3.

2 The Importance of Balance Diet

A diet contains all the food classes in the right

quantities that are required by the body
Food pyramid
Ministry of Heath Malaysia
Factors that influence calorific requirement

Body size Age

Work Gender

State of health Climate

 Large body frame need to take a
Body bigger portion of food because they
size need to have more ENERGY
compared to the smaller body frame.
 Students & teenagers need more
Age carbohydrates (for energy) &
protein (for growth) because they
are growing and more active .
 Farmers, labourers &
Occupation
/ fishermen require more
energy because they do
work heavy work.
 Generally, man are more muscular
& do more heavy activities. So
Gender they need bigger portion of foods.
 State People who are sick are weak.
of They require suitable food
Health for their condition.
 People who live in cold climate countries lose
heat quickly compared to the people who live in
Climate hot climate countries. So they need more foods
to maintain body temperature
• Body size People with bigger body size need more
energy than people with smaller body size

• Age Children need more energy than adults

• Work A person who does heavy work needs

more energy than a person who does light
work
• Gender Males need more energy than females

• State of A sick person needs more energy to

health recover

• Climate People in warm countries need less

energy than people in cold countries
• Energy value or calorific value is the total amount
of energy released when 1 gram of food is burned
completely in the body.

1 calorie (cal) = 4.2 joule (J)

1 kilocalories (kcal) = 4.2 kilojoule (kJ)
Example of calculation:
• Calculate the calorific value of a boy’s breakfast as shown
below,
Food Calorific value
Orange juice 44 kcal/ 100ml
Kebab 255 kcal/ 100g
Jam doughnut 287 kcal/ 100g
Mixed salad 24 kcal/ 100g

Answer/ solution

The calorific value of the boy’s breakfast is:

= 44 kcal + 255 kcal + 287 kcal + 24 kcal
= 610 kcal
The Importance of
Maintaining Health
Eat food with less
sugar/salt/oil/fat

No smoking

Do exercise
The importance of maintaining health
• We need to practice a healthy lifestyle such as
eating food with less sugar, oil, and fat.
• We need to exercise and should not smoke to
maintain our health and to reduce the risk of
dangerous disease.
• The existence of various high-calorie foods has
caused more people to be categorized as obese.
 OBESITY
• Obesity is a problem that not only has a negative effect
on the appearance of an individual, but also destroys
health without considering age or background.