National Examinations December 2019 16-CHEM-A2, UNIT OPERATIONS and SEPARATION PROCESSES 3 hours duration NOTES 1. If doubt exists as to the interpretation of any question, the candidate is urged to submit with the answer paper, a clear statement of any assumptions made. 2. The examination is an open book exam, One textbook of your choice with notations listed on the margins ete., but no loose notes are permitted into the exam. 3. Candidates may use any non-communicating scientific calculator. 4, Allproblems are worth 25 points. Atleast two problems from each of parts A and B must be attempted. 5. Only the first two questions as they appear in the answer book from each section will be marked. 6. State all assumptions clearly. 1ofSAL. 16-CHEM-A2, Unit Operations and Separation Processes December 2019 PARTA: UNIT OPERATIONS ‘A liquid (density = 997.1 kg/m?, viscosity = 2.1 x 10 Pa.s) is pumped at 27 °C. from an open 291 em) to tank through a 1-inch nominal diameter smooth sanitary pipe (inside diameter = a second tank at a higher level. The mass flow rate is 1 kg/s through 30 m of straight pipe with two 90° standard elbows and one angle valve (fully open). The supply tank maintains a liquid evel of 3 m, and the liquid leaves the system at elevation of 12 m above the floor. Compute the power requirements of the pump assuming an efficiency of 60% Spherical glass particles (12 mm diameter and 2500 kg/m* density) and spherical metal particles (1.5 mm diameter and 7500 kg/m) are falling in water (density = 1000 kg/m?) (a) (12.5 points] Calculate the terminal falling velocities of glass and metal particles in water for a constant friction factor of 0.22. (b) {125 points} At what water velocity will fluidized beds of glass particles and metal particles have the same bed densities? The relation between fluidization velocity (0), terminal velocity (us) and bed voidage (e) for a spherical particle is given by the equation (ue/uo) 20f516-CHEM-A2, Unit Operations and Separation Processes December 2019 'A3. A single-frame laboratory plate and frame filter press is used to filter water containing 1.39% mole fraction of calcium carbonate (CaCOs). The density of solid calcium carbonate is 2830 kg/m}, Tests at a temperature of 19 °C and AP = 2,72 atm gave the following results: trate Volume (in Titers) 02 oF 06 75 08 11.2 1.0 15.4 12 20.5 14 26.7 16 334 18 41.0 2.0 BS 22 37.7 24 672 26 773 28 88.7 The unit was 30 mm thick and had a filtering area of 263 cm*. Density of the dried cake was 1603 kg/m?. Determine the following: a) [12 points} Filtrate volume equivalent in resistance to the filter medium and piping b) [9 points] Specific cake resistance and cake porosity ©) [4 points] Specific surface area of the cake 30f5BL. B2. 16-CHEM-A2, Unit Operations and Separation Processes December 2019 PARTB: SEPARATION PROCESSES ‘A countercurrent rotary drier at 22 °C is fed granular material containing 40% moisture and the material is withdrawn at 32 °C containing 5% moisture. The ait supplied, which contains 0.006 kg water vapor per kg of dry air, enters the drier at 112°C and leaves at 37 °C. The drier handles 0.125 ke/sec wet stock of granular material. Assuming that radiation losses amount to 20,000 kg of dry air used, determine the following: (a) [18 points] Mass flow of dry air supplied to the drier (b) [7 points] Humidity of air leaving the drier. DATA: Specific heat capacity of dried granular material = 880 J/kg K Specific heat capacity of dry air = 1000 kg K Specific heat capacity of water vapor = 2010 Jkg K Latent heat of water vapor at 22 °C = 2.449 MI/kg er by cooling to 17°C A salt (NaxSOs.10H20) is to be produced in a Swenson-Walker crystal a solution of anhydrous NazSOs that saturates between 17 °C and 27 °C. The solubilities of anhydrous NagSOu in water are 40 kg/100 kg of water at 27 °C and 14 kg/100 kg water at 17 °C. The mean heat capacity of the liquor is 3.8 kI/kg K and the heat of crystallization is 230 kikg. For the crystallizer running in countercurrent flow mode, the available heat transfer area js 3 m?/m length, the overall heat transfer coefficient is 0.15 kW/m? K. If the cooling water centers the crystallizer at 7 °C and leaves at 17 °C with negligible evaporation, how many sections of the crystallizer will be required to process 0.25 kg/s of the product? Assume each section to be 3 m long. 40f516-CHEM-A2, Unit Operations and Separation Processes December 2019 B3. A double-efifect forward-feed evaporator is required to give a product, which contains 50% by mass of solids. Each effect has 10 m? of heating surface, and the heat transfer coefficient in the first effect is 2.8 kW/m? K and 1.7 kW/m? K in the second effect. Dry and saturated steam is available at a pressure of 375 kPa and the condenser operates at a pressure of 13.5 kPa. The concentrated solution exhibits a boiling-point rise of 3 K. What is the maximum permissible feed rate if feed contains 10% solids at 310 K? The latent heat is 2330 ki/kg and the specific heat capacity is 4.1868 ki/kg under all the above conditions. 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