UNIT 2

NAVIGATION
VOCABULARY
DEFINITIONS
Navigation aid any sort of marker which aids the traveler in navigation
Accident an occurrence which takes place between the time any person
board the aircraft and the time of disembarking, in which a person
is fatally or seriously injured, the aircraft sustains damage or
structural failure or/ and lost (associated with fatalities and crash)
Heading a direction of a plane, expressed in degrees with magnetic north as
a reference
Check point an easily recognizable landmark along the planned route and a
pilot calculates how long it will take to reach this point taking into
account both the planned airspeed and wind.
Dead a technique that serves as a check that all is going to plan
reckoning
Vectors instructions as to which heading to take
Compass a piece of equipment that shows your direction
Pilotage navigating, using fixed points of reference on the sea or on land,
usually with reference to a nautical chart, aeronautical chart or
topographic map, to obtain a fix of the position of aircraft with
respect to a desired course or location
Endurance the longest time the aircraft can fly without stopping
Controlled The airspace where air traffic control services issue instructions to
airspace pilots to ensure the safe and efficient flow of traffic
Aeronautical a topographic map of an area of the earth's surface, designed as an
chart aid to aircraft.
Track the line on a map that the aircraft follows
Bearing expressed in degrees, where an alternative reference is explicitly
stated (e.g. a particular beacon)
Fix position in space usually on a flight plan
Landmark recognizable natural or artificial feature used for navigation, a
feature that stands out from its near environment and is often
visible from long distance
Navigation radio stations on the ground which emit signals
beacon
Incident an occurrence associated with the operations of an aircraft, which
affects or could affect the safety of operations
Estimated period a flight from departure city to destination or connecting city
flight time is expected to take
En route on the way, on the line that your journey follows
 ABBREVIATIONS
VFR Visual flight rules
NDB Non-directional beacon
DME Distance measuring equipment
GPS Global positioning system
VMC Visual meteorological conditions
RVR Runway visual range
ZFW Zero fuel weight
ILS Instrument landing system
OAT Outside air temperature
DTG Distance to go
IFR Instrument flight rules
ADF Automatic direction finder
VOR Very high frequency omnidirectional range
LSALT Lowest safe altitude
IMC Instrument meteorological conditions
FAF Final approach fix
FIR Flight information region
FDR Flight data recorder
TAS True airspeed
AGL Above ground level