9.

0 V
A 10.0 3µF
Ω 6µF B 12µF 24µF C x
18 V

r3.0
2
Ω
PHY 111
5.0 Ω

r1 12.0 V
TUTORIAL QUESTIONS
E
R
1. The balancing length of a potentiometer
D is at 120 6.0cm.
Ω on starting the cell with a resistance of 4 ohms, the balancing
point shifts to aIlength
= 0.125ofA60 cm. find the internal resistance of the cell. (a) 5 ohms (b) 5.5 ohms (c) 4 ohms (d) 6 ohms
(e) 4.5 ohms

2. A potentiometer wire of 100 cm length is adjusted to give a null point at 500 cm with a standard cell of E.M.F of
1.018 V. The E.M.F of a cell which gives null point at 600 cm is? (a) 1.3317 V (b) 1.2222 V (c) 1.2416 V (d) 1.2216 V
(e) 1.1216 V

3. A potentiometer wire of length 20 m has a resistance of 50 ohms. It is connected in series with a resistance box and a
5V storage cell. If the potential gradient along the wire is 0.5 mV/cm, what is the resistance unplugged in the box. (a)
450 ohms (b) 500 ohms (c) 480 ohms (d) 520 ohms (e) 400 ohms

4. Which of the following is a false in measuring the unit of magnetic field? (a) 1T (b) (c) (d) (e)
-11
5. How long would a magnetic field need to be in order to make a particle with a mass of 4 x 10 Kg and a charge of
8nC move in a circular path with a speed of 400 m/s and a radius of 0.5m? (a) 4.3T (b) 5T (c) 4T (d) 6T (e) 5.1T
7
6. When a proton moves to a uniform magnetic field with a speed of 10 m/s, it immediately experiences an
13 2
acceleration of 2 x 10 m/s in the +x direction when its velocity is in the +z direction. Determine the magnitude of the
magnetic field? (a) 0.00021T (b) 0.0024T (c) 0.0021T (d) 0.00000023T (e) 0.0000209T

7. The balance point in a meter bridge experiment is obtained at 30 cm from the left. If the right-hand gap contains
resistance of 3.5 ohms, what is the value of the resistance in the left-hand gap? (a) 2.5 ohms (b) 3.0 ohms (c) 3.2 ohms
(d) 1.5 ohms (e) 4.0 ohms

8. A potentiometer wire of length 100 cm has a resistance of 30 ohms. It is connected in series with a resistance of 20
ohms and accumulator of emf 8V having negligible internal resistance. A source of 1.2V is balanced against a length L
of the potentiometer wire. What is the value of L? (a) 35 cm (b) 20 cm (c) 27 cm (d) 25 cm (e) 30 cm

9. The terminals of a cell are connected to a resistance and the fall of potential across R is balanced against the fall
across the potentiometer wire. When R is 20 and 10 ohms respectively, the corresponding lengths on the potentiometer
are 150 and 120 cm. calculate the internal resistance of the cell. (a) 7.0 ohms (b) 6.9 ohms (c) 6.67 ohms (d) 7.36 ohms
(e) 6.37 ohms

10. A thin uniform wire 50 cm long and of 1 ohms resistance is connected to the terminal of an accumulator of emf 2.2
V and the internal resustance 0.1 ohms. If the terminals of another cell can be connected to two points 26 cm apart on
the wire without altering the current in the wire , what is the emf of the cell? (a) 1,04V (b) 1.01 V (c) 2.21V (d) 2.42 V
(e) 1.92V

11. A mobile phone tower transmits a wave signal of frequency 900MHz. Calculate the length of the waves transmitted
from the mobile phone tower. (a) 0.33 m (b) 0.30 m (c) 0.25 m (d) 0.28 m (e) 0.40 m
12. Consider two sound waves with wavelengths 5 m and 6 m, if these two waves propagate in a gas with velocity
330 ms-1. Calculate the number of beats per second. (a) 12 beats per sec (b) 11 beats per sec (c) 15 beats per sec (d) 13
beats per sec (e) 14 beats per sec

13. A potentiometer is an accurate and versatile device to make electrical measurement of E.M.F. , because the method
involves? (a) A combination of cells, galvanometer and resistances (b) cells (c) potential gradient (d) A condition of no
current flow through the galvanometer (e) not attempted

14. The best instruments for accurate measurement of EMF is ; (a) Meter bridge (b) potentiometer (c) voltmeter (d)
ammeter and voltmeter (e) ammeter

15. In a potentiometer circuit a cell of emf 1.5V gives balance point at 36 cm length of wire. If another cell of emf 2.5
V replaces the first cell, then at what length of the wire, the balance point occurs? (a) 62 cm (b) 60 cm (c) 21.6 cm (d)
64 cm (e) 26.2 cm

16. If the radius of the potentiometer wire is double then effect on the null point (a) it will increase (b) it will decrease
(c) it will remain unchanged (d) it will increase and then decrease (e) it will change periodically

17. The balance point in a meter bridge experiment is obtained at 30 cm from the left. If the right-hand gap contains
resistance of 3.5 ohms, what is the value of the resistance in the left-hand gap? (a) 1.2 ohms (b) 2.0 ohms (c) 1.5 ohms
(d) 1.8 ohms (e) 2.2 ohms

18. A long, rigid wire lying along y-axis a carries a 5.0A current flowing in the positive y-axis direction. If a constant
 magnetic field of magnitude 0.30T is directed along the positive x-axis, what is the magnetic force per unit length on
the wire? (a) 1.5 N/m (b) 2.0 N/m (c) 1.7 N/m (d) 2.1 N/m (e) 2.5 N/m

19. A long, rigid wire lying along y-axis a carries a 5.0A current flowing in the positive y-axis direction. If a constant
magnetic field of 0.30T is directed 30 degrees from the +x axis towards the +y-axis, what is the magnetic force per unit
length on the wire? (a) 1.20 N/m (b) 1.40 N/m (c) 1.30 N/m (d) 1.28 N/m (e) 1.32 N/m

20. The velocity of a charged particle to keep moving in the same direction, in a region where electric and magnetic
fields are perpendicular to each other, is (a) E/B (b) B/E (c) E/B + qE/B (d) B/E + qB/E (e) E/B + q

21. Which of these quantities are vector quantities? I. Electric force ii. Electric Field iii.
Electric potential iv. electric charge (a) i, ii and iii only (b) iv only (c) i and iii only (d) iii and iv only (e) none
of the above.

22. Coulombs law of electrostatics is valid under what condition? i. In free air ii. In empty space iii.
With less than atmospheric pressure iv. When charges are far apart (a) i only (b) i,iii and iv only (c) ii only (d) iii and iv
only (e) ii, iii and iv only

23. Which of the statement(s) is/are correct (a) moving electricity can be stored in a Leyden jar (b) gold leaf
electroscope is used to identify polarity of charges on material (c) static charges produce magnetic field (d) dielectric
2 2 -19
constant has a unit of N.m /C (e) the magnitude of an electron charge is -1.6 x 10 C

24. Three point charges are placed on the x-axis as shown above. Find the net-force on -6µC charge.

15 cm
3µC -2µC 8 cm -6µC

(a) 15.2 N, positive direction (b) 1.52 N, negative direction (c) 14.2 N, negative direction (d) 1.42 N, positive
direction (e)14.2 N, positive direction

25. In order to charge a material, which of these methods cannot be used? (a) magnetization (b) Friction (c) Induction
(d) polarization (e) conduction
-19
26. If the charge on an electron is -1.6 x10 C and its mass is 1840 times smaller than that of a proton, what is the
+19 -16 -19
charge on a proton. (a) 1840 times the charge of an electron (b) -1.6 x10 C (c) 2.944 x10 C (d) 1.6 x10 C (e)
1840C

27. Arrange these material from the most electronegative material to the most electropositive i. fur ii.
Ebonite iii. plastic iv. Glass v. silver. (a) plastic -> glass -> fur -> ebonite -> silver (b) plastic -> glass -
> fur -> silver -> ebonite (c) plastic -> glass -> fur -> ebonite -> silver (d) ebonite -> silver -> plastic -> fur -> glass (e)
plastic -> ebonite -> silver -> fur ->glass

28. Which of the statements is not true of gravitational force in comparison with electric force. (a) gravitational forces
do not reduce in strength as the masses stay farther apart (b) gravitational force is more pronounced with more massive
bodies (c) gravitational force is attractive while electric force can be both attractive and repulsive in nature (d) charges
are polarized in electric force determination but gravitational force only have positive mass € strength from
gravitational forces are smaller in magnitude compared to those from electric forces.

29. Two charges are placed on the x-axis +3µC at x=0 and -5.0µC at x=40 cm. Where must a third charge, q be placed
if the net force it experiences is to be zero? (a) between charge +3µC and -5.0Μc (b) leftward, behind the +3µC charge
(c) rightward, after the -5.0µC charge (d) on the -5.0µC charge (e) on the +3.0 µC charge

30. Which of the statements briefly does not summarize the superposition principle of electric charges? (a) the force
experienced by a charge due to other charges is the vector sum of the Coulombic forces acting on it due to these other
charges (b) except for electric potential, the sign of charges is not as essential in the resultant values of evaluation as the
influence of field line and polarity (attraction and repulsion) of forces (c) the electric field intensity at a point due to
several charges is the vector sum of the intensities due to individual charges. (d) the net electric potential based on
several charges acting around a point is the algebraic sum of individual electric potential based on the polarity of the
charges. (e) None of the above
2 2 2
31. The electric potential, V, in a region of space is given by V(x,y,z)= A (x +3y +z ) Where A is
constant. Derive the expression for the electric field, E at any point in this region. (a) (xi – 6yj +2zk) (b) -2A (xi
– 3yj - zk) (c) A (2xi – 3yj +zk) (d) 2A (xi – 3yj +zk) (e) -2A (xi – 3yj +zk)

32. When a 12V car battery runs a single 30.0W headlight, how many electrons pass through it each second? (a) 15.6
19 19 -19
electrons (b) 1.56 x 10 electrons (c) 1.6 x 10 electrons (d) 0.156 x 10 electrons (e) None of the above.
6
33. Calculate the final speed of a free electron accelerated through a potential difference of 100V (a) 0.6 x 10 m/s (b)
6 6 6 6
12 x 10 m/s (c) 3 x 10 m/s (d) 6 x 10 m/s (e) 1.6 x 10 m/s
34. An electron gun has a parallel plate separated by 4 cm and gives 25 keV of energy. (i.) What is the electric field
strength between the plates and (ii.) what force would this field exert on a piece of plastic with a 0.5µC charge that gets
5 5 5 5
between the plates? (a) 6.3 x10 V/m; 0.36 N (b) 3.1 x10 V/m; 0.313 N (c) 6.3 x10 V/m; 0.61 N (d) 6.3 x10 V/m;
5
0.313 N (e) 3.3 x10 V/m; 0.313 N

35.

Which is correct about electric field (E) and the electric potential (V) in the diagram above? (a) (for r>R) i.e.
r2: E(r)=0; V(r)= (b) (for r<R) i.e. r2: E(r)=0; V(r)=

(c) (for r>R) i.e. r2: E(r)=; V(r)= (d) (for r<R) i.e. r1: E(r)=; V(r)= (e)

(for r>R) i.e. r2: E(r)=; V(r)=

36. If 3 resistors R1, R2, R3 placed in parallel with each other were found later to be of equal resistances, what will be
2
their equivalent resistances (a) 3/R (b) (c) R1+R2+R3 (d) 3R (e)
-4 2 -3
37. A parallel plate capacitor has an area A=2.0 x 10 m . If the plates are separated by a distance d, 1.0 x10 m, what
-12
is the magnitude of the capacitance? Ɛ0=8.85x10 F/m (a) 2.3 pF (b) 2.0 pF (c) 1.77 pF (d) 1.5 PF (e) 0.17 µF

38.

The current in the diagram above is 0.125 A in the direction shown. For each of the following pair of points (i.e. AB,
BC, CD, DE, EA) what are their potential difference. (a) +1.25 V, +9.0 V, -1.375 V, -12 V, +0.375 V (b) -1.25 V, -9.0 V,
+1.375 V, -12 V, -0.375 V (c) -1.25 V, +9.0 V, +1.375 V, -12 V, -0.375 V (d) -1.25 V, -9.0 V, -1.375 V, +12 V, -0.375 V
(e) None of the above
-10
39. What is the resistivity of a wire of 1.0 mm diameter, 2.0 m length and 50 mΩ resistance? (a) 196 x 10 Ωm (b) 6.9
-6 -6 -8 -6
x 10 Ωm (c) 1.96 x 10 Ωm (d) 2.94 x 10 Ωm (e) 2 x 10 Ωm
-1 -1 -1
40. What is the unit of conductance and resistivity respectively? (a) Ohm , mho (b) Ohm m , Ohm.m (c) Siemens,
-1 -1
Ohm. (d) Ohm.m, Ohm , m (e) rho, ohms
41. Lenz’s law is the consequence of the law of conservation of (a) Energy (b)Charge (c) Field lines (d) Momentum
42. According to Huygens’ principle, light is a form of (a) Particle (b) Rays (c) Wave (d) radiation
43. Two coherent monochromatic light beams of intensities I and 41 superimpose. The maximum and minimum
possible intensities in the resulting beam are: (a) 5I and I (b) 5I and 3I (c) 3I and I (d) 9I and I
44. When exposed to sunlight, thin films of oil on water of ten exhibit brilliant colours due to the phenomenon of (a)
interference (b) diffraction (c) dispersion (d) polarization
45. When compact disk is illuminated by a source of white light, coloured lines are observed. This is due to (a)
dispersion (b) refraction (c) interference (d) diffraction
46. When unpolarised light beam is incident from air onto glass (n = 1.5) at the polarizing angle. (a) Reflected beam is
polarized completely (b) Reflected and refracted beams are partially polarized (c) Refracted beam is plane polarized (d)
Whole beam of light is refracted
47. Resolving power of microscope depends upon (a) wavelength of light used (directly proportional) (b) wavelength
of light used (inversely proportional) (c) frequency of light used (d) focal length of objective.
48. The phenomenon of interference is based on (a) conservation of momentum. (b) conservation of energy. (c)
conservation of momentum and energy. (d) quantum nature of light.
49. A double slit interference experiment is carried out in air and the entire arrangement is dipped in water. The fringe
width (a) increases (b) decreases (c) remains unchanged. (d) fringe pattern disappears.
50. In Young’s double slit experiment, if the monochromatic source of yellow light is replaced by red light, the fringe
width (a) increases (b) decreases (c) remains unchanged (d) the fringes disappear
51. Light propagates rectilinearly, due to (a) wave nature (b) wavelengths (c) velocity (d) frequency
52. Which of the following is correct for light diverging from a point source? (a) The intensity decreases in proportion
with the distance squared (b) The wavefront is parabolic (c) The intensity at the wavelength does not depend on the
distance (d) None of these.
53. The refractive index of glass is 1.5 for light waves of X = 6000 A in vacuum. Its wavelength in glass is (a) 2000 Å
(b) 4000 Å (c) 1000 Å (d) 3000 Å
54. The phenomena which is not explained by Huygen’s construction of wavefront (a) reflection (b) diffraction (c)
refraction (d) origin of spectra
55. A laser beam is used for locating distant objects because (a) it is monochromatic (b) it is not chromatic (c) it is not
observed (d) it has small angular spread.
56. When interference of light takes place (a) energy is created in the region of maximum intensity (b) energy is
destroyed in the region of maximum intensity (c) conservation of energy holds good and energy is redistributed (d)
conservation of energy does not hold good
57. In a double slit interference pattern, the first maxima for infrared light would be (a) at the same place as the first
maxima for green light (b) closer to the centre than the first maxima for green light (c) farther from the centre than the
first maxima for green light (d) infrared light does not produce an interference pattern.
58. The angular resolution of a 10 cm diameter telescope at a wavelength of 5000 A is of the order of (a) 106 rad (b)
10-2 rad (c) 10-4 rad (d) 10-6 rad
59. Consider the diffraction pattern for a small pinhole. As the size of the hole is increased (a) the size decreases. (b)
the intensity decreases. (c) the size increases. (d) the intensity decreases.
60. For light diverging from a point source (a) the wavefront is spherical. (b) the intensity increases in proportion to the
distance squared. (c) the wavefront is parabolic. (d) the intensity at the wavefront does not depend on the distance.
61. Resolving power of telescope can be increased by increasing (a) the wavelength (b) the diameter of objective (c) the
diameter of eyepiece (d) the focal length of eyepiece
62. Polarisation of light proves (a) corpuscular nature of light. (b) quantum nature of light. (c) transverse wave nature of
light. (d) longitudinal wave nature of light.
63. A virtual image can be formed by one or more of the following single mirrors? Identify them. (a) plane mirror (b)
concave spherical mirror (c) convex spherical mirror (d) all of the above.
64. The wave nature of light is demonstrated by which of the following? (a) the photoelectric effect (b) color (c) the
speed of light (d) diffraction.
65. The collision between a photon and a free electron was first explained by which of the following scientists? (a)
Einstein (b) Heisenberg (c) Compton (d) Bohr

THEORY

1. A Plane progressive wave is represented by the equation y = 0.1sin (200t - ) where y is in mm, t in seconds and x,
the distance from the point 0, in meters. Find (a) the frequency (b) the wavelength (c) the speed of the wave (d) what is
the phase difference between a point 0.25 m from 0 and another point 1.00 m from 0? (e) Write the wave equation for a
progressive wave having twice the amplitude, twice the frequency and moving in the opposite direction in the same
medium. (f) Explain a progressive wave (b) Show that a plane progressive wave equation is given as: y = A sin

2. A conductor circular loop of radius 0.250 m is placed in the xy-plane in a uniform magnetic field of 0.360T that
points in the positive z-direction, the same direction as the normal to the plane. (a) Calculate the magnetic flux through
0
the loop (b) suppose the loop is rotated clockwise around the x-axis, so the normal direction now points at a 45 angle
with respect to the z-axis. Recalculate the magnetic flux through the loop (c) what is the change in flux due to the
rotation of the loop (d) A wire carries a current of 22.0A from south to east. Assume that at this location the magnetic
-4
field of Earth is horizontal and directed from south to north and that it has a magnitude of 0.500 x 10 T with a 36.0 m
length of wire. Calculate the gravitational force on the same length of wire if it’s made of copper and has a cross-
-6 2
sectional area of 2.50 x 10 m .

3a. Compute the amount of charge on the 12 µF capacitor in the series arrangement shown below?
3b. Define internal resistance with a circuit diagram
3c. A wire has a resistance of 5.0 Ω is passed through an extruder so as to make it into a new wire three time as long as
the original. What is the new resistance?
3d. Calculate the final speed of a free electron accelerated from rest through s potential difference of 100 V
4a. If a battery is rated 60 Ah, how much total charge can it deliver before it goes dead?
4b. What is the conductivity of a material wire with 5mm diameter, 1.2m length and resistance of 200 kΩ
4c. what is the overall resistance from A to B in this circuit below?

5a) Briefly explain the concept of total internal reflection state the conditions for such a phenomenon to occur. b) If
refractive index from air to glass and from air to water are 1.50 and 1.33 respectively. Evaluate the critical angle for the
water-glass surface. c) State the laws of refraction of light. d) With a diagram explain the following for a concave
mirror: (i) Principal axis (ii) Pole (iii) Principal focus (iv) Radius of curvature (v) Focal length

6a) A concave mirror is to form 0.5m long image of a 5mm lamp filament on a screen 5m from the mirror. What is the
distance at which the filament is to be placed in front of the mirror? (bi) Define the terms power of lens and
accommodation power of normal eye. ii) Draw a well-scaled ray diagram of a compound microscope in normal and
derive the magnification.