A Project Report on

Wireless Automatic Doorbell

Submitted By:

I.D NUMBER STUDENT NAME

SU91-BBETM-F22-026 Saimon Aslam
SU91-BBETM-F22-015 Hassan Raza
SU91-BBETM-F22-041 Maha Jamil
SU91-BBETM-F22-031 Hassan Ali

The Superior University, Lahore

BSc Bio-Medical Engineering and Technology
(SEMESTER-III)

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

S.NO CONTENTS PAGE NO

1. Abstract 4

2. Introduction 5

3. Principle or Methodology 6

4. Components required 11

5. Circuit diagram 16

6. Working 20

7. Advantages 21

8. Conclusion 22

9. References 23

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 ABSTRACT

Doorbells are usual signaling devices used to alert the person inside the building to open the door as
someone has arrived. Classic doorbells can be seen in every house now a days, which uses simple
button and when that button is pressed the bell rings. The doorbell which we are going to make is
different from that. We will make a doorbell which is automatic, i.e. it will detect someone in front
of it and then it will ring. We will be using a very simple circuit to implement this project.

This project can be really beneficial because it’s not always the case that a person can reach the
doorbell, so it would be nice if it rings automatically after detecting the person.
Also, there is a flexibility that you can adjust the distance according to you by doing some changes in
the circuit you are using to drive the doorbell. We will be using IR Proximity sensor to detect the
person and then give the alert using a buzzer.
As we know that IR Proximity sensors are used for distance measurement without physical contact
for small distances. So it’s the best thing to use IR Proximity sensor for detecting object.

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 INTRODUCTION TO WIRELESS DOOR-BELL

A wireless automatic doorbell with IR proximity sensor is a doorbell that uses infrared (IR) technology
to detect the presence of people near the door and automatically ring the doorbell. This type of doorbell
is convenient and easy to use, as it does not require the visitor to press a button to ring the bell.

The IR proximity sensor is typically mounted on the outside of the door, and it emits a beam of infrared
light. When someone walks into the path of the beam, the sensor detects the change in temperature and
sends a signal to the doorbell receiver. The doorbell receiver then rings the bell, alerting the
homeowner that someone is at the door.

Wireless automatic doorbells with IR proximity sensors are typically easy to install and use. The
doorbell receiver can be plugged into a standard electrical outlet, and the IR proximity sensor can be
mounted on the outside of the door with screws or double-sided tape. Once the doorbell is installed,
simply turn it on and start enjoying the convenience and security of a wireless automatic doorbell with
IR proximity sensor.

Here are some additional considerations when choosing a wireless automatic doorbell with IR proximity
sensor:

 Detection range: The detection range of the IR proximity sensor will determine how close
someone needs to be to the door for the doorbell to ring. Choose a doorbell with a detection range
that is appropriate for your needs.

 Volume: Wireless automatic doorbells come with a variety of volume levels. Choose a doorbell
with a volume level that is loud enough to hear from all over the house, but not so loud that it is
annoying.

 Features: Some wireless automatic doorbells come with additional features, such as multiple
chimes, adjustable volume, and LED lights. Choose a doorbell with the features that are
important to you.

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 PRINCIPLE

The Decoder IC, then decodes the serial data to parallel data and transmits the Logic '0' to Arduino. In the
Arduino UNO's, it is programmed such that, whenever a Logic '0' is detected by the Arduino, the buzzer is
turned on. Hence, whenever the button is pressed, the buzzer is turned on wirelessly.

METHODOLOGY

STEP1: THINGS YOU NEED

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STEP 2:
SCHMATICS

DESIGN OF TRANSMITTER CIRCUIT

DESIGN OF RECEIVER CIRCUIT

STEP3:
DESIGN OF IR PROXIMITY SENSOR

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STEP 4: FINAL STEP

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 Components required:

For Transmitter

 433 MHz RF Transmitter Module

 HT – 12E Encoder IC
 750 KΩ Resistor
 IR Proximity Sensor
 Power Supply
 Connecting Wires
 Zero Board

For Receiver

 433 MHz RF Receiver Module

 HT – 12D Decoder IC
 33 KΩ Resistor
 Small Buzzer
 Power Supply
 Connecting Wires
 Zero Board

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Zero board:

General Purpose PCB or Zero PCB or Dotted PCB also known as Per board are perfect for quick
prototyping and can be used by students for school and college projects. These PCB's are also used by
Hobbyist and in Industries for R&D and Testing of small circuits.

RF Transmitter – Receiver Module:

The wireless communication in this project is implemented using RF Transmitter – Receiver pair. A 433 MHz
RF Transmitter – Receiver Module is used in this project. Up to 500 feet or 150 meters of distance can be
possible with this module.

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 .

Buzzer:

A buzzer or beeper is an audio signalling device, which may be mechanical, electromechanical, or

piezoelectric (piezo for short).

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HT – 12E Encoder IC:

HT – 12E Encoder IC is often used with the RF Transmitter Module. The Encoder IC converts the parallel
data from its input to serial data for the RF Transmitter module to transmit.

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HT – 12D Decoder IC:

HT – 12D Decoder IC is the counter part of the Encoder IC. It is often used with RF Receiver Module. The
RF Receiver receives the serial data from the RF Transmitter. The Decoder IC takes this serial data and
converts it back to the parallel data.

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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

Wireless Doorbell Transmitter

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 Wireless Doorbell Receiver Circuit Diagram

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Design of Transmitter Circuit

The transmitter consists of a 433 MHz RF Transmitter Module, HT – 12E Encoder IC, 750 KΩ Resistor and
a push button. The design of the transmitter circuit is very simple. Pins 18 and 9 are connected to supply and
ground terminals respectively. The data out pin (Pin 17) of HT – 12E is connected to data pin of the RF
Transmitter Module. A 750 KΩ is connected between the oscillator pins (Pins 15 and 16) of the HT – 12E.
The transmission enable pin (Pin 14) is connected to ground. IR Proximity Sensor is connected between AD8
(Pin 10) and ground. Other connections are shown in the circuit diagram.

Design of Receiver Circuit

The receiver part of the project consists of 433 MHz RF Receiver Module, HT – 12D Decoder IC, 33 KΩ
Resistor, VDD and Vss pins are connected to supply and ground terminals respectively. The data in pin (Pin
14) of the decoder IC is connected to the data pin of the RF Receiver Module. A 33 KΩ Resistor is connected
between the oscillator pins (Pins 15 and 16) of the decoder ,The D8 pin (Pin 10) is connected to Pin 2 (or any
digital I/O pin) of Buzzer. A small buzzer is connected to ground.

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 Working

A wireless automatic doorbell with an IR proximity sensor is an electronic gadget that is designed to
alert anyone at your doorstep. The system is ideal for providing security and convenience as it
automatically rings the bell when someone approaches the door. In this working, we will outline the
components required to build this wireless automatic doorbell, the circuit diagram, and how the system
works.

The working of the wireless automatic doorbell with an IR proximity sensor can be explained as follows:

1. When someone approaches the door, the IR proximity sensor detects the person and sends a signal to
the microcontroller.

2. The microcontroller receives the signal from the sensor and activates the wireless transmitter.

3. The wireless transmitter sends the signal to the receiver.

4. The receiver receives the signal and activates the buzzer to produce sound.

5. The sound of the buzzer alerts anyone in the vicinity of the door.

6. The buzzer will turn off after a certain time, or it can be turned off manually.

7. The system requires a power supply to run.

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 Advantages

 The advantage of using RF Transmitter – Receiver based Wireless Doorbell is that it is very easy to
design the circuit and implement.
 The range of the transmission is fairly large. Hence, it is suitable for large homes.
 Another advantage over Bluetooth based data transmission is it doesn’t require any smart phone or
Bluetooth enabled phone or any other Bluetooth device.
 In case the system is implemented using a Wi-Fi network, we need to make sure that both the transmitter
and receiver are connected to the Wi-Fi network.
 Another wireless technology which can be used for Wireless Doorbell is IR. But the problem is that its

range is less and also it is a Line of Sight Communication.

 It has different penetration through the walls of the buildings or houses based on the frequency. Hence
used for radio and television transmission and for cellular mobile phone Service.

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 Limitations

 Both the Transmitter and Receiver parts of the circuit must be always turned on i.e. there should always
be power.
 No additional security like camera integration and hence, the ringer of the bell can’t be determined.

Applications

 The Wireless Doorbell implemented in this project is just a demonstration of the idea. But the idea can
be extended to actual, real time wireless doorbell system.
 Since the mode of communication is RF, the range is considerably large that other wireless technologies.
 The project is suitable for homes, shops, garages, hospitals, offices etc.

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 Conclusion:

 Wireless automatic doorbells with IR proximity sensors are a convenient and secure way
to improve the security and accessibility of your home. They are easy to install and use,
and they offer a number of advantages over traditional doorbells.

 Here is a summary of the benefits of wireless automatic doorbells with IR proximity

sensors:

 Convenience: Visitors do not have to press a button to ring the bell, which makes it easier
for them to enter the home, especially if they are carrying packages or have their hands
full.

 Accessibility: Wireless automatic doorbells are ideal for people with disabilities, as they
do not require them to press a button to ring the bell.

 Security: Wireless automatic doorbells can help to deter burglars, as they will ring the
bell when someone approaches the door, even if they do not ring the bell themselves.

 Energy efficiency: Wireless automatic doorbells use less energy than traditional
doorbells, as they do not require wires to be run between the doorbell and the receiver.

References

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9cyWuRx3aVE
https://youtu.be/VsgP9cQn-g0?feature=shared
https://youtu.be/hJEVHrAtq4k?feature=shared

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