A Mini-Project Review on

Foundation of G+2 Residential Building

Presented by

Munugala Pavan (20eg101225)

Under the Guidance/supervision of

Dr. B. Narender

Associate Professor

Department of Civil Engineering

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to extend my heartfelt appreciation to

S.NITHEESH RAO, the managing director of the
B. V. R. PROJECTS, for providing me with the key
opportunity to gain practical insights into construction
during this project. His guidance and teachings have
been instrumental in enhancing my understanding of on-
site construction processes.

I am grateful to my guide, B. NARENDAR sir, for his

unwavering support and guidance throughout my mini
project. His mentorship is important in the successful
completion of this endeavor.

I also wish to express my sincere thanks to

Dr. B. Narender , Head of the Department, for
granting me the opportunity to acquire practical
knowledge during the 28-day mini project. His
encouragement has been important.
 INTRODUCTION

The industry oriented mini project is taken to understand the construction of foundation of
residential building. Dignity Housing at Nagarkurnool, this consists of G+2 floor.

S. Nitheesh Rao is the Executive Engineer of the project.

 Time period of May 20 to June 20

My dedicated involvement spanned 28 days, As an intern site engineer, I was entrusted with
assisting in tasks that included material inspections, surface preparation, quality control
checks, and collaborating with the construction team to ensure seamless execution and
gaining hands-on experience.

OWNERSHIP DETAILS
B.V.R. Projects, which is Located at flat number 201, green park colony, karmangaht,
hyderabad -35, Telangana. For contact details, phone at 9948111931 or through email at
bvrprojects.1@gmail.com

DRAWING
The above plan shows the ground floor plan of a residential building and a

commercial office. On the ground floor there is an office for business purposes.

The plan consists of a commercial business office room and single portion 1BHK.

Dimensions:

Office room:

Office =12’ X 11’7”

Storage = 5’3” X 4’10”

Bathroom = 6’ X 4’6”

1BHK:

Bedroom = 9’ X 11’7”

Hall/kitchen = 12’ X 11’7”

Toilet = 4’7” X 6’9”

Here the first floor consists of 2BHK portion whereas;

Dimensions:

M.Bed room = 12’ X 12’

Bedroom =12’ X 12‘

Hall/living room =22’3” X 10’1”

Dining=16’9” X 10’1”

Kitchen=9’ X 8
The penthouse consists of a single room and one toilet, and the remaining space is

for terrace.

Dimensions:

penthouse = 12’ X 12’

bathroom = 7’9” X 4’6”

CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES
Soil Testing

Some important tests are done on the soil,Specific Gravity Test and Core test.these test are
used to determine the stability of soil.By analyzing the soil we can find the physical properties
like texture,structure and mositure

Excavation of Site

Soil is extracted for the foundation,as requirment of the size.extending below the front line and
reaching soil layer, visiting the site is most important factor.So can study the property of
soil,rocks and matter.Under standing line and excavation drawings,excavation of soil and
removal of excess soil.

Steel Reinforcement

Steel reinforcement is strong in both tension and compression.these are made from iron.20 mm
dia bars are used for the foundation,below ground level is sub structure.similar bars are used
for the beams and coloumns.these steel reinforcement adds strength for foundation.

Formwork and pouring concrete:

• After installing reinforcement in its place in foundation then formwork is done. Formwork is
a mold used in construction to shape and support freshly poured concrete until it.

Once the rebar installation is done, proceed with pouring the concrete into the foundation
trench.

Footing

Pad Footing are designed by providing 20 mm dia bar.these is isolated square footing of 1meter
sides,bars are provided vertically and horizontally of 80mm centre to centre.

Curing

It plays important factor to increase the stability and strength of foundation,water is used for
curing purpose,water movie in side the concret to get the concret stability.it also help to develop
the concrete strength and durability,which is critical for its longevity.

Steps involve in curing

 Wilting
 Yellowing
 Colouring
 drying
 MATERIALS
Concrete

For every construction of structure concrete is commonly used,it is made up of cement,fine

aggregates and coarse aggregates and water.For foundation purpose 1:2:4 ratio of
cement,sand,gravel are used.for foundation M20 Grade conctre is used, It is a material
composed of aggregates, sand, cement, water and admixtures. Concrete is a composite material
that has different properties of its different ingredients. These ingredients are bonded with each
other in the concrete mix.

Aggreagates

More than 4.75 mm size is known as Coares aggregates,these are of different size.Mostly used
size between 9.5mm to 37.5mm ,less than 4.75 mm is fine aggregates,cement is a binding
material,where aggregates acts like binding material.aggregates improves the concret
strength.Aggregate materials help to make concrete mixes more compact. They also decrease
the consumption of cement and water and contribute to the mechanical strength of the concrete.
Steel

20mm dia bar are used in foundation,which also used forbeams and coloumns,steel gives the
strength for concrete, Steel is one of the most important building materials, chosen for various
reasons, the most important are its adaptability, higher strength, more economical.

Chemical

 portland cement
 Gypsum
 Water reducer
 Retarders
Portland cement is the basic ingredient of concrete. Concrete is formed when portland cement
creates a paste with water that binds with sand and rock to harden.

HUMAN RESOURCES
Human resources included as

 Site engineer:
There work is to engage the work and gives the instructions to labours.construction of
building project depends on the site engineer.

 Manager :
Manager is the head of the construction field depends on manager instructions work
goes on.

 Contractor:
Complete project hand overs to the contractor.

 Supervisor:
Construction supervisors are responsible for the management and safety of construction
projects. Through planning, organizing, and controlling projects.

 Safety Officer:
Duties of a Safety Officer instructs to wear shoes and helmet and also include
supporting OHS policies, advising on safety.

 Labours:
Cleaning and preparing construction sites.
Loading and unloading materials and equipment.
Helps to increase the work fast.

WAGES OF LABOUR:

• Mason Rs 1200 per day

• Men worker Rs 900per day

• Women worker(coolies) Rs 700 per day

CONCLUSION
Construction of foundation for G+2 residential building is a critical process that requries careful
planning,executaion and inspection.Proper construction techniques and quality material ensure
the safe for building.

I observed the meticulous planning, precise execution, and rigorous quality control measures
that are essential for a strong and stable foundation. The teamwork, dedication, and attention
to detail displayed by the construction crew left a lasting impression on me. I believe that the
foundation we laid will serve as a solid base for the entire structure, ensuring its longevity and
safety. This internship has deepened my understanding of construction processes and
reinforced my passion for this field, and I am grateful for the opportunity to have been a part
of this project.