210030007

Chitra S asangi

EXPERIMENT-1
TENSILE AND COMPRESSION TEST
Aim:- To conduct a tensile and compression test of an Aluminium specimen and
determine engineering stress-strain curve , true stress-strain curve and conduct tensile
test for Cast Iron specimen

OBSERVATIONS:
FOR ALUMINUM TENSILE TEST :
Specimen 1
Area:73.623 sq-mm
Gauge length:13.92mm
Diameter:9.68 mm
Rate:0.001000000047mm/s

Specimen 2:
Area: 76.232sq-mm
Gauge Length:14.01mm
Diameter:9.85mm
Rate: 0.009999999776mm/s
Graph
Specimen 3:
Area: 72.713sq-mm
Gauge Length:13.68mm
Diameter:9.62mm
Rate: 0.1000000015mm/s

Specimen 4:
Area: 75.46 sq-mm
Gauge Length:13.44mm
Diameter:9.8 mm
Rate:1 mm/s
Sample 1 Sample 2

Sample 3 Sample 4
CONCLUSIONS:
Engineering stress strain and true stress strain

*Engineering stress :Engineering stress is the applied load divided by the original
cross-sectional area of a material. Also known as nominal stress.
*Engineering strain :Engineering strain is the amount that a material deforms per unit
length in a tensile test.
*True stress :True stress is the applied load divided by the actual cross-sectional area
(the changing area with respect to time) of the specimen at that load.
*True strain:True strain is the natural logarithm of the ratio of the instantaneous gauge
length to the original gauge length.

Strain hardening:
*Strain hardening is a process to promote the metal harder and stronger due to plastic
deformation.
*The dislocations are generated when plastic deformation occurs in the metal. The
dislocations will interact and become pinned or tangled

Strain rate:
In mechanics and materials science, strain rate is the time derivative of strain of a
material. Strain rate has dimension of inverse time
The SI units of inverse second, s−1 (or its multiples).

Work hardening:
Work Hardening increases the hardness of a steel by hammering, rolling, drawing or
other physical processes.
In other words, hit it once and it gets hard. Hit it again and it gets even harder.
If you keep hitting it, it will get harder and harder until a fracture occurs.
CONCLUSIONS:
* In case of compression test of aluminum ,after deformation a barrel-like shape is
formed
* The elongation of aluminum is high, which means that it can deform a lot before it
breaks
*the compressive strength of aluminum is considered equal to that of tension
*The mechanical properties of aluminum, measuring compressive strength is not
obvious because it is a ductile material, besides the fact that pure deformation due to
compression is a rarity.