1

SHAURYA 2.0
Applications of Trigonometry DPP: 8.1

1. On the ground level the angle of elevation from the 7. A 10 inches long pencil AB with midpoint C and a
top of the tree is 45°. on moving 10m nearer to the small eraser P are placed on the horizontal top of a
tree the angle of elevation becomes 60°. Find the table such that PC = 5 inches and PCB = tan–1(2).
height of the tree The acute angle through which the pencil must be
10 3 10 rotated about C so that the perpendicular distance
(a) (b)
3 +1 3 −1 between eraser and pencil becomes exactly 1 inch is:
10 3 3
(c) (d)
3 −1 3 −1

2. A house of height 100 m subtends a right angle at the

window of an opposite house. If the height of the
window is 64 m, then the distance between the two
houses is 3
(a) tan −1   (b) tan −1 1
(a) 36 m (b) 48 m 4
(c) 58 m (d) 64 m
4 1
(c) tan −1   (d) tan −1  
3. The angle of elevation of a ladder leaning against a 3 2
wall is 60° and the foot of the ladder is 4.6 m away
from the wall. The length of the ladder is: 8. Two poles, AB of length a metres and CD of length
(a) 9.2 m (b) 9.4 m a + b (b  a) metres are erected at the same horizontal
(c) 8.2 m (d) 13.2 m level with bases at B and D. If BD = x and tanACB
1
4. The angle of elevation of the sun, when the length of = , then:
2
the shadow of a tree is 3 times the height of the tree (a) x2+ 2 (a + 2b) x – b (a + b) = 0
is (b) x2+ 2 (a + 2b) x + a (a + b) = 0
(a) 30° (c) x2 – 2 ax +b (a + b) = 0
(b) 60° (d) x2 – 2 ax +a (a + b) = 0
(c) 45°
(d) 15° 9. The angle of elevation of the tip of a flag staff from a
point 10 m due South of its base is 60°. What is the
5. If the angles of elevation of the top of a tower from height of the flag staff correct to the nearest meter?
three collinear points A, B and C, on a line leading to (a) 15 m (b) 16 m
the foot of the tower, are 30°, 45°, and 60°, (c) 17 m (d) 18 m
respectively, then the ratio AB: BC, is:
(a) 1 : 3 (b) 3 :1 10. A man is observing, from the top of a tower, a boat
speeding towards the tower from a certain point A,
(c) 3 : 1 (d) 1 : 3
with uniform speed. At that point, the angle of
depression of the boat with the man’s eye is 30°
6. A man observes the elevation of a balloon to be 30°. (Ignore the man’s height). After sailing for 20
then he then walks 1 km towards the balloon and seconds, towards the base of the tower (which is at
finds that the elevation is 60°. What is the height of the level of water), the boat has reached point B,
the balloon? where the angle of depression is 45°. Then the time
1 3 taken (in seconds) by the boat from B to reach the
(a) km (b) km
2 2 base of the tower is:
1 (a) 10 (b) 10 3
(c) km (d) 1 km
3 (c) 10( 3 + 1) (d) 10( 3 − 1)
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11. The angle of elevation of a jet plane from a point A 16. From a lighthouse, the angle of depression of two
on the ground is 60°. After a flight of 20 seconds at ships on opposite sides of the lighthouse were
the speed of 432 km/hour, the angle of elevation observed to be 30° and 45°. If the height of the the
changes to 30°. If the jet plane is flying at a constant light house is 90 metres and the line joining the two
height, then its height is: ships passes through the foot of the lighthouse, find
(a) 1800 3 m (b) 3600 3 m the distance between the two ships, and correct two
decimal places.
(c) 2400 3 m (d) 1200 3 m
(a) 24.88 m (b) 245.88 m
12. Two vertical poles are 150 m apart and the height of (c) 45.88 m (d) 345.88 m
one is three times that of the other. If from the middle
point of the line joining their feet, an observer finds 17. A man on the deck of a ship is 10 m above water
the angle of elevation of their tops to be level. He observes that the angle of elevation of the
complementary, then the height of the shorter pole (in top of a cliff is 42° and the angle of depression of the
meters) is: base is 20°. Calculate the height of the cliff.
(a) 20 3 (b) 25 3 [tan70° = 2.747, tan42 = 0.9004]
(c) 30 (d) 25 (a) 34.73 m (b) 24.73 m
(c) 14.73 m (d) 44.73 m
13. A pole stands vertically inside a triangular park ABC.
Let the angle of elevation of the top of the pole from 18. A man observes the angle of elevation of the top of a
 building to be 30º. He walks towards it in a horizontal
each corner of the park be . If the radius of the line through its base. On covering 60 m, the angle of
3
elevation changes to 60º. Find the height of the
circumcircle to ABC is 2 m, then the height of the
building correct to the nearest metre.
pole is equal to:
(a) 11.96 m (b) 51.96 m
2 3
(a) m (b) 2 3 m (c) 21.96 m (d) 55.96 m
3
1 19. A vertical tower stands on a horizontal plane and is
(c) 3m (d) m
3 surmounted by a flagstaff of height 7 metres. At a
14. From a window A, 10 m above the ground angle of point in a plane, the angle of elevation of the bottom
elevation of the top C of a tower is x°, where tan x = and the top of the flagstaff are respectively 30º and
5 60º. Find the height of the tower.
and the angle of depression of the foot of the tower
2 (a) 13.5 m
1 (b) 3.5 m
is y°, where tan y° = . calculate the height CD of the (c) 5.5 m
4
tower in metres. (d) 10.5 m
(a) 111 m (b) 110 m
(c) 210 m (d) 211 m 20. A pole being broken by the wind, the top struck the
ground at an angle of 30o and at a distance of 8 m
15. At the foot of a mountain, the elevation of its summit from the foot of the pole. Find the whole height of the
is 45°. After ascending 1000 m towards the mountain pole.
up a slope of 30° inclination, the elevation is found to (a) 8 2
be 60°. Find the height of the mountain. (b) 8 3
(a) 500(1 + 2) (b) 500(1 − 3)
(c) 5 3
(c) 500(1 + 3) (d) 500(1 − 2) (d) 5 2
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Answer Key
1. (c) 11. (d)
2. (b) 12. (b)
3. (a) 13. (b)
4. (a) 14. (b)
5. (b) 15. (c)
6. (b) 16. (b)
7. (a) 17. (a)
8. (c) 18. (b)
9. (c) 19. (b)
10. (c) 20. (b)
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Hints and Solutions

1. (c) 3. (a)
Calculation: Calculation:
Let AB be the tree and BD be the ground and h be the Let AB be the wall and BC be the ladder
height of the tree

ACB = 60° and AC = 4.6 m

AC
cos 60 =
Bc
In 1 AC
=  BC = 2 × AC
ABD, 2 BC
tan45° =
h
 1=
h  BC = (2 × 4.6) m
10+x 10+x  BC = 9.2 m
h = 10 + x … (1)
In ABC, 4. (a)
h Calculation:
tan 60 =
x let the height of the tree is h then length of the shadow
3x = h … (2) will be 3 h then,
by equation (1) & (2)
10 3
3(h − 10) = h  h =
3 −1

2. (b)
Calculation:
3h
In ABC,
AC
cot  =
AB
3h
 cot  =
h
 cot  = 3
 cot = cot30°
  = 30°

In triangle BCD, 5. (b)

64 Calculation:
tan  =
d Let the height of the tower is h then,
In triangle AED, In HOC,
(100 – 64) tan θ = d
 64 
 36    = d
 d 
 d = 36  64
2

 d=68
h
= 48 m tan 60 =
OC
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 OC =
h h+ 3
 x=
3 3
In HOA, Equating the values of x,
tan 30 =
h h+ 3
OA h 3=  3h = h + 3
3
 OA = h 3 3
In HOB,  2h = 3  h = km
2
h
tan 45 =
OB 7. (a)
 OB = h Calculation:
Now,
 AB = OA – OB = h ( 3 −1)
 1   h 
 BC = OB − OC = h 1 − =  ( 3 − 1)
 3  3
h
 AB : BC = h( 3 − 1) : ( 3 − 1)
3
 AB: BC = 3 :1 From figure,
1
6. (b) sin  =
5
Calculation:
1
Let the horizontal distance of the man from the therefore tan  =
balloon is x and the vertical height of the balloon be 2
h, then tan( + ) = 2
tan  + tan 
=2
1 − tan   tan 
1
tan  +
2 =2
1
1 − tan   
2
3
tan  =
h  = tan −1  
x 4
h
 tan 30 = 8. (c)
x
Calculation:
1 h
 =
3 x
x=h 3
The man moved 1km towards the balloon, then the
horizontal distance between the man and the balloon
will become (x – 1)km,
h
tan 60 =
x −1
h
 3= 1
x −1 tan  =
 3x − 3 = h 2
x x
 3x = h + 3 tan( + ) = , tan  =
b a+b
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tan  + tan  11. (d)

 tan( + ) =
1 − tan  tan  Calculation:
1 x
+
 2 a+b =
x
1 x b
1− 
2 a+b
x2 – 2ax + ab + b2 = 0

h
9. (c) tan 60 =
Calculation: y
h
3=  h = 3y … (i)
y
h
tan 30 =
x+y
1 h
=  3h = x + y … (ii)
3 x+y
Let H be the height of the flag staff, D be the distance 432  20 12
x= = km
on the ground, and  be the angle of elevation. 60  60 5
H 12 12
tan  = 3h = + y  3h − = y
D 5 5
H From (1)
tan 60 =
10  12 
h = 3  3h − 
H  5
3=
10 12 3
H = 17.3  17 (Approx.) h = 3h −
5
The height of the flag staff is 17m
6 3
= km
10. (c) 5
Calculation: = 1200 3m

12. (b)
Calculation:

Let speed of boat is u m/s and height of tower is h h 75

meter & distance AB = x metre tan  = =
75 3h
Therefore, x = h cot30° – h cot 45°
(75) 2
 x = h( 3 − 1)  h2 =
3
x h( 3 − 1) h = 25 3
Therefore, u = = m/s
20 20
Time taken to travel from B to C (Distance = h meter) 13. (b)
h h 20 Calculation:
= = = = 10( 3 + 1)sec Let PD = H, R = 2
u ( 3 − 1) 3 −1
h As angle of elevation of top of pole from A, B, C are
20
equal, so D must be circumference of ABC
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Let point A be the position of summit of the mountain

and B being its foot.
Let C be the original position of observer and D, the
final position after ascending 1000 metres.
Let DN and DM be perpendicular to BC and AB
respectively.
   PD h
tan   = = Thus
3 R R
CD = 1000 m

h = R tan   = 2 3 m  DCN = 30° and ADM = 60°
3
 ACB =  CAB = 45° and  DAM = 30°
14. (b)
 DCA =  DAC = 15° and AD = CD = 1000 m
Calculation:
DN 1 DN
Let h be the height of the tower. DCN,sin 30 =  =  DN = 500 m
Also, AB = ED = 10 m DC 2 1000

AM 3 AM
ADM,sin 60 =  =  AM = 500 3 m
AD 2 1000
Total height
= BM + AM + DN + AM = 500 + 500 3 = 500(1 + 3)

In DAE, 16. (b)

DE Calculation:
tan y =
AE Let AB is the light house, C and D are the position of
1 10 two’s ships.
 =
4 AE
 AE = 40 m
Now in CAE,
CE
tan x =
AE
5 CE From right angled ABC,
 =
2 40 AC
40  5 tan 30 =
 CE = = 100 m BC
2 1 90 m
Height of the tower h = CE + ED  =
3 BC
= 100 + 10 = 110 m
 BC = [90  3]m
15. (c) BC = 155.88 m
Again from right angled ACD,
AC
tan 45 =
CD
90 m
1=
CD
Hence, the distance between the two ships
= BC + CD = 245.88 m
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17. (a) h
In ACD, = tan 30
Calculation: x + 60
Let the height of the cliff be h 1
=
h meters and the distance of the cliff from the ship be x + 60 3
x meters.
h 3 = x + 60
3x − x = 60  x = 30
Now, h = 3x
h = 30  3 = 30 1.732
Height = 51.96 m

In right angled QRS, 19. (b)

QR = ST = 10 m, TQ = RS = x m Calculation:
RS Let the height of the tower be x meter and distance
tan 70 =
QR DC = y meter
x
 2.747 =
10m
x = 27.47 m
Hence, the distance of the cliff from the ship =
27.47m
Again in right-angled PRS,
PR
tan 42 =
RS AB = height of flagstaff f =7 m
PR Now in right angled BCD,
 0.9004 =
27.47 BC
PR = [0.9004  27.47]m = 24.73 m = tan 30
CD
PQ = PR + RQ x 1
[24.73 + 10] = 34.73 m =
y 3
Hence, the height of the cliff = 34.73 m
 y = 3x …(i)
18. (b) Also in right angled ACD,
Calculation: AC
= tan 60
Let the height be h CD
In x+y
 = 3
h y
BCD, = tan 60

h
x
x+7= 3 ( 3x ) [from (i)]
= 3
x  x + 7 = 3x  x = 3.5 m
h = 3x
20. (b)
Calculation:
Let ABC be the pole. When broken at B by the wind,
let its top A strike the ground such that
 CDB = 30º
CD = 8 m
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BC
In BCD, tan 30 =
CD
1 BC
=
3 8
8
BC =
3
Again In BCD
CD
cos30 =
BD
3 8
=
2 BD
16
BD =
3
Height of the pole = AC = AB + BC = BD + BC
16 8
= + =8 3m
3 3

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