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Graphs of Trigonometric Functions
Graphs of Trigonometric Functions
Graphs of Trigonometric
Functions
Properties of Sine and Cosine Functions
−1
−1
−1 ( 3 , 0)
( , 0)
−2 2
2
−3 ( , –3)
y = sin x 3
2 2 2 x
1
y= sin x
2
y = – 4 sin x y = 2 sin x
reflection of y = 4 sin x y = 4 sin x
−4
− 2
y = –2 sin 3x 0 –2 0 2 0
y
( , 2)
2 2
2 5
6 6 3 2 3 6 x
(0, 0) ( , 0) 2
−2
3 ( , 0)
( ,-2) 3
6
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Graph of the Tangent Function
sin x
To graph y = tan x, use the identity tan x = .
cos x
At values of x for which cos x = 0, the tangent function is
undefined and its graph has vertical asymptotes.
y
Properties of y = tan x
1. domain : all real x
x k + (k ) 3
2
2. range: (–, +) 2 2
x
3. period: − 3 −
2 2
4. vertical asymptotes:
x = k + (k )
2
period:
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Example: Find the period and asymptotes and sketch the graph
1 y
of y = tan 2 x x = − x =
3 4 4
1. Period of y = tan x is .
→ Period of y = tan 2 x is .
2 3 1
− ,−
8 8 3 2
x
2. Find consecutive vertical
asymptotes by solving for x: 1
, 3 1
8 3 ,−
2x = − , 2x = 8 3
2 2
Vertical asymptotes: x = − , x =
4 4
3
3. Plot several points in (0, ) x − 0
2 8 8 8
1 1 1 1
y = tan 2 x − 0 −
4. Sketch one branch and repeat. 3 3 3 3
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Graph of the Cotangent Function
cos x
To graph y = cot x, use the identity cot x = .
sin x
At values of x for which sin x = 0, the cotangent function is
undefined and its graph has vertical asymptotes.
y
Properties of y = cot x
y = cot x
1. domain : all real x
x k (k )
2. range: (–, +) x
3 − 3 2
3. period: −
2
−
2 2 2
4. vertical asymptotes:
x = k (k )