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Section # 3: Sets
OBJECTIVES

Students should be able to:

Simplification Substitution

1. use symbols to represent numbers, operations, 1. perform arithmetic operations involving directed
variables and relations; symbolic representation. numbers;

2. translate statements expressed algebraically into 2. substitute numbers for algebraic symbols in simple
verbal phrases; algebraic expressions;

3. apply the distributive law to factorise or expand 3. perform binary operations (other than the four basic
algebraic expressions; ones);

i. a (x + y)

ii. (a + b)(x + y)

where a, b, and c are integers

4. simplify algebraic fractions;

5. use the laws of indices to manipulate expressions

with integral indices;

Factorisation Equation

1. factorise algebraic expressions of the form: 1. change the subject of formulae;

i. a2 – b2 ; 2. solve a simple linear equation in one unknown;

ii. ax + bx 3. solve a simple linear inequality in one unknown;

iii. ax + bx + ay + by 4. solve simultaneous linear equations, in two unknowns,

algebraically;
iv. ax2 + bx + c
5. solve quadratic equations;
where a, b, and c are integers and a ≠ 0 .
6. solve word problems; linear equation, linear
inequalities, two simultaneous linear equations,
quadratic equations

7. represent direct and indirect variation symbolically

8. solve problems involving direct variation and inverse

variation.
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 For any finite sets, A and B,

n ( A ∪ B ) = n ( A ) + n ( B)  n ( A ∩ B )
n
 For a set of n elements, the number of subsets = 2
 The null set   is a subset of every set