Introductory Statistics 2nd Edition Gould Test Bank

Introductory Statistics 2nd Edition
Gould Test Bank

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MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Fill in the blank to complete the statement.

1) The collection of the ages of all the U.S. first ladies when they married is a . 1)
A) Sample B) Population C) Parameter D) Statistic
2) Suppose that the age of all the U.S. first ladies when they married was recorded. The mean age of 2)
U.S. first ladies when they married would be a .
A) Parameter B) Statistic C) Sample D) Population
3) Researchers are interested in learning more about the age of women when they marry for the first 3)
time so they survey 500 married or divorced women and ask them how old they were when they
first married. The collection of the ages of the 500 women when they first
married is a .
A) Sample B) Parameter C) Statistic D) Population
4) Suppose that the age of all the U. S. vice presidents when they took office was recorded. The 4)
collection of the ages of all the U. S. vice presidents when they took office is a .
A) Population B) Statistic C) Parameter D) Sample
5) The mean age of all the U. S. vice presidents when they took office would be a . 5)
A) Parameter B) Population C) Sample D) Statistic
6) Researchers are interested in learning more about the age of men when they marry for the first 6)
time so they survey 500 married or divorced men and ask them how old they were when they first
married. The mean of age of the 500 men when they married for the first time would be a
.
A) Population B) Parameter C) Sample D) Statistic
7) Researchers want to find out which U. S. movie has the most positive audience reaction for the 7)
current week. As they exited a randomly selected movie theater, movie-goers were asked to give
the movie they had just viewed a letter grade of A, B, C, D, or F. In this scenario, the movie-goers
are an example of a .
A) Sample B) Variable C) Population
Solve the problem.

8) The deacons at a local church surveyed the congregation to find out if members would be willing 8)
to fund a new construction project. In this example, what is the population of interest?
A) The deacons B) The survey respondents
C) The congregation D) None of these
Answer the question.

9) A magazine publisher mails a survey to every subscriber asking about the timeliness of its 9)
subscription service. The publisher finds that only 6% of the subscribers responded. This 6%
represents what?
A) The population B) The sample
1
10) A magazine publisher always mails out a questionnaire six months before a subscription ends. 10)
This questionnaire asks its subscribers if they are going to renew their subscriptions. On average,
only 4% of the subscribers respond to the questionnaire. Of the 4% who do respond, an average of
48% say that they will renew their subscription. This 4% who respond to the questionnaire are
known as what?
A) The population B) The sample
11) A computer network manager wants to test the reliability of some new and expensive fiber-optic 11)
Ethernet cables that the computer department just received. The computer department received
10 boxes containing 20 cables each. The manager does not have the time to test every cable in each
box. The manager will choose one box at random and test 4 cables chosen randomly within that
box. What is the population?
A) The 4 cables chosen randomly for testing
B) The one box that was chosen at random from the 10 boxes
C) The 10 boxes
D) 200 cables
12) A computer network manager wants to test the reliability of some new and expensive fiber-optic 12)
Ethernet cables that computer department just received. The computer department received 9
boxes containing 20 cables each. The manager does not have the time to test every cable in each
box. The manager will choose one box at random and test 4 cables chosen randomly within that
box. What is the sample?
A) 180 cables
B) The 4 cables chosen for testing
C) The 9 boxes
D) The one box that was chosen at random from the 9 boxes
Solve the problem.

13) All daily maximum temperatures in August last year for all major U.S. cities were recorded. The 13)
mean of all maximum temperatures would be a _____________.
A) Statistic B) Sample C) Parameter D) Population
14) Understand survey terminology] Researchers are interested in learning more about the age of 14)
young adults who watch a certain television program. By interviewing people at a shopping mall,
they can identify people who watch this show. The collection of the ages of these young adults
who watch this television program is a _____________.
A) Parameter B) Statistic C) Population D) Sample
15) A factory manager is monitoring the quality of production of a small battery powered toy. The 15)
factory produces 600 toys in an hour. Thirty toys are tested from each hour's production. Which
one of the following statements is the most accurate?
A) The toys being tested are the sample. The factory's total production is the population.
B) The toys being tested are the sample and the sample size is 30. All toys produced in that hour
is the population.
C) The toys being tested are the population. All toys produced in that hour is the sample and the
sample size is 600.
D) None of these statements accurately describe this situation.
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
16) Explain the difference between a population and a sample. Give an example of each. 16)
2
17) Describe the importance of how survey questions are phrased – in particular, the effect on 17)
the sample results. Explain how such a sample may not be reflective of the population.
18) Frances is interested in whether students at his college would like to see a portion of the campus 18)
preserved as green space. Using student numbers, he randomly contacts 300 students and receives
a response from 75. Of those who responded, 64% favored the preservation of green space on
campus. This scenario is describing what type of sampling bias?
A) Survey bias B) Voluntary response bias
C) Measurement bias D) Nonresponse bias
19) Max is interested in whether there is community interest in having local musicians perform music 19)
in the park in the evenings during the summer. Max goes to the park for several evenings in a row
and asks people visiting the park whether they would like to hear music in the evening. Out of the
200 people he surveys, 58% respond favorably. This scenario is describing what type of sampling
bias?
A) Survey bias B) Measurement bias
C) Nonresponse bias D) Voluntary response bias
Provide an appropriate response.

20) The government of a town needs to determine if the city's residents will support the construction 20)
of a new town hall. The government decides to conduct a survey of a sample of the city's residents.
Which one of the following procedures would be most appropriate for obtaining a sample of the
town's residents?
A) Survey a random sample of employees at the old city hall.
B) Survey the first 200 people listed in the town's telephone directory.
C) Survey a random sample of persons within each geographic region of the city.
D) Survey every 12th person who walks into city hall on a given day.
21) The city council of a small town needs to determine if the town's residents will support the 21)
building of a new library. The council decides to conduct a survey of a sample of the town's
residents. Which one of the following procedures would be most appropriate for obtaining a
sample of the town's residents?
A) Survey every 12th person who enters the old library on a given day.
B) Survey a random sample of librarians who live in the town.
C) Survey a random sample of persons within each neighborhood of the town.
D) Survey 300 individuals who are randomly selected from a list of all people living in the state
in which the town is located.
22) Before opening a new dealership, an auto manufacturer wants to gather information about car 22)
ownership and driving habits of the local residents. The marketing manager of the company
randomly selects 1000 households from all households in the area and mails a questionnaire to
them. Of the 1000 surveys mailed, she receives 70 back. Determine the type of bias.
A) Nonresponse bias B) Voluntary response bias
C) Survey bias D) Measurement bias
3
Solve the problem.
23) A researcher is interested in knowing how many students of a particular college would be 23)
interested in having a sandwich shop open within a block of campus. She surveys 300 students on
campus at different times of day by asking students randomly if they would answer a few
questions. She receives a response from 35. Of those who responded, 65% favored having a
sandwich shop within a block of campus. This scenario describes sampling bias. Which statement
most accurately describes the bias?
I. The researcher asked only one question which results in bias.
II. The students voluntarily responded which could result in bias.
III. Not enough students responded which can result in bias.
A) both II and III B) II only C) I only D) III only
24) Max organizes weekly concerts in the local park. He is interested in knowing what type of music 24)
people enjoy. Before one particular concert, he makes an announcement to the audience, and asks
people to visit a web page and take a survey to vote on whether or not they liked the concert. 75
people take the survey, and 58% respond favorably. Max claims that 58% of all of those who were
at the concert liked the music. This scenario describes sampling bias. Which statement most
accurately describes the bias in Max's method?
I. The Max asked only one question which results in bias.
II. The attendees voluntarily responded which could result in bias.
III. Not enough attendees responded which can result in bias.
A) III only B) II only C) both II and III D) I only
25) Explain the difference between a statistic and a parameter. Give an example of each. 25)
26) Frederick is interested in whether residents of his community are opposed to the 26)
construction of a party store on the corner of a busy intersection. He randomly polls 150
residents in the community and receives responses from 55 residents. Of those who
responded, 60% were opposed to the construction of the party store in the community so
Frederick concludes that the majority of residents in his community oppose the
construction of the party store. Explain what is wrong with this approach.
27) If it is being used to make inferences about a population, a good statistic (or estimator) should 27)
A) Be accurate and precise. B) Be derived from population data.
C) Show correlation. D) None of these.
28) Which of the following statements is not true about a sampling distribution? 28)
A) It tells us how often we can expect to see particular values of our estimator.
B) It is the probability distribution of a statistic.
C) It is used for making inferences about a population.
D) All these statements are true.
29) Which of the following statements is not true about a sampling distribution? 29)
A) It is the probability distribution of a statistic.
B) It is used for making inferences about a sample.
C) It gives characteristics of the estimator, such as bias and precision.
D) It gives probabilities for a statistic.
4
30) According to a snack cracker manufacturer, a batch of butter crackers has a defect rate of 8%. 30)
Suppose a quality inspector randomly inspects 500 crackers. Complete the following statement:
The quality inspector should expect defective crackers, give or take
crackers.
A) 60; 16 B) 60; 12 C) 40; 6 D) 40; 16
31) According to a snack cracker manufacturer, a batch of butter crackers has a defect rate of 6%. 31)
Suppose a quality inspector randomly inspects 400 crackers. Complete the following statement:
The quality inspector should expect defective crackers, give or take
crackers.
A) 25; 12 B) 48; 5 C) 24; 5 D) 45; 6
32) There are four colors in a bag containing 500 plastic chips. It is known that 28% of the chips are 32)
green. On average, how many chips from a random sample of 50 (with replacement) would be
expected to be green?
A) 18
B) 14
C) Not enough information to determine expected value.
D) 28
33) There are four colors in a bag containing 600 plastic chips. It is known that 34% of the chips are 33)
yellow. On average, how many chips from a random sample of 30 (with replacement) would be
expected to be yellow? Round to the nearest whole chip.
A) About 16
B) Not enough information to determine expected value.
C) About 5
D) About 10
Use the following information to answer the question. A pescatarian is a person who eats fish and seafood but no other
animal. An event planner does some research and finds that approximately 2.75% of the people in the area where a
large event is to be held are pescatarian. Treat the 250 guests expected at the event as a simple random sample from the
local population of about 150,000.
34) On average, what proportion of the guests would be expected to be pescatarian, give or take how 34)
many? Round to the nearest whole person.
A) 6 people, give or take 5 people
B) 7 people, give or take 3 people
C) There is not enough information given to calculate expected value.
D) 8 people, give or take 4 people
Use the following information to answer the question. A pollotarian is a person who eats poultry but no red meat. A
wedding planner does some research and finds that approximately 3.5% of the people in the area where a large
wedding is to be held are pollotarian. Treat the 300 guests expected at the wedding as a simple random sample from the
35) On average, what proportion of the guests would be expected to be pollotarian, give or take how 35)
many? Round to the nearest whole person.
A) 15 people, give or take 4 people
B) There is not enough information given to calculate expected value.
C) 11 people, give or take 3 people
D) 20 people, give or take 5 people
5
Use the following information to answer the question. In a recent poll of 1100 randomly selected home delivery truck
drivers, 26% said they had encountered an aggressive dog on the job at least once.
36) What is the standard error for the estimate of the proportion of all home delivery truck drivers 36)
who have encountered an aggressive dog on the job at least once? Round to the nearest
ten-thousandth.
A) 0.1322 B) 0.0132 C) 0.0141 D) 0.0002
Use the following information to answer the question. In a recent poll of 1200 randomly selected adult office workers,
32% said they had worn a Halloween costume to the office at least once.
37) What is the standard error for the estimate of the proportion of all American adult office workers 37)
that have worn a Halloween costume to the office? Round to the nearest ten-thousandth.
A) 0.0143 B) 0.0135 C) 0.4672 D) 0.0002
Solve the problem.

38) If you use an instrument to measure 1 ml of water and do it 3 times, weighing the water each time, 38)
you get 0.751, 0.753, and 0.750 grams. One ml of water should weigh 1.0 grams. The
measurements are _________.
A) precise but not accurate B) both precise and accurate
C) accurate but not precise D) neither precise nor accurate
39) Which of the following statements is characteristics of the sampling distribution of a sample 39)
proportion?
A) The mean of the sampling distribution is the same as the mean of the population from which
the data were sampled.
B) The standard deviation of the sampling distribution is the same as the standard deviation of
the population from which the data were sampled.
C) It cannot be used for making inferences about a population.
D) It is the probability distribution of a parameter.
^
40) The bias of p is zero if certain conditions are met. Identify which condition is not required. 40)
I. The sample is randomly selected from the population of interest.
II. The population must be at least 100 times bigger than the sample size.
III. The standard error of the sampling distribution is the same as the standard deviation of the
population.
IV. The mean of the sampling distribution is the mean of the population from which the data
were sampled.
A) I only B) I and IV C) II only D) II and III
41) A survey recently reported that 35% of U.S. citizens believe that we never landed on the moon. 41)
The pertinent question in the survey was "Do you think it was possible or impossible that the event
of the U.S. landing on the moon never happened?" Select the most accurate statement about this
survey.
A) The question worded in a confusing way caused response bias.
B) The results are significant.
C) The question worded in a confusing way caused sampling bias.
D) The question worded in a confusing way caused measurement bias.
42) A sampling method should be as precise and accurate as possible. Explain what these two 42)
terms mean and how each is measured.
6
Provide an appropriate response.

43) What generally happens to the sampling error as the sample size is decreased? 43)
A) It gets smaller. B) It gets less predictable.
C) It gets more predictable. D) It gets larger.
Solve the problem.

44) A group of screwdrivers produced in a day at a particular factory has a defect rate of 0.7%. 44)
Suppose a quality inspector randomly inspects 500 screwdrivers. Complete the following
statement: The quality inspector should expect ____defective screwdrivers, with an error of ____.
A) 3.5; 0.4% B) 35; 0.4% C) 1; 4.0% D) 1; 0.4%
45) A group of battery powered toys produced in a day at a factory has a defect rate of 0.5%. Suppose 45)
a quality inspector randomly inspects 200 of the toys. Complete the following statement: The
quality inspector should expect ____defective toys, with an error of ____.
A) 10; 0.5% B) 1; 5% C) 1; 0.5% D) 10; 5%
46) There are five colors available in each bag of Skittles. It is known that the 18% of the Skittles are 46)
red. On average, how many Skittles from a random sample of 40 (with replacement) would be
expected to be red? Round to the nearest whole Skittle.
A) About 16 B) About 7 C) About 1 D) About 8
A marble manufacturer advertises that its bags of marbles will contain 25% "milky-white" marbles. Suppose that a bag
containing 80 marbles is inspected.
47) What value should we expect for our sampling percentage of milky-white marbles? How 47)
many marbles would this be? Round to the nearest whole marble.
48) What is the standard error? Round to the nearest tenth of a percent. 48)
49) Use your answers to fill in the blanks: We expect ________% milky-white marbles, give or 49)
take ________%.
Solve the problem.

50) Suppose that New Mexico lawmakers survey 160 randomly selected registered voters to see if they 50)
favor stricter laws regarding motorcycle helmet use for riders over the age of 17. The lawmakers
believe the population proportion in favor of changing the law is 6% (based on historical data and
previous votes). Which of the following conditions for the Central Limit theorem are not met?
A) The population proportion is too small and will not have enough expected successes.
B) The population proportion is too small and will not have enough expected failures.
C) Relative to the population, the sample is not large enough.
D) None of these, all the conditions of the CLT are met.
7
51) Suppose that Illinois lawmakers survey 130 randomly selected registered voters to see if they favor 51)
charging a deposit on aluminum cans to encourage recycling. The lawmakers believe the
population proportion in favor of changing the law is 93% (based on historical data and previous
votes). Which of the following conditions for the Central Limit theorem are not met?
A) Relative to the population, the sample is not large enough.
C) The population proportion is too small and will not have enough expected successes.
Use the following information to answer the question. A pollotarian is a person who eats poultry but no red meat. A
wedding planner does some research and finds that approximately 3.5% of the people in the area where a large
wedding is to be held are pollotarian. Treat the 300 guests expected at the wedding as a simple random sample from the
52) Suppose the wedding planner assumes that 5% of the guests will be pollotarian so she orders 15 52)
pollotarian meals. What is the approximate probability that more than 5% of the guests are
pollotarian and therefore she will not have enough pollotarian meals? Round to the nearest
thousandth.
A) 0.079 B) 0.489 C) 0.421 D) None of these
53) Suppose the wedding planner assumes that only 3% of the guests will be pollotarian so she orders 53)
9 pollotarian meals. What is the approximate probability that she will have too many pollotarian
meals? Round to the nearest thousandth.
A) 0.477 B) 0.319 C) 0.681 D) 0.251
Use the following information to answer the question. A pescatarian is a person who eats fish and seafood but no other
animal. An event planner does some research and finds that approximately 2.75% of the people in the area where a
large event is to be held are pescatarian. Treat the 250 guests expected at the event as a simple random sample from the
54) Suppose the event planner assumes that 4% of the guests will be pescatarian so he orders 10 54)
pescatarian meals. What is the approximate probability that more than 4% of the guests are
pescatarian and that he will not have enough pescatarian meals? Round to the nearest
thousandth.
A) 0.387 B) 0.470 C) 0.113 D) None of these
55) Suppose the event planner assumes that only 1.6% of the guests will be pescatarian so he orders 4 55)
pescatarian meals. What is the approximate probability that he will have too many pescatarian
meals? Round to the nearest thousandth.
A) 0.613 B) 0.113 C) 0.387 D) 0.245
Solve the problem.

56) It is thought that 10% of all children have some level of nearsightedness. 200 randomly selected 56)
children, selected without replacement, had their eyesight tested. Can the Central Limit Theorem
be used to find a good approximation of the probability that more than 15% of the children will be
nearsighted? Which statement is not true?
I.Relative to the population, the sample is not large enough.
II. The sample does not need to be randomized since all children are likely to have vision
problems.
III. Sample size should be large enough so np>10 and nq>10. This condition is met.
A) I only B) I and II C) I and III D) II and III
8
57) A survey investigates whether residents of a certain city support an educational tax increase. 57)
Which of the following statements are true?
A) The proportions of "Yes" in many samples of size n will be approximately normally
distributed with mean = p and standard deviation equal to the square root of p*(1-p)/n.
B) The proportion of "Yes" in one sample of size n will be close to p if the Central Limit Theorem
conditions are satisfied.
C) The true proportion of "Yes" in the population is p.
D) All of these statements are true.
58) According to the manufacturer of the candy Skittles, 20% of the candy produced are red. If we take 58)
a random sample of 100 bags of Skittles, what is the probability that the proportion in our sample
of red candies will be less than 20%? Which statement, if any, is not true for the conditions to use
the Central Limit Theorem?
A) The success/failure conditions are satisfied.
B) Though not from a random sample, we can assume that the bags are representative of the
population.
C) The sample size is small compared to the population.
D) All of these statements are true.
59) Suppose that Illinois lawmakers survey 130 randomly selected registered voters to see if they favor 59)
charging a deposit on aluminum cans to encourage recycling. The lawmakers believe the
population proportion in favor of changing the law is 93% (based on historical data and previous
votes). Which of the following conditions for the Central Limit theorem are not met?
A) Relative to the population, the sample is not large enough.
C) The population proportion is too small and will not have enough expected successes.
60) According to the manufacturer of the candy Skittles, 25% of the candy produced are green. If we 60)
take a random sample of 10 bags of Skittles, what is the probability that the proportion in our
sample of green candies will be more than 25%? Which statement, if any, is true for the conditions
to use the Central Limit Theorem?
A) Though not from a random sample, we can assume that the bags are representative of the
population.
B) The sample size is small compared to the population.
C) The success/failure conditions may not be satisfied.
D) All of these statements are not true.
61) Suppose that Michigan lawmakers survey 500 randomly selected registered voters to see if 61)
they favor an extension of the fall duck hunting season. The lawmakers believe the
population proportion in favor of extending the duck hunting season is 45% (based on
historical data and previous votes). State the three conditions of the Central Limit
Theorem and explain whether each condition is satisfied in this scenario.
An event planner does some research and finds that in the area where a large children's event is to be held,
approximately 1.75% of the children are lactose intolerant. Treat the 250 children expected at the event as a simple
random sample from the local population of about 100,000 children.
62) On average, how many of the children attending the event would be expected to be 62)
lactose intolerant, give or take how many? Round to the nearest whole person.
9
63) Suppose the event planner assumes that 2.8% of the children attending the event will be 63)
lactose intolerant so he orders 7 lactose-free meals. What is the approximate probability
that more than 2.8% of the children attending the event are lactose intolerant and that he
will not have enough lactose-free meals? Round to the nearest thousandth.
64) Suppose the event planner assumes that only 0.8% of the children attending the event will 64)
be lactose intolerant so he orders 2 lactose-free meals. What is the approximate
probability that he will have too many lactose-free meals? Round to the nearest
thousandth.
Solve the problem.

65) Which of the following statements is true about the confidence interval for a population 65)
proportion?
A) The confidence interval for a proportion will always contain the true population proportion.
B) The confidence interval for a proportion does not need a specified confidence level.
C) It is equal to the sample proportion plus or minus a calculated amount called the margin of
error.
D) It is equal to the population proportion plus or minus a calculated amount called the
standard error.
66) Complete the statement by filling in the blank. When constructing a confidence interval, if the level 66)
of confidence increases the margin of error will and the confidence interval will
be . A larger sample size will improve the accuracy of the confidence interval,
therefore margin of error will and the confidence interval will be
.
A) Decrease, narrower. Increase, wider. B) Increase, wider. Decrease, narrower.
C) Increase, narrower. Decrease, wider. D) Decrease, wider. Increase, narrower
Use the following information to answer the question. In a recent poll of 1200 randomly selected adult office workers,
32% said they had worn a Halloween costume to the office at least once.
67) What is the margin of error, using a 95% confidence level, for estimating the true population 67)
proportion of adult office workers who have worn a Halloween costume to the office at least once?
(Round to the nearest thousandth)
A) 0.013 B) 0.158 C) 0.053 D) 0.026
68) Report the 95% confidence interval for the proportion of all adult office workers who have worn a 68)
Halloween costume to the office at least once. (Round final calculations to the nearest tenth of a
percent)
A) (30.7%, 33.4%) B) (29.4%, 34.6%) C) (28.0%, 36.1%) D) None of these
Use the following information to answer the question. In a recent poll of 1100 randomly selected home delivery truck
drivers, 26% said they had encountered an aggressive dog on the job at least once.
69) What is the margin of error, using a 95% confidence level, for estimating the true population 69)
proportion of home delivery truck drivers who have encountered an aggressive dog on the job at
least once? (Round to the nearest thousandth)
A) 0.004 B) 0.053 C) 0.026 D) 0.013
10
70) Report the 95% confidence interval for the proportion of all home delivery truck drivers who have 70)
encountered an aggressive dog on the job at least once. (Round final calculations to the nearest
tenth of a percent)
A) (20.7%, 31.3%) B) (24.7 %, 27.3%) C) (23.4%, 28.6%) D) None of these
Solve the problem.

71) A random sample of 830 adult television viewers showed that 52% planned to watch sporting 71)
event X. The margin of error is 3 percentage points with a 95% confidence. Does the confidence
interval support the claim that the majority of adult television viewers plan to watch sporting event
X? Why?
A) No; the confidence interval means that we are 95% confident that the population proportion
of adult television viewers who plan to watch sporting event X is between 49% and 55%. The
true proportion could be less than 50%.
B) Yes; the confidence interval means that we are 95% confident that the population proportion
of adult television viewers who plan to watch sporting event X is between 49% and 55%.
Since the confidence interval is mostly above 50% it is likely that the true proportion is
greater than 50%.
C) No; the confidence interval means that we are 95% confident that the population proportion
of adult television viewers who plan to watch sporting event X is between 50.5% and 53.5%.
The lower limit of the confidence interval is just too close to 50% to say for sure.
D) Yes; the confidence interval means that we are 95% confident that the population proportion
of adult television viewers who plan to watch sporting event X is between 50.5% and 53.5%.
This is strong evidence that the true proportion is greater than 50%
72) A random sample of 950 adult television viewers showed that 48% planned to watch sporting 72)
event X. The margin of error is 4 percentage points with a 95% confidence. Does the confidence
interval support the claim that the majority of adult television viewers plan to watch sporting event
X? Why?
A) Yes; the confidence interval means that we are 95% confident that the population proportion
B) No; the confidence interval means that we are 95% confident that the population proportion
C) Yes; the confidence interval means that we are 95% confident that the population proportion
D) No; the confidence interval means that we are 95% confident that the population proportion
73) Suppose that in a recent poll of 1200 adults between the ages of 35 and 45, 38% surveyed said they 73)
have thought about getting elective plastic surgery. Find the 95% confidence interval for the
proportion of adults ages 35 to 45 who have thought about getting elective plastic surgery then
choose the correct interpretation. (Round to the nearest tenth of a percent)
A) There is a 95% chance that the population of adults ages 35 to 45 who have thought about
getting elective plastic surgery is between 35.2% and 40.7%.
B) There is a 95% chance that the population of adults ages 35 to 45 who have thought about
getting elective plastic surgery is between 28.5% and 47.5%.
C) The population proportion of adults ages 35 to 45 who have thought about getting elective
plastic surgery is between 28.5% and 47.5%, with a confidence level of 95%.
D) The population proportion of adults ages 35 to 45 who have thought about getting elective
plastic surgery is between 35.2% and 40.7%, with a confidence level of 95%.
11
74) Suppose that in a recent poll of 900 adults between the ages of 35 and 45, 22% surveyed said they 74)
have thought about participating in an extreme sport such as bungee jumping. Find the 95%
confidence interval for the proportion of adults ages 35 to 45 who have thought about participating
in an extreme sport such as bungee jumping then choose the correct interpretation. (Round to the
nearest tenth of a percent)
A) The population proportion of adults aged 35 to 45 who have thought about participating in
an extreme sport such as bungee jumping is between 13.9% and 30.1%, with a confidence
level of 95%.
B) There is a 95% chance that the population of adults aged 35 to 45 who have thought about
participating in an extreme sport such as bungee jumping is between 19.3% and 24.7%.
C) The population proportion of adults aged 35 to 45 who have thought about participating in
an extreme sport such as bungee jumping is between 19.3% and 24.7%, with a confidence
level of 95%.
D) There is a 95% chance that the population of adults aged 35 to 45 who have thought about
participating in an extreme sport such as bungee jumping is between 13.9% and 30.1%.
Find the required confidence interval.

75) A researcher wishes to estimate the proportion of adults in the city of Darby who are vegetarian. 75)
In a random sample of 1,643 adults from this city, the proportion that are vegetarian is 0.051. Find
a 95% confidence interval for the proportion of all adults in the city of Darby that are vegetarians.
A) (0.0268, 0.0752) B) (0.0456, 0.0564) C) (0.0434, 0.0586) D) (0.0404, 0.0616)
76) In a sample of 1,484 patients who underwent a certain type of surgery, 25% experienced 76)
complications. Find a 95% confidence interval for the proportion of all those undergoing this
surgery who experience complications.
A) (0.2343, 0.2657) B) (0.2246, 0.2754) C) (0.2280, 0.2720) D) (0.2388, 0.2612)
Solve the problem.

proportion?
A) It is equal to the sample proportion plus or minus a calculated amount called the margin of
error.
B) The confidence interval for a proportion does not need a specified confidence level.
C) It is equal to the population proportion plus or minus a calculated amount called the
standard error.
D) The confidence interval for a proportion will always contain the true population proportion.
78) Complete the statement by filling in the blanks. 78)

When constructing a confidence interval, if the level of confidence increases, the margin of error
must _____ and the confidence interval will be _____.
A) Decrease, narrower. B) Decrease, wider.
C) Increase; wider. D) Increase; narrower.

A larger sample size will improve the precision of the confidence interval, therefore, assuming no
other values change, the margin of error will _____ and the confidence interval will be _____.
A) Increase, wider. B) Increase, narrower.
C) Decrease; narrower. D) Decrease, wider.
12
When constructing a confidence interval, if the level of confidence decreases, the margin of error
will _________ and the confidence interval will be _________.
A) Decrease, wider. B) Increase; wider.
C) Increase; narrower. D) Decrease, narrower

When constructing a confidence interval, a larger sample size will _________ the margin of error
and the confidence interval will be _________.
A) Decrease, narrower B) Increase; narrower.
C) Decrease, wider. D) Increase; wider.
From a random sample of workers at a large corporation you find that 58% of 200 went on a vacation last year away
from home for at least a week.
82) An approximate 95% confidence interval is (0.50, 0.66). Which of the following statements is a 82)
correct interpretation?
A) 95% of the coworkers fall in the interval (0.50, 0.66).
B) We are 95% confident that between 50% and 66% of the samples will have a proportion near
58%.
C) We are 95% confident that the proportion of coworkers who went on a vacation last year
away from home for at least a week is between 50% and 66%.
D) There is a 95% chance that a random selected coworker has gone on a vacation last year
away from home for at least a week.
83) Which of the following statements are correct concerning the 95% confidence interval of (0.50, 83)
0.66) of coworkers who went on a vacation last year away from home for at least a week?
A) If the sample size is 500 instead of 200, the confidence interval will be larger.
B) If the confidence level were changed from 95% to 99%, the confidence interval would
become wider.
C) A maximum of 66% of the coworkers went on a vacation last year away from home for at
least a week.
D) If the confidence level were changed from 95% to 90%, the confidence interval would
become wider.
84) What is the margin of error for the 95% confidence interval of (0.50, 0.66) of coworkers who went 84)
on a vacation last year away from home for at least a week?
A) 0.04 B) 0.16 C) 0.08 D) 0.58
In a recent poll of 1100 randomly selected home delivery truck drivers, 26% said they had encountered an aggressive
dog on the job at least once.
85) What is the standard error for the estimate of the proportion of all home delivery truck drivers 85)
who have encountered an aggressive dog on the job at least once? Round to the nearest
ten-thousandth.
A) 0.0141 B) 0.0132 C) 0.1322 D) 0.0002
13
Solve the problem.
86) Is it plausible that more than 10% of Americans believe in aliens? A random sample of 2000 adult 86)
Americans were surveyed and 15% of them said that they believed in aliens. Find the 95%
confidence interval for the proportion of Americans who believe in aliens then choose the correct
interpretation. (Round to the nearest tenth of a percent)
A) The population proportion of Americans who believe in aliens is between 10% +/- 1.6% with
a confidence level of 95%. The interval includes 10% and therefore, it is plausible that at least
10% of Americans believe in aliens.
B) The population proportion of Americans who believe in aliens is between 15% +/- 1.6% with
a confidence level of 95%. The interval is higher than 10% and therefore, it is plausible that
more than 10% of Americans believe in aliens.
C) The population proportion of Americans who believe in aliens is between 15% +/- 0.8% with
a confidence level of 95%. The interval does not include 10% and therefore, it is not plausible
that at least 10% of Americans believe in aliens.
D) The population proportion of Americans who believe in aliens is between 15% +/- 1.6% with
a confidence level of 95%. The interval includes 10% and therefore, it is plausible that at least
10% of Americans believe in aliens.
proportion?
A) The confidence interval for a proportion will always contain the true population proportion.
B) It is equal to the population proportion plus or minus the standard error.
C) It is equal to the sample proportion plus or minus a calculated amount called the margin of
error.
D) The confidence interval for a proportion does not need a specified confidence level.
88) Suppose a city manager conducts a poll and finds that a 95% confidence interval for the 88)
proportion of residents who support parking restrictions during snow removal periods as
63% to 71%. Explain what this confidence interval means – the 95% and what the interval
represents.
89) Explain the difference between the standard error of a sample proportion and the margin 89)
of error of a confidence interval for a population proportion.
In a recent poll of 900 randomly selected adults, 37% reported that they could not swim 24 yards (the length of a typical
gymnasium lap pool).
90) What is the margin of error, using a 95% confidence level, for estimating the true 90)
proportion of adults who self-report that they cannot swim 24 yards? Round to the
nearest thousandth.
91) Report the 95% confidence interval for the proportion of adults who self-report that they 91)
cannot swim 24 yards. Round final calculations to the nearest tenth of a percent.
Solve the problem.

92) A survey of 800 randomly selected senior citizens showed that 55% said they planned to 92)
watch an upcoming political debate on television. The margin of error for the 95%
confidence interval is 3.5 percentage points. Does the confidence interval support the
claim that the majority of senior citizens plan to watch the upcoming political debate on
television? Explain why or why not.
14
93) Suppose that you and a friend read the following statement in a news report, "A recent 93)
poll found that 54% of voters, give or take 3%, plan to vote for candidate X in the next
election (with a confidence level of 95%)". Your friend then makes the statement, "Hey,
look, there's a 95% chance that somewhere between 51% and 57% of voters plan to vote
for candidate X!" How would you explain to your friend why his statement is incorrect, be
sure to provide your friend with the correct interpretation of the confidence interval.
Obtain the required confidence interval for the difference between two population proportions. Assume that
independent simple random samples have been selected from the two populations.
94) In a random sample of 42 Democrats from one city, 10 approved of the mayor's performance. In a 94)
random sample of 58 Republicans from the city, 12 approved of the mayor's performance. Find a
90% confidence interval for the difference between the proportions of Democrats and Republicans
who approve of the mayor's performance.
A) (-0.108, 0.170) B) (0.100, 0.376) C) (0.072, 0.404) D) (0.074, 0.404)
95) A survey found that 31 of 60 randomly selected women and 38 of 73 randomly selected men 95)
follow a regular exercise program. Find a 95% confidence interval for the difference between the
proportions of women and men who follow a regular exercise program.
A) (-0.175, 0.167) B) (0.314, 0.720) C) (0.346, 0.687) D) (-0.207, 0.720)
Solve the problem.

96) A polling agency wants to compare support for the president's foreign policies between men and 96)
women. They surveyed 2500 U.S. citizens and found a 95% confidence interval for the difference
in proportions between men and women who support the president's foreign policies as (-0.05 to
-0.025) where population 1 is men and population 2 is women. Select the correct interpretation of
this result.
A) The number surveyed should be increased to increase the accuracy of the confidence
interval.
B) The interval estimates that p1 – p2 < 0 which shows that men are more likely than women to
support with the president's foreign policies.
C) The interval estimates that p1 – p2 < 0 which shows that women are more likely than men to
support with the president's foreign policies.
D) The interval does not contain 0, which shows that there is no significant difference in the
proportions between men and women.
97) Confidence intervals can be used to determine whether different sample proportions reflect a 97)
"real" difference in the population. The basic approach is to...
A) find the difference in the proportions and see if the difference is less than zero.
B) find the margin of error for each proportion and see if the difference is less than zero.
C) find the difference in the proportions and see if the difference is greater than zero.
D) find a confidence interval at the significance level desired for the difference in proportions.
15
98) A polling agency wants to estimate the proportion of U.S. citizens who support the president's 98)
domestic policies. They surveyed 2500 U.S. citizens and found a 95% confidence interval for the
difference in proportions between men and women who support the president's domestic policies
as (-0.025 to 0.050) where population 1 is men and population 2 is women. Select the correct
interpretation of this result.
A) The interval does not contain zero which shows that there is no significant difference in the
B) The interval contains zero which shows that men are more likely than women to disagree
with the president's foreign policies.
C) The interval contains zero which shows that there is no significant difference in the
D) The interval contains zero which shows that women are more likely than men to disagree
with the president's foreign policies.
99) A medical study examined data on patients with cardiovascular disease who were currently 99)
non-smokers and those who were current smokers. Population 1 were smokers and population 2
were non-smokers. After data analysis, the 95% confidence interval for the difference in
proportions is 0.015 +/- 0.011. The most accurate interpretation is...
A) We are 95% confident that the difference in the proportion of smokers compared to
nonsmokers is between -0.004 and 0.026. There is not a significance difference in the
proportions.
B) We are 95% confident that the difference in the proportion of smokers compared to
nonsmokers is between 0.004 and 0.026. There is a significance difference indicating higher
cardiovascular disease amongst smokers.
C) We are 95% confident that the proportion of smokers compared to non-smokers is between
0.004 and 0.026.
D) We are 95% confident that the interval of the difference in the proportions contains zero.
There is not a significance difference between smokers and non-smokers.
100) Confidence intervals can be used to determine whether different sample proportions 100)
reflect a "real" difference in the population. Explain the method of how this is
accomplished and what the assumptions are.
101) A polling agency wants to estimate the proportion of U.S. citizens who support the 101)
president's educational policies. They surveyed 1500 U.S. citizens and found a 95%
confidence interval for the difference in proportions between men and women who
support the president's educational policies as (-0.075 to 0.025) where population 1 is men
and population 2 is women. Interpret the result and state if the assumptions are satisfied.
16
Answer Key
Testname: UNTITLED2
1) B
2) A
3) A
4) A
5) A
6) D
7) A
8) C
9) B
10) B
11) D
12) B
13) C
14) D
15) B
16) A population is a group of objects or people which are being studied. A population is a total collection. A sample is a
collection of objects or people taken from the population of interest. Examples will vary.
17) A persuasive survey question will result in biased results, which may not accurately reflect the true sentiments of the
population. A confusing question with multiple negatives and irrelevant information can result in inaccurate
responses.
18) D
19) D
20) C
21) C
22) A
23) A
24) C
25) A statistic is a summary of a sample of data, examples will vary. A parameter is a numerical value that characterizes
some aspect of the population, examples will vary.
26) Frederick's survey may have nonresponse bias. The residents who chose not to participate may have different views
about the survey topic then those who did respond.
27) A
28) D
29) B
30) C
31) C
32) B
33) D
34) B
35) C
36) B
37) B
38) A
39) A
40) D
41) D
42) Precision means that sampling results are consistent when a sampling method is repeated. The precision of a sampling
method is measured by the standard error. Accuracy means sampling results are centered around the population
parameter. Accuracy is measured in terms of bias.
43) D
17
Answer Key
Testname: UNTITLED2
44) A
45) C
46) B
47) 25%; 20 milky-white marbles
48) 4.8%
49) 25%; 4.8%
50) A
51) B
52) A
53) B
54) C
55) B
56) B
57) D
58) D
59) B
60) C
61) Sample is random and independent—it is stated that this is a random sample and voters are independent. The sample
is large—a sample of 500 is large enough since it will have at least 10 successes and failures (0.45 × 500 ≥. 10 and 0.55 ×
500 ≥. 10). The population is big—A sample of 500 is large enough because the population is at least ten times larger.
62) 4 children, give or take 2 children.
63) 0.103
64) 0.126
65) C
66) B
67) D
68) B
69) C
70) C
71) A
72) C
73) D
74) C
75) D
76) C
77) A
78) C
79) C
80) D
81) A
82) C
83) B
84) C
85) B
86) B
87) C
88) The 95% indicates that if many polls were taken, 95% of them would result in confidence intervals that include the
true population proportion of residents that support parking restrictions during snow removal. The interval represents
a population estimate +/- a margin of error which depends on the confidence level (95%) and the sample size.
18
Answer Key
Testname: UNTITLED2
89) The margin of error is an amount that is added and subtracted from the estimate which provides the range of
plausible values around the sample proportion base on a chosen level of confidence. The standard error of a sample
proportion is the measure of variation for the data collected in a particular sample.
90) 0.032
91) The upper limit would be 37% + 3.2% = 40.2%. The lower limit would be 37% – 3.2% = 33.8%.
(33.8%, 40.2%)
92) Yes, a confidence interval of 55% ± 3.5% would include plausible population parameter values that are greater than
50% so the claim would not be unreasonable.
93) Answers will vary, but should reference the fact that there is no chance that the population parameter will change,
which is implied when one interprets a confidence level as a probability. The correct interpretation is that the
proportion of voters who plan to vote for candidate X is between 51% and 57%, with a confidence level of 95% which
means the process used to produce the interval will capture the true population proportion 95% of the time.
94) A
95) A
96) C
97) D
98) C
99) B
100) The method for determining whether different sample proportions reflect a "real" difference in the population is find
the difference between the two sample proportions taken from two populations, subtracting the sample proportion for
population 2 from the sample proportion for population 1. Similar to the confidence interval for a single proportion, a
margin of error is calculated that depends on the confidence level, the sample proportions, and the sample size. The
assumptions are that the samples are random and independent, are sufficiently large taken from big populations.
101) The interval contains zero which shows that there is no significant difference in the proportions between men and
women. The assumptions are satisfied: the samples randomly drawn from their populations, samples are
independent, with samples large enough from big populations.
19

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Introductory Statistics 2nd Edition Gould Test Bank

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Introductory Statistics 2nd Edition

Gould Test Bank

Fill in the blank to complete the statement.

Solve the problem.

Answer the question.

Solve the problem.

Provide an appropriate response.

Solve the problem.

Provide an appropriate response.

Solve the problem.

Solve the problem.

Solve the problem.

Solve the problem.

Solve the problem.

Find the required confidence interval.

Solve the problem.

78) Complete the statement by filling in the blanks. 78)

79) Complete the statement by filling in the blanks. 79)

81) Complete the statement by filling in the blanks. 81)

Solve the problem.

Solve the problem.

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