Abnormal Psychology in A Changing World 10th Edition Nevid Test Bank

Abnormal Psychology in a Changing World 10th Edition Nevid Test Bank
Abnormal Psychology in a Changing World 10th

Edition Nevid Test Bank
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Total Assessment Guide
Topic Factual Conceptual Applied
Learning Objective Multiple Choice 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 1, 13, 15, 16, 25, 26,
9.1 10, 11, 12, 14, 17, 32
18, 19, 20, 21, 22,
23, 24, 27, 28, 29,
30, 31
True-False 175, 176, 177, 178,
179, 180, 181, 182,
183, 184, 185, 186,
187, 188, 189
Essay 246
Learning Objective Multiple Choice 33, 36, 37, 38, 39, 34, 35
9.2 40, 41, 42
True-False 190, 191, 192, 193,
194, 195
Essay
Learning Objective Multiple Choice 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57,
9.3 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 63
58, 59, 60, 61, 62
True-False 196, 197, 198, 199,
200, 201, 202, 203,
204, 205, 206
Essay 247 248
Learning Objective Multiple Choice 65, 66, 67 64
9.4
True-False 207, 208, 209, 210
Essay 249
Learning Objective Multiple Choice 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 86, 87, 88 90, 91, 92, 102
9.5 73, 74, 75, 76, 77,
78, 79, 80, 81, 82,
83, 84, 85, 89, 93,
94, 95, 96, 97, 98,
99, 100, 101, 103,
104
True-False 211, 212, 213, 214,
215, 216, 217, 218,
219, 220, 221, 222,
223, 224
Essay 250, 251, 252
Learning Objective Multiple Choice 105, 107, 108, 109, 116 106
9.6 110, 111, 112, 113,
114, 115
True-False 225
Essay 253
Learning Objective Multiple Choice 117, 118, 119
9.7
True-False 226
Essay
Learning Objective Multiple Choice 120, 121, 122, 123,
9.8 124, 125, 126, 127,
128, 129, 130
True-False 227, 228
Copyright © 2018, 2014, 2011, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Topic Factual Conceptual Applied
Essay
Learning Objective Multiple Choice 131, 132, 135, 136 133, 134
9.9
True-False 229, 230
Essay
Learning Objective Multiple Choice 137, 138, 139, 140
9.10
True-False 231
Essay
Learning Objective Multiple Choice 141, 142, 143, 144, 146
9.11 145, 147, 148, 149,
150, 151, 152, 153,
154, 155, 156, 157,
158, 159
True-False 232, 233, 234, 235,
236
Essay 254
Learning Objective Multiple Choice 160, 161, 162, 163, 173 172
9.12 164, 165, 166, 167,
168, 169, 170, 171,
174
True-False 237, 238, 239, 240,
241, 242, 243, 244,
245
Essay 255
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9
Eating Disorders and Sleep-Wake Disorders
Multiple-Choice Questions
1. Which person is most likely to develop an eating disorder?
a. A 28-year-old female corporate attorney
b. A 16-year-old high school male cheerleader
c. An 18-year-old female who just entered college
d. A 21-year-old male member of a heavy metal band
ANSWER: C
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 1 Page: 346
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.1
Skill: Applied
2. An eating disorder characterized by abnormally low weight and an intense fear of gaining weight is
______.
a. binge-eating disorder c. anorexia nervosa
b. identity disorder d. bulimia nervosa
ANSWER: C
Topic: Eating Disorders (Table 9.1)
Skill: Factual
3. An eating disorder characterized by recurrent binge eating followed by self-induced purging is ______.
a. binge-eating disorder c. anorexia nervosa
b. identity disorder d. bulimia nervosa
ANSWER: D
Topic: Eating Disorders (Table 9.1)
Skill: Factual
4. A(n) ______ is a psychological disorder characterized by disturbed patterns of eating and maladaptive
ways of controlling weight.
a. addiction c. amenorrhea
b. eating disorder d. hypermenorrhea
ANSWER: B
Skill: Factual
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5. Eating disorders are often accompanied by the following disorders EXCEPT ______.
a. schizophrenia c. anxiety disorders
b. depression d. substance abuse disorders
ANSWER: A
Skill: Factual
6. There are ______ major types of eating disorders.

a. two c. six
b. four d. eight
ANSWER: A
Skill: Factual
7. Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa usually begin in ______.

a. childhood c. young adulthood
b. adolescence d. middle adulthood
ANSWER: B
Skill: Factual
8. Which of the following people is most likely to develop bulimia nervosa?

a. An adolescent male c. An adult male
b. An adolescent female d. An adult female
ANSWER: B
Skill: Factual
9. About ______ percent of females in the United States develop anorexia nervosa.
a. 1 c. 10
b. 5 d. 20
ANSWER: A
Skill: Factual
10. Between ______ percent of females in the United States develop bulimia nervosa.
a. .1 and .3 c. 5 and 10
b. .9 and 1.5 d. 10 and 15
ANSWER: B
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Skill: Factual
11. About ______ in 1,000 males in the United States develop anorexia nervosa.
a. 1 c. 5
b. 3 d. 7
ANSWER: B
Skill: Factual
12. Anorexia nervosa is ______ common among men than women. Bulimia nervosa is ______ common
among men than women.
a. less; less c. more; less
b. less; more d. more; more
ANSWER: A
Skill: Factual
13. Felicia has an intense fear of being overweight. She also has a distorted body image in which she sees
herself as “fat” despite the fact that her physician says she underweight for her height, age, and bone
structure. She exercises excessively and still diets despite being 15 pounds lighter than her original
dieting goal. She is suffering from ______.
a. amenorrhea c. anorexia nervosa
b. bulimia nervosa d. cytomegalovirus
ANSWER: C
Skill: Applied
14. Fear of gaining weight and a distorted self-image are characteristic of ______.
a. anorexia nervosa c. binge-eating disorder
b. bulimia nervosa d. binge-purge disorder
ANSWER: A
Skill: Factual
15. In the case of anorexia nervosa in the text, Karen spent hours a day ______.
a. speaking on the cell phone to her therapist in another city
b. preparing gourmet meals for her family
c. thinking about cutting her arm
d. trying to figure out ways to attract a certain guy
ANSWER: B
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Skill: Applied
16. In the case of anorexia nervosa in the text, Karen wore ______.
a. gaudy earrings and hats to distract people from looking at her figure
b. skimpy outfits to show off her slimness
c. padded bras to compensate for her small breasts
d. baggy clothes to hide her body
ANSWER: D
Skill: Applied
17. Anorexia nervosa develops most commonly between the ages of ______.
a. 6 and 12 c. 18 and 24
b. 12 and 18 d. 24 and 30
ANSWER: B
Skill: Factual
18. A frequent observation is that girls with anorexia nervosa use ______ in addition to dieting to control
their weights.
a. excessive exercise c. meals rich with fruit and vegetables
b. amphetamines d. positive imagery of their ideal figures
ANSWER: A
Skill: Factual
19. Which activity has been associated with higher rates of anorexia among its participants for developing
anorexia nervosa?
a. Attending college c. Instrumental music
b. Modeling d. Singing
ANSWER: B
Skill: Factual
20. The decreased food consumption noted with anorexia can lead to_________.
a. overproductive oil glands and acne
b. increased thirst
c. obstruction or paralysis of the bowels or intestines
d. testosterone increases in females resulting in facial hair growth.
ANSWER: C
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Skill: Factual
21. Which of the following is true regarding anorexia nervosa?

a. Young girls with anorexia nervosa starve themselves in an attempt to look more masculine.
b. Women with anorexia nervosa have little difficulty adjusting to college life and living
independently.
c. People with anorexia nervosa see themselves as “too fat” despite having dangerously low body
weight.
d. People with anorexia nervosa eat very little because they have lost their appetite for food.
ANSWER: C
Skill: Factual
22. The rate of suicide attempts in young women with anorexia nervosa is _____that of young women in
the general population.
a. about the same as
b. much lower than
c. much higher than
d. difficult to determine when compared to
ANSWER: C
Skill: Factual
23. Binge-eating/purging type and restrictive type are two classifications of ______.
a. bulimia nervosa c. binge-eating disorder
b. anorexia nervosa d. binge-purge disorder
ANSWER: B
Skill: Factual
24. There are ______ general subtypes of anorexia nervosa.

a. two c. six
b. four d. eight
ANSWER: A
Skill: Factual
25. Annette suffers from recurrent episodes of gorging on large quantities of food followed by purging
through self-induced vomiting in order to prevent gaining weight. Although her weight is well below
normal to the point that others see her as “skin and bones,” she worries excessively about being fat. She
also has impulse control problems in other areas of her life. She is suffering from ______.
a. binge-eating/purging anorexia c. bulimia nervosa
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b. restrictive anorexia d. binge-eating disorder
ANSWER: A
Skill: Applied
26. Lois has an intense fear of being overweight. Although she talks a lot about food, she hardly eats at all.
She also has a distorted body image in which she sees herself as "fat" despite the fact that her physician
says she is 20% underweight for her height, age, and bone structure. She exercises excessively and still
rigidly and obsessively diets despite being 15 pounds lighter than her original dieting goal. She is
suffering from ______.
a. binge-eating/purging anorexia nervosa c. bulimia nervosa
b. restrictive anorexia nervosa d. binge-eating disorder
ANSWER: B
Skill: Applied
27. Which of the following characteristics are noted in people with the binge-eating/purging type of
anorexia nervosa?
a. A consistently cautious, conservative lifestyle
b. Careful control of eating
c. Obsessively controlled appearance
d. Substance abuse and/or stealing
ANSWER: D
Skill: Factual
28. People with anorexia nervosa may lose as much as ______ percent of their original weight.
a. 25 c. 45
b. 35 d. 55
ANSWER: B
Skill: Factual
29. The absence or suppression of menstruation is called ______.

a. dysmenorrhea c. hypermenorrhea
b. hypomenorrhea d. amenorrhea
ANSWER: D
Skill: Factual
30. All of the following are medical complications that can result from anorexia nervosa EXCEPT ______.
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a. osteoporosis c. amenorrhea
b. high blood pressure d. heart irregularities
ANSWER: B
Skill: Factual
31. Amenorrhea refers to the ______, which is a symptom of anorexia.

a. absence or suppression of menstruation c. fine, downy hair
b. yellow coloring d. brittle bones
ANSWER: A
Skill: Factual
32. You meet a slender girl with a yellow hue to her rather dry, cracking skin; she has fine, downy hair.
With this appearance, you suspect that she may have ______.
a. anorexia nervosa c. binge eating disorder
b. bulimia nervosa d. ulcers
ANSWER: A
Skill: Applied
33. Bous, the Greek word which is the root for bulimia, means ______.
a. hunger c. gigantic
b. ox d. nerves
ANSWER: B
Skill: Factual
34. Diane suffers from recurrent episodes of gorging on large quantities of food followed by purging
through self-induced vomiting in order to prevent gaining weight. Although her weight is normal, and
her ideal weight is relatively normal, she worries excessively about looking or becoming fat. She is
a. amenorrhea c. bulimia nervosa
b. anorexia nervosa d. cytomegalovirus
ANSWER: C
Skill: Applied
35. Hayley suffers from recurrent episodes of gorging on large quantities of food followed by purging
through self-induced vomiting in order to prevent gaining weight. Although her weight is normal, and
her ideal weight is relatively normal, she worries excessively about looking or becoming fat. She is
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ANSWER: C
Skill: Applied
36. The average age of onset for bulimia nervosa is the ______.
a. childhood to preteens c. late adolescence to early adulthood
b. early to mid-teens d. early adulthood to mid-adulthood.
ANSWER: C
Level of Difficulty (1-3):2 Page: 350
Skill: Factual
37. Which of the following is one of the DSM diagnostic criteria for bulimia nervosa?
a. Emphasis on a healthy appearing body.
b. Regular purging by means of laxatives, fasting, self-induced vomiting, or strenuous exercise.
c. In females, the absence of three or more consecutive menstrual periods.
d. Nonchalance about weight and body appearance.
ANSWER: B
Skill: Factual
38. The available evidence shows ______.

a. poor women are most likely to develop eating disorders
b. middle-class women are most likely to develop eating disorders
c. upper-class women are most likely to develop eating disorders
d. no strong linkage between socioeconomic status and eating disorders
ANSWER: D
Skill: Factual
39. Which of the following is a medical complication related to bulimia nervosa?

a. Diabetes c. Damage to vision
b. Disturbed menstrual function d. Increased sensitivity to vomit
ANSWER: D
Skill: Factual
40. The available evidence shows ______between socioeconomic status and eating disorders.
a. a strong relationship
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b. no strong linkage
c. inconclusive evidence
d. that when ethnicity is also considered, there is a strong relationship
ANSWER: B
Skill: Factual
41. A person with bulimia nervosa who repeatedly vomits or abuses laxatives and diuretics puts themselves
at risk for ______.
a. diabetes c. cancer
b. sudden death d. ulcers
ANSWER: B
Skill: Factual
42. Repeated vomiting or abuse of laxatives can lead to____________.

a. excessive iron in the blood
b. a potassium deficiency
c. acne
d. vitamin B deficiency
ANSWER: B
Skill: Factual
43. Probably the most important factors in the development of eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa
and bulimia nervosa are ______.
a. genetic factors that predispose many women to these disorders
b. social pressures and expectancies placed on young women to base their self-worth on their
appearance
c. personal efforts to overcome real problems with eating too much and getting fat
d. improperly learned eating behaviors during infancy and early childhood
ANSWER: B
Skill: Factual
44. Among college women, 1 in ______ were found to feel embarrassed when buying a single chocolate
bar.
a. 3 c. 7
b. 5 d. 9
ANSWER: C
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Skill: Factual
45. Girls as young as ______ express more dissatisfaction with their bodies than do boys.
a. 8 c. 11
b. 10 d. 12
ANSWER: A
Skill: Factual
46. A standard measure of overweight and obesity that takes both body weight and height into account is
the _____.
a. WAIS c. WISC
b. BMI d. BMW
ANSWER: B
Skill: Factual
47. The BMI takes ______ into account.

a. only weight c. weight and height
b. only weight and age d. weight and lifestyle
ANSWER: C
Skill: Factual
48. ______ out of five young women in the United States have gone on a diet by the time they reach their
18th birthdays.
a. One c. Three
b. Two d. Four
ANSWER: D
Skill: Factual
49. A study of the mass body index of ______ between 1920 and 1990 shows a clear trend towards the
idealization of thinness in women.
a. winners of the Oscar for best actress
b. winners of the Olympic gold medal in diving
c. first ladies of the United States
d. Miss America pageant winners
ANSWER: D
Skill: Factual
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50. Women with bulimia tend to be ______.
a. shy and have few close friends c. outgoing, but have few close friends
b. shy but have several close friends d. outgoing and have many close friends
ANSWER: A
Skill: Factual
51. Women with bulimia nervosa are more likely than other women to have experienced ______.
a. date or acquaintance rape c. abrupt weaning from the breast or bottle
b. sexual harassment d. childhood sexual or physical abuse
ANSWER: D
Skill: Factual
52. Which of the following statements is true regarding women with bulimia nervosa?
a. They have flexible attitudes.
b. They never dieted prior to the onset of bulimia.
c. They have “black and white” thinking.
d. They were of normal weight prior to developing bulimia.
ANSWER: C
Skill: Factual
53. Purging is ______ because it produces relief from anxiety over gaining weight.
a. classically conditioned c. modeled
b. positively reinforced d. negatively reinforced
ANSWER: D
Skill: Conceptual
54. Women with bulimia nervosa tend to be both perfectionistic and ______ in their thinking patterns.
a. moderate c. conservative
b. dichotomous d. liberal
ANSWER: B
Skill: Conceptual
55. Psychodynamic theorists view anorexia nervosa as ______.

a. a type of weight phobia
b. the result of the daughter's faulty identification with her mother
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c. an unconscious effort to remain a prepubescent child
d. a method of punishing overprotective, smothering parents
ANSWER: C
Skill: Conceptual
56. Families of young women with eating disorders tend to be ______ supportive and nurturing and
_______ overprotective than those of young women without eating disorders.
a. less, less c. more, less
b. less, more d. more, more
ANSWER: B
Skill: Conceptual
57. Systems theorists view anorexia nervosa as ______.

b. an effort to remain a prepubescent child
c. a method used by the anorexic for diverting family attention away from marital tensions and
family conflict onto themselves
d. a method for punishing over-demanding, manipulative parents
ANSWER: C
Skill: Conceptual
58. The text refers to an article, “______ and Fat as a Feminist Issue,” in discussing a controversy about
societal causes of eating disorders.
a. Princess Diana c. Barbie
b. Mary Kate Olson d. Britney Spears
ANSWER: C
Skill: Factual
59. The Barbie doll was designed to fit an idealized ______ fantasy of the female form.
a. childhood c. 16th century
b. feminine d. male
ANSWER: D
Skill: Factual
60. Interest in the biological underpinnings of eating disorders, especially bulimia nervosa, has largely
focused on the role of the neurotransmitter ______.
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a. serotonin c. epinephrine
b. dopamine d. acetylcholine
ANSWER: A
Skill: Factual
61. Prozac and Zoloft appear to ______ episodes in patients with bulimia nervosa.
a. decrease binge-eating c. decrease purging
b. increase binge-eating d. increase purging
ANSWER: A
Skill: Factual
62. Studies of twins have found ______ for a genetic component to anorexia nervosa and ______ for a
genetic component to bulimia nervosa.
a. no evidence, no evidence c. evidence, no support
b. support, no evidence d. evidence, evidence
ANSWER: D
Skill: Factual
63. The diathesis stress model views eating disorders as primarily ______.
b. an effort to remain a prepubescent child
c. genetically inherited tendencies that interact with family and social pressures
d. a method of punishing parents for feelings of loneliness and alienation they experience in the
home
ANSWER: C
Skill: Conceptual
64. Emily is a college freshman with anorexia nervosa whose weight has been dropping to dangerous, even
life-threatening levels. The treatment that Emily needs is ______.
a. cognitive behavioral c. interpersonal therapy
b. behavioral d. hospitalization
ANSWER: D
Skill: Applied
65. The specific behavioral techniques widely used for successfully reducing episodes of self-induced
vomiting in cases of bulimia nervosa are ______.
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a. exposure with response prevention
b. chain-breaking and response cost
c. negative reinforcement and cue-controlled relaxation
d. systematic desensitization and response cost
ANSWER: A
Skill: Factual
66. ______ therapy is an alternative for treating bulimia when cognitive-behavioral treatment fails.
a. Psychoanalytic c. Behavioral
b. Interpersonal d. Person-centered
ANSWER: B
Skill: Factual
67. Antidepressant drugs such as Prozac have shown _______ results in treating bulimia nervosa and
_______ results in treating anorexia nervosa
a. effective; effective c. mixed; effective
b. effective; mixed d. mixed; mixed
ANSWER: B
Skill: Factual
68. Obesity is classified as a ______.

a. medical condition c. sociocultural disorder
b. psychological disorder d. developmental disorder
ANSWER: A
Topic: A Closer Look: Obesity: A National Epidemic
Skill: Factual
69. Obesity puts individuals at risk for which of the following?

a. Some forms of cancer c. Liver disease
b. Alzheimer’s Disease d. Grave’s Disease
ANSWER: A
Skill: Factual
70. About ______ percent of American adults are clinically obese.

a. 10 c. 23
b. 13 d. 33
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ANSWER: D
Skill: Factual
71. About ______ of Americans are overweight.

a. one-third c. two-thirds
b. one-half d. three-fourths
ANSWER: C
Skill: Factual
72. One in ______ American children and teens are either overweight or obese.
a. two c. five
b. three d. seven
ANSWER: B
Skill: Factual
73. Obesity accounts for an estimated ______ excess deaths in the United States each year.
a. 160,000 c. 360,000
b. 260,000 d. 560,000
ANSWER: A
Skill: Factual
74. Experts estimate that obesity decreases a person life span by ______ years.
a. 2-3 c. 10-12
b. 6-7 d. 16-18
ANSWER: B
Skill: Factual
75. Investigators suspect _____________ over the past 20 years is more to blame for America’s expanding
waistline than consuming more calories.
a. increase ingestion of animal hormones c. more televisions and computers
b. misinformation about diet d. reduced physical activity
ANSWER: D
Skill: Factual
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76. According to the text, the key to preventing obesity is ______.
a. avoiding carbohydrates
b. matching energy expenditure with caloric intake
c. keeping a daily weight chart
d. avoiding fast food restaurants
ANSWER: B
Skill: Factual
77. As dieters lose large amounts of weight and attempt to keep it off, their bodies ______.
a. stop burning calories
b. burn fewer calories than their pre-diet rate
c. continue to burn calories at their pre-diet rate
d. burn more calories than their pre-diet rate
ANSWER: B
Skill: Factual
78. When you lose weight beyond a genetically determined set point, your body responds by ______.
a. slowing down your metabolism c. increasing your metabolism
b. stabilizing your metabolism d. causing your metabolism to fluctuate
ANSWER: A
Skill: Factual
79. The slowing of metabolism associated with dieting could be offset by ________.
a. using diet pills as a supplement c. a vigorous exercise program
b. periodic indulgences of desserts d. multivitamins
ANSWER: C
Skill: Factual
80. Fat cells are ______.

a. corpulent cells c. adipose tissue
b. excess epidermal cells d. striated tissue
ANSWER: C
Skill: Factual
81. Adipose tissue is comprised of cells that ______.
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a. burn fructose c. support the skeletal structure
b. attack infectious agents d. store fat
ANSWER: D
Skill: Factual
82. The brain structure that signals when we are hungry is the ______.
a. pituitary gland c. hippocampus
b. thalamus d. hypothalamus
ANSWER: D
Skill: Factual
83. Which of the following is true about obesity?

a. Obese people have about the same amount of adipose tissue than normal weight people.
b. People with higher levels of adipose tissue feel hungry sooner than other people, even with similar
levels of food intake.
c. Adipose tissue metabolizes food more rapidly than muscle tissue.
d. Dieting eliminates large numbers of fat cells.
ANSWER: B
Skill: Factual
84. A “big gulp” 64-ounce non-diet soft drink contains ______ calories.
a. 400 c. 700
b. 550 d. 800
ANSWER: D
Skill: Factual
85. After Santa Claus, the character recognized by most children is ______.
a. Barbie c. The Rock
b. Ronald McDonald d. Big Bird
ANSWER: B
Skill: Factual
86. According to psychodynamic theory, obese people are fixated in the ______ stage.
a. oral c. phallic
b. anal d. genital
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ANSWER: A
Skill: Conceptual
87. Psychodynamic theorists would expect orally fixated people to have specific conflicts concerning
______.
a. endurance c. achievement
b. dreams d. independence
ANSWER: D
Skill: Conceptual
88. Overeating in orally fixated people would likely be triggered by ______.

a. reminders of the Oedipus complex c. stress
b. sexual intercourse d. nightmares
ANSWER: C
Skill: Conceptual
89. Obesity is highest among people of ______ socioeconomic status.

a. low c. upper middle
b. middle d. upper
ANSWER: A
Skill: Factual
90. Albert weighs about forty percent more than his ideal body weight. He is most likely to be in which
socioeconomic group?
a. upper class c. lower-middle class
b. upper-middle class d. lower class
ANSWER: D
Skill: Applied
91. Which of the following people is at highest risk of being obese?

a. A wealthy African American male c. A poor non-Hispanic White male
b. A poor Native American female d. A wealthy Hispanic female
ANSWER: B
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Skill: Applied
92. Which of the following people is at lowest risk of being obese?

a. A poor African American male c. A wealthy non-Hispanic White male
b. A poor Native American female d. A wealthy Hispanic female
ANSWER: C
Skill: Applied
93. Which of the following statements is true?

a. Poorer people turn to religion to cope with the stress of living in the inner city.
b. Poorer people exercise more regularly than more affluent people because they must walk
everywhere they go.
c. Poorer people have more access to information regarding health care but choose not to read it.
d. Poorer people have less access to health care.
ANSWER: D
Skill: Factual
94. What is the prevalence of obesity in Japanese American men compared to men living in Japan?
a. Equal
b. Two to three times higher in Japanese Americans
c. Two to three times higher in men living in Japan
d. Only 1.5 times higher in men living in Japan if sumo wrestlers are excluded
ANSWER: B
Skill: Factual
95. Which of the following groups of women show the lowest rates of obesity?
a. Non-Hispanic White women
b. African American women
c. Hispanic American women
d. There are no differences in rates of obesity among non-Hispanic White women, African American
women, and Hispanic-American women.
ANSWER: A
Skill: Factual
96. Which of the following groups of women show the highest rates of obesity?
a. non-Hispanic White women
b. African American women
c. Hispanic American women
d. There are no differences in rates of obesity among non-Hispanic White women, African American
women, and Hispanic-American women.
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ANSWER: B
Skill: Factual
97. What is the percentage of people who regain weight they lose after dieting?
a. 40 c. 70
b. 50 d. 90
ANSWER: D
Skill: Factual
98. The therapeutic approach MOST supported by research in treating binge-eating disorder is ______
therapy.
a. traditional psychoanalysis c. cognitive-behavioral
b. family-ecological d. sociocultural
ANSWER: C
Skill: Factual
99. People who have recurrent eating binges but do not purge most likely have ______.
b. bulimia nervosa d. binge-purge eating disorder
ANSWER: C
Skill: Factual
100. A person who has a binge-eating disorder may demonstrate which of the following?
a. A history of unsuccessful attempts at losing weight
b. A history of childhood sexual abuse
c. Evidence of binge-eating once a month
d. A history of laxative abuse
ANSWER: A Level of Difficulty (1-3): 2 Page: 359

Skill: Factual
101. Binge-eating disorder is closely related to ______.

a. being severely underweight c. obesity and severe obesity
b. a history of binging and purging d. hypochondriasis
ANSWER: C
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Skill: Factual
102. Phyllis is 28 years old. She is obese and describes herself as a “compulsive overeater.” She has a
history of depression and unsuccessful attempts at weight loss. While she has repeated episodes of
binge eating, she does not purge herself of the excess food afterwards. Her symptoms sound most
typical of someone with ______.
ANSWER: D
Skill: Applied
103. People with ______ are described as compulsive overeaters.

b. bulimia nervosa d. binge-purging disorder
ANSWER: C
Skill: Factual
104. Cognitive-behavioral techniques and ______ have been successful in treating binge-eating disorder.
a. antidepressants c. humanistic therapy
b. psychodynamic therapy d. family therapy
ANSWER: A
Skill: Factual
105. The DSM-5 uses use the term sleep-wake disorders instead of the earlier DSM diagnostic term, sleep
disorders, in order to underscore ____________.
a. that sleep problems affect daytime alertness and functioning
b. the problems identified in this classification occur during sleep or at the threshold between sleep
and wakefulness
c. the need to understand the balance of circadian rhythms
d. how important good sleep is to psychological adjustment
ANSWER: B
Topic: Sleep-Wake Disorders
Skill: Factual
106. Andy went to a sleep center where he spent the night wired to devices that tracked his
physiological (brain waves, heart, and respiration rates) responses while he slept. The assessment Andy
underwent is called a _______________.
a. polysomnographic (PSG) recording
b. an electroencephalocardiogram sleep study
c. a sleep stress assessment
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d. a delta wave assessment
ANSWER: A
Skill: Applied
107. Polysomnographic recording is used to help diagnose ______.

a. eating disorders c. sleep disorders
b. asthma d. cardiovascular disorders
ANSWER: C
Skill: Factual
108. Which of the following is a physiological response measure by a polysomnographic recording?

a. Blood sugar levels c. Galvanic skin response
b. Stomach acid production d. Eye movements
ANSWER: D
Skill: Factual
109. Sleep problems have a major economic impact, accounting for more than ________ sick days among
the nation’s workers.
a. 100 million
b. 100,000
c. 250 million
d. 500 million
ANSWER: C
Skill: Factual
110. People with ______ have difficulty falling asleep or remaining asleep, or achieving restorative sleep.
a. insomnia disorder c. cataplexy
b. narcolepsy d. primary hypersomnia
ANSWER: A
Skill: Factual
111. A sleep disorder characterized by chronic or persistent insomnia, not caused by another psychological
or physical disorder or by the effects of drugs or medication, is ______.
a. primary hypersomnia c. insomnia disorder
b. circadian-rhythm sleep disorder d. cataplexy
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ANSWER: C
Skill: Factual
112. In terms of types of sleep problems, older people are more likely to complain of________ while
younger people complain more about____________.
a. waking frequently during the night; taking too long to get to sleep
b. taking too long to get to sleep; waking frequently during the night
c. aches and pains while they sleep; having too much wakeful energy at bedtime
d. needing to go to the bathroom during the night; sleeping too long and too soundly
ANSWER: A
Skill: Factual
113. The most commonly occurring sleep disorder is ______.

a. hypersomnia c. narcolepsy
b. sleep apnea d. insomnia disorder
ANSWER: D
Skill: Factual
114. Insomnia disorder primarily affects ______.

a. children c. young adults
b. adolescents d. people over 40
ANSWER: D
Skill: Factual
115. Insomnia disorder applies to cases of ______.

a. sporadic or occasional insomnia that last for no more than a few days at a time
b. sporadic cases of occasional insomnia that recurs every few months
c. persistent insomnia that can be accounted for by other psychological or physical disorders, or the
effects of medicine
d. persistent insomnia that cannot be accounted for by other psychological or physical disorders, or
the effects of medicine
ANSWER: D
Skill: Factual
116. The development of chronic insomnia is best explained by principles of ______.

a. social learning c. operant conditioning
b. classical conditioning d. psychodynamic theory
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ANSWER: B
Skill: Conceptual
117. A pattern of excessive sleepiness during the day that continues for a period of a month or longer is
called ______.
a. sleep apnea c. cataplexy
b. narcolepsy d. hypersomnolence disorder
ANSWER: D
Skill: Factual
118. "Sleep drunkenness" refers to ______.

a. primary insomnia c. sleepwalking disorder
b. narcolepsy d. hypersomnolence disorder
ANSWER: D
Skill: Factual
119. Hypersomnolence disorder afflicts between ______ of the population.

a. 1–2% c. 5–10%
b. 2–4% d. 15–20%
ANSWER: A
Skill: Factual
120. A disorder in which people suddenly fall asleep without warning at various times during the day is
called ______.
a. primary hypersomnia c. cataplexy
b. apnea d. narcolepsy
ANSWER: D
Skill: Factual
121. People typically sleep about ______ during a narcolepsy attack.

a. 2 to 3 minutes c. 2 to 3 hours
b. 15 minutes d. 6 to 8 hours
ANSWER: B
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Skill: Factual
122. Narcolepsy is diagnosed when attacks occur for a period of ______ or longer.
a. 3 months c. 9 months
b. 6 months d. 12 months
ANSWER: A
Skill: Factual
123. People with narcolepsy go immediately into ______ sleep during a narcoleptic attack.
a. stage 1 c. stage 4
b. stage 2 d. REM sleep
ANSWER: D
Skill: Factual
124. Cataplexy is a key feature of ______.

a. primary hypersomnia c. narcolepsy
b. primary insomnia d. apnea
ANSWER: C
Skill: Factual
125. Cataplexy typically follows ______.

a. periods of prolonged sleep c. periods of intense concentration
b. strong emotional reactions d. periods of deep relaxation
ANSWER: B
Skill: Factual
126. A disorder involving a sudden loss of muscular control is called ______.

a. sleep paralysis c. cataplexy
b. sleep apnea d. primary hypersomnia
ANSWER: C
Skill: Factual
127. People afflicted with narcolepsy often experience which of the following?
a. High blood pressure c. Sleep paralysis
b. Obstructive sleep apnea d. Auditory hallucinations
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ANSWER: C
Skill: Factual
128. Narcolepsy affects about ______ out of 2,000 people in the general population.
a. 1 c. 16
b. 2 d. 32
ANSWER: A
Skill: Factual
129. Narcolepsy affects ______.

a. men and women equally
b. men more than women
c. women more than men
d. young men and older women more than older men and younger women
ANSWER: A
Skill: Factual
130. Which of the following is true of narcolepsy?

a. Narcoleptic attacks are preceded by an aura.
b. Narcoleptics typically have a history of asthma or panic disorder.
c. Household accidents resulting from falls are common in people who have narcolepsy.
d. Narcolepsy is related to a lack of adequate sleep during the night.
ANSWER: C
Skill: Factual
131. The common type of breathing-related sleep disorder is ______.

a. narcolepsy c. primary hypersomnia
b. obstructive sleep apnea d. sleep paralysis
ANSWER: B
Skill: Factual
132. A disorder involving complete or partial obstruction of breathing during sleep is ______.
a. narcolepsy c. obstructive sleep apnea
b. cataplexy d. hypersomnia
ANSWER: C
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Skill: Factual
133. Which of the following people is MOST likely to have obstructive sleep apnea?
a. A 25-year-old male c. A 45-year-old male
b. A 25-year-old female d. A 45-year-old female
ANSWER: C
Skill: Applied
134. Which of the following people is MOST likely to have obstructive sleep apnea?
a. A normal weight male c. An obese male
b. A normal weight female d. An obese female
ANSWER: C
Skill: Applied
135. Obstructive sleep apnea is NOT related to which of the following?

a. Diabetes c. Hypertension
b. Schizophrenia d. Depression
ANSWER: B
Skill: Factual
136. Which of the following is true of obstructive sleep apnea?

a. Its occurrence increases as people age, up until around the age of 30 years.
b. A sufferer may stop breathing several hundred times during the night without knowing it.
c. It is more common in women than in men.
d. Many of the sufferers had asthma during childhood.
ANSWER: B
Skill: Factual
137. A circadian rhythm lasts about ______ hours.

a. 6 c. 24
b. 12 d. 48
ANSWER: C
Skill: Factual
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138. A 24-hour rhythm is known as a(n) ______ rhythm.
a. ultradian c. circadian
b. infradian d. meridian
ANSWER: C
Skill: Factual
139. ______ sleep-wake disorder involves a mismatch between the sleep schedule demands of the person's
environment and the person's internal sleep-wake cycle.
a. Circadian rhythm c. Narcoleptic
b. Obstructive apnea d. Night terrors
ANSWER: A
Skill: Factual
140. Which of the following is true of circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorder?

a. It is synonymous with “jet lag.”
b. It can lead to the development of hypertension.
c. It can indirectly result from frequent changes in time zones and work shifts.
d. It appears to have a genetic base.
ANSWER: C
Skill: Factual
141. Disorders involving abnormal behaviors or physiological events taking place during sleep or during the
threshold between wakefulness and sleep are called ______.
a. parasomnias c. endosomnias
b. mesosomnias d. dyssomnias
ANSWER: A
Skill: Factual
142. Which of the following is a parasomnia?

a. Arousal disorder c. Sleep terrors
b. Narcolepsy d. Delayed sleep phase preference
ANSWER: C
Skill: Factual
143. Intense episodes, usually among children, of sitting up during deep sleep, appearing frightened,
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showing signs of extreme arousal, talking, thrashing wildly, but remaining asleep, and remembering
nothing of the episode the next morning are typical of ______.
a. nightmare disorder c. circadian rhythm sleep disorder
b. sleep terror disorder d. sleepwalking disorder
ANSWER: B
Skill: Factual
144. Sleep terrors are ______ intense than nightmares and usually occur in ______ sleep.
a. less; non-REM c. less; REM
b. more; non-REM d. more; REM
ANSWER: B
Skill: Factual
145. Sleep terror disorder affects more ______ and is usually outgrown during ______.
a. boys; childhood c. boys; adolescence
b. girls; childhood d. girls; adolescence
ANSWER: C
Skill: Factual
146. Which of the following people is most likely to have sleep terror disorder?
a. A male child c. A male adult
b. A female child d. A female adult
ANSWER: A
Skill: Applied
147. Sleep terror disorder afflicts about ______ percent of 18-month old children.
a. 1 c. 11
b. 6 d. 37
ANSWER: D
Skill: Factual
148. Sleep terror disorder afflicts about______ percent of adults.

a. 2 c. 10
b. 5 d. 20
ANSWER: A
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Skill: Factual
149. Repeated episodes in which a sleeper arises from bed and walks around the house while remaining fully
asleep are typical of ______.
a. nightmare disorder c. circadian rhythm sleep disorder
b. sleep terror disorder d. sleepwalking disorder
ANSWER: D
Skill: Factual
150. Which of the following is true of sleepwalking episodes?

a. They tend to occur during the first stages of sleep.
b. They appear to involve the enactment of a dream.
c. They are more common in adults than in children.
d. Repeated episodes can cause significant personal distress.
ANSWER: D
Skill: Factual
151. Which of the following is true of sleepwalking?

a. It appears to be caused by an overactive reticular activating system in the brain.
b. It is dangerous to wake a sleepwalker.
c. When they awaken the next morning, sleepwalkers typically have little, if any, memory of the
sleepwalking episode.
d. Sleepwalkers often recall vivid contents of a dream if awakened while sleepwalking.
ANSWER: C
Skill: Factual
152. Sleepwalking disorder afflicts between ______ percent of children.

a. 1 and 5 c. 11 and 15
b. 6 and 10 d. 16 and 20
ANSWER: A
Skill: Factual
153. ______ involves repeated episodes of acting out one’s dreams during REM sleep in the form of
vocalizing parts of the dream or thrashing about.
a. Nightmare disorder c. Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder
b. Sleep terror disorder d. Sleepwalking disorder
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ANSWER: C
Skill: Factual
154. ______ involves recurrent awakenings from sleep because of frightening dreams.
a. Nightmare disorder c. Circadian rhythm sleep disorder
b. Sleep terror disorder d. Sleepwalking disorder
ANSWER: A
Skill: Factual
155. ______ of the adult population experiences intense nightmares that could be diagnosed as nightmare
disorder.
a. It is unknown as to what percentage c. Ten percent
b. Less than one percent d. Five percent
ANSWER: A
Skill: Factual
156. Nightmares are associated with ______.

a. lack of exercise c. traumatic experiences
b. eating too much before going to bed d. depletion of serotonin
ANSWER: C
Skill: Factual
157. __________ is associated with nightmares.

a. Lack of exercise c. Stress
b. Eating too much before going to bed d. Depletion of dopamine
ANSWER: C
Skill: Factual
158. Nightmares occur during ______ sleep.

a. stage 1 c. stage 4
b. stage 2 d. REM
ANSWER: D
Skill: Factual
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159. REM sleep periods become ______ and dreams become ______ intense during the latter half of sleep.
a. shorter; less c. shorter; more
b. longer; less d. longer; more
ANSWER: D
Skill: Factual
160. The most common method of treating sleep disorders in the United States is through ______.
a. behavior modification techniques c. sleep medications
b. psychosurgical techniques d. stress-reduction techniques
ANSWER: C
Skill: Factual
161. Sleep medications used to combat sleep disorders are most often ______.
a. antianxiety drugs c. major tranquilizers
b. antidepressant drugs d. analgesics
ANSWER: A
Skill: Factual
162. Sleep medications primarily work by increasing the activity of ______.

a. serotonin c. norepinephrine
b. GABA d. acetylcholine
ANSWER: B
Skill: Factual
163. Research has found that when used for the short-term treatment of insomnia, sleep medications do
which of the following?
a. Increase the amount of REM sleep
b. Increase dopamine production in the brain
c. Increase respiration rate
d. Increase the total length of sleep
ANSWER: D
Skill: Factual
164. Which of the following is a problem associated with the use of tranquilizers to combat insomnia?
a. Tranquilizers tend to increase REM sleep.
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b. Tranquilizers may reduce the amount of GABA available in the brain.
c. Tranquilizers can cause night sweats.
d. Tranquilizers can result in rebound insomnia following discontinuation of the drug.
ANSWER: D
Skill: Factual
165. Regular use of drugs such as benzodiazepines to combat insomnia lead to ______.
a. neither tolerance nor dependence c. dependence, but not tolerance
b. tolerance, but not dependence d. tolerance and dependence
ANSWER: D
Skill: Factual
166. Regular use of prescription sleep medications produces ______.

a. neither physiological nor psychological dependence
b. physiological, but not psychological, dependence
c. psychological, but not physiological, dependence
d. both physiological and psychological dependence
ANSWER: D
Skill: Factual
167. Stimulants are often used to treat people with ______.

a. sleepwalking disorder c. primary insomnia
b. narcolepsy d. sleep terror disorder
ANSWER: B
Skill: Factual
168. Psychological approaches to treating sleep disorders have been largely limited to treating ______.
a. primary hypersomnia c. insomnia disorder (primary insomnia)
b. sleepwalking disorder d. night terror disorder
ANSWER: C
Skill: Factual
169. The type of psychological approach which has become predominant in the treatment of sleep disorders
is ______.
a. social learning therapy c. psychoanalysis
b. cognitive-behavior therapy d. humanistic therapy
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ANSWER: B
Skill: Factual
170. The psychological intervention for primary insomnia that has been used to treat it most successfully is
______ therapy.
a. psychodynamic c. cognitive-behavioral
b. humanistic d. Gestalt
ANSWER: C
Skill: Factual
171. A behavioral technique for combating insomnia that involves changing the environment associated with
sleeping is known as ______.
a. rational restructuring c. aversive conditioning
b. response cost d. stimulus control
ANSWER: D
Skill: Factual
172. To combat her insomnia, Nichole decides to stop using her bed for any other activities (such as reading,
eating, or tossing and turning, etc.). From now on she will use it only for sleeping, and she will limit the
time she spends in bed trying to fall asleep to no more than 10 to 20 minutes at a time. Her approach is
typical of ______.
ANSWER: D
Skill: Applied
173. A cognitive technique for substituting logical, sensible alternatives for self-defeating, maladaptive
thoughts or beliefs is ______.
ANSWER: A
Skill: Conceptual
174. Which of the following is a recommended technique to help you fall asleep better at night?
a. Go to bed only when you feel sleepy.
b. Drink several glasses of wine.
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c. Exercise late in the evening before bedtime.
d. Watch TV or read in bed.
ANSWER: A
Topic: A Closer Look: To Sleep, Perchance to Dream
Skill: Factual
True-False Questions
175. In a nation of plenty, some people deliberately starve themselves — sometimes to death.
ANSWER: T
Skill: Factual
176. People are more likely to deliberately starve themselves to death in third-world countries than first-
world countries.
ANSWER: F
Skill: Factual
177. Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are becoming increasingly rare in the United States.
ANSWER: F
Skill: Factual
178. Over the United States’ recent history, the percentage of its citizens with eating disorders has steadily
decreased.
ANSWER: F
Skill: Factual
179. Anorexia nervosa is much more common than bulimia nervosa.
ANSWER: F
Skill: Factual
180. Anorexia nervosa is about as common in the U.S. as bulimia nervosa is.
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ANSWER: T
Skill: Factual
181. Anorexia nervosa is far more common in women than in men.
ANSWER: T
Skill: Factual
182. Bulimia nervosa is far more common in women than in men.
ANSWER: T
Skill: Factual
183. Though others see them as “skin and bones,” young women with anorexia still see themselves as too
fat.
ANSWER: T
Skill: Factual
184. The addition of body fat associated with puberty is natural in early adolescence.
ANSWER: T
Skill: Factual
185. Individuals with the binge eating/purging type of anorexia tend to have problems with impulse control.
ANSWER: T
Skill: Factual
186. Cardiac problems with anorexia can include high blood pressure.
ANSWER: F
Skill: Factual
187. One of the medical problems associated with anorexia is paralysis of the bowels or intestines.
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ANSWER: T
Skill: Factual
188. Rates of suicide in individuals suffering from anorexia nervosa are eight times higher than the general
population.
ANSWER: T
Skill: Factual
189. A person suffering from anorexia nervosa may lose as much as 35% of her body weight.
ANSWER: T
Skill: Factual
190. A person with bulimia typically relies on strenuous exercise as a strategy for purging.
ANSWER: F
Skill: Factual
191. A DSM-5 diagnosis of bulimia nervosa requires that binge-eating episodes occur at an average
frequency of at least once a week for 12 months.
ANSWER: F
Skill: Factual
192. Individuals with bulimia nervosa are usually of normal weight.
ANSWER: T
Skill: Factual
193. Individuals with bulimia nervosa are about 20% below healthy weight ranges.
ANSWER: F
Skill: Factual
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194. Bulimia nervosa typically affects women in late adolescence or early adulthood.
ANSWER: T
Skill: Factual
195. Repeated vomiting or abuse of laxatives can lead to sudden death.
ANSWER: T
Skill: Factual
196. Sociocultural theorists believe that media images of ultrathin models and performers increase body
dissatisfaction and may lead to disordered eating behavior
ANSWER: T
Skill: Factual
197. BMI is a measure of waist to weight ratio.
ANSWER: F
Skill: Factual
198. BMI means Body Mass Index.
ANSWER: T
Skill: Factual
199. Eating disorders are less common in non-Western countries that the United States.
ANSWER: T
Skill: Factual
200. Investigators expect that the prevalence of eating disorders in young women of color will rise with
increased exposure to Eurocentric concepts of feminine beauty.
ANSWER: T
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Skill: Factual
201. People with anorexia nervosa may restrict their food intake in a misguided attempt to relieve upsetting
emotions by seeking mastery or control over their bodies.
ANSWER: T
Skill: Factual
202. Childhood sexual abuse is associated with an increased risk of developing bulimia.
ANSWER: T
Skill: Factual
203. People who struggle with bulimia tend to think in dichotomous or “black or white” terms.
ANSWER: T
Skill: Factual
204. Most eating disorders develop in nurturing, conflict-free families.
ANSWER: F
Skill: Factual
205. Drugs used to treat depression may help curb bulimic binges.
ANSWER: T
Skill: Factual
206. Genetics appears to play an important role in the development of eating disorders.
ANSWER: T
Skill: Factual
207. Eating disorders are relatively easy to treat.
ANSWER: F
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Skill: Factual
208. Hospitalization is almost always necessary for the effective treatment of anorexia or bulimia.
ANSWER: F
Skill: Factual
209. Hospitalization is never necessary for the treatment of anorexia or bulimia.
ANSWER: F
Skill: Factual
210. A combination of antidepressants and cognitive-behavior therapy has proven to be the ideal treatment
for bulimia.
ANSWER: F
Skill: Factual
211. Obesity has become a national epidemic.
ANSWER: T
Skill: Factual
212. Obesity is one of the most common psychological disorders in the United States.
ANSWER: F
Skill: Factual
213. Obesity is not a psychological disorder, but instead classified as a medical condition.
ANSWER: T
Skill: Factual
214. Around the world, there are as many people overweight as underfed.
ANSWER: T
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Skill: Factual
215. As a result of all the money and effort spent on weight loss products and programs, America’s
collective waistlines are stabilizing.
ANSWER: F
Skill: Factual
216. When you lose weight, your body starts putting the brakes on the rate at which it burns calories.
ANSWER: T
Skill: Factual
217. Obese people lose fat cells when they diet.
ANSWER: F
Skill: Factual
218. Obese people have more fat cells than people who are not obese.
ANSWER: T
Skill: Factual
219. Poorer people exercise less regularly than more affluent people do.
ANSWER: T
Skill: Factual
220. Incidence of obesity is highest among people of lower socioeconomic status.
ANSWER: T
Skill: Factual
221. There is no relationship between ethnicity and obesity.
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ANSWER: F
Skill: Factual
222. Most dieters eventually gain back the weight they lose.
ANSWER: T
Skill: Factual
223. BED is more common than either anorexia or bulimia.
ANSWER: T
Skill: Factual
224. People with BED tend to be younger than those with anorexia or bulimia.
ANSWER: F
Skill: Factual
225. Many Americans commonly suffer from sleep attacks in which they suddenly fall asleep without
warning.
ANSWER: F
Skill: Factual
226. Narcolepsy is sometimes referred to as “sleep drunkenness.”
ANSWER: F
Skill: Factual
227. Narcoleptic attacks are associated with an almost immediate transition from wakefulness to rapid eye
movement (REM) sleep.
ANSWER: T
Skill: Factual
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228. Narcolepsy is often associated with cataplexy, a medical condition in which a person experiences
auditory hallucinations.
ANSWER: F
Skill: Factual
229. People with obstructive sleep apnea repeatedly fall asleep without warning.
ANSWER: F
Skill: Factual
230. Some people literally gasp for breath hundreds of times during sleep without realizing it.
ANSWER: T
Skill: Factual
231. Circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders involve a persistent disruption of the person’s natural sleep-
wake cycle.
ANSWER: T
Skill: Factual
232. Most people who have sleep terrors fall back to sleep and remember nothing of them when they
awaken.
ANSWER: T
Skill: Factual
233. The population most likely to suffer from sleep terrors are older adults who have been exposed to
childhood trauma.
ANSWER: T
Skill: Factual
234. Persons with rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder may suddenly kick or flail their arms,
potentially causing injuries to themselves or their bed partner.
ANSWER: T
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Skill: Factual
235. Nightmares generally occur during REM sleep.
ANSWER: T
Skill: Factual
236. The real difference between a nightmare and a night terror is the heightened intensity of the dreams
occurring within the night terror.
ANSWER: F
Skill: Factual
237. The most common method for treating sleep disorders in the United States is hypnosis.
ANSWER: F
Skill: Factual
238. Luckily, most sleep medications have a very low probability of producing any form of chemical
dependence.
ANSWER: F
Skill: Factual
239. There is little evidence of long-term benefits of drug therapy for insomnia after the use of the drugs
ceases.
ANSWER: T
Skill: Factual
240. Reliance on sleeping pills does nothing to resolve the underlying cause of the problem or help a person
learn more effective ways of coping.
ANSWER: T
Skill: Factual
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241. Psychological approaches have been successfully used to treat every major sleep disorder except
insomnia.
ANSWER: F
Skill: Factual
242. Stimulus control techniques strengthen the connection between the bed and sleep by restricting the
activities in bed as much as possible to sleeping.
ANSWER: T
Skill: Factual
243. Cognitive-behavioral therapy is typically used only as a last resort in treating insomnia.
ANSWER: F
Skill: Factual
244. Exercising heavily just before bedtime can help eliminate insomnia.
ANSWER: F
Skill: Factual
245. One of the steps the text mentions to develop healthier sleeping patterns is to drink a warm glass of
milk before going to bed.
ANSWER: F
Skill: Factual
Essay Questions
246. Describe the features of anorexia and bulimia and the medical complications associated with each.
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 1 Page: 346-347

Skill: Factual
247. Discuss the causal factors involved with anorexia and bulimia.
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Skill: Factual
248. State your opinion and the basis for your opinion on whether Barbie should be banned.

Skill: Applied
249. Discuss the treatment of anorexia and bulimia. What methods hold the most promise?

Skill: Factual
250. Describe the features of binge-eating disorder and how it differs from bulimia.

Skill: Factual
251. What factors contribute to the imbalance between energy intake and expenditure that underlies obesity?

Skill: Factual
252. Discuss socioeconomic differences in obesity and the possible reasons for those differences.

Skill: Factual
253. Describe the features of insomnia disorder, hypersomnolence disorder, narcolepsy, breathing-related
sleep disorder, and circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorder.

Skill: Factual
254. Describe the features of the major types of parasomnias: nightmare disorder, sleep terror disorder, and
sleepwalking disorder.

Skill: Factual
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255. Discuss pharmacological and psychological treatments of sleep disorders. Detail the concerns
surrounding the use of sleep medications.

Skill: Factual
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REVEL QUIZ QUESTIONS
EOC Q9.1
Sixteen-year-old Sarah is tall and weighs 78 pounds. She counts calories and exercises
continuously, and has a very rigid and controlled personality. With what type of anorexia
nervosa would Sarah most likely be diagnosed?
a) binge-eating
b) obsessive-compulsive
c) binge/purge
d) restricting
Answer: d
Learning Objective: 9.1 Describe the key features of anorexia nervosa.
Skill Level: Apply
Difficulty: Difficult
EOC Q9.2
Theresa is a normal weight for a girl her age and height, but she is obsessed with the idea that
she is too fat. She often goes without eating all day, and then in the middle of the night sneaks
into the kitchen and eats everything she can find. A typical binge might include an entire roasted
chicken with mashed potatoes and gravy, some bread, and a half gallon of ice cream. Afterward,
she always goes to the bathroom to throw up the food. Theresa most likely would be diagnosed
with __________.
a) anorexia nervosa
b) bulimia nervosa
c) pica
d) obsessive-compulsive disorder
Answer: b
Learning Objective: 9.2 Describe the key features of bulimia nervosa.
Skill Level: Apply
Difficulty: Moderate
741
EOC Q9.3
Research links bulimia nervosa with a history of __________ in childhood.
a) food deprivation
b) sedentary tendencies
c) physical and sexual abuse
d) poor academic performance
Answer: c
Learning Objective: 9.3 Describe causal factors involved in anorexia nervosa and bulimia
nervosa.
Skill Level: Analyze
EOC Q9.4
Stella, a woman with bulimia nervosa, is working with a therapist. Stella’s therapist has her eat
“forbidden” foods while she stands by to prevent vomiting until the urge to purge passes. The
therapist is using a __________ technique called __________.
a) psychodynamic; ego management

b) humanistic; thought extinction
c) behavioral; exposure with response prevention
d) classical conditioning; aversion training
Answer: c
Learning Objective: 9.4 Evaluate methods used to treat anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.
Skill Level: Apply
742
EOC Q9.5
Myra, age 40, developed obesity in her thirties and is now 60 pounds overweight. Myra is known
to consume several meat-lovers pizzas and breadsticks within the course of an evening. Although
she is depressed after eating so much, Myra does nothing to compensate for her large caloric
consumption. Myra has engaged in this pattern of behavior at least once a week for several
months. The diagnosis that best matches Myra’s behaviors is __________.
a) bulimic obesity disorder

b) morbidly obese
c) binge-eating disorder
d) non-restrictive obesity
Answer: c
Learning Objective: 9.5 Describe the key features of binge-eating disorder and identify effective
treatments for binge-eating disorder.
Skill Level: Apply
EOC Q9.6
Presently, about __________ children and teens in the United States are either overweight or
obese.
a) one in five
b) one in three
c) one in two
d) three out of five
Answer: b
Skill Level: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
743
EOC Q9.7
Insomnia must last for at least __________ months and occur at least __________ times a week
for a diagnosis of insomnia disorder.
a) 2; 3
b) 3; 3
c) 3; 5
d) 6; 5
Answer: b
Learning Objective: 9.6 Describe the key features of insomnia disorder.
Skill Level: Understand
EOC Q9.8
Recent research suggests that in some cases of hypersomnia, there is an increase in the activity of
__________, a neurotransmitter in the brain that induces feelings of drowsiness.
a) GABA
b) glutamate
c) dopamine
d) epinephrine
Answer: a
Learning Objective: 9.7 Describe the key features of hypersomnolence disorder.
EOC Q9.9
Ramon suddenly loses muscular control during the course of a narcoleptic attack. This condition
is known as __________.
a) cataplexy
b) sleep paralysis
c) night terrors
d) sleep apnea
Answer: a
Learning Objective: 9.8 Describe the key features of narcolepsy.
744
EOC Q9.10
Jin has narcolepsy. Sometimes she is incapable of moving or talking when she first awakens in
the morning. This inability to move is referred to as __________.
a) sleep paralysis
b) sleep terror
c) hypnogogic trance
d) cataplexy
Answer: a
Skill Level: Apply
EOC Q9.11
Which of the following involves repeated episodes during sleep of snorting or gasping for breath,
pauses of breath, or abnormally shallow breathing?
a) circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorder

b) obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome
c) parasomnia
d) sleep paralysis
Answer: b
Learning Objective: 9.9 Describe the key features of breathing-related sleep-wake disorders.
EOC Q9.12
__________ frequently occurs when there is a mismatch between a person’s sleep schedule and a
person’s natural, internal sleep-wake cycle.
a) Sleepwalking
b) Circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorder
c) Cataplexy
d) Sleep paralysis
Answer: b
Learning Objective: 9.10 Describe the key features of circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders.
Difficulty: Easy
745
EOC Q9.13
In cases of __________, muscle paralysis is absent or incomplete during REM sleep and the
person may suddenly kick or flail the arms, potentially causing injuries to the self or the bed
partner.
a) sleepwalking
b) nightmares
c) sleep terror
d) REM sleep behavior disorder
Answer: d
Learning Objective: 9.11 Identify the major types of parasomnias and describe their key features.
EOC Q9.14
The DSM-5 identifies the major types of parasomnias associated with non-REM sleep as
__________.
a) rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder and nightmare disorder

b) sleep terrors and sleepwalking
c) sleep apnea and narcolepsy
d) insomnia and sleep terrors
Answer: b
746
EOC Q9.15
Joel is working with a therapist for his insomnia. The therapist has instructed Joel to remove his
television from the bedroom and not to eat or read in the bed. The technique the therapist is using
with Joel is called __________.
a) stimulus control
b) environmental control
c) rational restructuring
d) sleep onset restructuring
Answer: a
Learning Objective: 9.12 Evaluate methods used to treat sleep-wake disorders and apply your
knowledge to identify more adaptive sleep habits.
Skill Level: Apply
EOM Q9.1.1
An eating disorder characterized by maintenance of an abnormally low body weight, a distorted

body image, and intense fears of gaining weight is called __________.
a) bulimia nervosa
b) obesity
c) binge eating
d) anorexia nervosa
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
EOM Q9.1.2
Anorexia nervosa usually develops between the ages of __________.
a) 9 and 11
b) 12 and 18
c) 19 and 20
d) 21 and 24
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
747
EOM Q9.1.3
Which of the following characteristics has been shown to occur frequently in women with
bulimia nervosa?
a) shyness and few, if any, close friends

b) aggressiveness and a competitive style
c) popularity and an upbeat temperament
d) academic overachievement
Answer: a
Learning Objective: 9.2 Describe the key features of bulimia nervosa.
EOM Q9.1.4
The learning perspective conceptualizes eating disorders as a(n) __________.
a) problem with interpersonal relationships

b) unreasonable amount of pressure for a perfect body
c) type of weight phobia
d) problem with individuation
Answer: c
nervosa.
EOM Q9.1.5
Selma’s therapist has determined that her anorexia nervosa was caused by her unconscious effort
to remain a prepubescent child. Selma’s therapist is most likely a __________ theorist.
a) behavioral
b) cognitive
c) psychodynamic
d) systems
Answer: c
nervosa.
Skill Level: Apply
748
EOM Q9.1.6
Some therapeutic benefit has been found with the use SSRI-type antidepressant drugs for treating
bulimia nervosa as they help to normalize levels of __________, a brain chemical involved in
regulating appetite.
a) serotonin
b) dopamine
c) oxytocin
d) testosterone
Answer: a
Learning Objective: 9.4 Evaluate methods used to treat anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.
EOM Q9.1.7
Jeannie has been diagnosed with a binge-eating disorder. If she seeks the current treatment of
choice for this disorder, she will undergo __________ therapy.
a) cognitive-behavioral
b) interpersonal
c) psychodynamic
d) humanistic
Answer: a
Skill Level: Apply
749
EOM Q9.2.1
According to the principles of classical conditioning, the development of chronic insomnia can
be explained as the result of pairing anxious, sleepless nights with stimuli associated with the
bedroom. Heightened arousal when entering the bedroom then becomes the conditioned
response, elicited by __________ in the bedroom—even the mere sight of the bed.
a) conditioned stimuli
b) neutral stimulus
c) unconditioned stimuli
d) unconditioned response
Answer: a
Learning Objective: 9.6 Describe the key features of insomnia disorder.
EOM Q9.2.2
Claire was sleepy all the time, taking naps every afternoon for 2–3 hours. Even though she was
sleeping through the night, she had trouble awakening in the morning. This continued for several
months. Claire was likely experiencing ________.
a) hypersomnolence disorder
b) hyposomnolence disorder
c) night terrors
d) hypnagogic disorder
Answer: a
Learning Objective: 9.7 Describe the key features of hypersomnolence disorder.
Skill Level: Apply
750
EOM Q9.2.3
The most common type of narcolepsy is called narcolepsy/____________ deficiency syndrome,

and involves a deficiency in the brain of a protein-like molecule produced by the
______________ that plays an important role in regulating the sleep-wake cycle.
a) serotonin; basal ganglia

b) ghrelin; hypothalamus
c) dopamine; pituitary gland
d) hypocretin; hypothalamus
Answer: d
EOM Q9.2.4
__________ sleep apnea is a sleep disorder in which breathing problems may involve heart-
related problems or chronic use of opioid drugs.
a) Substance-induced
b) Central
c) Non-obstructive
d) Cataplexic
Answer: b
Learning Objective: 9.9 Describe the key features of breathing-related sleep-wake disorders.
751
EOM Q9.2.5
A few hours after he went to bed, Diane heard a scream from her two-year-old son. When she
went in to check on him she found him sitting up in bed, sweating and extremely upset, not fully
awake. After a few minutes he fell back to sleep. Diane’s son was most likely experiencing
__________.
a) insomnia
b) hypoventilation
c) sleep terrors
d) hypersomnolence
Answer: c
Skill Level: Apply
EOM Q9.2.6
Sleep medications for the treatment of insomnia have major drawbacks including psychological
and chemical dependence, carryover effects the next day, rebound insomnia, and __________.
a) suppression of REM sleep

b) excessive weight loss
c) hyperanxiety
d) cataplexy
Answer: a
752
Abnormal Psychology in a Changing World 10th Edition Nevid Test Bank
EOM Q9.2.7
Which of the following classes of drugs is most likely to be used to treat insomnia?
a) benzodiazepines
b) selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
c) antipsychotics
d) anticonvulsants
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
753
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6. There are ______ major types of eating disorders.

7. Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa usually begin in ______.

8. Which of the following people is most likely to develop bulimia nervosa?

21. Which of the following is true regarding anorexia nervosa?

24. There are ______ general subtypes of anorexia nervosa.

29. The absence or suppression of menstruation is called ______.

31. Amenorrhea refers to the ______, which is a symptom of anorexia.

38. The available evidence shows ______.

39. Which of the following is a medical complication related to bulimia nervosa?

42. Repeated vomiting or abuse of laxatives can lead to____________.

47. The BMI takes ______ into account.

55. Psychodynamic theorists view anorexia nervosa as ______.

57. Systems theorists view anorexia nervosa as ______.

68. Obesity is classified as a ______.

69. Obesity puts individuals at risk for which of the following?

70. About ______ percent of American adults are clinically obese.

71. About ______ of Americans are overweight.

80. Fat cells are ______.

81. Adipose tissue is comprised of cells that ______.

83. Which of the following is true about obesity?

88. Overeating in orally fixated people would likely be triggered by ______.

89. Obesity is highest among people of ______ socioeconomic status.

91. Which of the following people is at highest risk of being obese?

92. Which of the following people is at lowest risk of being obese?

93. Which of the following statements is true?

ANSWER: A Level of Difficulty (1-3): 2 Page: 359

101. Binge-eating disorder is closely related to ______.

103. People with ______ are described as compulsive overeaters.

107. Polysomnographic recording is used to help diagnose ______.

108. Which of the following is a physiological response measure by a polysomnographic recording?

113. The most commonly occurring sleep disorder is ______.

114. Insomnia disorder primarily affects ______.

115. Insomnia disorder applies to cases of ______.

116. The development of chronic insomnia is best explained by principles of ______.

118. "Sleep drunkenness" refers to ______.

119. Hypersomnolence disorder afflicts between ______ of the population.

121. People typically sleep about ______ during a narcolepsy attack.

124. Cataplexy is a key feature of ______.

125. Cataplexy typically follows ______.

126. A disorder involving a sudden loss of muscular control is called ______.

129. Narcolepsy affects ______.

130. Which of the following is true of narcolepsy?

131. The common type of breathing-related sleep disorder is ______.

135. Obstructive sleep apnea is NOT related to which of the following?

136. Which of the following is true of obstructive sleep apnea?

137. A circadian rhythm lasts about ______ hours.

140. Which of the following is true of circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorder?

142. Which of the following is a parasomnia?

148. Sleep terror disorder afflicts about______ percent of adults.

150. Which of the following is true of sleepwalking episodes?

151. Which of the following is true of sleepwalking?

152. Sleepwalking disorder afflicts between ______ percent of children.

156. Nightmares are associated with ______.

157. __________ is associated with nightmares.