２０１８年１２月英语六级考试试题第１套

2018年12月英语六级考试试题第1套

Ｐａｒｔ
Part ＩＩ
II Ｌｉｓｔｅｎｉｎｇ Ｃｏｍｐｒｅｈｅｎｓｉｏｎ
Listening Comprehension （３０
(30 ｍｉｎｕｔｅｓ）
minutes)

Ｓｅｃｔｉｏｎ
Section AＡ
Ｄｉｒｅｃｔｉｏｎｓ：Ｉｎ ｔｈｉｓthisｓｅｃｔｉｏｎ，ｙｏｕ
Directions : In section , youｗｉｌｌ
will ｈｅａｒ
hear ｔｏ
twoｌｏｎｇ
longｃｏｎｖｅｒｓａｔｉｏｎｓ．Ａｔ
conversations. At ｔｈｅ ｅｎｄ oｏｆf each
the end ｅａｃｈ conversation
ｃｏｎｖｅｒｓａｔｉｏｎ，ｙｏｕ
, you
ｗｉｌｌ
will ｈｅａｒ
hear ｆｏｕｒ
four ｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｓ． Ｂｏｔｈ the
questions. Both ｔｈｅ conversation
ｃｏｎｖｅｒｓａｔｉｏｎand
ａｎｄ the
ｔｈｅ questions
ｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｓwill
ｗｌｌｂｅ
be ｓｐｏｋｅｎ
spoken ｏｎｌｙ
only ｏｎｃｅ．
once.
Ａｆｔｅｒ
After ｙｏｕ
you ｈｅａｒ
hear ａa ｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎ，ｙｏｕ
question , youｍｕｓｔ
mustｃｈｏｏｓｅ
chooseｔｈｅ
the ｂｅｓｔ
best ａｎｓｗｅｒ ｆｒｏｍ ｔｈｅ
answer from ｆｏｕｒ
the f ｃｈｏｉｃｅｓmarked
our choices ｍａｒｋｅｄ
Ａ），Ｂ），Ｃ）ａｎｄ
A ) , B ) , C ) Ｄ）．Ｔｈｅｎ
and D ) . ｍａｒｋ ｔｈｅ ｃｏｒｒｅｓｐｏｎｄｉｎｇ
Then mark the correspondingｌｅｔｔｅｒ
letter onｏｎAnswer
Ａｎｓｗｅｒ Sheet
Ｓｈｅｅｔ １1 with
ｗｉｈ aａ
ｓｉｎｇｌｅ
single ｌｉｎｅ
line ｔｈｒｏｕｇｈ
through ｔｈｅ
the ｃｅｎｔｒｅ．
centre.

Ｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｓ
Questions１ 1ｔｏto ４4 ａｒｅ
are ｂａｓｅｄ
based ｏｎ
on ｔｈｅ
the ｃｏｎｖｅｒｓａｔｉｏｎ
conversation ｙｏｕ
you ｈａｖｅ
have ｊｕｓｔ ｈｅａｒｄ．
just heard.

1 . A) It
１．Ａ）Ｉｔ ｃａｎcan benefitｐｒｏｆｅｓｓｉｏｎａｌｓ
ｂｅｎｅｆｉｔ professionals ａｎｄ
andｎｏｎ－ｐｒｏｆｅｓｓｉｏｎａｌｓ
non-professionals ａｌｉｋｅ．
alike.
Ｂ）B)ＩｔItｌｉｓｔｓ
lists the
ｔｈｅ various
ｖａｒｉｏｕｓ challenges physicists are
ｃｈａｌｌｅｎｇｅｓ ｐｈｙｓｉｃｉｓｔｓ ａｒｅ confronting.
ｃｏｎｆｒｏｎｔｉｎｇ．
Ｃ）C)ＩｔIt ｄｅｓｃｒｉｂｅｓ
describes how someｍｙｓｔｅｒｉｅｓ
ｈｏｗ ｓｏｍｅ mysteries ｏｆ
of ｐｈｙｓｉｃｓ
physics were
ｗｅｒｅ solved
ｓｏｌｖｅｄ
D) Itｉｓisｏｎｅ
Ｄ）Ｉｔ oneｏｆofｔｈｅ
theｍｏｓｔ
mostｆａｓｃｉｎａｔｉｎｇ physics ｂｏｏｋｓ
fascinating ｐｈｙｓｉｃｓ books ｅｖｅｒ
ever ｗｒｉｔｔｅｎ．
written.

２．2. Ａ）
A)Ｐｈｙｓｉｃｉｓｔｓ＇
Physicists' contribution
ｃｏｎｔｒｉｂｕｔｉｏｎ toｔｏ humanity.
ｈｕｍａｎｉｔｙ． Ｃ）C)Ｈｉｓｔｏｒｉｃａｌ
Historical ｅｖｏｌｕｔｉｏｎ
evolution of
ｏｆ modern physics.
ｍｏｄｅｒｎ ｐｈｙｓｉｃｓ．
Ｂ）B)Ｓｔｏｒｉｅｓ
Stories ａｂｏｕｔ
about ｓｏｍｅ
someｆｅｍａｌｅ
femaleｐｈｙｓｉｃｉｓｔｓ．
physicists. Ｄ）D)Ｗｏｍｅｎ＇ｓ
Women's changing
ｃｈａｎｇｉｎｇ attitudesｔｏto ｐｈｙｓｉｃｓ．
ａｔｔｉｔｕｄｅｓ physics.

3 . A)ＢｙBy
３．Ａ） exposingａ aｌｏｔ
ｅｘｐｏｓｉｎｇ lotｏｆofｍｙｔｈｓ
mythsｉｎin ｐｈｙｓｉｃｓ．
physics. Ｃ）C)ＢｙByｉｎｃｌｕｄｉｎｇ
includingｌｏｔｓ
lots ｏｆ
of ｆａｓｃｉｎａｔｉｎｇ
fascinating knowledge.
ｋｎｏｗｌｅｄｇｅ．
Ｂ）B)ＢｙByｄｅｓｃｒｉｂｉｎｇ
describingｈｅｒ
herｏｗｎ
ownｌｉｆｅ
life ｅｘｐｅｒｉｅｎｃｅｓ．
experiences. Ｄ）D)ＢｙByｔｅｌｌｉｎｇ
telling ａｎｅｃｄｏｔｅｓ
anecdotes ａｂｏｕｔ
about ｆａｍｏｕｓ
famous ｐｒｏｆｅｓｓｏｒｓ．
professors.

４．4. Ａ）A)ＩｔIt ａｖｏｉｄｓ

avoidsｄｅｔａｉｌｉｎｇ
detailing ａｂｓｔｒａｃｔ
abstract concepts of ｐｈｙｓｉｃｓ．
ｃｏｎｃｅｐｔｓ ｏｆ physics.
B) Itｃｏｎｔａｉｎｓ
Ｂ）Ｉｔ containsａ aｌｏｔ
lot ｏｆ
of ｔｈｏｕｇｈｔ－ｐｒｏｖｏｋｉｎｇ
thought-provoking ｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｓ．
questions.
Ｃ）C)ＩｔIt ｄｅｍｏｎｓｔｒａｔｅｓ
demonstrates ｈｏｗ
howｔｈｅｙ
theyｃａｎ
canｂｅｃｏｍｅ
becomeｐｈｙｓｉｃｉｓｔｓ．
physicists.
D) Itｐｒｏｖｉｄｅｓ
Ｄ）Ｉｔ providesｅｘｐｅｒｉｍｅｎｔｓ
experiments ｔｈｅｙ
they ｃａｎ
can ｄｏ
do ｔｈｅｍｓｅｌｖｅｓ．
themselves.

Questions５5ｔｏto ８8 ａｒｅ
Ｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｓ are ｂａｓｅｄ
based ｏｎ
on ｔｈｅ
the ｃｏｎｖｅｒｓａｔｉｏｎ
conversation you have ｊｕｓｔ
ｙｏｕ ｈａｖｅ just heard.
ｈｅａｒｄ．

5 . A)ＨｅHe
５．Ａ） ｉｓ isｔｏｏ
tooｂｕｓｙ
busyｔｏtoｆｉｎｉｓｈ
finish ｈｉｓ
his ａｓｓｉｇｎｍｅｎｔ
assignment ｉｎ in ｔｉｍｅ．
time.
Ｂ）B)ＨｅHeｄｏｅｓ
doesｎｏｔ notｋｎｏｗ
know what
ｗｈａｔ kind
ｋｉｎｄ ｏｆofｔｏｐｉｃ
topicｔｏto ｗｒｉｔｅ
write on.
ｏｎ．
Ｃ）C)ＨｅHeｄｏｅｓ
does ｎｏｔnot understand
ｕｎｄｅｒｓｔａｎｄ ｔｈｅtheｐｒｏｆｅｓｓｏｒ＇ｓ
professor'sｉｎｓｔｒｕｃｔｉｏｎｓ．
instructions.
Ｄ）D)ＨｅHeｈａｓhasｎｏnoｉｄｅａ
ideaｈｏｗ
how
ｔｏ toｐｒｏｃｅｅｄ
proceed with
ｗｉｔｈ ｈｉｓhisｄｉｓｓｅｒｔａｔｉｏｎ．
dissertation.

６．Ａ）
6. A)Ｉ Itｉｓis ｔｏｏ
too ｂｒｏａｄ．
broad. Ｃ）C)Ｉ Itｉｓis ｃａｌｌｅｎｇｉｎｇ．
challenging.
Ｂ）B)ＩｔItｉｓis ａa ｂｉｔ ｏｕｔｄａｔｅｄ．
bit outdated. Ｄ）D)ＩｔItｉｓis ｉｔｅｒｅｓｔｉｎｇ．
interesting.

７．Ａ）
7. A)Ｂｉｏｇｒａｐｈｙ．
Biography. Ｃ）C)Ｐｈｉｌｏｓｏｐｈｙ．
Philosophy.
Ｂ）B)Ｎａｔｕｒｅ．
Nature. Ｄ）D)Ｂｅａｕｔｙ．
Beauty.

第第 １／ １２页
1／12页 淘宝店铺∶光速考研工作室
８．8. Ａ）
A) Ｉｍｐｒｏｖｅ
Improveｈｉｓhis ｃｕｍｕｌａｔｉｖｅ
cumulative ｇｒａｄｅ．
grade. Ｃ）C)Ｓｔｉｃｋ
Stickｔｏto ｔｈｅ
the ｔｏｐｉｃ
topic ａｓｓｉｇｎｅｄ．
assigned.
Ｂ）B)Ｄｅｖｅｌｏｐ
Developｈｉｓhisｒｅａｄｉｎｇ
readingａｂｉｌｉｔｙ．
ability. Ｄ）D)Ｌｉｓｔ
Listｔｈｅ
the ｐａｒａｍｅｔｅｒｓ
parameters ｆｉｒｓｔ
first.

Ｓｅｃｔｉｏｎ
Section BＢ
Ｄｉｒｅｃｔｉｏｎｓ：Ｉｎ ｔｈｉｓthisｓｅｃｔｉｏｎ，ｙｏｕ
Directions : In section , youｗｉｌｌ
willｈｅａｒ
hearｔｗｏ
two ｐａｓｓａｇｅｓ．Ａｔ
passages. Atｔｈｅ
the ｅｎｄ
end ｏｆ ｅａｃｈ passage
of each ｐａｓｓａｇｅ，ｙｏｕ
, youｗｉｌｌ
will ｈｅａｒ
hear ｔｈｒｅｅ
three
ｏｒorｆｏｕｒ
four ｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｓ． Ｂｏｔｈ ｔｈｅ
questions. Both ｐａｓｓａｇｅ and
the passage ａｎｄ ｔｈｅthe ｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｓ ｗｉｌｌbeｂｅspoken
questions will ｓｐｏｋｅｎonly
ｏｎｌｙ once.
ｏｎｃｅ．Ａｆｔｅｒ ｙｏｕ
After you
ｈｅａｒ question , youｍｕｓｔ
hearａaｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎ，ｙｏｕ mustｃｈｏｏｓｅ
choose ｔｈｅ
the best
ｂｅｓｔanswer
ａｎｓｗｅｒfrom
ｆｒｏｍtheｔｈｅfour
ｆｏｕｒchoices marked
ｃｈｏｉｃｅｓ A ) Ａ），Ｂ），
ｍａｒｋｅｄ , B) ,
Ｃ）ａｎｄ Ｄ）．Ｔｈｅｎ
C) and ｍａｒｋmark
D ) . Then ｔｈｅ the
ｃｏｒｒｅｓｐｏｎｄｉｎｇ
correspondingｌｅｔｔｅｒ ｏｎ Answer
letter on Ａｎｓｗｅｒ Ｓｈｅｅｔ
Sheet１ｗｉｔｈ
1 withａ aｓｉｎｇｌｅ
single ｌｉｎｅ
line
ｔｈｒｏｕｇｈ
throughｔｈｅ
the ｃｅｎｔｒｅ．
centre.

Questions９9ｔｏ
Ｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｓ to １１
11 ａｒｅ
are ｂａｓｅｄ
based ｏｎ
on ｔｈｅ
the ｐａｓｓａｇｅ
passage ｙｏｕ
you ｈａｖｅ
have ｊｕｓｔ
just heard.
ｈｅａｒｄ．

９．9. Ａ）Ｔｈｅ
A) Theｕｎｐｒｅｃｅｄｅｎｔｅｄ
unprecedentedｈｉｇｈ
highｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅ
temperature ｉｎ
in Greenland.
Ｇｒｅｅｎｌａｎｄ．
Ｂ）B)Ｔｈｅ
Theｃｏｌｌａｐｓｅ
collapseｏｆofｉｃｅ
ice ｏｎ
on ｔｈｅ
the ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ
northern ｔｉｐ
tip of
ｏｆ Greenland.
Ｇｒｅｅｎｌａｎｄ．
Ｃ）C)Ｔｈｅ
Theｕｎｕｓｕａｌ
unusualｃｏｌｄ
coldｓｐｅｌｌ
spellｉｎinｔｈｅ
the Ａｒｃｔｉｃ
Arctic ａｒｅａ
area ｉｎ
in October.
Ｏｃｔｏｂｅｒ．
Ｄ）D)Ｔｈｅ
Theｒａｐｉｄ
rapidｃｈａｎｇｅ
changeｏｆofＡｒｃｔｉｃ
Arcticｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅ
temperature ｗｉｔｈｉｎ
within ａa ｄａｙ．
day.

10.Ａ）A)ＩｔItｈａｓ
１０． has ｃｒｅａｔｅｄ
created ａa ｔｏｔａｌｌｙ
totally new climate ｐａｔｔｅｒｎ．
ｎｅｗ ｃｌｉｍａｔｅ pattern.
Ｂ）B)ＩｔIt ｗｉｌｌ
will ｐｏｓｅ
pose ａa ｓｅｒｉｏｕｓ
serious ｔｈｒｅａｔ
threat to
ｔｏ many species.
ｍａｎｙ ｓｐｅｃｉｅｓ．
Ｃ）C)ＩｔItｔｙｐｉｃａｌｌｙ
typically appears
ａｐｐｅａｒｓ about
ａｂｏｕｔ once every ｔｅｎ
ｏｎｃｅ ｅｖｅｒｙ ten ｙｅａｒｓ．
years.
Ｄ）D)ＩｔItｈａｓhasｐｕｚｚｌｅｄ
puzzledｔｈｅ
theｃｌｉｍａｔｅ
climateｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｓｔｓ ｆｏｒ decades.
scientists for ｄｅｃａｄｅｓ．

1 1 .Ａ）A)Ｅｘｔｉｎｃｔｉｏｎ
１１． ExtinctionｏｆofＡｒｃｔｉｃ
Arcticｗｉｌｄｌｉｆｅ．
wildlife. Ｃ）C)Ｅｍｉｇｒａｔｉｏｎ
Emigrationｏｆofｉｎｄｉｇｅｎｏｕｓ
indigenous ｐｅｏｐｌｅ．
people.
B) Iceless summers in the Arctic.
Ｂ） Ｉｃｅｌｅｓｓ ｓｕｍｍｅｒｓ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ Ａｒｃｔｉｃ． D) Betterｕｎｄｅｒｓｔａｎｄｉｎｇ
Ｄ）Ｂｅｔｔｅｒ understanding ｏｆ
of ｅｃｏｓｙｓｔｅｍｓ．
ecosystems.

Ｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｓ
Questions１２12ｔｏto １５
15 ａｒｅ
are ｂａｓｅｄ
based ｏｎ
on ｔｈｅ
the ｐａｓｓａｇｅ
passage ｙｏｕ
you ｈａｖｅ
have ｊｕｓｔ ｈｅａｒｄ．
just heard.

１２．12.Ａ）A)ＡAｇｏｏｄ
goodｓｔａｒｔ．
start. Ｃ）C)Ａ Aｓｔｒｏｎｇ
strong ｄｅｔｒｍｉｎａｔｉｏｎ．
determination.
Ｂ）B)Ａ Aｄｅｔａｉｌｅｄ
detailed ｐｌａｎ．
plan. Ｄ）D)Ａ Aｓｃｅｎｔｉｆｉｃ
scientific ａｐｐｒｏａｃｈ．
approach.

1 3 . A)
１３．Ａ） Most
Ｍｏｓｔ people
ｐｅｏｐｌｅ ｇｅｔ get energized
ｅｎｅｒｇｉｚｅｄ after
ａｆｔｅｒ a sufficientｒｅｓｔ．
ａ ｓｕｆｆｉｃｉｅｎｔ rest.
B) Most
Ｂ）Ｍｏｓｔ people
ｐｅｏｐｌｅ tend
ｔｅｎｄ ｔｏ toｈａｖｅ
have a finite ｓｏｕｒｃｅ
ａ ｆｉｎｉｔｅ source ｏｆ
of ｅｎｅｒｇｙ．
energy.
C) Itｉｓisｖｉｔａｌ
Ｃ）Ｉｔ vital to
ｔｏ take
ｔａｋｅ breaks
ｂｒｅａｋｓ between
ｂｅｔｗｅｅｎ demanding mental ｔａｓｋｓ．
ｄｅｍａｎｄｉｎｇ ｍｅｎｔａｌ tasks.
Ｄ）D)ＩｔIt ｉｓ
is most important ｔｏ
ｍｏｓｔ ｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔ to ｈａｖｅ
have ｃｏｎｆｉｄｅｎｃｅ
confidence ｉｎ
in ｏｎｅ＇ｓ
one's willpower.
ｗｉｌｌｐｏｗｅｒ．

14. A) They
１４．Ａ）Ｔｈｅｙ couldｋｅｅｐ
ｃｏｕｌｄ keepｏｎonｗｏｒｋｉｎｇ
workingｌｏｎｇｅｒ．
longer.
Ｂ）B)Ｔｈｅｙ
Theyｃｏｕｌｄ
couldｄｏdoｍｏｒｅ
moreｃｈａｌｌｅｎｇｉｎｇ
challengingｔａｓｋｓ．
tasks.
Ｃ）C)Ｔｈｅｙ
Theyｆｏｕｎｄ
found
ｉｔitｅａｓｉｅｒ
easier ｔｏ
to focus
ｆｏｃｕｓ on
ｏｎ work at hand.
ｗｏｒｋ ａｔ ｈａｎｄ．
Ｄ）D)Ｔｈｅｙ ｈｅｌｄ
They ｍｏｒｅ
held ｐｏｓｉｔｉｖｅ
more ａｔｔｉｔｕｄｅｓ
positive attitudes ｔｏｗａｒｄ
towardｌｉｆｅ．
life.

第
第 ２／１２页
2／12页 淘宝店铺∶光速考研工作室
 1 5 .Ａ）A)Ｔｈｅｙ
１５． Theyａｒｅareｐａｒｔ
partｏｆofｔｈｅｉｒ
their ｎａｔｕｒｅ．
nature. Ｃ）C)Ｔｈｅｙ
Theyａｒｅareｒｅｌａｔｅｄ
relatedｔｏto ｃｕｌｔｕｒｅ．
culture.
Ｂ）B)Ｔｈｅｙ
Theyａｒｅ
areｓｕｂｊｅｃｔ
subject ｔｏ
to change.
ｃｈａｎｇｅ． Ｄ）D)Ｔｈｅｙ
Theyａｒｅareｂｅｙｏｎｄ
beyondｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ．
control.

Ｓｅｃｔｉｏｎ
Section CＣ
Ｄｉｒｅｃｔｉｏｎｓ：Ｉｎ
Directions : ｔｈｉｓ
Jn thisｓｅｃｔｉｏｎ，ｙｏｕ ｗｉｌｌwillｈｅａｒhearｔｈｒｅｅ
section , you threeｒｅｃｏｒｄｉｎｇｓ
recordings ｏｆｌｅｃｕｒｅｓ
of lecturesｏｒorｔａｋｓ
talksｆｏｌｌｏｗｅｄ
followed ｂｙ
byｔｈｒｅｅ
three ｏｒ ｆｏｕｒ
or four
ｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｓ．Ｔｈｅ
questions. Theｒｅｃｏｒｄｉｎｇｓ ｗｉｌｌ beｂｅplayed
recordings will ｐｌａｙｅｄonly
ｏｎｌｙonce.
ｏｎｃｅ AＡｆｔｅｒ ｙｏｕhear
fter you ｈｅａｒaａquestion
ｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎ，ｙｏｕ ｍｕｓｔ
, you must
ｃｈｏｏｓｅ
choose ｔｈｅ ｂｅｓｔanswer
the best ａｎｓｗｅｒfrom
ｆｒｏｍtheｔｈｅ
fourｆｏｕｒ ｃｈｏｉｃｅｓ
choices A ) , BＡ），Ｂ），Ｃ）ａｎｄ
ｍａｒｋｅｄ
marked ) , C ) and D) . Then ｍａｒｋ
Ｄ）．Ｔｈｅｎ mark ｔｈｅ
the
ｃｏｒｒｅｓｐｏｎｄｉｎｇ
corresponding ｌｅｔｔｅｒ
letter onｏｎAnswer
Ａｎｓｗｅｒ Ｓｈｅｅｔ
Sheet１ ｗｉｔｈａ
1 with ｓｉｎｇｌｅ
a singleｌｉｎｅ
lineｔｈｒｏｕｇｈ
through ｔｈｅ
the ｃｅｎｔｒｅ
centre.

Ｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｓ
Questions１６16ｔｏto １８
18 ａｒｅ
are ｂａｓｅｄ
based ｏｎ
on ｔｈｅ
the ｒｅｃｏｒｄｉｎｇ
recording ｙｏｕ
you ｈａｖｅ
have ｊｕｓｔ ｈｅａｒｄ．
just heard.

16. Ａ）
１６． A)Ａｂｏｕｔ
Aboutｈａｌｆ
halfｏｆofｃｕｒｒｅｎｔ
current jobs
ｊｏｂｓ might
ｍｉｇｈｔ be
ｂｅ automated.
ａｕｔｏｍａｔｅｄ．
Ｂ）B)Ｔｈｅ
Theｊｏｂｓ
jobsｏｆofｄｏｃｔｏｒｓ
doctors ａｎｄ
and ｌａｗｙｅｒｓ
lawyers ｗｏｕｌｄ
wouldｂｅ
beｔｈｒｅａｔｅｎｅｄ．
threatened.
Ｃ）C)Ｔｈｅ
Theｊｏｂ
jobｍａｒｋｅｔ
marketｉｓis ｂｅｃｏｍｉｎｇ
becomingｓｏｍｅｗｈａｔ
somewhatｕｎｐｒｅｄｉｃｔａｂｌｅ．
unpredictable.
Ｄ）D)Ｍａｃｈｉｎｅ
Machineｌｅａｒｎｉｎｇ
learningｗｏｕｌｄ
wouldｐｒｏｖｅ
proveｄｉｓｒｕｐｔｉｖｅ
disruptive by
ｂｙ 20 13.
２０１３．

1 7. A) They
１７．Ａ）Ｔｈｅｙ ａｒｅare widely
ｗｉｄｅｌｙ applicableｆｏｒ
ａｐｐｌｉｃａｂｌｅ for ｍａｓｓｉｖｅ
massive ｏｐｅｎ
open ｏｎｌｉｎｅ
online courses.
ｃｏｕｒｓｅｓ
B) They
Ｂ）Ｔｈｅｙ ａｒｅareｎｏｗ
now beingｕｓｅｄ
ｂｅｉｎｇ usedｂｙbyｎｕｍｅｒｏｕｓ
numerous highｓｃｈｏｏｌ
ｈｉｇｈ schoolｔｅａｃｈｅｒｓ．
teachers.
C) They
Ｃ）Ｔｈｅｙ could
ｃｏｕｌｄ read
ｒｅａｄ ａｓ asｍａｎｙ
manyａｓ as 10,000
１０，０００ essaysｉｎinａ aｓｉｎｇｌｅ
ｅｓｓａｙｓ single ｍｉｎｕｔｅ．
minute.
Ｄ）D)Ｔｈｅｙ
Theyｃｏｕｌｄ
couldｇｒａｄｅ
gradeｈｉｇｈ－ｓｃｈｏｏｌ
high-schoolｅｓｓａｙｓ
essaysｊｕｓｔ
just ｌｉｋｅ
like human teachers.
ｈｕｍａｎ ｔｅａｃｈｅｒｓ．

18.Ａ）A)ＩｔIt ｎｅｅｄｓ
１８． needsｉｎｓｔｒｕｃｔｉｏｎｓ
instructions throughout the process.
ｔｈｒｏｕｇｈｏｕｔ ｔｈｅ ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓ．
Ｂ）B)ＩｔIt ｄｏｅｓ
does ｐｏｏｒｌｙ
poorly ｏｎ
onｆｒｅｑｕｅｎｔ，
frequent, high-volume tasks.
ｈｉｇｈ－ｖｏｌｕｍｅ ｔａｓｋｓ．
Ｃ）C)ＩｔIt ｈａｓ
has ｔｏto ｒｅｌｙ
rely on
ｏｎ huge amountsｏｆofｐｒｅｖｉｏｕｓ
ｈｕｇｅ ａｍｏｕｎｔｓ previous ｄａｔａ．
data.
Ｄ）D)ＩｔItｉｓis ｓｌｏｗ
slow ｗｈｅｎ
whenｉｔit ｃｏｍｅｓ
comesｔｏtoｔｒａｃｋｉｎｇ
tracking ｎｏｖｅｌ
novel ｔｈｉｎｇｓ．
things.

Questions１９19ｔｏto ２１
Ｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｓ 21 ａｒｅ
are ｂａｓｅｄ
based ｏｎ
on ｔｈｅ
the ｒｅｃｏｒｄｉｎｇ
recording you have ｊｕｓｔ
ｙｏｕ ｈａｖｅ just heard.
ｈｅａｒｄ．

1 9. Ａ）
１９． A)Ｔｈｅ
Theｅｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇ
engineering ｐｒｏｂｌｅｍｓ
problemsｗｉｔｈ
with ｓｏｌａｒ
solar power.
ｐｏｗｅｒ．
B) The
Ｂ）Ｔｈｅ generation
ｇｅｎｅｒａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆofｓｔｅａｍ
steamｗｉｔｈ
withｔｈｅ
theｌａｔｅｓｔ
latest technology.
ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ．
Ｃ）C)Ｔｈｅ
Theｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｃｅ
importanceｏｆofｅｘｐｌｏｒｉｎｇ
exploring ｎｅｗ
new ｅｎｅｒｇｙ
energy ｓｏｕｒｃｅｓ．
sources.
Ｄ）D)ＴｈｅTheｔｈｅｏｒｅｔｉｃａｌ
theoreticalａｓｐｅｃｔｓ
aspects ｏｆ
of ｓｕｓｔａｉｎａｂｌｅ
sustainable energy.
ｅｎｅｒｇｙ．
２０．Ａ）
20. A)Ｄｒｉｖｅ ｔｒａｉｎｓ
Drive trainsｗｉｔｈ
withｓｏｌａｒ
solar ｅｎｅｒｇｙ．
energy. Ｃ）C)Ｂｕｉｌｄ
Buildａ aｎｅｗ
newｔｅｎ－ｋｉｌｏｍｅｔｒｅ
ten-kilometreｒａｉｌｗａｙ
railwayｌｉｎｅ．
line.
Ｂ）B)Ｕｐｇｒａｄｅ
Upgrade
ｔｈｅthe city'sｔｒａｉｎ
ｃｉｔｙ＇ｓ trainｆａｃｉｌｉｔｉｅｓ．
facilities. Ｄ）D)Ｃｕｔ
Cutｄｏｗｎ
downｔｈｅtheｃｉｔｙ＇ｓ
city's ｅｎｅｒｇｙ
energy ｃｏｎｓｕｍｐｔｉｏｎ．
consumption.

21 . Ａ）
２１． A)Ｂｕｉｌｄ
Buildａa ｔａｎｋ
tank ｆｏｒ
for keeping calcium ｏｘｉｄｅ．
ｋｅｅｐｉｎｇ ｃａｌｃｉｕｍ oxide. Ｃ）C)Ｒｅｃｏｖｅｒ
Recoverｓｕｐｅｒ－ｈｅａｔｅｄ
super-heated ｓｔｅａｍ．
steam.
Ｂ）B)Ｆｉｎｄ
Findａ aｎｅｗ
newｍａｔｅｒｉａｌ
materialｆｏｒ
forｓｔｏｒｉｎｇ
storing ｅｎｅｒｇｙ．
energy. Ｄ）D)Ｃｏｌｌｅｃｔ
Collect ｃａｒｂｏｎ
carbon ｄｉｏｘｉｄｅ
dioxide ｇａｓ．
gas.

第３／１２页
第 3／12页
Ｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｓ
Questions２２22ｔｏto ２５
25 ａｒｅ
are ｂａｓｅｄ
based ｏｎ
on ｔｈｅ
the ｒｅｃｏｒｄｉｎｇ
recording ｙｏｕ
you ｈａｖｅ
have ｊｕｓｔ ｈｅａｒｄ．
just heard.

２２．
22. Ａ）Ｔｈｅ ｌａｃｋ
A) The lackｏｆofｓｕｐｅｒｖｉｓｉｏｎ
supervisionｂｙbyｂｏｔｈ
bothｔｈｅ
the ｎａｔｉｏｎａｌ ａｎｄ ｌｏｃａｌ
national and ｇｏｖｅｒｎｍｅｎｔｓ．
local governments.
Ｂ）B)Ｔｈｅ
Theｉｍｐａｃｔ
impactｏｆofｔｈｅ
theｃｕｒｒｅｎｔ
current ｅｃｏｎｏｍｉｃ
economicｃｒｉｓｉｓ
crisis at
ａｔhome
ｈｏｍｅ and abroad.
ａｎｄ ａｂｒｏａｄ．
C) The
Ｃ）Ｔｈｅ poor
ｐｏｏｒ management
ｍａｎａｇｅｍｅｎｔ ｏｆ of
ｄａｙday centresａｎｄ
ｃｅｎｔｒｅｓ andｈｏｍｅ
home helpｓｅｒｖｉｃｅｓ．
ｈｅｌｐ services.
Ｄ）D)Ｔｈｅ
Theｐｏｏｒ
poor relationｂｅｔｗｅｅｎ
ｒｅｌａｔｉｏｎ between nationalｈｅａｌｔｈ
ｎａｔｉｏｎａｌ healthａｎｄ
andｓｏｃｉａｌ
socialｃａｒｅ
care ｓｅｒｖｉｃｅｓ．
services.

23 . Ａ）
２３． A)ＩｔIt ｗａｓ
was ｍａｉｎｌｙ
mainlyｐｒｏｖｉｄｅｄ
providedｂｙbyｖｏｌｕｎｔａｒｙ
voluntaryｓｅｒｖｉｃｅｓ．
services.
Ｂ）B)ＩｔIt ｍａｉｎｌｙ
mainlyｃａｔｅｒｓ
caters ｔｏ
to ｔｈｅ
the ｎｅｅｄ
need ｏｆ
ofｐｒｉｖｉｌｅｇｅｄ．
privileged.
C) It called for a sufficient number
Ｃ） Ｉｔ ｃａｌｌｅｄ ｆｏｒ ａ ｓｕｆｆｉｃｉｅｎｔ ｎｕｍｂｅｒ ｏｆ of ｖｏｌｕｎｔｅｅｒｓ．
volunteers.
Ｄ）D)ＩｔItｈａｓ
hasｄｅｔｅｒｉｏｒａｔｅｄ
deteriorated ｏｖｅｒ
over ｔｈｅ
the ｐａｓｔ
past ｓｉｘｔｙ
sixty years.
ｙｅａｒｓ．

２４．
24. Ａ）
A)Ｔｈｅｉｒ
Theirｌｏｎｇｅｒ
longerｌｉｆｅｓｐａｎｓ．
lifespans. Ｃ）C)Ｔｈｅｉｒ
Theirｐｒｅｆｅｒｅｎｃｅ
preferenceｆｏｒ
forｐｒｉｖａｔｅ
private ｓｅｒｖｉｃｅｓ．
services.
Ｂ）B)Ｆｅｗｅｒ
Fewerｈｏｍｅ
home helpersａｖａｉｌａｂｌｅ．
ｈｅｌｐｅｒｓ available. Ｄ）D)Ｍｏｒｅ
Moreｏｆ of them
ｔｈｅｍ sufferingｓｅｒｉｏｕｓ
ｓｕｆｆｅｒｉｎｇ seriousｉｌｌｎｅｓｓｅｓ．
illnesses.

25 . A) They
２５．Ａ）Ｔｈｅｙ ａｒｅ are unable
ｕｎａｂｌｅ ｔｏ toｐａｙpayｆｏｒforｈｅａｌｔｈ
health ｓｅｒｖｉｃｅｓ．
services. Ｃ）Ｔｈｅｙ
C) They
ａｒｅ are vulnerable
ｖｕｌｎｅｒａｂｌｅ to illnessａｎｄ
ｔ ｉｌｌｎｅｓｓ andｄｉｓｅａｓｅｓ．
diseases.
Ｂ）B)Ｔｈｅｙ
Theyｈａｖｅ
haveｌｏｎｇ
longｂｅｅｎ
beenｄｉｓｃｒｉｍｉｎａｔｅｄ
discriminated ａｇａｉｎｓｔ．
against. Ｄ） D)
ＴｈｅｙThey
ｈａｖｅhave contributed
ｃｏｎｔｒｉｂｕｔｅｄ a great
ａ ｇｒｅａｔ dealｔｏtoｓｏｃｉｅｔｙ．
ｄｅａｌ society.

Ｐａｒｔ ＩＩ
Part III Ｒｅａｄｉｎｇ
Reading Ｃｏｍｐｒｅｈｅｎｓｉｏｎ
Comprehension （４０
(40 ｍｉｎｕｔｅｓ）
minutes)

Ｓｅｃｔｉｏｎ
Section AＡ
Ｄｉｒｅｃｔｉｏｎｓ：
Directions Ｉｎ
: Inｔｈｉｓ
thisｓｅｃｔｉｏｎ，ｔｈｅｒｅ
section , there ｉｓ
is ａa ｐａｓｓａｇｅ
passage ｗｉｔｈ
with ｔｅｎ
ten ｂｌａｎｋｓ．Ｙｏｕ
blanks. Youａｒｅ
areｒｅｑｕｉｒｅｄ
required ｔｏ
to ｓｅｌｅｃｔ ｏｎｅ word
select one ｗｏｒｄ for
ｆｏｒ
ｅａｃｈ
eachｂｌａｎｋ
blankｆｒｏｍ
fromａ aｌｉｓｔ
list ｏｆ
of ｃｈｏｉｃｅｓ ｇｉｖｅｎinｉｎaａword
choices given ｗｏｒｄ bank
ｂａｎｋ following
ｆｏｌｏｗｉｎｇ ｔｈｅ ｐａｓｓａｇｅ． Read
the passage. Ｒｅａｄ ｔｈｅ
the
ｐａｓｓａｇｅ
passageｔｈｒｏｕｇｈ
throughｃａｒｅｆｕｌｌｙ
carefullyｂｅｆｏｒｅ
before ｍａｋｉｎｇ
makingｙｏｕｒ
yourｃｈｏｉｃｅｓ．
choices. Ｅａｃｈ
Eachｃｈｏｉｃｅ
choiceｉｎinｔｈｅ
the ｂａｎｈ
bankｉｓis ｉｄｅｎｔｉｆｉｅｄ
identified
ｂｙbyａaｌｅｔｔｅｒ． Ｐｌｅａｓｅmark
letter. Please ｍａｒｈtheｔｈｅcorresponding
ｃｏｒｒｅｓｐｏｎｄｉｎｇletter
ｌｅｔｅｒｆｏｒ
for eachｅａｃｈ
itemｉｔｅｍ ｏｎ ＡｎｓｗｅｒSheet
on Answer Ｓｈｅｅｔ 2２ with
ｗｉｔｈ aａ
ｓｉｎｇｌｅ
singleｌｉｎｅ
line ｔｈｒｏｕｇｈ
through ｔｈｅ
the ｃｅｎｔｒｅ．Ｙｏｕ
centre. You ｍａｙ
mayｎｏｔ
notｕｓｅ
use ａｎｙ
anyｏｆofｔｈｅ ｗｏｒｄｓ ｉｎin the
the words ｔｈｅ bank
ｂａｎｋ more
ｍｏｒｅ than
ｔｈａｎ ｏｎｃｅ．
once.

Just ｏｆｆ
Ｊｕｓｔ off ｔｈｅ
the coast
ｃｏａｓｔ of
ｏｆ Southern California sits
Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ Ｃａｌｉｆｏｒｎｉａ ｓｉｔｓSanta
Ｓａｎｔａ Cruz
Ｃｒｕｚ Island,
Ｉｓｌａｎｄ，where
ｗｈｅｒｅ aａ magical creature ｃａｌｌｅｄ
ｍａｇｉｃａｌ ｃｒｅａｔｕｒｅ called
ｔｈｅ
the ｉｓｌａｎｄ ｆｏｘ ＿２６．
island fox 26 Ａ. A
ｄｅｃａｄｅ ａｇｏ，
decade ago,ｔｈｉｓ
this ｉｓｌａｎｄｓ ｅｃｏｓｙｓｔｅｍ was
island's ecosystem ｗａｓ inｉｎ ２７27． Ｗｉｌｄ ｐｉｇｓpigsａｔｔｒａｃｔｅｄ
. Wild attracted
ｇｏｌｄｅｎ ｅａｇｌｅｓ ｆｒｏｍ ｔｈｅ ｍａｉｎｌａｎｄ， ａｎｄ ｔｈｏｓｅ ｆｌｙｉｎｇ ２８＿ ｃｒａｓｈｅｄ ｔｈｅ ｆｏｘ ｐｏｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎ．Ｓｏ ｔｈｅ Nature
golden eagles from the mainland, and those flying 28 crashed the fox population. So the Ｎａｔｕｒｅ
Conservancyｌａｕｎｃｈｅｄ
Ｃｏｎｓｅｒｖａｎｃｙ launchedａ a２９ ｗａｒ
29 ａｇａｉｎｓｔ
war against the pigs,
ｔｈｅ ｐｉｇｓ， complete
ｃｏｍｐｌｅｔｅ ｗｉｔｈwith helicoptersａｎｄ
ｈｅｌｉｃｏｐｔｅｒｓ andｓｈａｒｐ
sharpｓｈｏｏｔｅｒｓ．
shooters.
Ａｎｄ
Andｉｔitｗｏｒｋｅｄ．
worked.Ｔｏｄａｙ，
Today,ｆｅｄｅｒａｌ
federal ａｇｅｎｃｉｅｓ
agencies ａｒｅ
are ｐｕｌｌｉｎｇ ｔｈｅ island
pulling the ｉｓｌａｎｄfox
ｆｏｘfrom
ｆｒｏｍ the
ｔｈｅEndangered
Ｅｎｄａｎｇｅｒｅｄ Ｓｐｅｃｉｅｓ
Species
List. Ｉｔ＇ｓ
Ｌｉｓｔ． It's the
ｔｈｅ fastest-ever
ｆａｓｔｅｓｔ－ｅｖｅｒrecovery
ｒｅｃｏｖｅｒｙofｏｆa ａmammal, joining peers
ｍａｍｍａｌ， ｊｏｉｎｉｎｇ ｐｅｅｒｓ like
ｌｉｋｅ the
ｔｈｅ Louisiana
Ｌｏｕｉｓｉａｎａ black
ｂｌａｃｋ bear as
ｂｅａｒ ａｓ
ｇｌｏｗｉｎｇ
glowingｓｕｃｃｅｓｓｅｓ
successesｉｎin ｔｈｅ
the ｈｉｓｔｏｒｙ ｏｆ the
history of ｔｈｅEndangered
Ｅｎｄａｎｇｅｒｅｄ Species
Ｓｐｅｃｉｅｓ Act.
Ａｃｔ．
Butｔｈｅ
Ｂｕｔ theｒｅｃｏｖｅｒｙ
recovery ｏｆofＳａｎｔａ
Santa Ｃｒｕｚ
CruzＩｓｌａｎｄ
Island ｉｓｎ＇ｔ
isn't just
ｊｕｓｔabout
ａｂｏｕｔtheｔｈｅfox.
ｆｏｘ．The
ＴｈｅNature
Ｎａｔｕｒｅ Conservancy
Ｃｏｎｓｅｒｖａｎｃｙ hasｈａｓ
３０ ｗａｒ ｏｎ ａ ｍｕｌｔｉｔｕｄｅ ｏｆ ｉｎｖａｓｉｖｅ ｓｐｅｃｉｅｓ ｈｅｒｅ，ｆｒｏｍ ｓｈｅｅｐ ｔｏ ｐｌａｎｔｓ ｔｏ ｔｈｅ ３１Ａｒｇｅｎｔｉｎｅ
30 war on a multitude of invasive species here, from sheep to plants to the 31 Argentine
ａｎｔ．＂Ｏｕｒ ｐｈｉｌｏｓｏｐｈｙ ｗｉｔｈ ｔｈｅ ｉｓｌａｎｄ ｈａｓ ａｌｗａｙｓ ｂｅｅｎ， ＇ＯＫ， ３２ ｔｈｅ ｔｈｒｅａｔｓ ａｎｄ ｌｅｔ ｔｈｅ ｉｓｌａｎｄ ｇｏ
ant. " Our philosophy with the island has always been, ' OK, 32 the threats and let the island go
ｂａｃｋ
backｔｏtoｗｈａｔ
whatｉｔit ｗａｓ，＇＂ｓａｙｓ
was, ' " saysｅｃｏｌｏｇｉｓｔ
ecologistＣｈｒｉｓｔｉｎａ
Christina Ｂｏｓｅｒ．
Boser. Ａｎｄ
Andｉｔit appears
ａｐｐｅａｒｓ to
ｔｏ be
ｂｅ working.
ｗｏｒｋｉｎｇ．Ｎａｔｉｖｅ
Nativeｐｌａｎｔｓ ａｒｅ
plants are
ｃｏｍｉｎｇ
comingｂａｃｋ，
back,ａｎｄ
andｔｈｅ
theｆｏｘ
foxｏｎｃｅ
onceａｇａｉｎ
againｂｏｕｎｄｓ
boundsａｂｏｕｔaboutｃａｒｅｆｒｅｅ．
carefree.
Ｂｕｔ
Butｋｅｅｐｉｎｇ
keepingｔｈｏｓｅ
thoseｆｏｘｅｓ
foxes ｆｒｏｍ
fromｈａｒｍ
harmｗｉｌｌ
will ｏｃｃｕｐｙ
occupyＢｏｓｅｒ
Boserａｎｄ
andｈｅｒ
herｃｏｌｌｅａｇｕｅｓ
colleagues ｆｏｒ ｙｅａｒｓ toｔｏcome.
for years ｃｏｍｅ．You
Ｙｏｕ

第
第 ４／１２页
4／12页 淘宝店铺∶光速考研工作室
ｓｅｅ，
see, ｈｕｍａｎｓ
humansａｒｅ
areｓｔｉｌｌ ａｌｌｏｗｅｄ onｏｎ Santa
still allowed Ｓａｎｔａ Cruz
Ｃｒｕｚ Ｉｓｌａｎｄ， ａｎｄ they
Island, and ｔｈｅｙ bring
ｂｒｉｎｇ dogs.
ｄｏｇｓ． So
Ｓｏ Ｂｏｓｅｒ
Boser ｈａｓ
has ｔｏ
to ｖａｃｃｉｎａｔｅ
vaccinate
ｈｅｒ
herｆｏｘｅｓ
foxesａｇａｉｎｓｔ
againstｖａｒｉｏｕｓ
variousｄｉｓｅａｓｅｓ．＂Ｗｅ＇ｒｅ
diseases. " We'reｏｂｌｉｇａｔｅｄ
obligatedｔｏtoｋｅｅｐ
keepａ aｐｕｌｓｅ
pulseｏｎonｔｈｅtheｐｏｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎ
populationｆｏｒforａｔatｌｅａｓｔ
least ｆｉｖｅ
five
ｙｅａｒｓ
years ａｆｔｅｒ ｔｈｅfoxes
after the ｆｏｘｅｓareａｒｅdelisted,"
ｄｅｌｉｓｔｅｄ，＂ｓａｙｓ Ｂｏｓｅｒ．
says Boser. Ｔｈａｔ
That ｉｎｃｌｕｄｅｓ
includes ｔａｇｇｉｎｇ
tagging ｔｈｅ ｆｏｘｅｓ
the foxes and ａｎｄ33３３ ｔｈｅｉｒ
their
numbersｔｏtoｅｎｓｕｒｅ
ｎｕｍｂｅｒｓ ensure ｎｏｔｈｉｎｇ
nothing goes
ｇｏｅｓ wrong.
ｗｒｏｎｇ．
Ｔｈｉｓ
Thisｉｓis ｔｈｅ ｓｔｏｒｙofｏｆtheｔｈｅlittle
the story ｉｔｔｌｅ
fox ｆｏｘ
thatｔｈａｔ ｈａｓ ｃｏｍｅ
has come back,ｂａｃｋ，ａｎｄ
and the ｔｈｅ ｐｅｏｐｌｅ
people whoｗｈｏ ｈａｖｅ 34３４ ｔｈｅｉｒ
have their ｌｉｖｅｓ
lives
ｔｏtoｐｒｏｔｅｃｔｉｎｇ ｉｔ．This
protecting it. Ｔｈｉｓis ｉｓtheｈｅstory
ｓｔｏｒｙof ｏｆwildlife
ｗｉｌｄｌｉｅconservation
ｃｏｎｓｅｒｖａｔｉｏｎ ｉｎ age
in the ｔｈｅ ofａｇｅmass
ｏｆ ｍａｓｓ35３５
Ａ）A) ａｇｇｅｉｖｅ
aggressive Ｉ）I) ｈｉｎｄｅｒｓ
hinders
Ｂ）ｃｈａｏ
B) chaos ）J) ｍａｍｍａ
mammal
Ｃ）C)ｃｏｎｆｉｇｕｒａｔｉｏｎ
configuration Ｋ）K)ｍｏｎｉｔｏｒｉｎｇ
monitoring
Ｄ） ｄｅｃｌａｒｅｄ
D) declared Ｌ L)M)ｐｒｅｄａｔｏｒｓ
predators
Ｅ）E)ｄｅｄｉｃａｔｅｄ
dedicated Ｍ） ｒｍｏｖｅremove
Ｆ） ｄｗｅｌｌｓ
F) dwells Ｎ）N) ｔｅｍｐｔ
tempt
Ｇ） ｅｘｔｉｎｃｔｉｏｎ
G) extinction Ｏ 0)ｕｎｄｒｌｙｉｎｇ
underlying
Ｈ）ｆｅｒｅ
H) fierce

Ｓｅｃｔｉｏｎ
Section BＢ
Ｄｉｒｅｃｔｉｏｎｓ：
Directions Ｉｈ
: Inｔｈｉｓ
this ｓｅｃｔｉｏｎ，ｙｏｕ
section , youａｒｅ
areｇｏｉｎｇ
goingｔｏtoｒｅａｄ
readａ aｐａｓｓａｇｅ
passageｗｉｔｈ
withｔｅｎ
tenｓｔａｔｅｍｅｎｔｓ
statements ａｔｔａｃｈｅｄ
attached ｔｏ
to ｉｔ． Ｅａｃｈ
it. Each
ｓｔａｔｅｍｅｎｔ ｃｏｎｔａｉｎｓ ｉｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎ ｇｉｖｅｎ ｉｎ ｏｎｅ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｐａｒａｇｒａｐｈｓ．Ｉｄｅｎｔｉｆｙ ｔｈｅ ｐａｒａｇｒａｐｈ ｆｒｏｍ
statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identif
y the paragraph from
ｗｈｉｃｈ
whichｔｈｅ
the ｉｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎ ｉｓ derived.
information is ｄｅｒｉｖｅｄ．YouＹｏｕmay
ｍａｙ choose
ｃｈｏｏｓｅaａ paragra
ｐａｒａｇｒａｐｈ ｍｏｒｅ than
ph more ｔｈａｎ once.
ｏｎｃｅ． Each
Ｅａｃｈ
ｐａｒａｇｒａｐｈ
paragraphｉｓisｍａｒｋｅｄ
markedｗｉｔｈ
withａ aｌｅｔｅｒ．Ａｎｓｗｅｒ ｔｈｅtheｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｓ
letter. Answer questionsｂｙbyｍａｒｋｉｎｇ
markingｔｈｅtheｃｏｒｒｅｓｐｏｎｄｉｎｇ
correspondingｌｅｔｔｅｒ
letter
ｏｎon Ａｎｓｗｅｒ
AnswerＳｈｅｅｔ
Sheet ２．
2.

ＤｏDoＰａｒｅｎｔｓ
Parents Ｉｎｖａｄｅ
Invade Ｃｈｉｌｄｒｅｎ＇ｓ Ｐｒｉｖａｃｙ When
Children's Privacy Ｗｈｅｎ Ｔｈｅｙ
They Ｐｏｓｔ Ｐｈｏｔｏｓ Online?
Post Photos Ｏｎｌｉｎｅ？
[ A Ｗｈｅｎ
［Ａ］ ] When Katlyn
Ｋａｔｌｙｎ Burbidge'sｓｏｎ
Ｂｕｒｂｉｄｇｅ＇ｓ sonｗａｓ
was６ 6ｙｅａｒｓ
yearsｏｌｄ，
old, ｈｅ
he ｗａｓ
wasｐｅｒｆｏｒｍｉｎｇ
performing ｓｏｍｅ
someｒｉｄｉｃｕｌｏｕｓ
ridiculous song
ｓｏｎｇ and
ａｎｄ
ｄａｎｃｅ
danceｔｙｐｉｃａｌ
typicalｏｆ
ofａa ｆｉｒｓｔ－ｇｒａｄｅｒ． Ｂｕｔafter
first-grader. But ａｆｔｅｒsheｓｈｅsnapped
ｓｎａｐｐｅｄ aａ photo
ｐｈｏｔｏ and
ａｎｄ ｓｔａｒｔｅｄ ｕｓｉｎｇ her
started using ｈｅｒ phone,
ｐｈｏｎｅ， heｈｅ
ａｓｋｅｄ
askedｈｅｒ
herａa ｓｅｒｉｏｕｓ ｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎ：＂Ａｒｅ
serious question: " Are ｙｏｕ
you ｇｏｉｎｇ
going ｔｏ
to ｐｏｓｔ ｔｈａｔonline?"
post that ｏｎｌｉｎｅ？＂Ｓｈｅ ｌａｕｇｈｅｄ and
She laughed ａｎｄ answered,
ａｎｓｗｅｒｅｄ，
＂Ｙｅｓ，
" Yes,ＩI ｔｈｉｎｋ
think IＩ will."
ｗｉｌｌ．＂Ｗｈａｔ
What ｈｅ
he ｓａｉｄ ｎｅｘｔ stopped
said next ｓｔｏｐｐｅｄher.
ｈｅｒ．＂Ｃａｎ ｙｏｕ not?"
" Can you ｎｏｔ？＂

[ B]Ｔｈａｔ＇ｓ
［Ｂ］ That'sｗｈｅｎ
whenｉｔitｄａｗｎｅｄ
dawnedｏｎonｈｅｒ：
her:Ｓｈｅ
Sheｈａｄ
hadｂｅｅｎ
beenｐｏｓｔｉｎｇ
postingｐｈｏｔｏｓ
photosｏｆofｈｉｍ
himｏｎｌｉｎｅ
online ｗｉｔｈｏｕｔ
without ａｓｋｉｎｇ
asking ｈｉｓ
his
ｐｅｒｍｉｓｓｉｏｎ．＂Ｗｅ＇ｒｅ
permission. " We're ｂｉｇbigａｄｖｏｃａｔｅｓ
advocatesｏｆofｂｏｄｉｌｙ
bodily ａｕｔｏｎｏｍｙ
autonomyａｎｄ andｎｏｔ
notｆｏｒｃｉｎｇ
forcingｈｉｍ
himｔｏto ｈｕｇ
hugｏｒor ｋｉｓｓ ｐｅｏｐｌｅ
kiss people
ｕｎｌｅｓｓ
unlessｈｅheｗａｎｔｓ
wantsｔｏ，ｂｕｔ
to, butｉｔit ｎｅｖｅｒ
neverｏｃｃｕｒｒｅｄ
occurredｔｏto ｍｅ
meｔｈａｔ
that ＩI ｓｈｏｕｌｄ
should ａｓｋ
ask ｈｉｓ ｐｅｒｍｉｓｓｉｏｎ toｔｏ post
his permission ｐｏｓｔ photos
ｐｈｏｔｏｓ ofｏｆ
ｈｉｍhimｏｎｌｉｎｅ，＂ｓａｙｓ
online," says Ｂｕｒｂｉｄｇｅ，ａ
Burbidge, a ｍｏｍmornｏｆofｔｗｏ
twoｉｎinＷａｋｅｆｉｅｌｄ， Ｍａｓｓａｃｈｕｓｅｔｔｓ．＂Ｎｏｗ
Wakefield, Massachusetts. " Now ｗｈｅｎ
whenＩI ｐｏｓｔ
post aａ
ｐｈｏｔｏ
photoｏｆofｈｉｍ
himｏｎｌｉｎｅ，
online, ＩI ｓｈｏｗ
show ｈｉｍ
himｔｈｅ
the ｐｈｏｔｏ
photo ａｎｄ
and ｇｅｔ
get ｈｉｓ ｏｋａｙ．＂"
his okay.

[ C Ｗｈｅｎ
［Ｃ］ ] When
ｈｅｒ her 8-month-old
８－ｍｏｎｔｈ－ｏｌｄ ｉｓ ３isｏｒ3 ４orｙｅａｒｓ
4 years
ｏｌｄ，old,ｓｈｅsheｐｌａｎｓ
plansｔｏtoｓｔａｒｔ
start ａｓｋｉｎｇ
asking ｈｉｍ
him ｉｎ
in ａｎ
an ａｇｅ－ａｐｐｒｏｐｒｉａｔｅ
age-appropriate
ｗａｙ，＂Ｄｏ ｙｏｕyou
way, " Do ｗａｎｔwant
ｏｔｈｅｒother
ｐｅｏｐｌｅ ｔｏ ｓｅｅ
people ｔｈｉｓ？＂Ｔｈａｔ＇ｓ
to see ｐｒｅｃｉｓｅｌｙ
this?" That's preciselyｔｈｅ
theａｐｐｒｏａｃｈ
approachｔｈａｔ
that ｔｗｏ
two ｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈｅｒｓ
researchers
advocatedｂｅｆｏｒｅ
ａｄｖｏｃａｔｅｄ before ａa ｒｏｏｍ
room ｏｆ
of ｐｅｄｉａｔｒｉｃｉａｎｓ（儿科医生）ｌａｓｔ
pediatricians ( JL =r4 � !i. ) last week
ｗｅｅｋ atａｔthe
ｔｈｅAmerican
ＡｍｅｒｉｃａｎAcademy
Ａｃａｄｅｍｙ of
ｏｆ

第第 ５／ １２页
5／12页 淘宝店铺∶光速考研工作室
 Ｐｅｄｉａｔｒｉｃｓ ｍｅｅｔｉｎｇ， when
Pediatrics meeting, ｗｈｅｎ ｔｈｅｙ
they ｄｉｓｃｕｓｓｅｄ
discussed ｔｈｅ ２ｌｓｔ century
the 21st ｃｅｎｔｕｒｙ challenge
ｃｈａｌｌｅｎｇｅofｏｆ" sharenting,"
＂ｓｈａｒｅｎｔｉｎｇ，＂ａa new
ｎｅｗ term
ｔｅｒｍ ｆｏｒ
for
ｐａｒｅｎｔｓ＇ｏｎｌｉｎｅ
parents' online ｓｈａｒｉｎｇ
sharing ａｂｏｕｔ
aboutｔｈｅｉｒ
their ｃｈｉｌｄｒｅｎ．＂
children. " Ａｓ
As ａｄｖｏｃａｔｅｓ
advocatesｏｆofｃｈｉｌｄｒｅｎ＇ｓ
children's ｒｉｇｈｔｓ， ｗｅ ｂｅｌｉｅｖｅ
rights, we believe ｔｈａｔ
that
ｃｈｉｌｄｒｅｎ
childrenｓｈｏｕｌｄ
should ｈａｖｅ
haveａaｖｏｉｃｅ
voice ａｂｏｕｔ
about ｗｈａｔ
whatｉｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎ
information ｉｓ ｓｈａｒｅｄ about
is shared ａｂｏｕｔ them
ｔｈｅｍ ｉｆif possible,"
ｐｏｓｓｉｂｌｅ，＂ｓａｙｓ Ｓｔａｃｅｙ
says Stacey
Ｓｔｅｉｎｂｅｒｇ，
Steinberg, ａa ｌｅｇａｌ
legal ｓｋｉｌｌｓ ｐｒｏｆｅｓｓｏｒatａｔtheｔｈｅUniversity
skills professor ＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙofｏｆFlorida
ＦｌｏｒｉｄａLevin
Ｌｅｖｉｎ College
Ｃｏｌｌｅｇｅ of
ｏｆ Law
Ｌａｗ ｉｎin Ｇａｉｎｅｓｖｉｌｌｅ．
Gainesville.

[ D ] Whether
［Ｄ］Ｗｈｅｔｈｅｒ ｉｔ＇ｓ it's ensuring
ｅｎｓｕｒｉｎｇ ｔｈａｔthat your
ｙｏｕｒ child
ｃｈｉｌｄ isn'tｂｕｌｌｉｅｄ
ｉｓｎ＇ｔ bulliedｏｖｅｒ
overｓｏｍｅｔｈｉｎｇ
somethingｙｏｕyou post,ｔｈａｔ
ｐｏｓｔ， thatｔｈｅｉｒ
their ｉｄｅｎｔｉｔｙ
identity
ｉｓｎ＇ｔ ｄｉｇｉｔａｌｌｙ＂ｋｉｄｎａｐｐｅｄ＂，
isn't digitally " kidnapped" , ｏｒ
or ｔｈａｔ ｔｈｅｉｒphotos
that their ｐｈｏｔｏｓ don't
ｄｏｎ＇ｔend
ｅｎｄ upｕｐ onｏｎ aａ half
ｈａｌｆdozen
ｄｏｚｅｎ child
ｃｈｉｌｄpornogra
ｐｏｒｎｏｇｒａｐｈｙ
phy
( � ·rt ) ｓｉｔｅｓ，
（色情） sites, asａｓ one
ｏｎｅ Australian
Ａｕｓｔｒａｌｉａｎ morn discovered, ｐａｒｅｎｔｓ
ｍｏｍ ｄｉｓｃｏｖｅｒｅｄ， parents ａｎｄandｐｅｄｉａｔｒｉｃｉａｎｓ
pediatricians ａｒｅare ｉｎｃｒｅａｓｉｎｇｌｙ
increasingly
awareｏｆofｔｈｅ
ａｗａｒｅ theｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｃｅ
importanceｏｆofｐｒｏｔｅｃｔｉｎｇ
protecting ｃｈｉｌｄｒｅｎ＇ｓ
children's digital
ｄｉｇｉｔａｌpresence.
ｐｒｅｓｅｎｃｅ．Steinberg
ＳｔｅｉｎｂｅｒｇandａｎｄBahareh
Ｂａｈａｒｅｈ Keith,
Ｋｅｉｔｈ
ａｎanａｓｓｉｓｔａｎｔ
assistant ｐｒｏｆｅｓｓｏｒ
professor of ｏｆ pediatrics
ｐｅｄｉａｔｒｉｃｓatａｔtheｔｈｅUniversity
ＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙofｏｆFlorida
ＦｌｏｒｉｄａCollege
ＣｏｌｌｅｇｅofｏｆMedicine,
Ｍｅｄｉｃｉｎｅ，say ｓａｙ most
ｍｏｓｔ
ｃｈｉｌｄｒｅｎ
childrenｗｉｌｌ
will ｌｉｋｅｌｙ ｎｅｖｅｒ ｅｘｐｅｒｉｅｎｃｅ
likely never experience ｐｒｏｂｌｅｍｓ
problemsｒｅｌａｔｅｄ
related ｔｏ
to ｗｈａｔ
whatｔｈｅｉｒ
their ｐａｒｅｎｔｓ
parents ｓｈａｒｅ，
share, butｂｕｔ aａ ｔｅｎｓｉｏｎ
tension
ｓｔｉｌｌ ｅｘｉｓｔｓ between
still exists ｂｅｔｗｅｅｎ ｐａｒｅｎｔｓ＇ｒｉｇｈｔｓ
parents' rightsｔｏtoｓｈａｒｅ
shareｔｈｅｉｒ
their ｅｘｐｅｒｉｅｎｃｅｓ
experiencesａｎｄ andｔｈｅｉｒ
theirｃｈｉｌｄｒｅｎ＇ｓ
children's ｒｉｇｈｔｓ
rights ｔｏ ｐｒｉｖａｃｙ．
to privacy.

[ E ] " We're
［Ｅ］＂Ｗｅ＇ｒｅ ｉｎ in
ｎｏ no
ｗａｙway trying
ｔｒｙｉｎｇ ｔｏ toｓｉｌｅｎｃｅ
silenceｐａｒｅｎｔｓ＇
parents' voices," Steinberg says.
ｖｏｉｃｅｓ，＂Ｓｔｅｉｎｂｅｒｇ " At ｔｈｅ
ｓａｙｓ．＂Ａｔ the same time, we
ｓａｍｅ ｔｉｍｅ， ｗｅ
recognize ｔｈａｔ
ｒｅｃｏｇｎｉｚｅ that ｃｈｉｌｄｒｅｎ
children ｍｉｇｈｔ
might ｈａｖｅ
have ａｎanｉｎｔｅｒｅｓｔ
interest ｉｎ
in ｅｎｔｅｒｉｎｇ
entering adulthood free to
ａｄｕｌｔｈｏｏｄ ｆｒｅｅ ｔｏ create
ｃｒｅａｔｅ their
ｔｈｅｉｒown
ｏｗｎ
ｄｉｇｉｔａｌ
digital ｆｏｏｔｐｒｉｎｔ．＂
footprint." Ｔｈｅｙ
Theyｃｉｔｅｄ
citedａaｓｔｕｄｙ
studyｐｒｅｓｅｎｔｅｄ
presentedｅａｒｌｉｅｒ
earlier ｔｈｉｓ ｙｅａｒ of
this year ｏｆ 249
２４９ ｐａｉｒｓ ｏｆ parents
pairs of ｐａｒｅｎｔｓ and
ａｎｄ ｔｈｅｉｒ
their
ｃｈｉｌｄｒｅｎ
children ｉｎ
in ｗｈｉｃｈ
which ｔｗｉｃｅ
twice ａｓ
as ｍａｎｙ
manyｃｈｉｌｄｒｅｎ
children ａｓ
as ｐａｒｅｎｔｓ
parents ｗａｎｔｅｄ
wanted ｒｕｌｅｓ
rules ｏｎ
on ｗｈａｔ
whatｐａｒｅｎｔｓ
parents ｃｏｕｌｄ
could ｓｈａｒｅ．
share.
＂Ｔｈｅ
" Theｐａｒｅｎｔｓ
parents ｓａｉｄ，＇Ｗｅ
said, ' Weｄｏｎｔ
don'tｎｅｅｄ
needｒｕｌｅｓ
rules —
- ｗｅｒｅ
we'reｆｉｎｅ，＇ａｎｄ
fine, ' andｔｈｅ
theｃｈｉｌｄｒｅｎ ｓａｉｄ，＇Ｏｕｒ
children said, ' Our ｐａｒｅｎｔｓ
parents
ｎｅｅｄ
needｒｕｌｅｓ，＇＂Ｋｅｉｔｈ
rules, ' " Keithｓａｙｓ．＂Ｔｈｅ ｃｈｉｌｄｒｅｎ
says. " The childrenｗａｎｔｅｄ
wantedａｕｔｏｎｏｍｙ
autonomyａｂｏｕｔ
aboutｔｈｉｓ
this ｉｓｓｕｅ ａｎｄ were
issue and ｗｅｒｅ worried
ｗｏｒｒｉｅｄ
aboutｔｈｅｉｒ
ａｂｏｕｔ their ｐａｒｅｎｔｓ
parents sharing
ｓｈａｒｉｎｇ information
ｉｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎ about
ａｂｏｕｔ them."
ｔｈｅｍ．＂

[ F ]Ａｌｔｈｏｕｇｈ
［Ｆ］ AlthoughｔｈｅtheＡｍｅｒｉｃａｎ
American Academy
Ａｃａｄｅｍｙ of Pediatricsｏｆｆｅｒｓ
ｏｆ Ｐｅｄｉａｔｒｉｃｓ offersｇｕｉｄｅｌｉｎｅｓ
guidelines ｒｅｃｏｍｍｅｎｄｉｎｇ
recommendingｔｈａｔ that ｐａｒｅｎｔｓ
parents
ｍｏｄｅｌ
modelａｐｐｒｏｐｒｉａｔｅ
appropriateｓｏｃｉａｌ
socialｍｅｄｉａ
mediaｕｓｅuseｆｏｒforｔｈｅｉｒ
theirｃｈｉｌｄｒｅｎ，
children, ｉｔit ｄｏｅｓ
does ｎｏｔ
not ｅｘｐｌｉｃｉｔｌｙ ｄｉｓｃｕｓｓ oversharing
explicitly discuss ｏｖｅｒｓｈａｒｉｎｇ
ｂｙbyｐａｒｅｎｔｓ．＂Ｉ
parents. " ｔｈｉｎｋ
I thinkｔｈｉｓ
thisｉｓis ａ aｖｅｒｙ
veryｌｅｇｉｔｉｍａｔｅ
legitimate ｃｏｎｃｅｒｎ，
concern, ａｎｄ
and ＩI ａｐｐｒｅｃｉａｔｅ
appreciate ｔｈｅｉｒ ｄｒａｗｉｎｇ ｏｕｒ
their drawing our
ａｔｔｅｎｔｉｏｎ
attention ｔｏ
to ｉｔ，＂Ｄａｖｉｄ
it," David Ｈｉｌｌ，
Hill, aａ father
ｆａｔｈｅｒ of
ｏｆ five,
ｆｉｖｅ says.
ｓａｙｓ ＨｅHeｓｅｅｓ
seesａ aｒｏｌｅ
roleｆｏｒ
forｐｅｄｉａｔｒｉｃｉａｎｓ
pediatricians ｔｏ ｔａｌｋ with
to talk ｗｉｔｈ
ｐａｒｅｎｔｓ
parentsａｂｏｕｔ
aboutｔｈｉｓ， ｂｕｔ believes
this, but ｂｅｌｉｅｖｅｓthe
ｔｈｅmessaging
ｍｅｓｓａｇｉｎｇ must
ｍｕｓｔ extend
ｅｘｔｅｎｄ ｆａｒ ｂｅｙｏｎｄ ｐｅｄｉａｔｒｉｃｉａｎｓ＇ｏｆｆｉｃｅｓ．＂Ｉ
far beyond pediatricians' offices. " I
ｌｏｏｋ
lookｆｏｒｗａｒｄ
forwardｔｏtoｓｅｅｉｎｇ
seeingｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈｅｒｓ
researchers ｅｘｐａｎｄ
expandｏｕｒ
ourｕｎｄｅｒｓｔａｎｄｉｎｇ
understandingｏｆofｔｈｅ
theｉｓｓｕｅ
issueｓｏsoｗｅweｃａｎ
canｔｒａｎｓｌａｔｅ
translate ｉｔ
it
ｉｎｔｏ
into ｅｆｆｅｃｔｉｖｅ ｅｄｕｃａｔｉｏｎ and
effective education ａｎｄ policy,"
ｐｏｌｉｃｙ，＂ｈｅhe ｓａｙｓ．
says.

[ GＴｈｅｒｅ＇ｓ
［Ｇ］ ] There's been
ｂｅｅｎ littleｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈ
ｌｉｔｔｌｅ researchｏｎonｔｈｅ
theｔｏｐｉｃ，
topic, Ｓｔｅｉｎｂｅｒｇ
Steinberg ｗｒｏｔｅ
wroteｉｎinａaｌａｗ
lawａｒｔｉｃｌｅ
article ａｂｏｕｔ
about ｔｈｉｓ
this issue.
ｉｓｓｕｅ．While
Ｗｈｉｌｅ
states could
ｓｔａｔｅｓ pass ｌａｗｓ
ｃｏｕｌｄ ｐａｓｓ laws ｒｅｌａｔｅｄ
related ｔｏ
to ｓｈａｒｉｎｇ
sharing ｉｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎ
information ａｂｏｕｔ
about ｃｈｉｌｄｒｅｎ
children ｏｎｌｉｎｅ，
online, Ｓｔｅｉｎｂｅｒｇ
Steinberg ｆｅｅｌｓ
feels
ｐａｒｅｎｔｓ
parentsｔｈｅｍｓｅｌｖｅｓ
themselvesａｒｅ
are ｇｅｎｅｒａｌｌｙ
generally ｂｅｓｔ
best ｓｕｉｔｅｄ ｔｏ make
suited to ｍａｋｅ ｔｈｅｓｅ
these ｄｅｃｉｓｉｏｎｓ ｆｏｒ their
decisions for ｔｈｅｉｒfamilies.
ｆａｍｉｌｉｅｓ．＂Ｗｈｉｌｅ
" While
ｗｅweｄｉｄｎ＇ｔ
didn't ｗａｎｔ
want ｔｏ
to ｃｒｅａｔｅ
create ａｎｙ
any ｕｎｎｅｃｅｓｓａｒｙ
unnecessary ｐａｎｉｃ， ｗｅ ｄｉｄ
panic, we did ｆｉｎｄ ｓｏｍｅ ｃｏｎｃｅｒｎｓ
find some concerns ｔｈａｔ ｗｅｒｅ
that were
ｔｒｏｕｂｌｅｓｏｍｅ，
troublesome, ａｎｄ
and ｗｅ
weｔｈｏｕｇｈｔ
thoughtｔｈａｔ
that ｐａｒｅｎｔｓ
parents ｏｒ
or ａｔ
at ｌｅａｓｔ ｐｈｙｓｉｃｉａｎｓshould
least physicians ｓｈｏｕｌｄbeｂｅ aware
ａｗａｒｅ ofｏｆ ｔｈｏｓｅ
those
ｐｏｔｅｎｔｉａｌ ｒｉｓｋｓ，＂ Steinberg
potential risks," Ｓｔｅｉｎｂｅｒｇ says.
ｓａｙｓ． They
Ｔｈｅｙ ｉｎｃｌｕｄｅ
include ｐｈｏｔｏｓ
photos ｒｅｐｕｒｐｏｓｅｄ
repurposedｆｏｒ
forｉｎａｐｐｒｏｐｒｉａｔｅ
inappropriate ｏｒorｉｌｌｅｇａｌ
illegal
means,ｉｄｅｎｔｉｔｙ
ｍｅａｎｓ， identityｔｈｅｆｔ，
theft, embarrassment, bullying ｂｙ
ｅｍｂａｒｒａｓｓｍｅｎｔ， ｂｕｌｌｙｉｎｇ by ｐｅｅｒｓ
peers ｏｒ
or ｄｉｇｉｔａｌ
digital kidnapping.
ｋｉｄｎａｐｐｉｎｇ．

［Ｈ］
[ HＢｕｔ
J Butｔｈａｔ＇ｓ
that'sｔｈｅ
theｎｅｇａｔｉｖｅ
negativeｓｉｄｅ，
side, ｗｉｔｈ
with ｒｉｓｋｓ
risks ｔｈａｔ ｍｕｓｔ ｂｅ
that must be ｂａｌａｎｃｅｄ
balanced ａｇａｉｎｓｔ
against ｔｈｅ
the ｂｅｎｅｆｉｔｓ ｏｆ sharing.
benefits of ｓｈａｒｉｎｇ
Ｓｔｅｉｎｂｅｒｇ
Steinberg ｐｏｉｎｔｅｄ
pointed ｏｕｔ
out ｔｈａｔ ｐａｒｅｎｔａｌ sharing
that parental ｓｈａｒｉｎｇ onｏｎ social
ｓｏｃｉａｌmedia
ｍｅｄｉａ helps
ｈｅｌｐｓ build
ｂｕｉｌｄ communities,
ｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｔｉｅｓ， connect
ｃｏｎｎｅｃｔ
ｓｐｒｅａｄ－ｏｕｔ
spread-out ｆａｍｉｌｉｅｓ， ｐｒｏｖｉｄｅ support
families, provide ｓｕｐｐｏｒｔ and
ａｎｄ ｒａｉｓｅ ａｗａｒｅｎｅｓｓ ａｒｏｕｎｄ
raise awareness around ｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔ
importantｓｏｃｉａｌ
social ｉｓｓｕｅｓ
issues ｆｏｒ
for
ｗｈｉｃｈ ｐａｒｅｎｔｓ ｍｉｇｈｔ ｂｅ ｔｈｅｉｒ ｃｈｉｌｄ＇ｓ ｏｎｌｙ ｖｏｉｃｅ．
which parents might be their child's only voice.

第６／１２页
第 6／12页 淘宝店铺∶光速考研工作室
 [ I ] AＣ．Ｓ．
［Ｉ］Ａ C. S.Ｍｏｔｔ
Mottｓｕｒｖｅｙ
surveyｆｏｕｎｄ
foundａｍｏｎｇ
amongｔｈｅthe５６ 56ｐｅｒｃｅｎｔ
percentｏｆofｍｏｔｈｅｒｓ
mothersａｎｄand３４34ｐｅｒｃｅｎｔ
percent ｏｆ
of ｆａｔｈｅｒｓ
fathers who
ｗｈｏ
ｄｉｓｃｕｓｓｅｄ
discussed ｐａｒｅｎｔｉｎｇ
parenting ｏｎ
onｓｏｃｉａｌ
social ｍｅｄｉａ，
media, ７２
72 ｐｅｒｃｅｎｔ
percent ｏｆ
of ｔｈｅｍ
them ｓａｉｄ
said ｓｈａｒｉｎｇ
sharing ｍａｄｅ
madeｔｈｅｍ
themｆｅｅｌ
feelｌｅｓｓ
less ａｌｏｎｅ，
alone,
and nearly as many said sharing helped them worry less and gave them
ａｎｄ ｎｅａｒｌｙ ａｓ ｍａｎｙ ｓａｉｄ ｓｈａｒｉｎｇ ｈｅｌｐｅｄ ｔｈｅｍ ｗｏｒｒｙ ｌｅｓｓ ａｎｄ ｇａｖｅ ｔｈｅｍ ａｄｖｉｃｅ ｆｒｏｍ ｏｔｈｅｒadvice from other
ｐａｒｅｎｔｓ．
parents. Ｔｈｅ
The ｍｏｓｔ
mostｃｏｍｍｏｎ
commonｔｏｐｉｃｓ ｔｈｅｙthey
topics ｄｉｓｃｕｓｓｅｄ ｉｎｃｌｕｄｅｄ
discussed ｋｉｄｓ＇ｓｌｅｅｐ，
included ｎｕｔｒｉｔｉｏｎ，
kids' sleep, nutrition,ｄｉｓｃｉｐｌｉｎｅ，
discipline,
ｂｅｈａｖｉｏｒ
behaviorｐｒｏｂｌｅｍｓ
problemsａｎｄ
andｄａｙ
dayｃａｒｅ
care ａｎｄ
and ｐｒｅｓｃｈｏｏｌ．
preschool.

[ J ] " There's
［Ｊ］＂Ｔｈｅｒｅ＇ｓ ｔｈｉｓthisｐｅｅｒ－ｔｏ－ｐｅｅｒ
peer-to-peerｎａｔｕｒｅ
nature ｏｆofｈｅａｌｔｈ
health ｃａｒｅ
care ｔｈｅｓｅ
these days with ａa ｐｒｏｆｏｕｎｄ
ｄａｙｓ ｗｉｔｈ profound ｏｐｐｏｒｔｕｎｉｔｙ
opportunity ｆｏｒ
for
ｐａｒｅｎｔｓ
parentsｔｏtoｌｅａｒｎ
learn ｈｅｌｐｆｕｌ
helpful ｔｉｐｓ， ｓａｆｅｔｙand
tips, safety ａｎｄ prevention
ｐｒｅｖｅｎｔｉｏｎ efforts,
ｅｆｆｏｒｔｓ，pro-vaccine
ｐｒｏ－ｖａｃｃｉｎｅmessages
ｍｅｓｓａｇｅｓ and
ａｎｄ ａｌｌ ｋｉｎｄｓ ofｏｆ
all kinds
ｏｔｈｅｒ
other ｍｅｓｓａｇｅｓ
messages ｆｒｏｍ
from ｏｔｈｅｒ
other ｐａｒｅｎｔｓ ｉｎ their
parents in ｔｈｅｉｒsocial
ｓｏｃｉａｌ ｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｔｉｅｓ，＂ｓａｙｓ
communities," Ｗｅｎｄｙ Sue
says Wendy Ｓｕｅ Swanson,
Ｓｗａｎｓｏｎ， aａ
ｐｅｄｉａｔｒｉｃｉａｎ
pediatrician ａｎｄ
and ｅｘｅｃｕｔｉｖｅ
executive ｄｉｒｅｃｔｏｒ
director ｏｆ
of ｄｉｇｉｔａｌ ｈｅａｌｔｈ atａｔ Seattle
digital health Ｓｅａｔｔｌｅ Children's
Ｃｈｉｌｄｒｅｎ＇ｓHospital,
Ｈｏｓｐｉｔａｌ，where
ｗｈｅｒｅ she
ｓｈｅ
blogs ａｂｏｕｔ
ｂｌｏｇｓ about ｈｅｒ
her ｏｗｎ
ownｐａｒｅｎｔｉｎｇ
parenting ｊｏｕｒｎｅｙ
journey ｔｏto ｈｅｌｐ
help ｏｔｈｅｒ
other ｐａｒｅｎｔｓ．＂Ｔｈｅｙ＇ｒｅ
parents. " They're ｇｅｔｔｉｎｇ
getting ｎｕｒｔｕｒｅｄ
nurtured by
ｂｙ
ｐｅｏｐｌｅ
peopleｔｈｅｙ＇ｖｅ
they'veａｌｒｅａｄｙ
alreadyｓｅｌｅｃｔｅｄ
selected ｔｈａｔ ｔｈｅｙ trust,"
that they ｔｒｕｓｔ，＂ｓｈｅshe ｓａｙｓ．
says.

[ K] " How
［Ｋ］＂Ｈｏｗ ｄｏ ｗｅdoｗｅｉｇｈ
we weigh the risks,
ｔｈｅ ｒｉｓｋｓ， ｈｏｗhow doｔｈｉｎｋ
ｄｏ ｗｅ we think about
ａｂｏｕｔ ｔｈｅthe benefits,ａｎｄ
ｂｅｎｅｆｉｔｓ， andｈｏｗ
howｄｏdoｗｅwe alleviate ｔｈｅ
ａｌｌｅｖｉａｔｅ the
ｒｉｓｋｓ？＂ｓｈｅ
risks?" sheｓａｙｓ．＂Ｔｈｏｓｅ ａｒｅareｔｈｅtheｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｓ
says. " Those questions ｗｅ
weｎｅｅｄ
needｔｏtoａｓｋ
ask ｏｕｒｓｅｌｖｅｓ， ａｎｄ everyone
ourselves, and ｅｖｅｒｙｏｎｅ can
ｃａｎ have
ｈａｖｅ aａ
ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔ ａｎｓｗｅｒ．＂
different answer."

[ L ]Ｓｏｍｅ
［Ｌ］ Some parents
ｐａｒｅｎｔｓ ｆｉｎｄfindｔｈｅtheｂｅｓｔ
bestｒｏｕｔｅ
route ｆｏｒ
for ｔｈｅｍ
them ｉｓis ｎｏｔ
not ｔｏ
to ｓｈａｒｅ
share ａｔ
at all.
ａｌｌ．Bridget
ＢｒｉｄｇｅｔO'Hanlon
ＯＨａｎｌｏｎ and her
ａｎｄ ｈｅｒ
ｈｕｓｂａｎｄ，
husband,ｗｈｏ ｌｉｖｅ
who liveｉｎinＣｌｅｖｅｌａｎｄ，
Cleveland,ｄｅｃｉｄｅｄ
decidedｂｅｆｏｒｅ
beforeｔｈｅｉｒ ｄａｕｇｈｔｅｒ was
their daughter ｗａｓ ｂｏｒｎ
born ｔｈａｔ ｔｈｅｙ would
that they ｗｏｕｌｄ ｎｏｔ ｐｏｓｔ
not post
ｈｅｒherｐｈｏｔｏｓ
photos ｏｎｌｉｎｅ． Ｗｈｅｎ ａa ｆｅｗ
online. When few ｆａｍｉｌｙ ｍｅｍｂｅｒｓ ｄｉｄ
family members did ｐｏｓｔ ｐｉｃｔｕｒｅｓ，O'Hanlon
post pictures, ＯＨａｎｌｏｎ and
ａｎｄ her
ｈｅｒ husband
ｈｕｓｂａｎｄ
ｍａｄｅ
made ｔｈｅｉｒ
theirｗｉｓｈｅｓ
wishesｃｌｅａｒ．＂Ｉｔ＇ｓ
clear. " It's ｂｅｅｎ
been ｈａｒｄ
hard ｎｏｔ
not ｔｏ ｓｈａｒｅ pictures
to share ｐｉｃｔｕｒｅｓofｏｆherｈｅｒbecause
ｂｅｃａｕｓｅpeople
ｐｅｏｐｌｅalways
ａｌｗａｙｓwant
ｗａｎｔ
ｔｏtoｋｎｏｗ
knowｈｏｗ how babiesａｎｄ
ｂａｂｉｅｓ andｔｏｄｄｌｅｒｓ（学走路的孩子）ａｒｅ
toddlers ( � k.ff4-� � --f ) are doingａｎｄ
ｄｏｉｎｇ andｔｏtoｓｅｅ
seeｐｉｃｔｕｒｅｓ，ｂｕｔ
pictures, but we ｗｅ made
ｍａｄｅ
ｔｈｅ
theｄｅｃｉｓｉｏｎ
decision ｔｏ ｈａｖｅ ｓｏｃｉａｌ
to have ｍｅｄｉａ while
social media ｗｈｉｌｅ she
ｓｈｅ did
ｄｉｄ not,"
ｎｏｔ，＂ＯＨａｎｌｏｎ
O'Hanlonｓａｉｄ．said. Ｓｉｍｉｌａｒｌｙ， Ａｌｉｓｏｎ JＪａｍｉｓｏｎ
Similarly, Alison amison
ｏｆofＮｅｗNewＹｏｒｋYork
ｄｅｃｉｄｅｄ ｗｉｔｈwith
decided ｈｅｒ her
ｈｕｓｂａｎｄ ｔｈａｔthat
husband ｔｈｅｉｒtheirｃｈｉｌｄ ｈａｄhadａ ｒｉｇｈｔ
child a rightｔｏtoｔｈｅｉｒ
their ｏｗｎ
ownｏｎｌｉｎｅ
onlineｉｄｅｎｔｉｔｙ．
identity.
Ｔｈｅｙ
Theyｄｉｄ didｕｓｅuseａｎanｉｎｖｉｔａｔｉｏｎ－ｏｎｌｙ
invitation-only ｐｈｏｔｏ
photoｓｈａｒｉｎｇ
sharing ｐｌａｔｆｏｒｍ
platform ｓｏsoｔｈａｔ
that ｆｒｉｅｎｄｓ
friends ａｎｄ
and ｆａｍｉｌｙ，
family, ｉｎｃｌｕｄｉｎｇ
including
ｔｈｏｓｅ
thoseｆａｒfar ａｗａｙ，
away,ｃｏｕｌｄ
couldｓｅｅseeｔｈｅ
theｐｈｏｔｏｓ，
photos,ｂｕｔ
butｔｈｅｙ
theyｓｔｏｏｄ
stoodｆｉｒｍ，firm,ｓｉｍｐｌｙ
simplyｒｅｆｕｓｉｎｇ
refusingｔｏtoｐｕｔputｔｈｅｉｒ
their ｃｈｉｌｄ＇ｓ
child's
ｐｈｏｔｏｓ
photosｏｎonｏｔｈｅｒ
otherｓｏｃｉａｌ
social ｍｅｄｉａ
media ｐｌａｔｆｏｒｍｓ．
platforms.

［Ｍ］＂Ｆｏｒ
[ M ] " ｍｏｓｔ ｆａｍｉｌｉｅｓ，
For most ｉｔ＇ｓit'sａ aｊｏｕｒｎｅｙ．
families, journey.Ｓｏｍｅｔｉｍｅｓ
Sometimesｉｔitｇｏｅｓ
goesｗｒｏｎｇ，
wrong,ｂｕｔ
butｍｏｓｔ
mostｏｆofｔｈｅtheｔｉｍｅ
timeｉｔit ｄｏｅｓｎ＇ｔ，＂
doesn't,"
ｓａｙｓ
saysＳｗａｎｓｏｎ，
Swanson,ｗｈｏ ｒｅｃｏｍｍｅｎｄｓ
who ｓｔａｒｔｉｎｇ
recommends ｔｏ toａｓｋaskｃｈｉｌｄｒｅｎ
starting childrenｐｅｒｍｉｓｓｉｏｎ
permissionｔｏtoｐｏｓｔ
postｎａｒｒａｔｉｖｅｓ ｏｒ photos
narratives or ｐｈｏｔｏｓ
aroundａｇｅｓ
ａｒｏｕｎｄ ages６ 6ｔｏto ８．＂Ｗｅ＇ｌｌ
8. " We'llｌｅａｒｎ
learn ｍｏｒｅ
moreａｎｄ
andｍｏｒｅ
moreｗｈａｔ
what
ｏｕｒourｔｏｌｅｒａｎｃｅ
toleranceｉｓ．
is. We can ａｓｋ
Ｗｅ ｃａｎ ask ｏｕｒ
our ｋｉｄｓ
kids ｔｏ
to
ｈｅｌｐ
helpｕｓusｌｅａｒｎ
learn ａｓ
as ａa ｓｏｃｉｅｔｙ ｗｈａｔ＇ｓ okay
society what's ｏｋａｙ and
ａｎｄ ｗｈａｔ＇ｓ ｎｏｔ．＂
what's not."

［ [ Ｎ］
N ] Ｉｎｄｅｅｄ，
Indeed, ｔｈａｔ
that ｌｅａｒｎｉｎｇ ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓ goes
learning process ｇｏｅｓ both
ｂｏｔｈ ways.
ｗａｙｓ． Bria
Ｂｒｉａ Dunham,
Ｄｕｎｈａｍ， ａa ｍｏｔｈｅｒ
mother ｉｎin Ｓｏｍｅｒｖｉｌｌｅ，
Somerville,
Massachusetts, ｗａｓ
Ｍａｓｓａｃｈｕｓｅｔｔｓ， wasｓｏsoｅｘｃｉｔｅｄ
excited ｔｏ
to ｗａｔｃｈ
watch ａa ｍｏｍｅｎｔ
momentｏｆofｂｒｏｔｈｅｒｌｙ
brotherlyｂｏｎｄｉｎｇ
bondingｗｈｉｌｅ
whileｈｅｒ
herｆｉｒｓｔ－ｇｒａｄｅｒ
first-grader
ａｎｄandｂａｂｙ
babyｔｏｏｋ
tookａ aｂａｔｈ
bathｔｏｇｅｔｈｅｒ
togetherｔｈａｔ ｓｈｅ snapped
that she ｓｎａｐｐｅｄ ａa few
ｆｅｗ ｐｈｏｔｏｓ． Ｂｕｔ when
photos. But ｗｈｅｎ ｓｈｅ
she ｃｏｎｓｉｄｅｒｅｄ
considered ｐｏｓｔｉｎｇ
posting
ｔｈｅｍ
themｏｎｌｉｎｅ，
online,ｓｈｅ
sheｔｏｏｋ
tookｔｈｅ
theｐｅｒｓｐｅｃｔｉｖｅ
perspective ｏｆ
of ｈｅｒ
her ｓｏｎ： Ｈｏｗ ｗｏｕｌｄ
son: How wouldｈｅheｆｅｅｌ
feelｉｆif ｈｉｓ ｃｌａｓｓｍａｔｅｓ＇ｐａｒｅｎｔｓ
his classmates' parents
ｓａｗ
sawｐｈｏｔｏｓ
photosｏｆofｈｉｍ
himｃｈｅｓｔ－ｕｐ
chest-up ｉｎ
in ｔｈｅ ｂａｔｈｔｕｂ？＂Ｉｔ
the bathtub? ｍａｄｅ ｍｅ
" It made meｔｈｉｎｋ
think ａｂｏｕｔ ｈｏｗ ＩI ａｍ
about how am ｔｅａｃｈｉｎｇ ｈｉｍ ｔｏ
teaching him to
ｈａｖｅ
haveｏｗｎｅｒｓｈｉｐ
ownershipｏｆofｈｉｓ
his ｏｗｎ
ownｂｏｄｙ
bodyａｎｄand
ｈｏｗhow
ｗｈａｔwhat
ｉｓ ｓｈａｒｅｄ ｔｏｄａｙ
is shared ｅｎｄｕｒｅｓ
today enduresｉｎｔｏ
intoｔｈｅ
the ｆｕｔｕｒｅ，＂
future,"
Ｄｕｎｈａｍ
Dunhamｓａｙｓ．＂Ｓｏ Ｉ ｋｅｐｔ
says. " So ｔｈｅtheｐｉｃｔｕｒｅｓ
I kept picturesｔｏtoｍｙｓｅｌｆ
myselfａｎｄ
andａｃｃｅｐｔｅｄ
accepted ｔｈｉｓ ａｓ one
this as ｏｎｅ ｍｏｒｅ
more ｓｔｅｐ
step ｉｎ
in
ｓｕｐｐｏｒｔｉｎｇ
supporting ｈｉｓ
his ｉｎｃｒｅａｓｉｎｇ ａｕｔｏｎｏｍｙ．＂"
increasing autonomy.

第７／ １２页
第 7／12页 淘宝店铺∶光速考研工作室
３６．36.Ｓｔｅｉｎｂｅｒｇ
Steinberg ａｒｇｕｅｄ
arguedｐａｒｅｎｔａｌ
parental ｓｈａｒｉｎｇ
sharing ｏｎｌｉｎｅ
online ｃａｎ
can ｂｅ
be ｂｅｎｅｆｉｃｉａｌ．
beneficial.

３７．
3 7. Ａｃｃｏｒｄｉｎｇ
Accordingｔｏtoａｎanｅｘｐｅｒｔ，
expert, ｗｈｅｎ
whenｃｈｉｌｄｒｅｎ
children ｒｅａｃｈ
reach ｓｃｈｏｏｌ
school ａｇｅ， ｔｈｅｙ can
age, they ｃａｎ ｈｅｌｐ
help ｔｈｅｉｒ ｐａｒｅｎｔｓlearn
their parents ｌｅａｍ what
ｗｈａｔ
ｃａｎ
canａｎｄ
andｃａｎｎｏｔ
cannot ｂｅ ｄｏｎｅ．
be done.

３８．
38. Ｏｎｅ
Oneｍｏｔｈｅｒ
motherｒｅｆｒａｉｎｅｄ
refrained ｆｒｏｍ
fromｐｏｓｔｉｎｇ
posting ｈｅｒ
her ｓｏｎ＇ｓ ｐｈｏｔｏｓ online
son's photos ｏｎｌｉｎｅ when
ｗｈｅｎ ｓｈｅ
she ｃｏｎｓｉｄｅｒｅｄ
considered ｔｈｅ ｍａｔｔｅｒ from
the matter ｆｒｏｍ
ｈｅｒherｓｏｎ＇ｓ
son'sｐｅｒｓｐｅｃｔｉｖｅ．
perspective.

３９．Ａｃｃｏｒｄｉｎｇ ｔｏ toａ ｓｔｕｄｙ，

39. According a study,ｍｏｒｅ ｃｈｉｌｄｒｅｎ
more childrenｔｈａｎ
thanｐａｒｅｎｔｓ
parentsｔｈｉｎｋ
thinkｔｈｅｒｅ
there ｓｈｏｕｌｄ
should ｂｅ
be ｒｕｌｅｓ
rules ｏｎ
on ｐａｒｅｎｔｓ＇ｓｈａｒｉｎｇ．
parents' sharing.

４０．Ｋａｔｌｙｎ
40. KatlynＢｕｒｂｉｄｇｅ ｈａｄhadｎｅｖｅｒ
Burbidge ｒｅａｌｉｚｅｄ
never realizedｓｈｅsheｈａｄhad
ｔｏ toａｓｋaskｈｅｒherｓｏｎ＇ｓ
son'sａｐｐｒｏｖａｌ
approvalｔｏtoｐｕｔ
putｈｉｓ
his ｐｈｏｔｏｓ
photos ｏｎｌｉｎｅ．
online.

４１．Ａ ｍｏｔｈｅｒ
41 . A ｄｅｃｉｄｅｄ
mother ｎｏｔnotｔｏtoｐｏｓｔ
decided postｈｅｒ
herｓｏｎ＇ｓ
son's ｐｈｏｔｏ
photo ｏｎｌｉｎｅ ｗｈｅｎ ｈｅhe ａｓｋｅｄ
online when askedｈｅｒ
her ｎｏｔ
not ｔｏ．
to.

４２．Ａ ｗｏｍａｎ
42. A ｐｅｄｉａｔｒｉｃｉａｎ
woman ｔｒｉｅｓ
pediatrician triesｔｏtoｈｅｌｐ
helpｏｔｈｅｒ
other ｐａｒｅｎｔｓ ｂｙ ｓｈａｒｉｎｇ
parents by ｈｅｒ own
sharing her ｏｗｎ ｐａｒｅｎｔｉｎｇ
parenting ｅｘｐｅｒｉｅｎｃｅ．
experience.

４３．43 .Ｔｈｅｒｅ
Thereａｒｅ
areｐｅｏｐｌｅ
peopleｗｈｏ
whoｄｅｃｉｄｅ ｓｉｍｐｌｙ
decide ｎｏｔnotｔｏ toｓｈａｒｅ
simply shareｔｈｅｉｒ
theirｃｈｉｌｄｒｅｎ＇ｓ
children's ｐｈｏｔｏｓ
photos ｏｎｌｉｎｅ．
online.

４４．
44.Ｐａｒｅｎｔｓ
Parentsａｎｄ
andｐｈｙｓｉｃｉａｎｓ
physiciansｓｈｏｕｌｄ
shouldｒｅａｌｉｚｅ
realize ｓｈａｒｉｎｇ
sharing ｉｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎ
information ｏｎｌｉｎｅ ａｂｏｕｔ ｃｈｉｌｄｒｅｎ
online about ｍａｙ ｉｎｖｏｌｖｅ
children may involveｒｉｓｋｓ．
risks.

４５．Ｐａｒｅｎｔｓ
45 . Parentsｗｈｏ
whoｓｈａｒｅ ｔｈｅｉｒ
share theirｐａｒｅｎｔｉｎｇ
parentingｅｘｐｅｒｉｅｎｃｅｓ
experiencesｍａｙ
mayｆｉｎｄ
findｔｈｅｍｓｅｌｖｅｓ
themselvesｉｎｔｒｕｄｉｎｇ
intrudingｉｎｔｏ
into ｔｈｅｉｒ ｃｈｉｄｒｅｎ＇ｓ
their children's
ｐｒｉｖａｙ．
pnvacy.

Ｓｅｃｔｉｏｎ
Section CＣ
Ｄｉｒｅｃｔｉｏｎｓ：
Directions : Ｔｈｅｒｅ
There ａｒｅ
are ２2ｐａｓｓａｇｅｓ
passages ｉｎin ｔｈｉｓ
this ｓｅｃｔｉｏｎ．Ｅａｃｈ
section. Each ｐａｓｓａｇｅ
passage ｉｓ
is ｆｏｌｌｏｗｅｄ
followed ｂｙ
by ｓｏｍｅ
some ｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｓ
) )
ｏｒ
questions or
ｕｎｆｉｎｉｓｈｅｄ ｓｔａｔｅｍｅｎｔｓ．ForＦｏｒeach
unfinished statements. ｅａｃｈof ｏｆ ｔｈｅｍ
them ｔｈｅｒｅ
there ａｒｅ ｆｏｕｒ
are four ｃｈｏｉｃｅｓ
choices A , BＡ），Ｂ），Ｃ）ａｎｄ
markedｍａｒｋｅｄ , C) and
D) . You
Ｄ）．Ｙｏｕ ｓｈｏｕｌｄ ｄｅｃｉｄｅ
should decideｏｎonｔｈｅ
theｂｅｓｔ
best ｃｈｏｉｃｅ ａｎｄ mark
choice and ｍａｒｋ ｔｈｅ ｃｏｒｒｅｓｐｏｎｄｉｎｇletter
the corresponding ｌｅｔｔｅｒ
on ｏｎ Ａｎｓｗｅｒ
Answer
Ｓｈｅｅｔ
Sheet２ ｗｉｔｈ ａ ｓｉｎｇｌｅ
2 with a singleｌｉｎｅ
lineｔｈｒｏｕｇｈ
throughｔｈｅ
the ｃｅｎｔｒｅ．
centre.

Ｐａｓｓａｇｅ Ｏｎｅ
Passage One
Questions４６46ｔｏto５０
Ｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｓ 50ａｒｅ
are ｂａｓｅｄ
based ｏｎ
onｔｈｅ
the ｆｏｌｌｏｗｉｎｇ
following passage.
ｐａｓｓａｇｅ．
Perhapsｉｔitｉｓis ｔｉｍｅ
Ｐｅｒｈａｐｓ time ｆｏｒ
for ｆａｒｍｅｒｓ
farmers ｔｏ
to ｐｕｔ
put ｔｈｅｉｒ
their feet
ｆｅｅｔ up
ｕｐ now that ｒｏｂｏｔｓ
ｎｏｗ ｔｈａｔ robots ａｒｅ
are ｕｓｅｄ
used ｔｏ
to ｉｎｓｐｅｃｔ
inspect ｃｒｏｐｓ，
crops, dig
ｄｉｇ
ｕｐupｗｅｅｄｓ，ａｎｄ ｎｏｗnowｈａｖｅhaveｂｅｃｏｍｅ
weeds, and ｓｈｅｐｈｅｒｄｓ，
become ｔｏｏ．too.Ｃｏｍｍｅｒｃｉａｌ
shepherds, ｇｒｏｗｉｎｇ
Commercial ｆｉｅｌｄｓ
growing fieldsａｒｅ
are ａｓｔｒｏｎｏｍｉｃａｌｌｙ ｈｕｇｅ
astronomically huge
ａｎｄ
andｔａｋｅ
takeｔｈｏｕｓａｎｄｓ
thousandsｏｆofｍａｎ－ｈｏｕｒｓ
man-hoursｔｏtoｏｐｅｒａｔｅ．
operate. Ｏｎｅ
Oneｐｒｉｍｅ
primeｅｘａｍｐｌｅ
exampleｉｓ isｏｎｅoneｏｆofＡｕｓｔｒａｌｉａ＇ｓ
Australia's ｍｏｓｔ
mostｉｓｏｌａｔｅｄ
isolated
cattle ｓｔａｔｉｏｎｓ，
ｃａｔｔｌｅ stations, Suplejack
Ｓｕｐｌｅｊａｃｋ Downs
Ｄｏｗｎｓ ｉｎin ｔｈｅ
the Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ
NorthernＴｅｒｒｉｔｏｒｙ，
Territory, extending
ｅｘｔｅｎｄｉｎｇ across
ａｃｒｏｓｓ 4,000 square ｋｉｌｏｍｅｔｅｒｓ，
４，０００ ｓｑｕａｒｅ kilometers,
takingｏｖｅｒ
ｔａｋｉｎｇ over１３1 3 ｈｏｕｒｓ
hoursｔｏto ｒｅａｃｈ
reach ｂｙ
by ｃａｒ
car ｆｒｏｍ
from ｔｈｅ
the ｎｅａｒｅｓｔ
nearest major
ｍａｊｏｒ town-Alice Springs.
ｔｏｗｎ—Ａｌｉｃｅ Ｓｐｒｉｎｇｓ．
Ｔｈｅ
Theｅｘｔｒｅｍｅ
extremeｉｓｏｌａｔｉｏｎ
isolation ｏｆ
of ｔｈｅｓｅ ｍａｓｓｉｖｅ ｆａｒｍｓ
these massive farms ｌｅａｖｅｓ ｔｈｅｍ ｏｆｔｅｎ
leaves them ｕｎａｔｔｅｎｄｅｄ， and
often unattended, ａｎｄ monitored
ｍｏｎｉｔｏｒｅｄ only
ｏｎｌｙ
ｏｎｃｅ
onceｏｒorｔｗｉｃｅ
twiceａ ｙｅａｒ，ｗｈｉｃｈ ｍｅａｎｓmeans
a year, which ｉｆ ｔｈｅif the
ｌｉｖｅｓｔｏｃｋ ｆａｌｌｓfallsｉｌｌillｏｒorｒｅｑｕｉｒｅｓ
livestock requiresａｓｓｉｓｔａｎｃｅ，
assistance, itｉｔcan
ｃａｎ beｂｅ aａ long
ｌｏｎｇ time
ｔｉｍｅ
ｆｏｒforｆａｒｍｅｒｓ
farmers ｔｏ
to ｄｉｓｃｏｖｅｒ．
discover.
However,ｒｏｂｏｔｓ
Ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ， robotsａｒｅ
are ｃｏｍｉｎｇ
comingｔｏtoｔｈｅ
the ｒｅｓｃｕｅ．
rescue.

第
第 ８／ １２页
8／12页 淘宝店铺∶ 光速考研工作室
 Ｒｏｂｏｔｓ
Robotsａｒｅ
are ｃｕｒｒｅｎｔｌｙ
currently ｕｎｄｅｒ
under ａa ｔｗｏ－ｙｅａｒ
two-year ｔｒｉａｌ
trial inｉｎWales
Ｗａｌｅｓ which
ｗｈｉｃｈ will
ｗｉｌｌ train
ｔｒａｉｎ＇ｆａｒｍｂｏｔｓ＇
' farmbots ' ｔｏ
to ｈｅｒｄ，
herd,
ｍｏｎｉｔｏｒ
monitorｔｈｅ
theｈｅａｌｔｈ
health ｏｆ
of ｌｉｖｅｓｔｏｃｋ， ａｎｄ make
livestock, and ｍａｋｅ ｓｕｒｅ ｔｈｅｒｅ isｉｓenough
sure there ｅｎｏｕｇｈ pasture
ｐａｓｔｕｒｅ forｆｏｒthem
ｔｈｅｍ toｔｏ graze
ｇｒａｚｅ on.ｏｎ． The
Ｔｈｅ
ｒｏｂｏｔｓ ａｒｅ ｅｑｕｉｐｐｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ｍａｎｙ ｓｅｎｓｏｒｓ ｔｏ ｉｄｅｎｔｉｆｙ ｃｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎｓ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔ， ｃａｔｔｌｅ， ａｎｄ ｆｏｏｄ，
robots are equipped with many sensors to identify conditions of the environment, cattle, and food,
ｕｓｉｎｇ
usingｔｈｅｒｍａｌ
thermalａｎｄ
andｖｉｓｉｏｎ
vision ｓｅｎｓｏｒｓ
sensors ｔｈａｔ ｄｅｔｅｃｔ changes
that detect ｃｈａｎｇｅｓ inｉｎ body
ｂｏｄｙ temperature.
ｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅ．
＂Ｙｏｕ＇ｖｅ
" You'veａｌｓｏ
alsoｇｏｔ
gotｃｏｌｏｒ，
color, ｔｅｘｔｕｒｅ ａｎｄ shape
texture and ｓｈａｐｅ sensors
ｓｅｎｓｏｒｓ looking
ｌｏｏｋｉｎｇ down
ｄｏｗｎ ａｔat the
ｔｈｅ ground
ｇｒｏｕｎｄ ｔｏto check
ｃｈｅｃｋ ｐａｓｔｕｒｅ
pasture
ｑｕａｌｉｔｙ，＂ｓａｙｓ
quality," saysＳａｌａｈ
SalahＳｕｋｋａｒｉｅｈ
Sukkariehｏｆofｔｈｅ
theＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ
UniversityｏｆofＳｙｄｎｅｙ，
Sydney,ｗｈｏ
whoｗｉｌｌ
willｃａｒｒｙ
carryｏｕｔ
outｔｒｉａｌｓ ｏｎ several
trials on ｓｅｖｅｒａｌ farms
ｆａｒｍｓ
ｉｎin ｃｅｎｔｒａｌ Ｎｅｗ Ｓｏｕｔｈ
central New Ｗａｌｅｓ．
South Wales.
Duringｔｈｅ
Ｄｕｒｉｎｇ theｔｒｉａｌｓ，
trials, theｔｈｅ robots
ｒｏｂｏｔｓ algorithms ( X- 5t- ) and mechanics
ａｌｇｏｒｉｔｈｍｓ（算法）ａｎｄ ｍｅｃｈａｎｉｃｓ ｗｉｌｌ will be fine-tuned to
ｂｅ ｆｉｎｅ－ｔｕｎｅｄ ｔｏ make
ｍａｋｅ ｉｔit
ｂｅｔｔｅｒ
betterｓｕｉｔｅｄ
suitedｔｏto ａｉｌｉｎｇ ｌｉｖｅｓｔｏｃｋ and
ailing livestock ａｎｄ ｅｎｓｕｒｅ
ensure ｉｔ ｓａｆｅｌｙ navigates
it safely ｎａｖｉｇａｔｅｓ around
ａｒｏｕｎｄ ｐｏｔｅｎｔｉａｌ ｈａｚａｒｄｓ ｉｎｃｌｕｄｉｎｇ
potential hazards including ｔｒｅｅｓ，
trees,
ｍｕｄ，
mud,ｓｗａｍｐｓ，
swamps,ａｎｄ andｈｉｌｌｓ．
hills.
＂Ｗｅ ｗａｎｔ ｔｏ ｉｍｐｒｏｖｅ ｔｈｅtheｑｕａｌｉｔｙ
" We want to improve qualityｏｆofａｎｉｍａｌanimalｈｅａｌｔｈ
healthａｎｄ andｍａｋｅ
make ｉｔ itｅａｓｉｅｒ
easier ｆｏｒ
for ｆａｒｍｅｒｓ
farmers ｔｏ to ｍａｉｎｔａｉｎ
maintain
ｌａｒｇｅ
large ｌａｎｄｓｃａｐｅｓ ｗｈｅｒｅ ａｎｉｍａｌｓ
landscapes where ｒｏａｍ ｆｒｅｅ，＂ｓａｙｓ
animals roam free," says Ｓｕｋｋａｒｉｅｈ．
Sukkarieh.
Ｔｈｅ
Theｒｏｂｏｔｓ
robotsａｒｅareｎｏｔnotｌｉｍｉｔｅｄ
limited ｔｏ ｈｅｒｄｉｎｇ ａｎｄ
to herding and ｍｏｎｉｔｏｒｉｎｇ
monitoring ｌｉｖｅｓｔｏｃｋ．
livestock. TheyＴｈｅｙ have
ｈａｖｅ ｂｅｅｎ
been ｃｒｅａｔｅｄ
created toｔｏ count
ｃｏｕｎｔ
ｉｎｄｉｖｉｄｕａｌ
individual ｆｒｕｉｔ， ｉｎｓｐｅｃｔcrops,
fruit, inspect ｃｒｏｐｓ，andａｎｄevenｅｖｅｎ pull
ｐｕｌｌweeds.
ｗｅｅｄｓ．
Ｍａｎｙ
Manyｒｏｂｏｔｓ
robotsａｒｅ areｅｑｕｉｐｐｅｄ
equippedｗｉｔｈ withｈｉｇｈ－ｔｅｃｈ
high-tech ｓｅｎｓｏｒｓ
sensors ａｎｄ and ｃｏｍｐｌｅｘ
complexｌｅａｒｎｉｎｇ
learning ａｌｇｏｒｉｔｈｍｓ
algorithms ｔｏ to ａｖｏｉｄ
avoid
ｉｎｊｕｒｉｎｇ
injuring ｈｕｍａｎｓ
humansａｓasｔｈｅｙ theyｗｏｒｋ ｓｉｄｅsideｂｙ byｓｉｄｅ．
work side.ＴｈｅThe
ｒｏｂｏｔｓ ａｌｓｏalsoｌｅａｒｎ
robots learnｔｈｅtheｍｏｓｔ
mostｅｆｆｉｃｉｅｎｔ
efficient ａｎｄandｓａｆｅｓｔ
safest ｐａｓｓａｇｅｓ，
passages,
andａｌｌｏｗ
ａｎｄ allowｅｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｓ
engineersａｎｄand farmers
ｆａｒｍｅｒｓ ｔｏ toａｎａｌｙｚｅ
analyze ａｎｄand betterｏｐｔｉｍｉｚｅ
ｂｅｔｔｅｒ optimize ｔｈｅtheａｔｔｒｉｂｕｔｅｓ
attributes ａｎｄandｔａｓｋｓ
tasksｏｆofｔｈｅthe ｒｏｂｏｔ．
robot, as
ａｓ
ｗｅｌｌ
wellａｓas ｐｒｏｖｉｄｅ
provideａa ｌｉｖｅ
live ｓｔｒｅａｍ
stream ｇｉｖｉｎｇ
giving ｒｅａｌ－ｔｉｍｅ ｆｅｅｄｂａｃｋ on
real-time feedback ｏｎ exactly
ｅｘａｃｔｌｙ what
ｗｈａｔ isｉｓ happening
ｈａｐｐｅｎｉｎｇ ｏｎ on ｔｈｅ
the ｆａｒｍｓ．
farms.
Ｏｆ ｃｏｕｒｓｅ， ｓｏｍｅ ｗｏｒｒｙ ｌｉｅｓ ｉｎ ｒｅｐｌａｃｉｎｇ ａｇｒｉｃｕｌｔｕｒａｌ ｗｏｒｋｅｒｓ． Ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ， ｉｔ ｉｓ ｆａｒｍｅｒｓ ｔｈａｔ
Of course, some worry lies in replacing agricultural workers. However, it is farmers that ａｒｅ
are
ｐｕｓｈｉｎｇ
pushingｆｏｒ forｔｈｅ
theａｄｖａｎｃｅｍｅｎｔｓ
advancementsｄｕｅdue ｔｏ toｅｖｅｒ－ｉｎｃｒｅａｓｉｎｇ
ever-increasingｌａｂｏｒ laborｖａｃａｎｃｉｅｓ，
vacancies,ｍａｋｉｎｇ
makingｉｔ itｄｉｆｆｉｃｕｌｔ ｔｏ maintain
difficult to ｍａｉｎｔａｉｎ
ｌａｒｇｅ－ｓｃａｌｅ
large-scale ｏｐｅｒａｔｉｏｎｓ．
operations.
Theｒｏｂｏｔｓ
Ｔｈｅ robotsｈａｖｅ
haveｐｒｏｖｉｄｅｄ
providedｍａｊｏｒmajorｂｅｎｅｆｉｔｓ
benefits ｔｏ to ｆａｒｍｅｒｓ
farmers ｉｎ in various
ｖａｒｉｏｕｓ ways,
ｗａｙｓ， from hunting ａｎｄ
ｆｒｏｍ ｈｕｎｔｉｎｇ and ｐｕｌｌｉｎｇ
pulling
ｗｅｅｄｓ
weedsｔｏtoｍｏｎｉｔｏｒｉｎｇ
monitoring ｔｈｅtheｃｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎ
conditionｏｆ of ｅｖｅｒｙ
every ｓｉｎｇｌｅ
singleｆｒｕｉｔ．
fruit. Ｆｕｔｕｒｅ
Future ｆａｒｍｓ
farmsｗｉｌｌwill ｌｉｋｅｌｙ ｅｘｐｅｒｉｅｎｃｅ ａa ｇｒｅａｔｅｒ
likely experience greater
ｄｅａｌ
deal ｏｆ
of ａｕｔｏｎｏｍｙ
autonomyａｓasｒｏｂｏｔｓrobots ｔａｋｅ
take ｕｐ up ｍｏｒｅ
more ａｎｄandｍｏｒｅmoreｆａｒｍfarmｗｏｒｋ
work ｅｆｆｉｃｉｅｎｔｌｙ．
efficiently.

４６．46.Ｗｈａｔ
Whatｍａｙ
mayｆａｒｍｅｒｓ
farmersｂｅbeａｂｌｅ
ableｔｏtoｄｏdoｗｉｔｈ
withｒｏｂｏｔｓ
robots ａｐｐｅａｒｉｎｇ ｏｎ ｔｈｅ
appearing on ｆａｒｍｉｎｇ scene?
the farming ｓｃｅｎｅ？
Ａ）A)Ｕｐｇｒａｄｅ
Upgradeｆａｒｍ
farm ｐｒｏｄｕｃｅ．
produce. Ｃ）C)Ｍｏｄｉｆｙ
Modifyｔｈｅ
theｇｅｎｅｓ
genesｏｆ
ofｃｒｏｐｓ．
crops.
Ｂ）B)Ｅｎｊｏｙ
Enjoyｍｏｒｅ
moreｌｅｉｓｕｒｅ
leisure ｈｏｕｒｓ．
hours. Ｄ）D)Ｃｕｔ
Cutｄｏｗｎ
downｆａｒｍｉｎｇ
farmingｃｏｓｔｓ．
costs.

４７．
47. Ｗｈａｔ
Whatｗｉｌｌ＇
will ' ｆａｒｍｂｏｔｓ＇ｂｅ
farmbots ' beｅｘｐｅｃｔｅｄ
expected ｔｏ ｄｏ？
to do?
Ａ）A)Ｔａｋｅ
Takeｕｐupｍａｎｙ
many
ｏｆ of
ｔｈｅtheｆａｒｍｅｒｓ＇
farmers'ｒｏｕｔｉｎｅｓ．
routines.
Ｂ）B)Ｐｒｏｖｉｄｅ
Provideｍｅｄｉｃａｌ
medicalｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔｓ
treatmentsｆｏｒ
forｌｉｖｅｓｔｏｃｋ．
livestock.
Ｃ）C)Ｌｅａｄ
Leadｔｈｅ
theｔｒｅｎｄ
trend ｉｎ
in ｆａｒｍｉｎｇ
farming ｔｈｅ
the world over.
ｗｏｒｌｄ ｏｖｅｒ．
D) Improve the quality of pastures for grazing.
Ｄ） Ｉｍｐｒｏｖｅ ｔｈｅ ｑｕａｌｉｔｙ ｏｆ ｐａｓｔｕｒｅｓ ｆｏｒ ｇｒａｚｉｎｇ．

４８．
48. Ｗｈａｔ
Whatｃａｎ
canｒｏｂｏｔｓ
robots ｄｏ
doｗｈｅｎ
whenｅｑｕｉｐｐｅｄ
equippedｗｉｔｈ
withｈｉｇｈ－ｔｅｃｈ
high-techｓｅｎｓｏｒｓ
sensors ａｎｄ
and ｃｏｍｐｌｅｘ
complexｌｅａｒｎｉｎｇ
learning ａｌｇｏｒｉｔｈｍｓ？
algorithms?
Ａ）A)Ｈｅｌｐ
Helpｆａｒｍｅｒｓ
farmersｃｈｏｏｓｅ
chooseｔｈｅtheｍｏｓｔ
most efficient ａｎｄ
ｅｆｆｉｃｉｅｎｔ andｓａｆｅｓｔ
safest passages.
ｐａｓｓａｇｅｓ．
Ｂ）B)Ｈｅｌｐ
Helpｆａｒｍｅｒｓ
farmersｓｉｍｐｌｉｆｙ
simplify ｔｈｅｉｒ
their farming
ｆａｒｍｉｎｇ tasks
ｔａｓｋｓand
ａｎｄmanagement.
ｍａｎａｇｅｍｅｎｔ．
Ｃ）C)Ａｌｌｏｗ
Allow farmers
ｆａｒｍｅｒｓ ｔｏ toｌｅａｒｎ
learnｉｎｓｔａｎｔｌｙ
instantly ｗｈａｔ
what ｉｓ
is ｏｃｃｕｒｒｉｎｇ
occurring ｏｎ
on ｔｈｅ
the farm.
ｆａｒｍ．
Ｄ）D)Ａｌｌｏｗ
Allowｆａｒｍｅｒｓ
farmersｔｏtoｇｉｖｅ
giveｔｈｅｍ
themｒｅａｌ－ｔｉｍｅ
real-timeｉｎｓｔｒｕｃｔｉｏｎｓ
instructions on
ｏｎ what to do
ｗｈａｔ ｔｏ ｄｏ．.

第９／．１２页
第 9／12页 淘宝店铺∶光速考研工作室
４９．
49. Ｗｈｙ
Whyａｒｅareｆａｒｍｅｒｓ
farmersｐｒｅｓｓｉｎｇ
pressing ｆｏｒ
for ｒｏｂｏｔｉｃ ｆａｒｍｉｎｇ？
robotic farming?
Ａ）A)Ｆａｒｍｉｎｇ
Farming costsａｒｅ
ｃｏｓｔｓ areｆａｓｔ
fast ｉｎｃｒｅａｓｉｎｇ．
increasing. Ｃ）C)Ｒｏｂｏｔｉｃ
Roboticｆａｒｍｉｎｇ
farmingｉｓisｔｈｅ
the ｔｒｅｎｄ．
trend.
Ｂ）B)Ｒｏｂｏｔｉｃｓ
Roboticsｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ
technology ｉｓ
is maturing.
ｍａｔｕｒｉｎｇ． D) Labor shortage is worsening.
Ｄ） Ｌａｂｏｒ ｓｈｏｒｔａｇｅ ｉｓ ｗｏｒｓｅｎｉｎｇ．

５０．50. Ｗｈａｔ
Whatｄｏｅｓ
doesｔｈｅ
theａｕｔｈｏｒ
authorｔｈｉｎｋ
thinkｆｕｔｕｒｅ
future ｆａｒｍｓ
farms ｗｉｌｌ ｂｅ like?
will be ｌｉｋｅ？
Ａ）A)Ｍｏｒｅ
Moreａｎｄ
andｍｏｒｅ
moreａｕｔｏｍａｔｅｄ．
automated. Ｃ）C)Ｌａｒｇｅｒ
Largerａｎｄ
andｌａｒｇｅｒ
largerｉｎin ｓｃａｌｅ．
scale.
Ｂ）B)Ｍｏｒｅ
Moreａｎｄ
andｍｏｒｅ
moreｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｖｅ．
productive. Ｄ）D)Ｂｅｔｔｅｒ
Betterａｎｄ
andｂｅｔｔｅｒ
betterｉｎ
in ｃｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎ．
condition.

Ｐａｓｓａｇｅ Ｔｗ０
Passage Two
Questions５１51ｔｏto ５５
Ｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｓ 55 ａｒｅ
are ｂａｓｅｄ
based ｏｎ
on ｔｈｅ
the ｆｏｌｌｏｗｉｎｇ
following passage.
ｐａｓｓａｇｅ．

Ｔｈｅ
Theｐｕｂｌｉｃ
publicｍｕｓｔ
mustｂｅbeａｂｌｅ
ableｔｏtoｕｎｄｅｒｓｔａｎｄ
understandｔｈｅ
theｂａｓｉｃｓ
basics ｏｆ ｓｃｉｅｎｃｅ toｔｏmake
of science ｍａｋｅ informed
ｉｎｆｏｒｍｅｄ ｄｅｃｉｓｉｏｎｓ． Ｐｅｒｈａｐｓ
decisions. Perhaps
ｔｈｅ
the ｍｏｓｔ
mostｄｒａｍａｔｉｃ
dramatic ｅｘａｍｐｌｅ
exampleｏｆofｔｈｅ
the ｎｅｇａｔｉｖｅ
negative ｃｏｎｓｅｑｕｅｎｃｅｓ
consequences ｏｆ
of ｐｏｏｒ
poor ｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｃａｔｉｏｎ
communicationｂｅｔｗｅｅｎ
betweenｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｓｔｓ
scientists
ａｎｄandｔｈｅtheｐｕｂｌｉｃ
publicｉｓis ｔｈｅ
the ｉｓｓｕｅ
issue ｏｆ
of ｃｌｉｍａｔｅ
climate ｃｈａｎｇｅ，
change, ｗｈｅｒｅ
whereａ aｖａｒｉｅｔｙ
varietyｏｆofｆａｃｔｏｒｓ，
factors, ｎｏｔ
not ｔｈｅ
the ｌｅａｓｔ ｏｆ which
least of ｗｈｉｃｈ ｉｓis aａ
ｂｒｅａｋｄｏｗｎ
breakdownｉｎ inｔｈｅtheｔｒａｎｓｍｉｓｓｉｏｎ
transmissionｏｆofｆｕｎｄａｍｅｎｔａｌ
fundamentalｃｌｉｍａｔｅ
climateｄａｔａ
dataｔｏtoｔｈｅ
theｇｅｎｅｒａｌ
general ｐｕｂｌｉｃ，
public, ｈａｓ
has ｃｏｎｔｒｉｂｕｔｅｄ ｔｏ
contributed to
ｗｉｄｅｓｐｒｅａｄ
widespreadｍｉｓｔｒｕｓｔ
mistrustａｎｄ andｍｉｓｕｎｄｅｒｓｔａｎｄｉｎｇ ｏｆ ofｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｓｔｓ
misunderstanding scientists ａｎｄ
andｔｈｅｉｒ
their ｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈ．
research.
Ｔｈｅ
Theｉｓｓｕｅ
issue ｏｆofｃｌｉｍａｔｅ
climate ｃｈａｎｇｅ
changeａｌｓｏ also ｉｌｌｕｓｔｒａｔｅｓ
illustrates howｈｏｗ theｔｈｅ public
ｐｕｂｌｉｃ acceptance
ａｃｃｅｐｔａｎｃｅ and ａｎｄ understanding
ｕｎｄｅｒｓｔａｎｄｉｎｇ of ｏｆ
science ( or the lack of it ) can influence governmental decision-making
ｓｃｉｅｎｃｅ（ｏｒ ｔｈｅ ｌａｃｋ ｏｆ ｉｔ） ｃａｎ ｉｎｆｌｕｅｎｃｅ ｇｏｖｅｒｎｍｅｎｔａｌ ｄｅｃｉｓｉｏｎ－ｍａｋｉｎｇ ｗｉｔｈ ｒｅｇａｒｄ ｔｏ ｒｅｇｕｌａｔｉｏｎ， with regard to regulation,
ｓｃｉｅｎｃｅ
science ｐｏｌｉｃｙ
policy ａｎｄand ｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈ
research ｆｕｎｄｉｎｇ．
funding.
However,ｔｈｅtheｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｃｅ
Ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ， importanceｏｆofｅｆｆｅｃｔｉｖｅ effective ｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｃａｔｉｏｎ
communicationｗｉｔｈ withａ aｇｅｎｅｒａｌ
generalａｕｄｉｅｎｃｅ
audienceｉｓis ｎｏｔnot ｌｉｍｉｔｅｄ
limited ｔｏto
ｈｏｔ
hotｉｓｓｕｅｓ
issues ｌｉｋｅ
like ｃｌｉｍａｔｅ
climate ｃｈａｎｇｅ．
change.ＩｔIt ｉｓ is ａｌｓｏ ｃｒｉｔｉｃａｌforｆｏｒsocially
also critical ｓｏｃｉａｌｌｙcharged
ｃｈａｒｇｅｄneuroscience
ｎｅｕｒｏｓｃｉｅｎｃｅ issues
ｉｓｓｕｅｓ such
ｓｕｃｈ asａｓ the
ｔｈｅ
ｇｅｎｅｔｉｃ ｂａｓｉｓ ｆｏｒ ａ ｐａｒｔｉｃｕｌａｒ ｂｅｈａｖｉｏｒ， ｔｈｅ ｔｈｅｒａｐｅｕｔｉｃ ｐｏｔｅｎｔｉａｌ ｏｆ ｓｔｅｍ ｃｅｌｌ ｔｈｅｒａｐｙ ｆｏｒ
genetic basis for a particular behavior, the therapeutic potential of stem cell therapy for
neurodegenerative ｄｉｓｅａｓｅｓ，
ｎｅｕｒｏｄｅｇｅｎｅｒａｔｉｖｅ diseases, or ｏｒ theｔｈｅ useｕｓｅ ofｏｆ animal
ａｎｉｍａｌ models,
ｍｏｄｅｌｓ， areas
ａｒｅａｓ where
ｗｈｅｒｅ ｔｈｅthe public
ｐｕｂｌｉｃ understanding
ｕｎｄｅｒｓｔａｎｄｉｎｇ of ｏｆ
ｓｃｉｅｎｃｅ
science ｃａｎcan ａｌｓｏ
also ｉｎｆｌｕｅｎｃｅ ｐｏｌｉｃｙ and
influence policy ａｎｄ ｆｕｎｄｉｎｇ
funding ｄｅｃｉｓｉｏｎｓ． Ｆｕｒｔｈｅｒｍｏｒｅ， with
decisions. Furthermore, ｗｉｔｈ continuing
ｃｏｎｔｉｎｕｉｎｇ advances
ａｄｖａｎｃｅｓ ｉｎ in
individual genome
ｉｎｄｉｖｉｄｕａｌ ｇｅｎｏｍｅ（基 ( £..因� 组） ill. ) ｓｅｑｕｅｎｃｉｎｇ
sequencing ａｎｄ and ｔｈｅ
the ａｄｖｅｎｔ
advent ｏｆof ｐｅｒｓｏｎａｌｉｚｅｄ
personalized ｍｅｄｉｃｉｎｅ，
medicine, more ｍｏｒｅ non­
ｎｏｎ－
scientists will
ｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｓｔｓ ｗｉｌｌ need
ｎｅｅｄ to ｔｏ be
ｂｅ comfortable
ｃｏｍｆｏｒｔａｂｌｅ analyzing complexｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｆｉｃ
ａｎａｌｙｚｉｎｇ ｃｏｍｐｌｅｘ scientific information
ｉｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎ to ｔｏ make decisions ｔｈａｔ
ｍａｋｅ ｄｅｃｉｓｉｏｎｓ that
ｄｉｒｅｃｔｌｙ
directlyａｆｆｅｃｔ
affectｔｈｅｉｒ
their ｑｕａｌｉｔｙ
quality ｏｆ ofｌｉｆｅ．
life.
Ｓｃｉｅｎｃｅ
Scienceｊｏｕｒｎａｌｉｓｍ
journalismｉｓisｔｈｅ the ｍａｉｎ
mainｃｈａｎｎｅｌ
channelｆｏｒ forｔｈｅ
the ｐｏｐｕｌａｒｉｚａｔｉｏｎ
popularization ｏｆ of ｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｆｉｃ ｉｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎamong
scientific information ａｍｏｎｇ the
ｔｈｅ
ｐｕｂｌｉｃ． Ｍｕｃｈ ｈａｓ ｂｅｅｎ ｗｒｉｔｅｎ ａｂｏｕｔ ｈｏｗ ｔｈｅ ｒｅｌａｔｉｏｎｓｈｉｐ ｂｅｔｗｅｅｎ ｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｓｔｓ ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｍｅｄｉａ ｃａｎ ｓｈａｐｅ
public . Much has been written about how the relationship between scientists and the media can shape
theｅｆｆｉｃｉｅｎｔ
ｔｈｅ transmission ｏｆ
efficient ｔｒａｎｓｍｉｓｓｉｏｎ of ｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｆｉｃ
scientific advances
ａｄｖａｎｃｅｓ ｔｏ to ｔｈｅ
the ｐｕｂｌｉｃ．
public. Ｇｏｏｄ
Goodｓｃｉｅｎｃｅ
scienceｊｏｕｒｎａｌｉｓｔｓ
journalists ａｒｅ
areｓｐｅｃｉａｌｉｓｔｓ
specialists
ｉｎinｍａｋｉｎｇ
makingｃｏｍｐｌｅｘcomplex ｔｏｐｉｃｓtopics accessibleｔｏtoａ aｇｅｎｅｒａｌ
ａｃｃｅｓｓｉｂｌｅ generalａｕｄｉｅｎｃｅ，
audience,ｗｈｉｌｅwhileａｄｈｅｒｉｎｇ
adheringｔｏtoｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｆｉｃ
scientific accuracy.
ａｃｃｕｒａｃｙ．
Unfortunately, ｐｉｅｃｅｓ
Ｕｎｆｏｒｔｕｎａｔｅｌｙ， pieces ｏｆ of ｓｃｉｅｎｃｅ
science ｊｏｕｒｎａｌｉｓｍ
journalism ｃａｎ can ａｌｓｏ
also ｏｖｅｒｓｉｍｐｌｉｆｙ
oversimplify ａｎｄ andｇｅｎｅｒａｌｉｚｅ
generalize ｔｈｅｉｒ
their ｓｕｂｊｅｃｔ
subject
ｍａｔｅｒｉａｌ
material ｔｏ to ｔｈｅ
the ｐｏｉｎｔ
point thatｔｈａｔ the
ｔｈｅbasicｂａｓｉｃinformation
ｉｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎconveyed
ｃｏｎｖｅｙｅｄ isｉｓobscured
ｏｂｓｃｕｒｅｄ orｏｒ atａｔworst,
ｗｏｒｓｔ，obviously
ｏｂｖｉｏｕｓｌｙwrong.
ｗｒｏｎｇ． The
Ｔｈｅ
ｉｍｐａｃｔ ｏｆ ａ ｂａｓｉｃ ｄｉｓｃｏｖｅｒｙ ｏｎ ｈｕｍａｎ ｈｅａｌｔｈ ｃａｎ ｂｅ ｅｘａｇｇｅｒａｔｅｄ ｓｏ ｔｈａｔ ｔｈｅ ｐｕｂｌｉｃ ｔｈｉｎｋｓ ａ ｍｉｒａｃｕｌｏｕｓ
impact of a basic discovery on human health can be exaggerated so that the public thinks a miraculous
ｃｕｒｅ
cureｉｓis ａa ｆｅｗ
fewｍｏｎｔｈｓ
monthsｔｏtoｙｅａｒｓyearsａｗａｙ away ｗｈｅｎwhen
ｉｎ ｒｅａｌｉｔｙ ｔｈｅtheｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｃｅ
in reality significanceｏｆofｔｈｅtheｓｔｕｄｙ
studyｉｓis ｆａｒ ｍｏｒｅ ｌｉｍｉｔｅｄ．
far more limited.
Even
Ｅｖｅｎ though
ｔｈｏｕｇｈ scientistsｐｌａｙ
ｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｓｔｓ playａ aｐａｒｔ partｉｎinｔｒａｎｓｍｉｔｔｉｎｇ
transmitting ｉｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎ
information ｔｏto ｊｏｕｒｎａｌｉｓｔｓ
journalists and ultimately the
ａｎｄ ｕｌｔｉｍａｔｅｌｙ ｔｈｅ
public, ｔｏｏ
ｐｕｂｌｉｃ， too ｏｆｔｅｎ
often ｔｈｅ
the ｂｌａｍｅ
blameｆｏｒ for ｉｎｅｆｆｅｃｔｉｖｅ
ineffective communication
ｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｃａｔｉｏｎ ｉｓisｐｌａｃｅｄ
placedｏｎonｔｈｅ theｓｉｄｅ
side ｏｆ
ofｔｈｅ
the ｊｏｕｒｎａｌｉｓｔｓ．
journalists. We Ｗｅ
believeｔｈａｔ
ｂｅｌｉｅｖｅ thatａｔat ｌｅａｓｔ
least part
ｐａｒｔ of
ｏｆ the
ｔｈｅ problem
ｐｒｏｂｌｅｍ ｌｉｅｓ lies ｉｎ
in places
ｐｌａｃｅｓ other
ｏｔｈｅｒ than the interaction
ｔｈａｎ ｔｈｅ ｉｎｔｅｒａｃｔｉｏｎ between scientists and
ｂｅｔｗｅｅｎ ｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｓｔｓ ａｎｄ
ｍｅｍｂｅｒｓ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｍｅｄｉａ， ａｎｄ ｅｘｉｓｔｓ ｂｅｃａｕｓｅ ｆｏｒ ｏｎｅ ｔｈｉｎｇ ｗｅ ｕｎｄｅｒｅｓｔｉｍａｔｅ ｈｏｗ ｄｉｆｆｉｃｕｌｔ ｉｔ ｉｓ ｆｏｒ
members of the media, and exists because for one thing we underestimate how difficult it is for
ｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｓｔｓ ｔｏ ｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｃａｔｅ ｅｆｆｅｃｔｉｖｅｌｙ ｗｉｔｈ ａ ｄｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ ｏｆ ａｕｄｉｅｎｃｅｓ，ａｎｄ ｆｏｒ ａｎｏｔｈｅｒ ｍｏｓｔ ｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｓｔｓ ｄｏ
scientists to communicate effectively with a diversity of audiences, and for another most scientists do
not receive ｆｏｒｍａｌ
ｎｏｔ ｒｅｃｅｉｖｅ formal ｔｒａｉｎｉｎｇ
training in ｉｎ science
ｓｃｉｅｎｃｅcommunication.
ｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｃａｔｉｏｎ．

第
第 １０ ／１２页
10／12页 淘宝店铺∶光速考研工作室
５１．
5 1 . Ｗｈａｔ
Whatｄｏｅｓ
doesｔｈｅ
the ｅｘａｍｐｌｅ
exampleｏｆ
ofｃｌｉｍａｔｅ ｃｈａｎｇｅ serve
climate change ｓｅｒｖｅ toｔｏshow?
ｓｈｏｗ？
A) The
Ａ）Ｔｈｅ importance
ｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｃｅ ｏｆ of climateｄａｔａ
ｃｌｉｍａｔｅ dataｉｓisｉｎｃｒｅａｓｉｎｇｌｙ
increasingly ｒｅｃｏｇｎｉｚｅｄ．
recognized.
Ｂ）B)Ａｄｅｑｕａｔｅ
Adequate government
ｇｏｖｅｒｎｍｅｎｔ funding
ｆｕｎｄｉｎｇ is vital
ｉｓ ｖｉｔａｌ ｔｏ toｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｆｉｃ
scientific ｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈ．
research.
Ｃ）C)Ｇｏｖｅｒｎｍｅｎｔ
Government regulationｈｅｌｐｓ
ｒｅｇｕｌａｔｉｏｎ helpsｔｈｅ
theｐｕｂｌｉｃ
public ｕｎｄｅｒｓｔａｎｄ
understand ｓｃｉｅｎｃｅ．
science.
D) Common
Ｄ）Ｃｏｍｍｏｎ folks' scientificｋｎｏｗｌｅｄｇｅ
ｆｏｌｋｓ＇ｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｆｉｃ knowledgeｃａｎ
can ｓｗａｙ
swayｐｏｌｉｃｙ
policy making.
ｍａｋｉｎｇ．

５２．
52.Ｗｈａｔ
Whatｓｈｏｕｌｄ ｎｏｎ－ｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｓｔｓ
should non-scientistsｄｏdoｔｏtoｅｎｓｕｒｅ
ensureｔｈｅｉｒ
theirｑｕａｌｉｔｙ
quality ｏｆ
ofｌｉｆｅ？
life?
Ａ）A)Ｓｅｅｋ
Seekｐｅｒｓｏｎａｌｉｚｅｄ
personalizedｍｅｄｉｃａｌ
medicalａｓｓｉｓｔａｎｃｅ
assistance ｆｒｏｍ
from ｄｏｃｔｏｒｓ．
doctors.
Ｂ）B)Ａｃｑｕｉｒｅ
Acquireａ aｂａｓｉｃ
basicｕｎｄｅｒｓｔａｎｄｉｎｇ
understanding ｏｆ
ofｍｅｄｉｃａｌ
medical ｓｃｉｅｎｃｅ．
science.
Ｃ）C)Ｈａｖｅ
Haveｔｈｅｉｒ
their ｉｎｄｉｖｉｄｕａｌ
individual genome sequenced.
ｇｅｎｏｍｅ ｓｅｑｕｅｎｃｅｄ．
D) Make
Ｄ）Ｍａｋｅ informed
ｉｎｆｏｒｍｅｄ ｕｓｅuseｏｆofａｎｉｍａｌ
animal ｍｏｄｅｌｓ．
models.

５３．Ｗｈｙ ｉｓ ｉｔis itｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔ

53. Why importantｆｏｒforｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｓｔｓ ｔｏ build
scientists to ｂｕｉｌｄ aａ good
ｇｏｏｄ ｒｅｌａｔｉｏｎｓｈｉｐ ｗｉｔｈthe
relationship with ｔｈｅmedia?
ｍｅｄｉａ？
A) Itｈｅｌｐｓ
Ａ）Ｉｔ helpsｔｈｅｍ
them
ｔｏ toｅｆｆｅｃｔｉｖｅｌｙ
effectivelyｐｏｐｕｌａｒｉｚｅ
popularize ｎｅｗ
newｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｆｉｃ
scientific ｉｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎ．
information.
B) Itｅｎａｂｌｅｓ
Ｂ）Ｉｔ enablesｔｈｅ
theｐｕｂｌｉｃ
publicｔｏtoｄｅｖｅｌｏｐ
developａ aｐｏｓｉｔｉｖｅ
positiveａｔｔｉｔｕｄｅ
attitude toward science.
ｔｏｗａｒｄ ｓｃｉｅｎｃｅ．
Ｃ）C)ＩｔItｈｅｌｐｓ
helps ｔｈｅｍ
themｔｏtoｅｓｔａｂｌｉｓｈ
establish aａ more positive public
ｍｏｒｅ ｐｏｓｉｔｉｖｅ ｐｕｂｌｉｃ image.
ｉｍａｇｅ．
D) Itｅｎａｂｌｅｓ
Ｄ）Ｉｔ enablesｔｈｅｍ
them
ｔｏ toａｐｐｌｙ
apply theirｆｉｎｄｉｎｇｓ
ｔｈｅｉｒ findingsｔｏto ｐｕｂｌｉｃ
public ｈｅａｌｔｈ．
health.

54. Ｗｈａｔ
５４． Whatｄｏｅｓ
doesｔｈｅ
theａｕｔｈｏｒ
authorｓａｙ
sayｉｓis ｔｈｅ
the problem with ｓｃｉｅｎｃｅ
ｐｒｏｂｌｅｍ ｗｉｔｈ science journalism?
ｊｏｕｒｎａｌｉｓｍ？
A) Itｉｓisｋｅｅｎ
Ａ）Ｉｔ keenｏｎonｔｒａｎｓｍｉｔｔｉｎｇ
transmittingｓｅｎｓａｔｉｏｎａｌ
sensational ｉｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎ．
information.
Ｂ）B)ＩｔIt ｔｅｎｄｓ
tends ｔｏ
to ｏｖｅｒｓｉｍｐｌｉｆｙ
oversimplify ｐｅｏｐｌｅ＇ｓ
people's health
ｈｅａｌｔｈ problems.
ｐｒｏｂｌｅｍｓ．
Ｃ）C)ＩｔItｍａｙ
mayｇｉｖｅ
giveｉｎａｃｃｕｒａｔｅ
inaccurateｏｒorｄｉｓｔｏｒｔｅｄ
distorted ｉｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎ
information ｔｏ
to ｔｈｅ
the ｐｕｂｌｉｃ．
public.
D) Itｍａｙ
Ｄ）Ｉｔ may provide
ｐｒｏｖｉｄｅ information
ｉｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎ ｏｐｅｎopen to differentｉｎｔｅｒｐｒｅｔａｔｉｏｎｓ．
ｔｏ ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔ interpretations.

５５．55.Ｗｈａｔ
Whatｓｈｏｕｌｄ ｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｓｔｓ
should scientistsｄｏdoｔｏtoｉｍｐａｒｔ
impartｔｈｅｉｒ
theirｌａｔｅｓｔ ｆｉｎｄｉｎｇｓ toｔｏ the
latest findings ｔｈｅ public
ｐｕｂｌｉｃ more
ｍｏｒｅ ｅｆｆｅｃｔｉｖｅｌｙ？
effectively?
Ａ）A)Ｇｉｖｅ
Giveｔｒａｉｎｉｎｇ
trainingｔｏtoｓｃｉｅｎｃｅ
scienceｊｏｕｒｎａｌｉｓｔｓ．
journalists. Ｃ）C)Ｓｅｅｋ
Seekｔｉｍｅｌｙ
timelyａｓｓｉｓｔａｎｃｅ
assistance from the media.
ｆｒｏｍ ｔｈｅ ｍｅｄｉａ．
Ｂ）B)Ｓｔｉｍｕｌａｔｅ
Stimulateｐｕｂｌｉｃ
publicｉｎｔｅｒｅｓｔ
interest ｉｎ
in ｓｃｉｅｎｃｅ．
science. Ｄ）D)Ｉｍｐｒｏｖｅ
Improveｔｈｅｉｒ
their ｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｃａｔｉｏｎ
communication ｓｋｉｌｌ．
skills.

Ｐａｒｔ ＩＶ
Part IV Ｔｒａｎｓｌａｔｉｏｎ
Translation （３０
(30 ｍｉｎｕｔｅｓ）
minutes)
Ｄｉｒｅｃｔｉｏｎｓ：Ｆｏｒ ｔｈｉｓthisｐａｒｔ，ｙｏｕ
Directions : For ａｒｅare
part , you ａｌｌｏｗｅｄ ３０ 30
allowed ｍｉｎｕｔｅｓ ｔｏ toｔｒａｎｓｌａｔｅ
minutes translateａaｐａｓｓａｇｅ
passageｆｒｏｍ
fromＣｈｉｎｅｓｅ
Chineseｉｎｔｏ
into Ｅｎｇｌｉｓｈ．
English.
Ｙｏｕ
You ｓｈｏｕｌｄ ｗｒｉｔｅyour
should write ｙｏｕｒanswer
ａｎｓｗｅｒonｏｎAnswer
Ａｎｓｗｅｒ Sheet
Ｓｈｅｅｔ 2.２．

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长。在一些广受欢迎的博物馆门前，排长队已很常见。这些博物馆必须采取措施限制参观人
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数。如今，展览形式越来越多样。一些大型博物馆利用多媒体和虚拟现实等先进技术，使展览
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更具吸引力。不少博物馆还举办在线展览，人们可在网上观赏珍稀展品。然而，现场观看展品
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的体验对大多数参观者还是更具吸引力。

第
第 １１／１２页
11／12页 淘宝店铺∶光速考研工作室
Ｐａｒｔ
Part IＩ Ｗｒｉｔｉｎｇ
Writing
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（３０
(30 ｍｉｎｕｔｅｓ）
minutes)
（请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试）
Ｄｉｒｅｃｔｉｏｎｓ：
Directions : Ｆｏｒ
Forｔｈｉｓ ｐａｒｔ，ｙｏｕ
this part , you ａｒｅ
are ａｌｌｏｗｅｄ ３０ minutes
allowed 30 ｍｉｎｕｔｅｓ toｔｏwrite
ｗｒｉｅanａｎ essay
ｅｓｓａｙonｏｎhow
ｈｏｗ toｔｏbalance
ｂａｌａｎｃｅ work
ｗｏｒｋ
ａｎｄandｌｅｉｓｕｒｅ．Ｙｏｕ
leisure. Youｓｈｏｕｌｄ
shouldｗｒｉｅ
writeａｔatｌｅａｓ
least １５０
150ｗｏｒｄｓ
words ｂｕｔ
but ｎｏ
no ｍｏｒｅ
more ｔｈａｎ
than ２００
200 ｗｏｒｄｓ．
words.

第
第 １２／１２页
12／12页 淘宝店铺∶光速考研工作室