Hafsa Khan

18002316014
BTD
Submitted to: Sir Umair Mukhtar
Knitting
Knitting is a method in which yarn is used in order to create fabric which is further
used for making of garments. It is either done by hand or by machine.

Knitting creates stitches: loops of yarn in a row, either flat or in the round
(tubular).

Faults of Knitting in Fabric

 Hole mark:
Holes appear on the fabric as result of breakage of yarn. During formation
of loop, the yarn breaks in rejoin of needle hook. It can be also caused if
yarn count is not correct on structure, gauge, and density. It is also caused
by when yarn feeder is badly set.

Remedy:
It can be corrected by using proper count of yarn. Correct setting of yarn
feeder should be done. The strength of yarn should be good so that it can
bear suitable pressure and tension along with working with uniformity.
 Needle mark:
Needle mark appears on the fabric when needle used in knitting machine

breaks or slightly bends.

Remedy:
Needle should be kept straight as well as from broken latch. Bent needle
should be replaced with the new needle.

 Star mark:
It is caused by yarn tension caused during production. It is caused due to
buckling of needle latch and due to low gsm fabric production.
 Remedy:
This can be reduced by maintaining the yarn tension during production. It
can be also minimized by using of good conditioned needles.

 Drop Stitches:
It is caused when needle is defective. It is also caused due to improper yarn
tension. It is also caused when yarn is not properly fed during formation of
loop i.e. not properly laid on the needle hook.

Remedy:
Proper feeding of yarn should be done during formation of loop. Needle
should be kept straight and well. The tension of yarn should be kept
perfect.

 Oil Stain:
When oil goes through the needle trick, then it passes on fabric and makes
a line.
 Remedy:
It can be minimized by making sure that the oil doesn’t passes on the
fabric. Well maintenance along with proper oiling.

 Pin Hole:
Due to break down or bend of the latch, pin hole may come in the fabric.

Remedy:
It can be minimized by changing of needle.

 Fly dust:
In knitting section too many short fibers are flying in to and fro motion that
are created from yarn due to low twist as well as yarn friction. These fibers
are called lint attaches to the fabric surface during production.

Remedy:
By cleaning of floor continuously, it can minimize this problem. It can be
minimized by using ducting system for cleaning too much lint in the floor.
 Blowing air for cleaning after certain period of time can also help in this
matter.

 Yarn contamination:
If yarn contains foreign fiber then it remains in the fabric even after
finishing. Count mixing occurs.

Remedy:
It can be minimized by avoiding count mixing.

 Patta:
It can be occurred due to yarn tension variation and yarn count variation.

Remedy:
Proper yarn count & tension should be maintained.

 Yarn Miss:
It is occurred due to yarn breakage due to any reason and not passing
through the yarn guide. It may be occur for tension variation.

Remedy:
Yarn guide and tensioner must be used.

 Lycra and cotton mixed:

Fault is visible when lycra and cotton yarns are twisted.

Remedy:
It is corrected by correction of lycra path and yarn guide.

 Uneven Dyeing:
Uneven dyeing is also a fault seen in knitted fabric due to which difference
in color occurs.
Remedy:
This can be minimized by making sure that the dye on fabric is done with all
of sufficient requirements and correct conditions i.e. temperature of water,
selection of right dye by keeping in view type of yarn used and giving right
time for dyeing etc.
Knitting Assignment