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Alternate Energy Sources

EE-71028

Mehboob Alam

Lecture 2

Outline
 Motivation: Energy harvesting using Plasmonics
 Scattering by Nano-Cylinders with Incident wave
Polarized to a Plane (General case)
 Case I: Incident E field Parallel to XZ Plane
 Case II: Incident E field Perpendicular to XZ Plane
 Scattering by Nanoparticles
 Introduction
 Solution of Vector Wave Equation
 Expansion of a Plane wave in Vector Spherical Harmonics
 Internal and Scattered Fields
 Plane wave in terms of Spherical Wave Function
 Scattering Coefficients
 Extinction, Scattering & Absorption Cross-sections
 Matlab Program

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Energy Harvesting: Light Trapping

 Plasmonic light trapping via
metallic elements
 a. Plasmonic structure can be
placed on the top surface of a
solar cell
 b. Plasmonic nanoparticles can
be embedded inside the absorber
 c. Metallic nanoparticles or
corrugated metal films can be
placed at the back surface of a
cell
H. A. Atwater and A. Polman, "Plasmonics For Improved Photovoltaic Devices," Nature Mater. 9, 865 (2010).
Mandal, P., and S. Sharma. "Progress in plasmonic solar cell efficiency improvement: A status review." Renewable and
Sustainable Energy Reviews 65 (2016): 537-552.

Introduction to Plasmonics
 Definition
 Plasmonics: Optics at the nanoscale

 It is a new branch of photonics, that deals with

the interaction of light with matter in metallic

nanostructures
 It is the study of the interaction between

electromagnetic field and free electrons in a

metal.
 It also studies how the electromagnetic (EM)

field can be confined over a dimension of the

order or smaller than the wavelength

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Scattering by Nano-Cylinders with Polarized Wave

(General case)

Scattering by Nano-Cylinders with Polarized Wave

(General case)

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Scattering by Nano-Cylinders with Polarized Wave

(General case)

Scattering by Nano-Cylinders with Polarized Wave

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Scattering by Nano-Cylinders with Polarized Wave

Scattering by Nano-Cylinders with Polarized Wave

boundary

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Scattering by Nano-Cylinders with Polarized Wave

before

Plasmonic Nanocylinder (Analytical Model)

 The cross sectional areas of scattering and extinction for

TE mode can be derived as

▪ where an and bn are coefficients

C. Bohren and D. Huffman, Absorption and scattering of light by small particles. New York: Wiley, 1983.
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Plasmonic Nanocylinder (Analytical Model)

 The cross sectional areas of scattering and extinction for

TM mode can be derived as

C. Bohren and D. Huffman, Absorption and scattering of light by small particles. New York: Wiley, 1983.
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Plasmonic Nanocylinder (Analytical Model)

Graphical representation of scattering, extinction and absorption in TE mode.

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Plasmonic Nanocylinder (Analytical Model)

Graphical representation of scattering, extinction and absorption in TM mode.

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Scattering by Nanoparticle:
Introduction

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Solution to the Vector Wave Equation

Solution to the Vector Wave Equation

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Solution to the Vector Wave Equation

Solution to the Vector Wave Equation

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Solution to the Vector Wave Equation

Solution to the Vector Wave Equation

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Solution to the Vector Wave Equation

Solution to the Vector Wave Equation

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Solution to the Vector Wave Equation

Solution to the Vector Wave Equation

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Solution to the Vector Wave Equation

Solution to the Vector Wave Equation

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Expansion of a Plane wave in Vector Spherical

Harmonics

Expansion of a Plane wave in Vector Spherical

Harmonics

as

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Expansion of a Plane wave in Vector Spherical

Harmonics

above equations

Expansion of a Plane wave in Vector Spherical

Harmonics
Solving following equations with m=1,

Momn Nemn
Bomn Aemn
Momn Nemn

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The Internal and Scattered Fields

The Internal and Scattered Fields

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The Internal and Scattered Fields

Vector Spherical Harmonics and Internal /

External Fields

coefficients

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Plane wave in terms of Spherical Wave Function

Plane wave in terms of Spherical Wave Function

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Plane wave in terms of Spherical Wave Function

Scattering Coefficients

H
E

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Scattering Coefficients

Scattering Coefficients

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Scattering Coefficients

Scattering Coefficients

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Scattering Coefficients

Scattering Coefficients

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Cross Sections

(1)

(2)

(3)

Cross Sections
(1) (2)

(3)

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