
electrons in their outermost shell. This is called octet rule.
Q.8. Define lattice enthalpy.
Ans- The energy required when one mole of an ionic compound in crystalline form is split into the constituent ions is called
lattice enthalpy.
Q.9. Which type of bond is formed when the atoms have zero difference in electronegativity?
Ans- Covalent bond.

TWO MARKS QUESTIONS

Q.1. Define hydrogen bond. Is it weaker or stronger than the van der Waals forces?

SCIENCE FOR 9TH & 10TH , CHEMISTRY FOR 11TH & 12TH Page 5
BY “HONEY SINGHAL” [B.Sc(H)Chem. (DU), M.Sc Chem , B.ed] MOB. 8766277319
HONEY SINGHAL CLASSES (TIBRA ROAD MODINAGAR)
Ans- A hydrogen bond is defined as an attractive force acting between the hydrogen attached to an electronegative atom of
one molecule and an electronegative atom of a different molecule (may be of the same kind).
There are two types of H-bonds:
➢ Intermolecular H-bond e.g., HF, H2O etc.
➢ Intramolecular H-bond e.g., o-nitrophenol
Hydrogen bonds are stronger than Van der Waals’ forces since hydrogen bonds are regarded as an extreme form of dipole-
dipole interaction.
Q.2. Write the favourable factors for the formation of ionic bond.
Ans-
➢ Low ionization enthalpy of metal atom.
➢ High electron gain enthalpy (ΔegH) of a non-metal atom.
➢ High lattice energy of the compound formed.
Q.3. Although geometries of NH3 and H2O molecules are distorted tetrahedral, bond angle in water is less than that of
ammonia. Discuss.
Ans- The molecular geometry of NH3 and H2O can be shown as:
The central atom (N) in NH3 has one lone pair and there are three bond pairs.
In H2O, there are two lone pairs and two bond pairs. The two lone pairs present in the oxygen atom of H2O molecule repel the
two bond pairs. This repulsion is stronger than the repulsion between the lone pair and the
three bond pairs on the nitrogen atom.
Since the repulsions on the bond pairs in H2O molecule are greater than that in NH3, the bond angle in water is less than that of
ammonia.
Q.4. Explain the important aspects of resonance with reference to the carbonate ion.
Ans- According to experimental findings, all carbon to oxygen bonds in are equivalent. Hence, it is inadequate to represent ion
by a single Lewis structure having two single bonds and one double bond.
Therefore, carbonate ion is described as a resonance hybrid of the following structures:

Q.5. H3PO3 can be represented by structures 1 and 2 shown below. Can these two structures be taken as the canonical forms of
the resonance hybrid representing H3PO3? If not, give reasons for the same.

Ans- The given structures cannot be taken as the canonical forms of the resonance hybrid of H3PO3 because the positions of the
atoms have changed.
Q.6. Use Lewis symbols to show electron transfer between the following atoms to form cations and anions:
(a) Ca and O (b) Al and N.
Q.7. Although both CO2 and H2O are triatomic molecules, the shape of H2O molecule is bent while that of CO2 is linear. Explain
this on the basis of dipole moment.
Ans- According to experimental results, the dipole moment of carbon dioxide is zero. This is possible only if the molecule is
linear so that the dipole moments of C– O bonds are equal and opposite to nullify each other.
Resultant μ = 0 D
H2O, on the other hand, has a dipole moment value of 1.84 D (though it is a triatomic molecule as CO2). The value of the dipole
moment suggests that the structure of H2O molecule is bent where the dipole moment of O–H bonds are unequal.
Q.8. Write the significance/applications of dipole moment.

SCIENCE FOR 9TH & 10TH , CHEMISTRY FOR 11TH & 12TH Page 6
BY “HONEY SINGHAL” [B.Sc(H)Chem. (DU), M.Sc Chem , B.ed] MOB. 8766277319
HONEY SINGHAL CLASSES (TIBRA ROAD MODINAGAR)
Ans- Dipole moment is the measure of the polarity of a bond. It is used to differentiate between polar and non-polar bonds
since all non-polar molecules (e.g. H2, O2) have zero dipole moments. It is also helpful in calculating the
percentage ionic character of a molecule.
Q.9. Use molecular orbital theory to explain why the Be2 molecule does not exist.

Q.10. Distinguish between a sigma and a pi bond.

Q.11. Explain with the help of suitable example polar covalent bond.

THREE MARKS QUESTIONS

Q.1. Write Lewis dot symbols for atoms of the following elements: Mg, Na, B, O, N, Br.
Q.2. Draw diagrams showing the formation of a double bond and a triple bond between carbon atoms in C2H4 and C2H2
molecules.
Q.3. Explain the formation of H2 molecule on the basis of valence bond theory.
Ans- Let us assume that two hydrogen atoms (A and B) with nuclei (NA and NB) and electrons (eA and eB) are taken to undergo a
reaction to form a hydrogen molecule. When A and B are at a large distance, there is no interaction between
them. As they begin to approach each other, the attractive and repulsive forces start operating.
Attractive force arises between:
Nucleus of one atom and its own electron i.e., NA – eA and NB – eB.
Nucleus of one atom and electron of another atom i.e., NA – eB and NB – eA.
Repulsive force arises between:
Electrons of two atoms i.e., eA – eB.
Nuclei of two atoms i.e., NA – NB.
The force of attraction brings the two atoms together, whereas the force of repulsion tends to push them apart.
The magnitude of the attractive forces is more than that of the repulsive forces. Hence, the two atoms approach each other. As
a result, the potential energy decreases. Finally, a state is reached when the attractive forces balance the repulsive forces and
the system acquires minimum energy. This leads to the formation of a dihydrogen molecule.
Q.4. Write the important conditions required for the linear combination of atomic orbitals to form molecular orbitals.
Ans- The given conditions should be satisfied by atomic orbitals to form molecular orbitals:
✓ The combining atomic orbitals must have the same or nearly the same energy. This means that in a homonuclear
molecule, the 1s-atomic orbital of an atom can combine with the 1s-atomic orbital of another atom, and not with the 2s
orbital.
✓ The combining atomic orbitals must have proper orientations to ensure that the overlap is maximum.
✓ The extent of overlapping should be large.
Q.6. Describe the hybridisation in case of PCl5. Why are the axial bonds longer as compared to equatorial bonds?
Q.7. What is meant by the term bond order? Calculate the bond order of: N2, O2, and O22-
Q.8. Discuss the shape of the following molecules using the VSEPR model:
BeCl2, BCl3, SiCl4, AsF5, H2S, PH3
Ans- BeCl2: The central atom has no lone pair and there are two bond pairs. i.e., BeCl2 is of the type AB2. Hence, it has a linear
shape.
BCl3: The central atom has no lone pair and there are three bond pairs. Hence, it is of the type AB3. Hence, it is trigonal planar.

SCIENCE FOR 9TH & 10TH , CHEMISTRY FOR 11TH & 12TH Page 7
BY “HONEY SINGHAL” [B.Sc(H)Chem. (DU), M.Sc Chem , B.ed] MOB. 8766277319
HONEY SINGHAL CLASSES (TIBRA ROAD MODINAGAR)
SiCl4: The central atom has no lone pair and there are four bond pairs. Hence, the shape of SiCl4 is tetrahedral being the AB4
type molecule.
AsF5: The central atom has no lone pair and there are five bond pairs. Hence, AsF5 is of the type AB5. Therefore, the shape is
trigonal bipyramidal.
H2S: The central atom has one lone pair and there are two bond pairs. Hence, H2S is of the type AB2E. The shape is Bent.
PH3: The central atom has one lone pair and there are three bond pairs. Hence, PH3 is of the AB3E type. Therefore, the shape is
trigonal bipyramidal.
Q.9. Write the resonance structures for SO3, NO2 and HClO4.
Q.10. What do you understand by bond pairs and lone pairs of electrons? Illustrate by giving example.

FIVE MARKS QUESTIONS

Q.1. Define octet rule. Write its significance and limitations.
Ans-- The octet rule or the electronic theory of chemical bonding was developed by Kossel and Lewis. According to this rule,
atoms can combine either by transfer of valence electrons from one atom to another or by sharing their valence electrons in
order to attain the nearest noble gas configuration by having an octet in their
valence shell.
The octet rule successfully explained the formation of chemical bonds depending upon the nature of the element.
Limitations of the octet theory:
The following are the limitations of the octet rule:
• The rule failed to predict the shape and relative stability of molecules.
• It is based upon the inert nature of noble gases. However, some noble gases like xenon and krypton form compounds
such as XeF2, KrF2 etc.
• The octet rule cannot be applied to the elements in and beyond the third period of the periodic table. The elements
present in these periods have more than eight valence electrons around the central atom. For example: PF5, SF6, etc.
• The octet rule is not satisfied for all atoms in a molecule having an odd number of electrons. For example, NO and NO2
do not satisfy the octet rule.
• This rule cannot be applied to those compounds in which the number of electrons surrounding the central atom is less
than eight. For example, LiCl, BeH2, AlCl3 etc. do not obey the octet rule.
Q.2. Which hybrid orbitals are used by carbon atoms in the following molecules?
CH3–CH3; (b) CH3–CH=CH2; (c) CH3-CH2-OH; (d) CH3-CHO (e) CH3COOH
Q.3. Compare the relative stability of the following species and indicate their magnetic properties;
O2 , O2+, O22- , O2-

HOTS
Q.1. Apart from tetrahedral geometry, another possible geometry for CH4 is square planar with the four H atoms at the corners
of the square and the C atom at its centre. Explain why CH4 is not square planar?
Q.2. Which out of NH3 and NF3 has higher dipole moment and why?
Q.3. What is meant by hybridisation of atomic orbitals? Describe the shapes of sp, sp2, sp3 hybrid orbitals.
Q.4. Describe the change in hybridisation (if any) of the Al atom in the following reaction.
AlCl3 + Cl- AlCl4-

SCIENCE FOR 9TH & 10TH , CHEMISTRY FOR 11TH & 12TH Page 8
BY “HONEY SINGHAL” [B.Sc(H)Chem. (DU), M.Sc Chem , B.ed] MOB. 8766277319
HONEY SINGHAL CLASSES (TIBRA ROAD MODINAGAR)