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4 Lakhmir Singh and Manjit Kaur - Sound - 2 - Science Class 8 PDF Download
4 Lakhmir Singh and Manjit Kaur - Sound - 2 - Science Class 8 PDF Download
Q.39. Name the characteristic of sound which enables us to distinguish between a man’s
voice and a woman’s voice even without seeing them.
The pitch of the sound enables us to distinguish between a man’s voice and a woman’s voice
even without seeing them.
Q.40. Arrange the following sounds in the order of increasing frequencies (keeping the sound
of lowest frequency first) :
(i) Baby’s voice
(ii) Man’s voice
(iii) Woman’s voice
The following sounds in the order of increasing frequencies :
Man’s voice
Woman’s voice
Baby’s voice
Q.43. Name the characteristic of sound which can distinguish between the ‘notes’ (musical
sounds) played on a flute and a sitar (both the notes having the same pitch and loudness).
The tone of the sound will distinguish between the ‘notes’ (musical sounds) played on a flute
and a sitar (both the notes having the same pitch and loudness).
Q.45. What is the name of very high frequency sounds which cannot be heard by the human
ear?
Ultrasonic waves are the name of very high frequency sounds which cannot be heard by the
human ear.
Q.46. Why do we not hear the screams of a bat?
We cannot hear the screams of a bat because its frequency is higher than 20,000Hz.
Q.47. Which of the following frequency of sound can be heard by a dog but not by a man?
(a) 50,000 hertz
(b) 15,000 hertz.
50,000Hz can be heard by dog but not human being.
Q.52. Describe how sound is produced by the human voice box (or larynx).
In humans, the sound is produced by the box, which is called voice box or the larynx. Larynx
is a part of the throat. It is responsible for production of sound. It has two vocal cord which
are stretched across the voice box or larynx in such a way that it leaves a narrow slit
between them for the air. When the lungs force the air through the slit, the vocal cords
vibrate, producing sound.
Q.53. What is the frequency of the sound produced when the vocal cords are:
(a) tight and thin?
(b) loose and thick?
(a) The frequency produced by tight and thin vocal chords is quite high. i.e. its high pitch
sound.
(b) The frequency produced by loose and thick vocal chords is quite low i.e. its low pitch
sound.
Q.54. Why are the voices of men, women and children different?
The length of vocal chords varies in all these three, which is the main reason for different
voices. Men have the longest vocal chords, while female have little shorter vocal chords
than men and children have the smallest vocal chords.
Q.55. If you want to hear a train approaching from far away, why is it more convenient to put
the ear to the track?
It is more convenient to put the ear to the track, If you want to hear a train approaching
from far away because we can hear the vibrations from the ground when we put our ear at
the track.
Q.56. State one observation from everyday life which shows that sound travels much more
slower than light.
In case of thunder, we see the lightening first and then the sound of thunder. This is
because, the velocity of light in air is while the velocity of sound in air is 343 m/s.
Q.57. Explain why, the flash of lightning is seen first but the sound of thunder is heard a little
later (though lightning and thunder take place in the sky at the same time and same distance
from us).
The flash of lightning is seen first but the sound of thunder is heard a little later though
lightning and thunder take place in the sky at the same time and same distance from us,
because, the velocity of light in air is while the velocity of sound in air is 343 m/s. Thus, we
can see light first and thunder sound later.
Q.58. Name the object (or part) which vibrates to produce sound in the following musical
instruments:
(a) Sitar
(b) Dholak
(c) Flute
(d) Cymbals
(e) Veena
(f) Tabla
(a) Strings
(b) Diaphragm – Membrane
(c) Air column
(d) The metal plates
(e) Strings
(f) Diaphragm – Membrane
Q.59. Name one musical instrument each in which the sound is produced:
(a) by vibrating a stretched string.
(b) by vibrating air enclosed in a tube.
(c) by vibrating a stretched membrane
(d) by vibrating metal plates.
(a) Veena
(b) Flute
(c) Table
(d) Cymbals
Q.61. Which of the sounds having the following frequencies can be heard by the human
beings and which cannot?
(a) 6 hertz
(b) 5000 hertz
(c) 10000 hertz
(d) 35000 hertz
(e) 18kHz
(a) Cannot be heard because human being can hear within the range 20Hz to 20,000Hz
(b) Can be heard because human being can hear within the range 20Hz to 20,000Hz
(c) Can be heard because human being can hear within the range 20Hz to 20,000Hz
(d) Cannot be heard because human being can hear within the range 20Hz to 20,000Hz
(e) Can be heard because human being can hear within the range 20Hz to 20,000Hz
Q.62.
(A) What is the upper limit of frequency of human hearing?
20,000Hz is the upper limit of frequency of human hearing.
Q.63.
(A) What is a vibration (or an oscillation)? Define ‘amplitude’ of vibration of an object.
The to- and – fro motion of an object in a medium is called vibration.
Amplitude is the largest distance from the mean position of the object.
(B) What is the frequency of a vibrating body whose time-period is 0.05 second?
Time Period has given by the inverse of the frequency.
Q.64.
(A) State two methods of producing sound.
Two methods of producing sound are:
Beating the plate and spoon against each other.
Playing guitar.
(B) How does sound from a sound producing body travel through air to reach our ears?
The air particles near the sound producing body vibrate and exchange energy, which is
received by our ears and we are able to hear the sounds.
Q.65.
(A) Why a sound cannot be heard on the moon?
Because moon does not have any atmosphere and sound its does not have any medium for
sound to travel as sound does not travel in vacuum.
(B) How do astronauts talk to one another on the surface of moon and why?
The astronauts have sound transmitting devices in the helmets they wear which help them
exchange sound waves with one-another. This is because moon does not have any
atmosphere and sound its does not have any medium for sound to travel as sound does not
travel in vacuum.
Q.66
(A) What is meant by the (a) ‘pitch’ of sound, and (b) ‘quality’ of sound?
The sensation of frequency is called “pitch” The high frequency indicates high pitch and
vice-versa.
(B) Calculate the time period of a pendulum which is vibrating with a frequency of 10 hertz.
Time Period given by the inverse of the frequency.
Q.68
(A) How can you show that a sounding tabla is vibrating?
We can feel the vibration of table membrane when we hit it to produce sound.
Q.69. When we put our ear to a railway line, we can hear the sound of an approaching train
even when the train is far off but its sound cannot be heard through the air. Why?
Because the track is made of metals and sounds travel faster in solids than air. Thus, we can
hear the sound of an approaching train even when the train is far off but its sound cannot be
heard through the air.
Q.70. Why sound cannot travel through vacuum (or through outer space)?
Because sound needs material medium to transfer energy from on particle to another
particle. If there is vacuum, then no energy transfer takes place.