GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE

PALAKKAD-678551

MINI-PROJECT REPORT ON

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements

for the award of

DIPLOMA IN INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING

SUBMITTED BY

BATCH -1

SEMESTER-4

INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING

MAY 2023

Department of Instrumentation Engineering

Govt. Polytechnic College, Palakkad-678551
GROUP MEMBERS: -

1. JELDRIN O.V
2. JESWIN JACOB
3. MANIKANDAN.S
4. SANDEEP.R
5. SARATH.M
6. SHIYAS BABU K.B
 Department of Instrumentation
Engineering
Govt. Polytechnic College Palakkad-
678551

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

Certified that this is the bonafide record of the Mini-Project on CENTRIFUGAL

PUMP WITH ELECTRIC MOTOR(Repair and Troubleshooting) has been
presented by, BATCH-1 second year Instrumentation Engineering. Govt.
Polytechnic college, Palakkad on 05-05-2022 in partial fulfillment for the
award of Diploma in Instrumentation Engineering under the Directorate of
Technical Education, Kerala state during the year 2023.

Signature of HOD Signature of Mini-Project Guide

SURESH BABU P MABIN BABY

Head Of Department Tradesman, IE
Instrumentation Engg Department Instrumentation Engg Department
Govt. Polytechnic College Govt. Polytechnic College
Palakkad Palakkad

Internal Examiner: External Examiner:

Place:PALAKKAD
Date:
MINI-PROJECT REPORT 2022-23

GOVT.POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE PALAKKAD

VISION

“To be a Centre of excellence in engineering education for providing valuable resources

to industry and society”

MISSION

1. Providing quality education in Engineering and Technology.

2. Involving in the development of society through technology transfer

entrepreneurship andindustry interaction.

3. To inculcate social responsibility and ethical values among students through value

education.

DPT.OF INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING GOVT. POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE PALAKKAD

MINI-PROJECT REPORT 2022-23

DEPARTMENT OF INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING

VISION

To be a leading Centre of education in instrumentation engineering to cater the needs

of industries and organization by imparting quality education and skills to students
leading them to be globally competent professional.

MISSION

1. Helping students to achieve knowledge and excellence in theory and practice of

instrumentation engineering through professional coaching, interaction with industry

and state of the art facilities.

2. Providing students with strong foundation in the field of instrumentation and

making them adaptable to changing technology.

DPT.OF INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING GOVT. POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE PALAKKAD

MINI-PROJECT REPORT 2022-23

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We express my sincere gratitude towards, Mr.MABIN BABY,tradesman, IE in charge in

Dept of InstrumentationEngineering for all his help in presenting this project.

We express my heartfelt gratitude towards, SURESH BABU. P, Head of the Department, and
to all the other staffmembers of Department of Instrumentation Engineering for their valuable
advice and guidance in presenting this project.

Let me take this opportunity to express my sincere gratitude to my parents and all my friends
for their valuable encouragement and co-operation

Finally, We express my gratitude to almighty god for the merciful encouragement and also for
being a source of inspiration

1.Anirudh M
2.Avinash S
3.Jishnu K
4.Mohammed shahin A
5.Muhammed hashim H
6.Harshan VS

DPT.OF INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING GOVT. POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE PALAKKAD

MINI-PROJECT REPORT 2022-23

ABSTRACT

The main objective of this mini project is troubleshooting the

existing centrifugal pump with motor in Instrumentation Lab1 . While is very
essential to conduct flow measurement-based experiments.Centrifugal pump
is used in our lab to produced high pressure flow to conduct experiments.
We conduct a detailed study of the existing problem in the Centrifugal pump
with motor and Collective works were conduct to make the centrifugal
pump and motor in good working condition.

DPT.OF INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING GOVT. POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE PALAKKAD

MINI-PROJECT REPORT 2022-23

CONTENTS

SL.NO TOPIC PAGE.NO

1 INTRODUCTION OF CENTRIFUGAL PUMP 1

2 CONSTRUCTION OF CENTRIFUGAL PUMP 2

3 WORKING OF CENTRIFUGAL PUMP 3

4 APPLICATIONS, ADVANTAGES&DISADVANTAGES
OF CENTRIFUGAL PUMP 4

5 INTRODUCTION OF SINGLE PHASE INDUCTION

MOTOR 5

6 CONSTRUCTION OF SINGLE PHASE INDUCTION

MOTOR 6

7 WORKING OF SINGLE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR 7

8 TYPES OF SINGLE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR 8

9 APPLICATIONS, ADVANTAGES&DISADVANTAGES
OF SINGLE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR 9

10 INITIAL CONDITION OF CENTRIFUGAL PUMP &

SINGLE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR 10

11 PROBLEMS IDENTIFICATION & CORRECTIVE

ACTIONS TAKEN 11

12 CONDITION OF CENTRIFUGAL PUMP & SINGLE

PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR AFTER REPAIR 12

13 PURCHASE DETAILS 13

14 CONCLUSION 14

DPT.OF INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING GOVT. POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE PALAKKAD

MINI-PROJECT REPORT 2022-23

INTRODUCTION OF CENTRIFUGAL PUMP

A centrifugal pump transfers input power to kinetic energy

of the fluid being pumped. This energy, through the spec the pump
design, is converted to pressure energy that the fluid to flow. The
most common type of centrifugal pump is termed the "volute pump".
In this type of pump, fluid enters the pump at the center of a
rotating impeller. The rotating impeller causes a rapid radial
acceleration of the fluid from the eye of the impeller to the pumps
circumferential casing. This creates a vacuum at the center of the
impeller, resulting in continual entry of more process fluid. The fluid
exits the pump through a discharge port located at the outer
perimeter of the casing. The energy from the pumps motor is
converted to kinetic energy of the fluid according to the Bernoulli
equation. The energy ultimately transferred to the liquid depends on
many factors, including the diameter of the impeller and the speed
at which the motor turns the impeller. The larger the impeller
diameter and the faster it rotates: the more kinetic energy is
transferred to the liquid.

DPT.OF INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING 1 GOVT. POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE PALAKKAD

MINI PROJECT REPORT 2022-23

CONSTRUCTION OF CENTRIFUGAL PUMP

Centrifugal pump works on a principle which states that if a

fluid of a certain mass is given a force, it gets thrown outward radially.
The main parts of the centrifugal pump include

•Suction eye
•Vanes
•Impeller
•suction pipe
•Discharge pipe
•Casing

The suction pipe is connected to the sump or a

ground level 10/22 tank from where the fluid has to be pumped. This pipe
at the sump is connected with strainer thus restricting any for particles
entering into the pump. Generally, the length pr suction pipe is less and
thus the friction loss will also be less. The other end of the suction pipe
is connected to the suction eye of the pump. The suction eye is the first
pointof entry of water into pump. The discharge pipe is connected to the
highest level where the fluid has to be delivered.

DPT.OF INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING 2 GOVT. POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE PALAKKAD

MINI PROJECT REPORT 2022-23

WORKING OF CENTRIFUGAL PUMP

As the electric motors start rotating, it also rotates the

impeller. The rotation of the impeller creates suction on the suction pipe.
Due to suction, water from the cesspool enters the casing through the eye
of the impeller . From the eye of the impellers, due to the centrifugal force
acting on the water, the water starts moving radially outward and
outward. Since the impeller is moving at a high velocity, it also rotates the
water around it in the mantle.
The area of the casing increases slowly in the direction of
rotation, so as the water velocity decreases and the pressure increasesthe
pressure at the outlet of the pump is maximized. Now from the outletof
the pump, the water goes through the delivery pipe to its intendedlocation.
Let us understand in detail how centrifugal pumps work
Centrifugal pumps are used to induce flow or to increase the
liquid from low level to high level. These pumps operate on a very simple
system. A centrifugal pump converts rotational energy, often from a motor,
into energy in a moving fluid. The two main parts responsible for the
conversion of energy are the impeller and the casing The impeller is the
rotating parts of the pumps, and the casing is the airtight path that
surrounds the impeller.

In a centrifugal pump, the fluid enters the casing. falls on

the impeller blade at the eye of the impeller, and rotates outward
tangentially and radially until it leaves the impeller in the diffuser part of
the casing. When passing through the impeller, the fluid is receiving both
velocity and pressure.

DPT.OF INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING 3 GOVT. POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE PALAKKAD

MINI PROJECT REPORT 2022-23

APPLICATIONS,ADVANTAGES&DISADVANTAGES OF
CENTRIFUGAL PUMP

Applications:
•Water supply for residential areas.
•Fire protection systems.
•Sewage/slurry disposal.
•Food and beverage manufacturing.
•Chemical manufacturing.
•Oil and gas industrial operations.

Advantages:
•Resistance to corrosion.
•Wide range of sizes.
•Reliability and low maintenance requirements.
•Energy efficiency.
•Stage.
•Suction Type.
•Split case.

Disadvantages:
•Sensitivity to operating environment.
•Pump cavitations.
•Vibrations caused by the surrounding conditions can cause
significant damage.
•Expensive repairs due to pitting on the impeller or casing in food
grade centrifugal pumps.

DPT.OF INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING 4 GOVT. POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE PALAKKAD

MINI PROJECT REPORT 2022-23

INTRODUCTION OF SINGLE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR

As the name implies, these induction motors are operated on

a single-phase AC supply. Single-phase induction motors are the most
familiar electric motors because these are commonly used in domestic
and commercial appliances like fans, pumps, washing machines, air
conditioners, refrigerators, etc.

Although single-phase induction motors are relatively less

efficient than three-phase induction motors, but they are extensively
used as the substitute for three-phase induction motors in low power
applications.

A typical single-phase induction motor consists of two main

parts − a stator and a rotor. The stator of a single-phase induction
motor carries a single-phase winding, whereas the rotor has the
squirrel-cage construction.

DPT.OF INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING 5 GOVT. POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE PALAKKAD

MINI PROJECT REPORT 2022-23

CONSTRUCTION OF SINGLE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR

A single phase induction motor is similar to a 3- phase

squirrel cage induction motor in physical appearance except that the
stator has distributed single-phase winding. There is uniform air gap
between stator and rotor but no electrical connection between stator
and rotor. The single phase induction motor has two main parts one is
stator (which is stationary) and other is rotor (which is rotating).

Stator
It is the stationary part of the motor as shown in Figure 2 (a).
It has three main parts
1. Outer frame.
2. Stator core
3. Stator winding:

Rotor
It is the rotating part of the motor as shown in Figure 2
(b). This rotor is called squirrel cage, as appear like cage as shown in
Figure 2 (b). The ro- tor has aluminium or copper bars which are per-
manently circuited at both ends by conducting end rings.

DPT.OF INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING 6 GOVT. POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE PALAKKAD

MINI PROJECT REPORT 2022-23

WORKING OF SINGLE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR

We know that for the working of any electrical motor whether

its AC or DC motor, we require two fluxes as the interaction of these
two fluxes produced the required torque.
When we apply a single phase AC supply to the stator winding
of single phase induction motor, the alternating current starts flowing
through the stator or main winding. This alternating current produces
an alternating flux called main flux. This main flux also links with the
rotor conductors and hence cut the rotor conductors.
According to the Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction,
emf gets induced in the rotor. As the rotor circuit is closed one so,
the current starts flowing in the rotor. This current is called the rotor
current. This rotor current produces its flux called rotor flux. Since
this flux is produced due to the induction principle so, the motor
working on this principle got its name as an induction motor. Now
there are two fluxes one is main flux, and another is called rotor flux.
These two fluxes produce the desired torque which is required by the
motor to rotate.

DPT.OF INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING 7 GOVT. POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE PALAKKAD

MINI PROJECT REPORT 2022-23

TYPES OF ELECTRIC MOTOR

DPT.OF INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING 8 GOVT. POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE PALAKKAD

MINI PROJECT REPORT 2022-23

APPLICATIONS, ADVANTAGES&DISADVANTAGES OF
SINGLE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR

APPLICATIONS:
•Pumps.
•Compressors.
•Small fans.
•Mixers.
•Toys.
•High-speed vacuums.
•Electric shavers.
•Drilling machines.

ADVANTAGES:
•Single phase motor is that it requires a two wire supply
•Single-phase motors are less expensive to manufacture than other
motors
•Capacitor-start motors are good general purpose motors and they are
ideal for most occasions.
•The single phase motors are simple in construction, cheap in cost,reliable
and easy to repair and maintain.

DISADVANTAGES:
•Single phase motor are that their power is limited.
•They do not have good starting torque and they have acomplex starting
switch in some cases.
•Speed control of induction motors are difficult.
•At low loads, the power factor drops to very low values

DPT.OF INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING 9 GOVT. POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE PALAKKAD

MINI PROJECT REPORT 2022-23

INITIAL CONDITION OF CENTRIFUGAL PUMP &

SINGLE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR

DPT.OF INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING 10 GOVT. POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE PALAKKAD

MINI PROJECT REPORT 2022-23

PROBLEMS IDENTIFICATION &CORRECTIVE

ACTIONS TAKEN

We find the problems of the motor and rectification is done.

1) Problem:- The winding of the motor burned out and fully damaged.
Solution:- The motor is rewinded using copper wires as per winding
criteria.

2) Problem:- The motor fan is fused of and fully broken.

Solution:- The new fan with same specification is replaced.

3) Problem:- The centrifugal pump sealing washers are broken and

melted and the water&air is leaking.
Solution:- The new sealing kit is installed and the leaking is stoped.

DPT.OF INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING 11 GOVT. POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE PALAKKAD

MINI PROJECT REPORT 2022-23

CONDITION OF CENTRIFUGAL PUMP & SINGLE

PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR AFTER REPAIR

DPT.OF INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING 12 GOVT. POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE PALAKKAD

MINI PROJECT REPORT 2022-23

PURCHASE DETAILS

DPT.OF INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING 13 GOVT. POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE PALAKKAD

MINI PROJECT REPORT 2022-23

CONCLUSION

The Centrifugal pump along with single

phase induction motor problems are identified and repairing
works are done successfully. The pump&motor is now in
good working condition

DPT.OF INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING 14 GOVT. POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE PALAKKAD