UNIT - IV :CONVERGENCE & NEW MEDIA

Evolution of Internet as New Media

❖ The Internet that we use today ,the network of computer networks based on
the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)/Internet Protocol (IP) suite of
protocols – is now relatively old technology.
❖ Research on its design commenced in 1973 and the network became
operational in January 1983. For the first two decades of its existence, it was
the preserve of a technological, academic, and research elite.
❖ The Internet was first developed in the US in the 1960s.
❖ This project sponsored by the US government was initially intended for
military and academic research.
❖ In 1973 the network expanded to Europe. Significant growth in the use of
the internet began in the late 1980s.
❖ The birth of the World Wide Web in the early 1990s introduced a graphic
user interface and a protocol for hyper linking information stored in
different computers.
❖ This provided access to millions and took the internet to the masses. India
found a place in the internet map in 1987.
❖ ERNET (Educational and Research Network), India’s first internet service,
was launched in 1987.
❖ The resulting competition lowered the cost and led to the rapid growth of
internet connections.
Convergence Bill

❖ Convergence commonly refers to the provision of different kinds of services

over the existing infrastructure and the enhancement of existing technologies
so as to provide a wide variety of services.
❖ “Convergence” in respect of media and entertainment,means the
combination of new media and old media within a single piece of media
work, bringing together different media products and technology.
❖ convergence means the coalescence and merging of traditionally separated
technologies and forms of communication into one, as far as possible.
❖ In 2000, the government of India introduced a proposed Communication
Convergence Bill (known as the Convergence Bill), with the objective of
establishing a converged regulatory framework to promote and develop the
communications sector (including broadcasting, telecommunications and
multimedia) in an environment of increasing convergence of technologies,
services and service providers.
❖ The Communication Bill was expected to repeal legislation such as the Indian
Telegraph Act, 1885; the Indian Wireless Telegraphy Act, 1933; the Cable
Television Networks (Regulation) Act, 1995; and the Telecom Regulatory
Authority of India Act, 1997.
❖ The main objectives of the Convergence Bill are:

(a) To facilitate the development of a national communications infrastructure,

in order to provide a wide choice of services to consumers;

(b) To establish a regulatory framework that addresses the convergence of

technologies, and defines the powers and roles of a single regulatory and
licensing authority for broadcasting, telecommunications and multimedia;
(c) To establish a basis for codes and standards for broadcasting content.