INDUSTRIAL TRAINING

AT H.R.T.C WORKSHOP
MANDI ,HIMACHAL PRADESH
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

01 INTRODUCTION 04 CONCLUSION

02 SETTING UP 05 REFRENCES
AND GROWTH

03 MAIN SHOPS 06 CERTIFICATE

 01
INTRODUCTION
Himachal Road Transport Corporation is head by a Board of Directors
with Transport Minister as the Chairman.Managing Director is the Chief
Executive of the Corporation. Himachal Road Transport Corporation has
a three tier structure. The Corporate Office at Shimla controls 4
Divisional Offices located at Shimla, Mandi, Hamirpur and Dharamshala.
These 4 Divisions controls 23 Regional Offices Depots under them

At the Corporate Office, the Managing Director is assisted by Chief General

Manager, Financial Advisor & Chief Accounts Officer, and General Manager
Administration.
Four Divisional Office at Shimla, Hamirpur, Mandi and Dharamshala are
headed by Divisional Manager respectively. Divisional Offices is an
important channel between the Corporate Office and the Regional
Offices. Divisional Managers are assisted by the Manager Tech.,
Regional Manager Traffic, Regional Manager Enquiry and Asstt.
Controller .
The Regional unit depot in any transport undertaking is the key operating unit. In Himachal Road
Transport Corporation, 23 Regions are functioning under 4 Divisions, Each region is headed by a
Regional Manager. These Regional Managers are assisted by Works Manager, Traffic Manager,
Superintendent, Inspectorate Staff, Sr. Store Keeper, Store Keepers for the smooth functioning in terms
of operational, technical, administrative and inventory management activities.
Apart from above Divisional Offices/Regional Offices, HRTC has its four Divisional Workshops located
at Taradevi, Parwanoo, Mandi & Jassur. These four Divisional Workshops undertake the major repair
work of buses of Units falling under the respective division. Besides major repair work, except D.W.
Taradevi, all Divisional Workshops are undertaking the work of fabrication/ refabrication of HRTC
Ordinary and Semi Deluxe buses. These workshops are headed by a Technical Officer viz. Manager
Tech. or D.D.M. Tech or D.M Tech.
 02
SETTING UP AND
GROWTH
SETTING UP

At the time of Independence, Himachal was formed as a "C" class State

by merger of 33 hilly States of North-Western Himalayas on 15th April,
1948. Passenger and goods services were nationalized in the Pradesh
in July, 1949. During the year 1958, a Corporation, "Mandi-Kullu Road
Transport Corporation" was floated jointly by the Govt. of Punjab,
Himachal and Railways under the Road Transport Corporation Act, 1950
basically to operate on the joint routes in the States of Punjab and
Himachal. With the re-organization of Punjab State in 1966, few hilly
areas of Punjab were merged in Himachal and operational areas of
Mandi-Kullu Road Transport Corporation came entirely in the expanded
State of Himachal. On 02.10.1974, Himachal Govt. Transport was
merged with Mandi-Kullu Road Transport Corporation and was renamed
what even today is known as Himachal Road Transport Corporation.
 GROWTH.

After the formation of Himachal on 15th July, 1948 the network of roads had received top-most priority of the Government.
At present the road network is widely spread in Himachal. In 1974 total routes operated by HRTC were 379 which have
grown to 1967 in 2007-2018 and the fleet strength has grown from 733 to 3110 in 2019. Bus remains the sole mode of
passenger transportation in the state as railways have a negligible presence in the State. The narrow gauge lines
connecting Pathankot with Jogindernagar and Kalka with Shimla are so slow moving that a very small percentage of traffic
is carried by them at present; thereby leaving the onus of carrying the passenger traffic on to bus transport. The growth of
HRTC viz-a-viz its for mation is as under :-

BUS TYPES :- HRTC is operating four types of buses.

· Ultra-Luxuary AC Buses - HIMSUTA

1. Luxury AC Buses - HIMGAURAV

· Ordinary Buses - TATA ACGL 16.13 TC (BS4) , TATA 15.12 TC (BS3), GOLDSTONE BYD
(ELECTRIC), TATA 15.10 TC (BS3) ,ASHOK LEYLEND VIKING (BS6)
· Ultra-Luxuary AC Buses - HIMSUTA Luxury AC Buses - HIMGAURAV
 1) ASHOKLEYLAND
VIKING (BS6) :-

4) GOLDSTONE BYD K9 (EV)

1) TATA 15.12 TC :-
2) TATA 1510 :-
 03
MAIN SHOPS IN
WORKSHOP
3.1 GEAR SHOP
3.2 ENGINE SHOP
3.3 TYRE SHOP
3.4 CHASSIS SHOP
3.5 PUMP AND CALIBRATIONS
3.1 GEAR SHOP
The main gear used in HRTC buses is synchromesh gear box.

The gear box are of two types:-

i) Constant mesh gear box

ii) Synchromesh gear box
Constant mesh gear box is not used in the present vehicles only the
synchromesh gear box is used. This is used in every vehicle, because of the
following.
i)Easy to operate. ii)There is no wear and tear in the gear box or
gears.
SYNCHROMESH GEAR
iii)Because of the synchromesh the gear shifting is easy. After this they told
us about the complete parts of the gear box when they are working over
there we also done the dismantling and assembly of the gear box.
Main parts:-

i Main shaft - Driver gear

ii Counter shaft – Driven gear
iii Housing
iv Driving flange
v Oil retainer
For dismantling of the gear box following tools are used.

i Hammer vi Socket set

ii Chisel vii Iron stick

iii Tommy bar viii Ring spanner

iv Open end spanner ix Nose pliers

v Extension rod x Speed handle

All of the above tools are used for the dismantling and assembly of the gear box.
Gear Ratio:

1st - 7.51

2nd - 3.99

3rd - 2.30

4th - 1.39

5th - 1.00

Rev. - 6.43
Gears on main shaft:-

1. Ist gear on mainshaft (39 teethes)

2. Reverse gear (36 teethes)

3. 2nd gear (32 teethes)

4. 3rd gear (26 teethes)

Defaults:-

i) Gears teeth broken

ii) Play between gear components
iii) Bearing is not smooth running
iv) The teeth of fork is broken
v) Components of gear shift mechanism may be worn or damaged.
vi) Counter shaft gear may be worn out.
vii) Miss Alignment of counter shaft and main shaft gears.
viii) The main shaft gears may be tight on splines.
ix) The drain plug may be loose or damaged.
x) Damaged or even missing gasket
3.2 ENGINE SHOP
It is a power producing device. It converts chemical energy into heat energy and than mechanical energy .

Main parts of Engine:

1. Cylinder block 2. Cylinder head

3. Piston 4. Crankshaft

5. Camshaft 6. Connecting rod

7. Valves (Inlet valve and exhaust valve)

8. Inlet manifold exhaust manifold

9. Hose pipes 10. Water jacket

11. Oil gallery 12. Sleeves

Engine 13. Thermostat 14. Dampers

Inspection of various parts of engine:-

1. Inspection of the cylinder boring honing of the cylinder bore gone oval in shop inserting the cylinder liner or sleeve.

2. Inspection of the piston changing of piston if necessary.

3. Crankshaft grinding

4. Camshaft grinding

5. Inspection of water gasket sand oil, galleried

6. Checking the valve mechanism.

7. Gasket and lubricating oil are changed after overhauling.

8. Inspection and replacing of the bearing.

9. Rings are settled with the held of piston ring compressor.

10. Piston ring expands is used for removing ring from piston.
3.3 TYRE SHOP
When the tyre is coming in the workshop for repairing, first of all we can see the inner side of the tyre, if there is any kill in
the inner side of the tyre then we can remove it with the help of repairing process

Various process of Tyre shop are:-

1. Tyre grinding in the buffing machine.

2. After that we can use the B.V.C. solution on the tyre.

BVC (Black vulcanizing cement)

3. Bonding gym
4. Trud i.e. Rubber
5. Tube and envelop
6. After this tyre is in the chamber
7. Air meter:- It is used to check the air. The pressure value of air is same in all air
meter.There are two chambers in this tyre shop where sixteen tyres are heated in one time,
eight in each chamber.
3.4 CHASSIS SHOP
Chassis is the main part of vehicle.

Chassis = Vehicle – Body

MAIN PARTS OF CHASSIS

1) Radiator

2) Engine
OTHER PARTS OF CHASSIS
3) Flywheel
ARE:- 1) Leaf Spring
4) Clutch
2) Oil tank
5) Gear box
3) Battery
6) Universal joint
4) Tyre
7) Propeller shaft
5) Seat
8) Differential
3.5 PUMP CALIBRATION SHOP
ROTARY OR (EURO-3) DISTRIBUTION TYPE FUEL INJECTION PUMP :-

Parts of Rotary fuel injection pump:-

1. Electogen switch

2. Rotary head

3. Spring and valve arrangement

4. Cover

5. Stopper DEFECTS:-

6. Fulcrum level 7. Drive shaft cam shaft i) The cam was not properly working and is not giving
8. Governor 9. Timing piston the complete rotation.

10. Central valve 11. Diaphragm washer

ii) The washer was not properly fixed inside the hole of
the given element.
 04
CONCLUSION
 CONCLUSION

In my industrial training, I was introduced to industrial

environment.I learned discipline and cooperation during my
industrial training and I felt good when I came in contact with
engineers and workers of workshop. Most importantly I had learned
the process of doing work in big workshops with complete
knowledge of Engine Shop and Gear Shop which will be useful for
me when ever I will go to any industry or workshop as an employee
 05
REFRENCES
 REFERENCES
i Standard Publishers Distributors -Dr. Kirpal
Singh
ii www.himachal.nic.in/hrtc/
iii Under the Guidance of :-
1) Kishori lal (Manager Tech.)
2) Manish Sharma (Junior Tech. Officer)
3) Suman, Mukesh, Happy, Umesh, (Mechanic)
 THANKS!
Do you have any questions?

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