MS. ROSE ANN B.

VELASCO
GRADING SYSTEM
 Written Works (25%)
 Activities
 Assignments
 Quiz/Long Test

 Performance Task (45%)

 Attendance
 Recitation
 Project

 Major Exams (30%)

 Prelim
 Midterm
 Final
INTRODUCTION
TO CONIC
SECTIONS
CONIC SECTION

A conic section is a curve formed by

the intersection of a plane and a
double cone.
OVERVIEW OF CONIC SECTION

CIRCLE – PARABOLA–
when the when the plane
plane is intersects only at
horizontal one cone
 ELLIPSE– when HYPERBOLA–
the tilted plane when the plane
intersects only one intersects both
to form a bounded cones to form two
curve unbounded curves
Definition and Equation of
a Circle

➢The set of all points that are the

same distance from the center.

➢A circle may also be considered a

special kind of ellipse (for the special
case when the tilted plane is
horizontal).
STANDARD FORM OF
THE EQUATION OF
THE CIRCLE
 Standard Equation: ( x − h) + ( y − k ) = r
2 2 2

CENTER: (h, k) (h , k)
RADIUS: r > 0 r
 Standard Equation: ( x − h) + ( y − k ) = r
2 2 2

CENTER: (h,k)
RADIUS: r
(0 , 0)

5
 Standard Equation: ( x − h) + ( y − k ) = r
2 2 2

CENTER: (h,k)
RADIUS: r
(3 , -5)

√3
EXAMPLE
 Find the center and the radius and the center of
the circle.

( x − 2) + ( y + 8) = 81
2 2

( x − h) + ( y − k ) = r
2 2 2

 CENTER: (h, k) = (2, -8)

 RADIUS: r = 9
EXAMPLE
 Find the equation of the circle given the
following.
CENTER: (-5, 7)
RADIUS: 4

( x − h) + ( y − k ) = r
2 2 2

[(x – (-5)]2 + (y – 7)2 = (4)2

(x + 5)2 + (y – 7)2 = 16
EXAMPLE
 Find the equation of the circle given the
following.

CENTER: (0,0)
RADIUS: 16

( x − h) + ( y − k ) = r
2 2 2

(x – 0)2 + (y– 0)2 = (16)2

x2 + y2 = 256
 Equation of a circle

( x − h) + ( y − k ) = r
2 2 2

Equation of a circle whose

center is at the origin
x2 + y2 = r 2
 LET’S TRY
In each item, give the standard
equation of the circle satisfying the
given conditions.

1. center at the origin, radius 4

 LET’S TRY
In each item, give the standard
equation of the circle satisfying the
given conditions.

1. center at the origin, radius 4

2. center (-4, 3), radius 7

GENERAL FORM OF
THE EQUATION OF A
CIRCLE
 (x– 5)2 + (y – 1)2 = 25
x2 – 10x + 25 + y2 –2y + 1 = 25
x2 + y2 – 10x –2y + 25 + 1 – 25 = 0
x2 + y2 – 10x –2y + 1= 0
 Center (5,1) Radius = 5
General Form
Ax2 + Ay2 + Cx + Dy + E = 0
A=0
x2 + y2 + Cx + Dy + E = 0
4x2 + 4y2 – 4x + 24y + 1 = 0
Divide the given equation by
4 to reduce the equation to its
general form

x2 + y2 –x + 6y + ¼ = 0
4x2 + 4y2 – 4x + 24y + 1 = 0
x2 + y2 –x + 6y + ¼ = 0
Group all the x and y terms
and transpose the constant
term to the right side of the
equation.

(x2 – x) + (y2 + 6y) = -¼

4x2 + 4y2 – 4x + 24y + 1 = 0
x2 + y2 –x + 6y + ¼ = 0
(x2 – x) + (y2 + 6y) = -¼
Complete the square of the x
terms.

(x2 – x + ¼) + (y2 + 6y) = -¼ + ¼

4x2 + 4y2 – 4x + 24y + 1 = 0
x2 + y2 –x + 6y + ¼ = 0
(x2 – x) + (y2 + 6y) = -¼
(x2 – x + ¼) + (y2 + 6y) = -¼ + ¼
Complete the square of the y
terms.

(x2 – x + ¼) + (y2 + 6y + 9) = -¼
+¼+9
4x2 + 4y2 – 4x + 24y + 1 = 0
x2 + y2 –x + 6y + ¼ = 0
(x2 – x) + (y2 + 6y) = -¼
(x2 – x + ¼) + (y2 + 6y) = -¼ + ¼
(x2 – x + ¼) + (y2 + 6y + 9) = -¼
+¼+9
Factor the left side and
simplify the right side of the
equation.
4x2 + 4y2 – 4x + 24y + 1 = 0
x2 + y2 –x + 6y + ¼ = 0
(x2 – x) + (y2 + 6y) = -¼
(x2 – x + ¼) + (y2 + 6y) = -¼ + ¼
(x2 – x + ¼) + (y2 + 6y + 9) = -¼
+¼+9
(x2 – ½) + (y2 + 3) = + 9
X2 + Y2 – 6X = 7

x2 – 6x + y2 = 7
x2 – 6x + y2 + 0y = 7
(x2 – 6x + 9)+ (y2 + 0y + 0) = 7 + 9
(x2 – 6x + 9)+ (y2 + 0y + 0) = 16
(x – 3)2 + ( y – 0)2 = (4)2
Center: (3,0)
Radius: 4
FIND THE CENTER AND RADIUS OF THE
FOLLOWING EQUATION BELOW.

 x2 + y2 +14x + 2y = 14
16x2 + 16y2 + 96x – 40y = 315
center (5, -6), tangent to the y
axis
center (5, -6), tangent to the x-
axis
It has a diameter with
endpoints A(-1, 4) and B(4, 2).
ASSIGNMENT
Find the standard equation of the
circle being described in each
item.
1. Center at the origin, radius
square root of 11
2. Center (-6, 7), tangent to the y-
axis
3. It has a diameter with
endpoints A(-3, 2) and B(7, 4).