ERIK ERIKSON - The physical changes

THE PHYSICAL SELF: THE SELF AS happening to the body and the experiences that
IMPACTED BY THE BODY an individual goes through can have an impact
on his/her psychosocial development and
PHYSICAL SELF personal identity.

CARL GUSTAV JUNG - The physical body

PHYSICAL SELF
could not be separated from the psyche since it
- Refers to the body
is an integral part of it.
- Basic parts of the body: head, neck,
chest, arms, and legs.
B.F. SKINNER - The significance of the body in
- Made up of other organs. These organs
psychological functioning, and its role in
work together to perform many of its
managing and utilizing bioenergy.
functions. The body’s ability to perform
its functions gradually changes through STAGES IN THE LIFE SPAN
the years.
By: Elizabeth B. Hurlock
- Physical efficiency generally peaks in
early adulthood between the ages of
ADOLESCENCE
twenty and thirty, and then slowly
- Begins with the onset of puberty.
declines into the middle age.
- This stage is characterized by rapid
- Physical development and growth
physical changes that includes the
during childhood continues at a slow
maturation of the reproductive system.
rate compared with rapid rate of growth
in babyhood.
LIFE SPAN
- In general, the body performs its
- The development from conception to
functions least well during infancy and
death.
old age.

1. PRENATAL - fertilization to birth

SANJAY SINGH - the physical body refers to
2. INFANCY - birth to 2 weeks of life
the body, a marvelous container and complex,
3. BABYHOOD - 2 weeks of life to 2nd
finely timed machine with which people interface
year
with the environment and fellow beings
4. EARLY CHILDHOOD - 2 to 6 years
5. LATE CHILDHOOD - 6 to 10 or 12
WILLIAM JAMES - The body is the primary
years
source of sensations and is necessary for the
6. PUBERTY - 10 or 12 to 14 years
development and maintenance of one’s
7. ADOLESCENCE - 14 to 18 years
personality.
8. EARLY ADULTHOOD - 18 to 40 years
old
SIGMUND FREUD - The physical body is the
9. MIDDLE ADULTHOOD - 40 to 60 years
core of human experiences which contributes to
10. LADE ADULTHOOD or SENESCENCE
the construction of the self and personality.
- 60 to death
WILHELM REICH - The core of a person’s
existence is his/her physical body. Everything CONCEPT OF BEAUTY
about a person can be attributed to his/her
bodily functions, experiences, and interaction Two most debated views about beauty:
with his/her environment. 1. Beauty is objective.
2. Beauty is subjective.
EGYPTIAN ART
- Beauty is portrayed in women with slim,
high waist, narrow hips, and long black
hair.
RENAISSANCE PERIOD
- Women with full figure and rounded hips
was considered beautiful
BEAUTY IS AN OBJECTIVE QUALITY
SAINT AUGUSTINE OF HIPPO
- Beauty is considered as a pure
manifestation of the good.
- God is the supreme good, and the
source of all beings, and all of beauty.
- He further examined the three negative
forms of the absence of beauty:
(1) The absence of metaphysical
beauty,
(2) The absence of moral beauty,
and,
(3) The absence of physical beauty.
PLATO
- Beauty is a response to love and desire.
- The concept of beauty exists in the
world of Forms. Objects are beautiful
because they are reflections of the idea
of beauty that already exists in the realm
of Forms.
- Beauty can exist independently of its
perceiver, and being beautiful does not
depend upon personal evaluation.
ARISTOTLE
- “to be beautiful, a living creature, and
every whole made up of parts, must
present a certain order in its
arrangement of parts”
- Beauty can be measured through order,
symmetry, and definitiveness
(mathematical sciences).
- The Golden Ratio, formula of beauty
which is a set of proportions found in
nature and applied by man to all manner
of visual culture.
BEAUTY IS AN SUBJECTIVE QUALITY
DAVID HUME
- “Beauty is no quality in things
themselves: It exists merely in the mind
which contemplates them; and each
mind perceives a different beauty. One
person may even perceive deformity,
where another is sensible of beauty; and
every individual ought to acquiesce in
his own sentiment, without pretending to
regulate those of others. ”
IMMANUEL KANT
- “The judgment of taste is therefore not a
judgment cognition, and is consequently
not logical but aesthetical, by which we
understand that whose determining
ground can be no other than subjective.”
- Four distinguishing features of aesthetic
judgment:
(a) disinterested,
(b) universal,
(c) necessary, and
(d) purposive without purpose or
final without end.
- Beauty is purposive and pleasurable
FRANCIS HUTCHESON
- “The perception of beauty does not
depend on the external sense of sight;
however, the internal sense of beauty
operates as an internal or reflex sense.
The same is the case with hearing:
hearing music does not necessarily give
the perception of harmony as it is
distinct from the hearing. ”
- Involvement of internal and external
senses. If there is no internal sense of
beauty, then there is no perception of it.
COGNITIVE BIAS
- It is an error in reasoning , evaluating, or
any other mental process that is often a
result of holding on to one’s preference
or beliefs regardless of contrary
information.
HALO EFFECT
- Physical attractiveness stereotype
- What is beautiful is also good.
EVOLUTIONARY PSYCHOLOGY
- Beauty or attractiveness is a function of
the genetic quality of an individual.
- Factors that influence attraction:
symmetry, averageness, and sexually
dimorphic traits
- Physical attractiveness has important
social consequences, for instance,
people and animals rely on external
traits to attract mates.
HOW CULTURAL TRADITIONS SHAPE BODY
IMAGE?
Beauty and body image have been
subjected to transformation, reflecting cultural
values, norms, and historical context. Being a
part of a cultural group plays an integral part of
who people are.
SELF-ESTEEM
- It refers to a person’s beliefs about his
or her own worth and value. It is often
associated with one’s self-confidence.
- Is a person’s overall evaluation of his or
her own worth.
BODY IMAGE
- It is the way one sees the physical self
and the thoughts and feelings that result
from that perception.
- Refers to how individuals perceive,
think, and feel about their body and
physical appearance.
CHROMOSOMES
- Thread-like tissues that carry the genes,
and are usually found in pairs.
- 23 pairs: 22 (AUTOSOMES - trait
chromosomes) and 1 (GONOSOME -
sex chromosome)
APPEARANCE
- Refers to everything about a person that
others can observe.
- People show others the kind of person
they are.
CAUSES OF POOR BODY IMAGE
● Parents' emphasis on a thin ideal body
leads girls to experience body
dissatisfaction.
● Bullying and peer pressure have been
associated with greater body
dissatisfaction.
● Media such as television,
advertisements, music, and movies.
They are filled with good-looking faces,
making women and men more
concerned with physical attractiveness.
● The result is that it can cause a great
deal of money to pay for the physical
attractiveness that women and men
want to achieve.
● The reality, however, is that the
standards of beauty presented in the
media are so unrealistic.
EFFECTS OF POOR BODY IMAGE
● Girls who have higher body
dissatisfaction are likely to experience
depression, low self-esteem, and eating
disorders.
● ANOREXIA NERVOSA - is an eating
disorder in which the person refuses to
eat for fear of gaining weight which can
result in severe starvation and death.
● The disorder mostly affects females
between the ages of 12 and 40,
although men may also develop it.
● A related disorder is BULIMIA in which
the person induces purging after binging
on large quantities of food.
 develop into testes and the offspring will be
THE IMPORTANCE OF BEAUTY
male.

Standards of beauty have changed over

time based on changing cultural values. All
cultures have, more or less, the same concept:
standards of beauty have changed over time
based on changing cultural values.

Generally, humans who have clean and

unblemished skin, thick shiny hair,
well-proportioned bodies, and symmetrical
faces, have been traditionally considered the
most beautiful.

Beauty is considered important FURTHER SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT DURING

PUBERTY
throughout history. This is because these
features indicate youth, health, good genes, and
fertility. PUBERTY STAGES IN PUBERTY STAGES
GIRLS IN BOYS
Beauty is important in all societies.
Attractive people have a lot of advantages in life. 1 ● Age: 8 to 11 ● Age: 9 to 12
For example, men tend to seek attractive ● Enlargement of ● Male hormones
women as mates. ovaries and become a lot
hormone production active
starts ● Growth spurt
Studies have shown that men and ● No visible external begins
women who are physically attractive have more development yet ● No visible external
opportunities such as job, promotion, and development yet
income. Also, people tend to view attractive
people as good, happier, smarter, and better 2 ● Age: 8 to 14 ● Age: 9 to 15
● Development of the ● Increase in height
people. Generally, unattractive people are less
breasts and first and the shape of
liked and assisted. breast buds the body changes
● Area around the ● Development of
Above all things physical, it is more nipple (aureole) muscle tissue and
important to be beautiful on the inside. increases in size fat
● Pubic hair may also ● Areola becomes
appear darker and
THE SEXUAL SELF ● Increase in height increases in size
and weight ● Testicles and
● Body gets rounder scrotum grow
DEVELOPMENT OF SECONDARY SEX and curvier ● Pubic hair begins
CHARACTERISTICS to appear at the
base of the penis
If the egg is fertilized with a sperm 3 ● Age: 9 to 15 ● Age: 11 to 16
carrying the X-chromosome, the gonads should ● Breasts continue to ● Penis starts to
develop into ovaries and the offspring will be grow grow in length
female. ● Pubic hair gets ● Pubic hair gets
coarser and darker coarser and darker
If the egg is fertilized with a sperm ● Whitish discharge ● Face begins to
in the vagina appear more
carrying the Y-chromosome, the gonads should
 ● First menstrual mature
period may begin ● Shoulders become
broader
● Increase in muscle
tissue
● Voice starts to
change and
deepen
● Facial hair on the
upper lips begins
to develop

4 ● Age: 10 to 16 ● Age: 11 to 17
● Aureoles may even ● Penis grows in
get even darker and width
separate into little ● Testicles and TWO TYPES OF EROGENOUS ZONES IN THE
mounds scrotum continue SKIN
● Pubic hair begins to to grow; hair grows
have a more adult on the anus
triangular pattern of ● The texture of the NON SPECIFIC TYPE
growth penis becomes - Similar to any other portion of the usual
● Menarche should more adult-looking haired skin
start now ● Increase in - Nerves are composed of the density of
● Ovulation starts underarm and
dermal-nerve and hair-follicle networks
facial hair
● First fertile - An exaggerated form of tickle
ejaculation - Includes the sides and back of the neck,
● Skin gets oilier, axilla (armpits, underarm), and sides of
and voice the thorax (chest)
continues to
deepen SPECIFIC TYPE
- Found in the mucocutaneous regions of
5 ● Age: 12 to 19 ● Age: 14 to 18
● Full height is ● Full adult height the body
reached ● Pubic hair and the - Favor acute perception
● Ovulation becomes genitals look like - Includes the genital regions (prepuce,
regular an adult man’s do penis, female external genitalia or
● Pubic hair is filled in ● Shaving is vulva, perianal skin, lips, and nipples)
● Breasts are fully necessary
developed ● Some continue to
grow past this
point

EROGENOUS ZONES OF THE BODY

EROGENOUS ZONES
- areas of the body that are highly
sensitive when stimulated since these
have a high number of sensory
receptors or nerve endings that react to
the stimuli.
 SEXUAL RESPONSE
SEXUAL RESPONSE CYCLE
- refers to the structured series of
changes the body goes through
(physically, psychologically, emotionally)
when a person is involved in a sexually
stimulating activity, such as intercourse
and masturbation.
PHASE 1: EXCITEMENT
● Initial physiological sexual arousal
response
● Increased heart rate, respiration, and
blood pressure
● Myotonia, vasocongestion, and nipple
hardening or erection
● Flush or reddening of the skin
PHASE 2: PLATEAU
● Intensifies the response from the
excitement phase
● Continuous increase and stabilization of
breathing, blood flow, and heart rate
PHASE 3: ORGASM
● Sexual climax of excitement
● Shortest and generally last only for a
few seconds
● A sense of euphoria and a feeling of
tension relief
PHASE 4: RESOLUTION
● The body returns to its normal
functioning
● REFRACTORY PERIOD – the recovery
time after orgasm.
SEX AND THE BRAIN
BRAIN
- considered as the largest sex organ of
the body, which is responsible for
controlling biological urges, mental
processes, and emotional and physical
responses to sex.
Roles of the Brain in Sexual Activity:
● Translates nerve impulses sensed by
the skin to pleasurable sensation
● Controls the nerves and muscles used
in sexual activities
● CEREBRAL CORTEX is responsible for
sexual thoughts and fantasies.
● LIMBIC SYSTEM is the source of
emotions and feelings.
● Releases hormones (physiological origin
of sexual desire)
Hormones Released by the Brain during
Sexual Activities:
● OXYTOCIN – “love hormone”; desire to
maintain close relationships
● FOLLICLE-STIMULATING HORMONE
(FSH) – ovulation in females
● LUTEINIZING HORMONE (LH) –
regulates the testes and ovaries;
stimulates the production of
testosterone from the testes
● VASOPRESSIN – male arousal
● ESTROGEN AND PROGESTERONE –
regulates motivation to engage in sexual
behavior for females
THREE CATEGORIES OF FALLING IN LOVE
(HELEN FISHER)
STAGE 1: LUST
- Physical attraction
- Desire for sexual gratification (the need
for a person to reproduce)
- Driven by testosterone (male) and
estrogen (female)
 STAGE 2: ATTRACTION
- People are “love struck, blinded by love,
or infatuated.”
- Three chemical triggers: norepinephrine,
dopamine, and serotonin
STAGE 3: ATTACHMENT
- Desire for long lasting commitment
- Involves defense of territory, feeding and
grooming, close proximity, separation
anxiety, and shared tasks
THREE CHEMICAL TRIGGERS FOR ATTRACTION
1. NOREPINEPHRINE – gives a person
an extra surge of energy and triggers
increased heart rate, loss of appetite,
and desire to sleep
2. DOPAMINE – gives a person a feeling
of ecstasy; produced when spending
time with someone you love or during
sexual intercourse
3. SEROTONIN – causes obsessive
thinking
SEXUAL DESIRE
- Subjective feeling of wanting or interest
to engage in sex
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES
SEXUAL DRIVE
- A basic, biological mediated motivation
to seek sexual activity or sexual
gratification
PHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS OF SEXUAL
BEHAVIOR MOTIVATION
CHLAMYDIA
● HYPOTHALAMUS – has an important
function in motivated behaviors, as well
as sexual functioning
● AMYGDALA – the integrative center for
emotions, emotional behavior, and
motivation
● NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS – also known
as the pleasure center, has an important
role in motivation and cognitive
processing of aversion
DIVERSITY OF SEXUAL BEHAVIORS
● SEX – based on the biological make-up
and sexual characteristics of a person
(male or female)
● GENDER – a social construct, which
includes roles, behaviors, expressions
and identities
● SEXUAL ORIENTATION – a person’s
emotional and erotic attraction toward
another individual
● GENDER IDENTITY – one’s sense of
being male or female; how a person
identifies himself/herself
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES
- is also known as sexually transmitted
infections (STI). It is a disease or
infection acquired through sexual
contract where the organisms that
cause STD are passed from one person
to another through blood, semen,
vaginal, or any other bodily fluids.
- A parasitic bacterium that causes
unusual discharge, stinging in the sex
organ when urinating, lower abdominal
pain, lower back pain, nausea, fever,
and pain during sex
GONORRHEA
- Passed down through unprotected oral,
anal, and vaginal sex
- The bacteria spread to warm, moist
areas of the body such as the eyes,
throat, mouth, vagina, the entire
reproductive tract, urethra, and anus
GENITAL HERPES
- Caused by a virus that infects the skin,
mouth, mucous membranes of the
genitals, and the rectum
- Can also be transmitted through sharing
towels with an infected person
GENITAL WARTS
- Caused by a virus characterized by
rough, wart-like growths
- Usually found around the head of the
penis (men), and around the vaginal
opening and could spread to the rectal
area as well as the cervix (women)
SYPHILIS
- A dangerous and life threatening
bacterial disease that could affect other
vital organs such as the heart, spine,
and brain
ECTOPARASITIC INFECTIONS
- Caused by parasites such as lice and
mites
● PUBIC LICE – also known as
crab louse that live on the pubic
hair
● SCABIES – caused by mites
that live on the skin, which
cause itching on various parts of
the body and characterized by
small bumps on the skin
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 10354
- Also known as “The Responsible
Parenthood and Reproductive Health
Act of 2012”
- The right to equality and
nondiscrimination of these rights, the
right to sustainable human
development, the right to health which
includes reproductive health, the right to
education and information, and the right
to choose and make decisions for
themselves in accordance with their
religious convictions, ethics, cultural
beliefs, and the demands of responsible
parenthood
RESPONSIBLE PARENTHOOD
- It is the will and ability of parent(s) to
respond to the needs and aspirations of
the family and children. It is the shared
responsibility between parents to
determine and achieve the desired
number and timing of their children
according to their own aspirations (RA
10354 Section 4v).
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
- It can be defined as a state of complete
well-being in matters relating to one’s
sexual and reproductive life. It implies
that people are able to have a
responsible, safe, consensual and
satisfying sex life and that they have the
capability to reproduce and the freedom
to decide when, and how often to do so.
Further, it implies that men and women
attain equal relationships in matters
related to sexual relations and
reproduction (RA 10354 Section 4s).
FAMILY PLANNING
- It allows both men and women to make
informed choices on when and if they
decide to have children.
Benefits of family planning/contraception
according to WHO:
● Prevent pregnancy-related health risks
in women
● Reduce infant mortality
● Help prevent HIV/AIDS
● Empower people and enhance
education
● Reduce adolescent pregnancies
● Slow population growth

METHODS OF CONTRACEPTION
● NATURAL METHOD - Periodic
abstinence, lactational amenorrhea
method (LAM), coitus interruptus
(withdrawal or pulling out) method
● LONG-ACTING REVERSIBLE
CONTRACEPTION - Implants or
intrauterine device (IUD)
● HORMONAL CONTRACEPTION - Birth
control pill, birth control injection
● BARRIER METHOD - Condoms
● FERTILITY AWARENESS - Periodic
abstinence method
● PERMANENT CONTRACEPTION
Vasectomy, tubal ligation
NATURAL FAMILY PLANNING METHOD
- It is the method that uses the body’s
natural physiological changes and
symptoms to identify the fertile and
infertile phases of the menstrual cycle.
1. Periodic abstinence (fertility
awareness) method
2. Use of breastfeeding or
lactational amenorrhea method
(LAM)
3. Coitus interruptus (withdrawal or
pulling out) method
PERIODIC ABSTINENCE METHOD
- Involves refraining from sexual
intercourse
- Considered as the most effective natural
birth control method
TYPES OF PERIODIC ABSTINENCE METHOD
1. RHYTHM OR CALENDAR METHOD -
Involves refraining from having sex
during a woman’s fertile days. A woman
is likely to get pregnant if she has sex 3
to 4 days before ovulation and 3-4 days
after ovulation. To determine the first
fertile day, subtract 18 from the shortest
cycle. To determine the last day,
subtract 11 from the longest menstrual
cycle.
2. BASAL BODY TEMPERATURE - It is
the woman’s lowest body temperature at
rest on a given day. BBT falls between
97.52 to 98.24 degree Fahrenheit (36.4
to 36.8 degree Celsius). The woman
must take her temperature early every
morning before doing any activity.
3. CERVICAL MUCUS (OVULATION)
METHOD - Based on carefully
observing the woman’s mucus patterns
during ovulation. A woman is fertile
during the days when she observes her
- cervical mucus is thin and watery, plus
the day after it as well.
LACTATION AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM)
- It is the temporary infertility that occurs
in a woman when she is not
menstruating after giving birth and that
she is fully breastfeeding.
WITHDRAWAL OR PULL-OUT METHOD
- A man pulls out his penis from a
woman’s vagina prior to ejaculation so
that the sperm is not ejected inside the
woman’s reproductive system.
HORMONAL CONTRACEPTIVE ( ARTIFICIAL
FAMILY PLANNING
ORAL CONTRACEPTIVE
- Also known as the pill
- Contains synthetic estrogen and
progesterone
- Estrogen suppresses ovulation, while
progesterone decreases the
permeability of the cervical mucus to
limit the sperm’s access to the ova
TRANSDERMAL CONTRACEPTIVE PATCH
- A medicated adhesive patch that is
placed on the skin to deliver a specific
dose of medication through the skin and
into the bloodstream
- Contains both estrogen and
progesterone, and is attached once a
week for three weeks
VAGINAL RING
- Inserted into the vagina and slowly
releases hormones through the vaginal
wall into the bloodstream to prevent
pregnancy
- Releases a dose of estrogen and
progesterone into the bloodstream
SUBDERMAL IMPLANTS
- Involve the delivery of a steroid
progestin from polymer capsules or rods
placed under the skin
- Effectiveness for 1 to 5 years
HORMONAL INJECTIONS
- Given once every three months
- Typically suppresses ovulation, keeping
the ovaries from releasing an egg
- Also thickens cervical mucus to keep
sperm from reaching the egg
INTRAUTERINE DEVICE
- A small, T-shaped plastic device
wrapped in copper or contains
hormones
- Prevents fertilization of the egg by
damaging or killing sperm
CHEMICAL BARRIERS
SPERMICIDES, VAGINAL GELS & CREAMS,
AND GLYCERIN FILMS
- Used to cause the death of sperms
before they can enter the cervix
- Lowers the pH level of the vagina
DIAPHRAGM
- Made of latex (rubber) and formed like a
shallow cup
- Dome-shaped barrier that block sperms
from entering the uterus
- Filled with spermicide and fitted over the
uterine cervix
CERVICAL CAP
- A silicone cup inserted in the vagina to
cover the cervix and keep sperm out of
the uterus
- Spermicide is added to the cervical cap
MALE CONDOM
- A latex or synthetic rubber sheath
placed on the erect penis before vaginal
penetration to trap the sperm during
ejaculation
FEMALE CONDOM
- A thin pouch inserted into the vagina
before sex, serving as protective barrier
to prevent pregnancy and protection
from sexually transmitted diseases
SURGICAL METHODS
VASECTOMY
- A surgical operation wherein the tube
that carries the sperm to a man’s penis
is cut
- A permanent male contraception
method
TUBAL LIGATION
- A surgical procedure for female
sterilization involving severing and tying
of the fallopian tubes
- Disrupts the movement of the egg to the
uterus for fertilization and blocks sperm
from traveling up the fallopian tubes to
the egg

THE MATERIAL AND ECONOMIC SELF
MATERIAL SELF
MATERIAL SELF
- “A man’s self is the sum total of all that
he can call his, not only his body and his
psychic powers, but his clothes and his
house, his wife and children, his
ancestors and friends, his reputation
and works, his lands and horses, and
yacht and bank account. ”
- can be defined as the tangible objects,
people, or places that carry the
designation of my or mine.
- Anything that evokes emotions (i.e.,
things, persons, and experiences) is
considered part of the self.
Two Subclasses of the Material Self:
● BODILY SELF - A tridimensional
structure composed of (1) functions, (2)
sense of physical identity, and (3)
representations. One’s body and
possessions. Intimate parts of who a
person is.
● EXTRA CORPOREAL SELF - The
extended self. Beyond the body.
Psychological ownership
CONSUMPTION AND MATERIALISM
CONSUMPTION
- It is the use of goods and services to
satisfy a person’s current needs and
wants.
- “use up, to spend wastefully, to destroy”
(Gusdorf, 1978)
MATERIALISM
- It is a philosophy that places a high
value on objects, usually considering
them more valuable than experiences or
personal relationships
CONSCIOUS CONSUMPTION
- It is the consumers’ act of being
thoughtful about the environmental,
social, and ethical consequences of
their consumption, and thereby chooses
to consume responsibly, or be conscious
consumers.
Two Types of Motivation for Acquiring
Goods/Service:
● INTRINSIC MOTIVATION - The goal of
consumption is to get a person closer to
his/her personal goals, regardless of
what other people think of him/her.
● EXTRINSIC MOTIVATION - An attempt
to meet the expectations or definition of
value set by other people.
IDENTITY AND CONSUMER CULTURE
IDENTITY
- According to Mach (1993), identity is
defined as: a symbolic idea, dynamic
and context-dependent, an image built
through social interaction, affected by
social relations of power and symbolic
image of the world
- According to Erik Erikson, identity is
defined as: a social category defined by
membership rules, characteristic
attributes, or expected behaviors, and
socially distinguished features that an
individual takes pride in having
CONSUMER CULTURE
- Values, attitudes, behaviors, and
activities are defined by a person’s
ability to consume goods and services.
- A person’s ability to consume goods and
services tells something about a
person’s status in the society
Features and Characteristics of Consumer
Culture
● A culture of consumption
● The culture of market society
● Universal and impersonal
 ● Identifies freedom with private choice
and life
● Consumer needs are insatiable and
unlimited.
● A privileged medium for building
personal identity and status

A STATISTICS ON FILIPINO ONLINE SHOPPING

BEHAVIOR

Millenials, age 25 to 34 years old are the

main drivers of ecommerce. The Philippines has
the highest online shopping growth in Southeast
Asia during the pandemic. The Philippine
ecommerce market sales are projected to hit
$24 billion in 2025.

THE PROBLEM WITH CONSUMPTION

● Intrusive
● Manipulative
● Cannot provide many of the things that
are important to a person
● Restricts a person’s choices and life
● Affects a person’s worldview and
character
● Unsustainable