Name (SN, FN, MI): Output Code: CENUMES313_P1M PRACTICE PROBLEM

Course, Yr & Sec: BSCE- Date of Subm.:

Subject: CENUMES313 Instructor: Engr. Francis Cayanan SCORE
GENERAL NOTE:
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EXAM PROPER:
PROBLEM 1: GAUSSIAN ELIMINATION METHOD

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PROBLEM 2: GAUSSIAN ELIMINATION METHOD

PROBLEM 3: CRAMER’S RULE

Albus Percival Wulfric Brian Dumbledore wanted to know the prices of several school items in Diagon Alley. Because
of a certain “thing” within the magical world, the Ministry of Magic banned him from Apparating, so he could not go to
the Diagon Alley and ask the prices himself. So, Professor Dumbledore asked his favorite Gryffindor students to buy
some items for him. He gave Harry, Ron, and Hermione individual list of items to buy. Harry bought 3 cauldrons, 3
wands, and 2 broomstricks which cost him 1075 Galleons. Next, Ron bought 2 cauldrons, a wand, and a broomstick.
Ron paid a total of 500 Galleons. Lastly, Hermione bought 6 cauldrons, 2 wands, and a broomstick which cost her 950
Galleons.
(a) Setup the system of linear algebraic equations by letting the cauldron, wand, and broomstick be 𝒙𝟏 ,
𝒙𝟐 , and 𝒙𝟑 , respectively. (NOTE: Use Harry, Ron, and Hermione as Equations 1, 2, 3, respectively.)
(b) Convert the resulting system of linear algebraic equations into its matrix notation 𝑨𝒙 = 𝑩. (NOTE:
Column vector 𝒙 must have the following elements in order: 𝒙𝟏 , 𝒙𝟐 , 𝒙𝟑 .)
(c) Setup the matrices 𝑨𝟏 , 𝑨𝟐 , and 𝑨𝟑 by replacing the first, second, and third columns of matrix 𝑨,
respectively, with the column vector 𝑩. Then, solve for the determinants of all formed square matrices
using the diagonal method. (NOTE: Label each matrix properly and indicate the value of the
determinant for each.)
(d) Solve for the costs of each individual items.

SOLUTION:
Cramer’s Rule
3𝑥1 + 3𝑥2 + 2𝑥3 = 1075
{ 2𝑥1 + 𝑥2 + 𝑥3 = 500
6𝑥1 + 2𝑥2 + 𝑥3 = 950

Convert to Matrix Notation

3 3 2 𝑥1 1075
𝐴𝑥 = 𝑏 → [2 1 1] [𝑥2 ] = [ 500 ]
6 2 1 𝑥3 950

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Solve for the determinant of the original matrix A.
3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3
𝐴 = [2 1 1] → |𝐴| = |2 1 1| 2 1=5
6 2 1 6 2 1 6 2

Formulate three new matrices and solve their determinants

1075 3 2 1075 3 2 1075 3
𝐴1 = [ 500 1 1] → |𝐴1 | = | 500 1 1| 500 1 = 375
950 2 1 950 2 1 950 2
3 1075 2 3 1075 2 3 1075
𝐴2 = [2 500 1] → |𝐴2 | = |2 500 1| 2 500 = 750
6 950 1 6 950 1 6 950
3 3 1075 3 3 1075 3 3
𝐴3 = [2 1 500 ] → |𝐴3 | = |2 1 500 | 2 1 = 1000
6 2 950 6 2 950 6 2

Solve for the values of the unknown variables

|𝐴1 | 375
𝑥1 = = = 𝟕𝟓
|𝐴| 5
|𝐴2 | 750
𝑥2 = = = 𝟏𝟓𝟎
|𝐴| 5
|𝐴3 | 1000
𝑥3 = = = 𝟐𝟎𝟎
|𝐴| 5

A cauldron costs 75 Galleons.

A wand costs 150 Galleons.
A broomstick costs 200 Galleons.

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