MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD
LESSON 1 resemble mineral
PATTERNS AND NUMBERS IN NATURE AND THE WORLD
PATTERN
- is defined as the regular or repeated way in
which something happens or is done
What is Mathematics
- “We have developed a formal system of thought for
reorganizing, classifying, and exploring patterns called
mathematics”. (Stewart, p.1)
- Mathematics is the science that deals with the logic of
shape, quantity and arrangement.
-Mathematics is an art of patterns and connections
embedded in nature and in our environment.
MATHEMATICS IS A/AN
 ART
 STUDY OF PATTERNS
 LANGUAGE
 PROCESS OF THINKING
 SET OF PROBLEM-SOLVING TOOLS
Different Collected Patterns and Regularities found in
Nature Patterns in Nature
Symmetries
- are when different sides of something are alike.
The symmetry may be broken on one thing but
part of it is still there and creates a pattern
which makes nature more beautiful and
fascinating.
FRACTAL
- is a detailed pattern that looks similar at any
scale and repeats itself over time
- Is a rough or fragmented geometric shape that
can be subdivided in parts, each of which is (at
least approximately) a reduce/size copy of the
whole
- Fractals are formed from these examples of
chaotic equations in our universe.
TESSELATION
- are pattern that are formed by repeated cubes
or tiles. Sunflower is a tessellations found in
nature. Other example are: pineapple, turtle,
honeycomb.
Foam
- At the scale of living cells, foam patterns are
common, radiolarians, sponge spicules,
silicoflagellate exoskeletons and the calcite
skeleton of a sea urchin, Cidaris rugosa, all
casts of Plateau foam
boundaries
SPIRAL
- is just like a pinecone seeds, the cactus plant,
the formation of tree branches and their
leaves, rivers maps, water drops and bubbles
STRIPE
- A stripe is a line or band that differs in color or
tone from an adjacent area. Stripes are a
group of such lines
CRACK
- Are linear openings that form in materials to
relieve stress.
Mathematics helps us unravel the puzzles of nature,
organizes patterns and regularities as well as
irregularities, and enables us to make predictions.
Mathematics also helps us control weather and
epidemics. It also provides tools for calculations, and
provides new questions to think about.
 JOSEPH PLATEU- Belgian physicist-examined
soap films(19th century)
 D’ARCY THOMPSON- pioneered the study of
growth patterns in both plants and animals
 ALAN TURING (20th century) ( british
mathematoician) – predicted mechanisms of
morphogenesis which give rise to patterns of
spots and stripes
 ARISTID LINDENMAYER- hungurian bologist
 BENOIT MANDELBROT- American
mathematician
 Pythagoras (c. 570-c. 495 BC) explained
patterns in nature like the harmonies of music
as arising from number, which he took to be
the basic constituent of existence.
 Plato (c. 4two7-c. 347 BC) argued for the
existence of natural universals
 Centuries later, Leonardo da Vinci (145two-
1519) noted the spiral arrangement of leaf
patterns, that tree trunks gain successive rings
as they age, and proposed a rule purportedly
satisfied by the cross-sectional areas of tree-
branches.
 Johannes Kepler (1571-1630) pointed out the
presence of the Fibonacci sequence in nature,
using it to explain the pentagonal form of
some flowers.
  Charles Bonnet observed that the spiral
phyllotaxis of plants were frequently
expressed in both clockwise and counter-
clockwise golden ratio series.
 , German psychologist Adolf Zeising explored
the golden ratio expressed in the arrangement
of plant parts, the skeletons of animals and
the branching patterns of their veins and
nerves, as well as in crystals.
 Leonardo Fibonacci introduced the Fibonacci
sequence to the western world with his book
Liber Abaci. Fibonacci presented a thought
experiment on the growth of an idealized
rabbit population.
 The Belgian physicist Joseph Plateau (1801-
1883) formulated the mathematical problem
formulating Plateau’s laws which describe the
structures formed by films in foams.
 Ernst Haeckel (1834-1919) painted beautiful
illustrations of marine organisms, in particular
Radiolaria, emphasising their symmetry to
support his faux-Darwinian theories of
evolution.
 The American photographer Wilson Bentley
took the first micrograph of a snowflake in
1885.
What is Mathematics About?
 Numbers, symbols, notations
 Operations, equations, and functions
 Processes and “thingification” (The fact or
process
How is Mathematics Done?
► Mathematics is done with curiosity, with a
penchant for seeking patterns and
generalities, with the desire to know the
truth, with trial and error, without fear of
facing more questions and problems to solve
MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD
LESSON 2
FIBONACCI SEQUENCE
FIBONACCI SEQUENCE
 Fibonacci discovered that the number of pairs
of rabbits for any month after the first two
months
 is the series of numbers: 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13,
21, 34, ... Wherein the next number is found
by adding up the two numbers before it
TYPES OF NUMBER PATTERNS IN MATH
Arithmetic Sequence
 the difference between consecutive terms is
always the same.
 subtract it by the previous one
Geometric Sequence.
 A geometric sequence is a list of numbers that
are multiplied (or divided) by the same
amount.
Triangular Numbers or triangle numbers
 Counts objects arranged in an equilateral
triangle.
Square Numbers or perfect square
 is an integer that is the square of an integer;
in other words, it is the product of some
integer with itself.
CubeNumbers
 is a number multiplied by itself 3 times. This
can also be called a number cubed
FibonacciNumbers
 is a series of numbers in which each number is
the sum of the two preceding numbers. The
simplest is the series 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, etc.
  Mathematics can help us control nature and
MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD occurences in the world for our own good
through mathematical modelling
LESSON 3

FUNCTIONALITY OF MATHEMATICCS

Mathematics is for Organization

Mathematics is for Prediction

Mathematics is for Control

A. MATHEMATICS IS FOR ORGANIZATION

What is the role of Mathematics in the development

of the society?

 Mathematics has a vital and unique role in the

human societies and represents a strategic key
in the development of the whole mankind.
 Mathematics is the solution for all the
problems concerning about the pattern,
regularities, and numbers. All patterns were
organized since the beginning, and regularities
are involved when revealed in the world.
Thus, all living things around us had patterns
and regularities

B. Mathematics for Prediction

 How can we say that Mathematics can help

predict the behavior of nature and
phenomena in the world?

 Using mathematical tools we create models

which correspond to what we can measure
and observe in the world of reality
 Weather forecasting is the application of
science and technology to predict the
conditions of the atmosphere for a given
location and time. Human beings have
attempted to predict the weather informally
for millennia and formally since the 19th
century.
 Global Circulation Models (GCMs) describe
the interactions between oceans and
atmosphere to look at what the average
conditions could be in decades to come.

Mathematics for Control

How can mathematics help us control nature for our
own ends?