उम्मीद जगाते शिक्षक 6 फ़रवरी 2020

RNI No.
– UTTHIN/2019/78500
 
 

dSyk'k pUnz dk.Miky

fl)kFkZ tSu] e/;izns”k
iq:lksRre Bkdqj] NÙkhlx<+
ohjsUnz “kekZ] jktLFkku
v'kksd dqekj feJ] mÙkjk[k.M
enu eksgu ik.Ms;] mÙkjk[k.M
izfrHkk dfV;kj] mÙkjk[k.M
iznhi pUnz fMejh] mÙkjk[k.M

fctsUnz cyksuh

vt+he izseth QkmaMs'ku

134] MksMkdUusyh] fudV foizks dkWjiksjsV dk;kZy;]
ljtkiqj jksM] caxykSj 560035

vt+he izseth QkmaMs'ku
vkuan Vkoj] f}rh; ry] 2 lgLk/kkjk
z jksM] nsgjknwu&248001] Qksu@QSDl& 0135&2782864
bZ&esy % ujs@azimpremjifoundation.org
if=dk esa izdkf”kr lkexzh dk “kS{kf.kd vkSj xSj O;olkf;d dk;ksZa ds fy, mi;ksx fd;k tk ldrk gS ysfdu
blds fy, ys[kd ,oa izdk”kd ls vuqefr ysuk ,oa lzksr dk mYys[k vfuok;Z gSA
2 mEehn txkrs f'k{kd Qjojh 2020

  
   
   
   
   
   

   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
Qjojh 2020 mEehn txkrs f'k{kd 3


ge lHkh tkurs gSa fd vf/kdka'k 'kkldh; Ldwyksa esa ,d 
;k nks f'kf{kdk,a ;k f'k{kd gh inLFk gksrs gSa vkSj os
vkil esa feydj lHkh d{kkvksa ,oa lHkh fo"k;ksa ij cPpksa dksfoM&19 ds nkSjku Ldwy can gSa
ds lkFk dk;Z djrs gSaA dbZ ckj ,slh Hkh fLFkfr vkrh gS vkSj cPpksa dk lh[kuk çHkkfor gks
ftlesa ,d gh f'k{kd dks dqN fnuksa ds fy, lHkh d{kkvksa jgk gSA bl nkSjku cPpksa ds
,oa fo"k;ksa ij dk;Z djuk gksrk gSA ,slh fLFkfr;ksa esa ,d lh[kus dks lqfuf'pr djus ds
f'k{kd lh[kus&fl[kkus dh rS;kjh dSls djrs gSa ;k cPpksa fy, fofHkUu dk;ZØe pyk, tk
ds lkFk dk;Z djus gsrq fdl çdkj ;kstuk cukrs gSaA jgs gSa vkSj f'k{kd lkFkh bl
^mEehn txkrs f'k{kd* ds bl vad dh fo"k; oLrq bUgha pqukSrhiw.kZ ekgkSy esa vius drZO;
fcUnqvksa ij dsfUær gSA dks iwjh fu"Bk ds lkFk fuHkk jgs
gekjs lkfFk;ksa dks ^mEehn txkrs f'k{kd* dh dgkfu;ka gSaA ,sls gh ,d f'k{kd gSa Jh
fy[kus esa Ldwy ds mu iwoZ Nk=ksa us Hkh enn dh gS tks jkes'oj çlkn yks/kh tks
vius f'k{kd dh dgkuh lqukus Ldwy vk;s vkSj cksys fd 'kkldh; çkFkfed 'kkyk
Þ;s oks Hkxoku gSa ftuesa ge Hkjkslk djrs gSa vkSj ge ;g dY;k.kiqj] jkgrx<+] lkxj]
vkidks crkus ds fy, ;gka vk;s gSaßA tc gekjs lkFkh e/;çns'k esa f'k{kd gSaA jkes'oj
Ldwy ls tkus yxs rks fQj os 'kkar f'k{kd vius th us dksfoM&19 ds le; esa
fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds ckjs esa cksys fd& Þmudk fo'okl er viuh lw>&cw> vkSj ifjtuksa ds
dfj,] ;s lc dqN c<+k&p<+k dj crkrs gSa] os cl cgqr lg;ksx ls xk¡o esa iqLrdky;ksa
vPNs cPps gSaÞA dks LFkkfir fd;k gSA fQygky
f'k{kdksa dk ekuuk gS fd gj dksbZ cPpk d{kk esa lh[kus xk¡o ds 3 {ks=ksa esa iqLrdky;
dh çfØ;k ls tqM+dj lh[k ldrk gSA os viuh ckrphr pyk, tk jgs gSaA f'k{kd jkes'oj
esa foe'kZ djrs gSa fd cPpksa dks D;k fl[kkuk gS\ D;ksa th ds ;g ç;kl bu pqukSrhiw.kZ
fl[kkuk gS\ vkSj dSls fl[kkuk gS\ os cPpksa ds lkFk ,sls ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa cPpksa ds csgrj
rkyesy ls dke djrs gSa fd os fcuk Mjs viuh ckr dg lh[kus dks lqfuf'pr djus dh
ikrs gSaA os f'k{k.k dks ,d is'ks ls Hkh Åij ,d lkekftd mEehn txk jgs gSaA
mÙkjnkf;Ro le>rs gSa vkSj cPpksa ls Hkh lh[krs gSaA os muds dke dh >yd ns[kus ds
vius Ldwy dk lapkyu cPpksa] ikydksa] iapk;r] vketu fy, bl fyad dks fDyd djsa
ds lkFk feydj djrs gSa vkSj tc os Ldwy ds ckn ?kj tk https://youtu.be/G9rRS-Azcx4

jgs gksrs gSa rks vfHkokod ?kj ds }kj ij mudh ckV tksgrs gSa vkSj vius cPpksa dh i<+kbZ ij ckr
djrs gSaA os fo"k;ksa dh chp dh nwjh de djus ds fy, ?kaVh ctkrs gh ugha gS] cPpksa dks iwNrs gSa fd
^vkt D;k i<+sa\ mUgksaus Ldwy dks ,d dk;Z'kkyk dk :i fn;k gS tgka cPps fo"k;ksa dks ç;ksx }kjk
lh[krs gSaA
mudk ekuuk gS fd tc cPps viuh Hkk"kk esa vfHkO;ä djrs gSa rks muds lh[kus dk lQj vklku
gks tkrk gSA os fcuk jksd&Vksd ds cPpksa dks i<+us ds fy, fdrkcksa ls nksLrh djus ds [kwc ekSds
nsrs gSa vkSj fp=ksa ij ?kj dh Hkk"kk esa ckrphr djus ds fy, çsfjr djrs gSa rc cPps fgUnh gh ugha
vaxzsth dks Hkh pko ds lkFk lh[krs gSaA os cPpksa ds lkFk lqj feykdj xhr xkrs gSaA xf.kr fl[kkus
ds fy, os ifjos'k ds Bksl vuqHkoksa ls cPpksa ds tqM+ko ds lkFk vH;kl djrs gSa ftlesa xf.krh;
rdZ dh vksj cPpksa dks c<kus dk ç;kl jgrk gSA os vius Ldwy ds vkgrs esa bZoh,l fl[kkus ds
fy, î{kh n'kZu* 'kq: djrs gSa vkSj Mk- lkfye vyh dh iqLrdsa Ldwy esa eaxkrs gSaA os cPpksa dks
rS;kj djrs gSa fd os viuh :fp vkSj ethZ ls vkxs i<+sa vkSj fo"k; pqusaA
^mEehn txkrs f'k{kd* ds vHkh rd çdkf'kr vadksa ds ek/;e ls geus ges'kk ;g ckr j[kus dh
dksf'k'k dh gS fd ,sls f'k{kdksa dh la[;k lhfer ugha gSA ge viuh if=dk ds vadksa esa dqN gh
f'k{kd lkfFk;ksa dks LFkku ns ikrs gSa ysfdu lkFk gh mu lHkh f'k{kdksa ds çfr lEeku dk Hkko
j[krs gSa tks vius drZO; iFk ij MVdj lkoZtfud f'k{kk ds çfr vk'kk ds Hkko dks thfor j[ks
gq, gSaA
vkils vis{kk jgsxh fd vki bl vad ds ckjs esa viuh çfrfØ;k gesa Hkstsaxs rFkk vius lq>koksa ls
gesa voxr djkrs jgsaxsA
vkidk lkFkh


utfj;k



;s rhu cM+s ls isM+ gj pht ij Nk, gq, FksA mudh ÅapkbZ ds cjkcj bl
iFkjhys likV eSnku esa vkSj dksbZ Hkh pht ugha FkhA tSls gh ge Ldwy ds
ikl igqaprs tk jgs Fks] os isM+ dbZ fdyksehVj nwj ls gh fn[kkbZ nsuk “kq:
gks x, FksA os yxHkx lkB QhV Åaps Fks vkSj Ldwy ds eSnku ds fdukjs ij
,d drkj esa [kM+s gq, FksA ge Ldwy dh bekjr ds igys ry ij isM+ksa dh
Nk;k esa cSB x,A uhps ds ry ij nks dejs Fks] ftuesa ,d ls ysdj vkBoha
rd d{kk,a py jgh FkhaA mu lHkh vkB d{kkvksa ds 53 cPpksa ds bdykSrs
f”k{kd gekjs lkFk dejss ds ,d dksus esa pqipki cSBs gq, FksA mUgksaus cPpkas dks dqN dk;Z fn;k gqvk
Fkk] rkfd os gekjs lkFk bl laf{kIr ckrphr esa fgLlk ys ldsaA
og NksVk lk dejk Ldwy ds iwoZ Nk=ksa ls Hkjk gqvk Fkk] ftudh la[;k 17 FkhA ftuesa ls yxHkx
rhu] nl ?kaVs dh jkr Hkj dh cl ;k=k djds Ldwy igqaps FksA ckdh ds lHkh ,d ;k nks ?kaVs dh
;k=k lkoZtfud clksa ;k vius nksifg;k okgu ls djds igaqaps FksA mueas ls cl nks gh vc bl
xkao esa jgrs FksA tSls&tSls ifjp; dk nkSj c<+k oSls&oSls esjh my>u Hkh c<+rh xbZA ;s lHkh
ukStoku ;gka D;ksa vk,\ oks Hkh ?kaVksa dh ;k=k djdsA tSls eSa gj eghus dbZ Ldwy foftV djrk gwa
oSls gh esjs fy, rks ;g ,d lk/kkj.k Ldwy ;k=k gh FkhA esjh vis{kk esa rks f”k{kd] cPpksa vkSj cgqr
gqvk rks leqnk; ds dqN yksxksa ls ckr djuk “kkfey FkkA ;g fdlh rjg dk dksbZ lekjksg rks Fkk
ughaA
bl ckr dk mRrj csgn vklku FkkA f”k{kk esa :fp j[kus okyk] muds bykds ls ckgj dk dksbZ
O;fDr] cjlksa ckn muds Ldwy esa igaqapk FkkA os pkgrs Fks fd muds Ldwy dh dgkuh HkyhHkkafr
lqukbZ tk,A os bl ckr ds fy, bl f”k{kd] tks muds Hkh f”k{kd jg pqds Fks] ij ;dhu ugha
djrs FksA blfy, os lc [kqn ;gka vk, rkfd vius Ldwy ds ckjs esa crk ldsaA
cgqr iqjkuh ckr gS tc os lc cPps Fks] rc Ldwy esa dksbZ vkSj f”k{kd i<+k;k djrs FksA os cPpksa dk
/;ku j[kus okys vkSj n;kyq FksA tc os Fks mu fnuksa Ldwy dh ftUnxh mRlkg vkSj [kq”kh ls Hkjh
gqbZ FkhA os mUgsa vPNs ls i<+krs Fks vkSj cPpksa dk /;ku Hkh j[krs FksA os u flQZ mudh f”k{kk dk
cfYd muds LokLF; vkSj muds ifjokj ds ckjs esa Hkh fpfUrr jgrs FksA ,d fnu f”k{kd vkSj

muds cPpksa us rhu ikS/ks jksius dk QSlyk fd;kA
mUgksaus cknke dk isM+ pqukA ;g rks ;kn ugha fd D;ksa] cgqr iqjkuh ckr gS tc os lc cPps Fks]
“kk;n blfy, D;ksafd brus iFkjhys] xeZ vkSj lw[ks rc Ldwy esa dksbZ vkSj f'k{kd i<+k;k
okrkoj.k esa dksbZ cknke ds isM+ksa dh dYiuk ugha dj djrs FksA os cPpksa dk /;ku j[kus okys
ldrkA Ldwy esa ftanxh ets vkSj O;Lrrk esa vkSj n;kyq FksA mu fnuksa Ldwy dh
fudyrh jghA os isM+ksa dh ns[kHkky djrs jgs tks gjs ftUnxh mRlkg vkSj [kq'kh ls Hkjh gqbZ
cSaxuh vkSj fQj lysVh gks x, tSlk fd cknke ds isM+ksa FkhA os mUgsa vPNs ls i<+krs Fks vkSj cPpksa
ds lkFk gksrk gSA ysfdu vxys gh o’kZ mUgksaus ,d dk /;ku Hkh j[krs FksA os u flQZ
rwQku dk lkeuk fd;kA muds f”k{kd dk rcknyk mudh f'k{kk dk cfYd muds
nwljs ljdkjh Ldwy esa dj fn;k x;k vkSj mudh LokLF; vkSj muds ifjokj ds ckjs esa Hkh
txg ysus ds fy, nks u, f”k{kd bl Ldwy esa yk, fpfUrr jgrs FksA ,d fnu f'k{kd vkSj
x,A ,d f”k{kd dks fdlh ckr ls dksbZ eryc ugha muds cPpksa us rhu ikS/ks jksius dk
Fkk nwljs Øwj LoHkko ds FksA bu nksuksa us blds ckn dh QSlyk fd;kA mUgkasus cknke dk isM+
mudh lHkh Le`fr;ksa dks feVk fn;k FkkA flQZ ,d pqukA ;g rks ;kn ugha fd D;ksa] 'kk;n
lky esa gh rhl esa nks ds vykok lHkh cPpksa us Ldwy blfy, D;ksafd brus iFkjhys xeZ vkSj
NksM+ fn;k] dqN us ikl ds xkao ds ljdkjh Ldwy esa lw[ks okrkoj.k esa dksbZ cknke ds isM+ksa
nkf[kyk ys fy;k vkSj dqN Ldwy ls Mªki vkmV gks dh dYiuk ugha dj ldrkA Ldwy
x,A esa ftanxh ets vkSj O;Lrrk esa
mUgksaus Ldwy rks NksM+ fn;k Fkk] ysfdu isM+ksa dks ugha fudyrh jghA
NksM+k FkkA os mudh ns[kHkky djrs jgs mUgsa ikuh nsrs
jgs] NaVkbZ djrs jgs vkSj mUgsa cpkrs jgs vkSj isM+ c<+rs
jgsA
lky fudyk vkSj xfeZ;ksa esa mu nksuksa f”k{kdksa dk rcknyk dj fn;k x;kA mudh txg ;s “kkar
f”k{kd vk, tks vHkh gekjs lkFk dejs ds dksus eas cSBs gq, FksA mUgksaus vius nks cPpksa vkSj rhu isM+ksa
dh lq/k yhA ;s nks cPps gj fnu muds ckjs esa xkao esa ppkZ djrs FksA os cPps tks isM+ksa dh ns[kHkky
djrs Fks mUgksaus ns[kk fd muds isM+ksa dh ns[kHkky dh tk jgh gSA rc f”k{kd us mu cPpksa ls tkdj
ckr dh tks lkjk fnu [ksrksa esa ?kwers Fks] cdfj;ka pjkrs Fks ;k ;wa gh ?kqeDdM+h fd;k djrs FksA muls
Hkh ftUgksaus Ldwy NksM+ fn;k FkkA f”k{kd us mUgsas Ldwy vkus ds fy, euk;kA
,d ds ckn ,d os lHkh okil vk x,A muds ihNs os Hkh okfil vk, ftUgksaus nwljs Ldwyksa esa uke
fy[kok fy;k FkkA bl “kkar vkneh ds ckjs esa ;g lqudj] tks fdlh cPps ftruk gh n;kyq Fkk vkSj
fdlh Hkh cPps dks lc dqN fl[kk ldrk Fkk] ,d lky ds Hkhrj ikl ds xkaoksa ls cPps okfil
vk,A tc lcls cM+s cPpksa dk lewg d{kk ikapoh esa igqapk rc ljdkj us Ldwy dks vkBoha d{kk

rd c<+k fn;k rkfd cPps mlh Ldwy esa mlh f”k{kd ds lkFk jgsaA fdlh Hkh vfrfjDr f”k{kd dh
inLFkkiuk ugha dh xbZA
;g f”k{kd g¶rs ds lkrksa fnu Ldwy dks tkjh j[krs Fks vkSj vkBksa d{kkvksa dks i<+krs FksA le; ds
lkFk lcls cM+s cPps vkBoha d{kk ls mÙkh.kZ gksdj ikl ds gkbZ Ldwy esa nkf[kyk ys pqds FksA
gkykafd mUgksaus lpeqp Ldwy ugha NksM+k FkkA os lHkh jfookj dks “kke dks vkSj NqfV~V;ksa ds fnuksa
esa okfil vkrs Fks rkfd muds f”k{kd mUgsa i<+k ldasA ,d n”kd ls T;knk le; chr x;k] bl
“kkar vkneh us viuk dke gj fnu tkjh j[kk tSlk fd brus o’kksZa ls gksrk vk;k FkkA Ldwy esa
ftUnxh yxHkx oSlh gh py jgh FkhA
yssfdu muds og Nk= tks ;gka bdB~Bk gq, Fks] muds fy, ftUnxh oSlh ugha Fkh] vkSj u gh
muds fy, tks ;gka ugha FksA vc tks mudk thou gS os mldh dYiuk bl NksVs xjhc ls =Lr
xkao eas dj Hkh ugha ldrs FksA muesa nks] tks ;gka nl ?kaVksa dh ;k=k djds igaqaps Fks] ,d oSf”od
vkbZ-Vh- daiuh esa dke djrs FksA rhljk MkWDVj Fkk] ckdh l=g esa ls iqfyl baLisDVj] lQy
O;kikjh] f”k{kd] yksd lsod ;gka rd fd ,d mHkjrk gqvk usrk Hkh FksA
ge ;gka vkidks ;g dgkuh lqukus ds fy, gh vk, gSaA ;g og Hkxoku gSa ftuesa ge Hkjkslk djrs
gSaA vkSj ge gh ;g vkidks crk ldrs gSa blfy, ge ;gka gSaA os ¼f”k{kd½ viuh dqlhZ ij cSBs gq,
cSpSuh ls NViVk jgs Fks vkSj ekSdk feyrs gh mUgksaus ckrphr ds chp esa d{kk esa tkus dk cgkuk
fd;kA
tc ge okfil tkus yxs rks os ¼f”k{kd½ gesa NksM+us dkj rd vk, vkSj viuh dksey vkSj
mTtoy eqLdku QSykbZ tSls os vius cPpksa ds lkFk gkas] vkSj dgk& mudk fo”okl er dhft,
lj] os lc dqN c<+k&p<+k dj crkrs gSaA os cl cgqr vPNs cPps gSaA tSls&tSls gekjh dkj us
xfr idM+h ihNs ns[kus ij lc dqN /kqa/kyk iM+us yxk ysfdu os rhuksa isM+ ugha /kaq/kyk,A dqN Hkh
,d egku ÅapkbZ rd igqap ldrk gS vxj vki cl Hkjiwj ns[kHkky djssa rksA
lkHkkj& lqcg&losjs] 27 ekpZ 2020






  
  

lM+d ls FkksM+h nwj pyus ij ,d
xsV [kqyrk gS] ,d fo'kky çkax.k
o lqanj lh cfx;k >k¡drh fn[kkbZ
nsrh gSA fo|ky; ds pkjksa vksj
lqanj Qwy eqLdqjkrs gSa vkSj ,d
lqanj lh cfx;k ygyykrh gSA
;gk¡ igqaprs gh ldkjkRedrk dk
vglkl Nwus yxrk gS] fo|ky;
dk ekgkSy bruk mUeqä gS vkSj
cPpksa dk vkRefo'okl bl dnj
Nydrk gS fd cPpksa dks vki
d{kk&d{k esa ;k d{kk ds ckgj Hkh ets ls ukprs&xkrs] xhr cukrs ns[k ldrs gSaA ;s cPps vius
Hkhrj dh reke l`tukRedrk fc[ksjus dks O;kdqy utj vkrs gSaA çkFkfed fo|ky; f?ka?kkjrksyk
ftyk eq[;ky; ls 21 fd-eh- dh nwjh ij fLFkr gSA fo|ky; esa cPpksa dks [ksyus ds fy, ,d
fo'kky [ksy dk eSnku gS] tgka pkjksa vksj ls fofHkUu ikS/ks yxs gq, gSa tks fo|ky; dh lqanjrk dks
c<+kus ds lkFk&lkFk cPpksa ds i<+us&fy[kus es lgk;d gksrs gSaA çR;ds cPps dh ftEesnkjh gksrh
gS fd og ikS/kksa dh ns[kHkky djs] mudk j[k&j[kko djsA ;gk¡ ij rhu dejs] ,d v‚fQl o ,d
cjkenk gSA ,d dejs eas cPpksa ds fy, iqLrdky; LFkkfir fd;k x;k gS tgka ij cPps viuh eu
ilan dh iqLrdsa i<+rs gSaA cPpksa us dkSu&dkSu lh iqLrdsa i<+h gSa bldk fooj.k nhokj ij yxs
pkVZ ls ns[kk tk ldrk gSA
;gk¡ ij cPps çkstsDVj ds ek/;e ls fofHkUu çdkj dh cky fQYe] o n`'; lkexzh dk vkuan ysrs
gSa tks muds lh[kus&fl[kkus dh çfØ;k eas enn djrh gSaA fo|ky; dk okrkoj.k dkQh
vkuannk;d gSA cPps lewg eas dke djrs gSa] dqN cPps dykRed lkexzh dk fuekZ.k djrs gSa] dqN
dgkuh&dfork i<+rs gSa] dqN nhokj if=dk ds fy, ys[k fy[krs gSaA ;fn fo|ky; dh lEiw.kZ
fnup;kZ dk voyksdu fd;k tk, rks ns[kk tk ldrk gS fd ;gk¡ ij cky dsfUær okrkoj.k dk
fuekZ.k gksrk fn[kkbZ nsrk gSA cPps f'k{kd ds lkFk loky&tokc djrs gSa fdlh fo"k; ij viuh
jk; j[krs gSaA fo|ky; dks lqpk: :i ls O;ofLFkr djus ds fy, tks fu;e cuk, tkrs gSa muesa
cPpksa dh egRoiw.kZ Hkkxhnkjh gksrh gSaA fu;e cukus o mudk ikyu djus esa f'k{kd o cPps nksuksa
dh ftEesnkjh gksrh gS tSls& [kkuk [kkus ls igys twrs pIiy mrkjuk vkfnA ;g fu;e ftruk
cPpksa ds fy, vfuok;Z gS mruk gh f'k{kd ds fy, HkhA ;fn dHkh fdlh fu;e dk ikyu ugh
fd;k tkrk gS rks ml ij cPpksa ds lkFk fQj ls ckrphr dh tkrh gS vkSj mudks /;ku fnyk;k
tkrk gS fd tks fu;e geus cuk, gSa og fo|ky; dks csgrj cukus esa fdl çdkj ls lgk;d gksrs

gSaA cPps brus mRlkg ds lkFk fo|ky; eas jgrs gSa fd ;fn mu ls iwNk tk, fd vki ?kj D;ksa ugh
tk jgs gks rks og dgrs gSa fd gesa viuk Ldwy vPNk yxrk gS ;gk¡ ls tkus dk eu ugha djrk gSA
lj us crk;k fd tc ls og bl fo|ky; esa vk, gSa rc ls os ,dy f”k{kd jgs gSaA mUgksaus 2001
ls f'k{kk fe= ds ek/;e ls f'k{kk esa viuk ;ksxnku nsuk 'kq: dj fn;k FkkA blls igys mUgkasus
fnYyh egkuxj esa viuh lsok nh FkhA os 2001 ls 2010 rd jktdh; çkFkfed fo|ky; uk;y
esa dk;Zjr jgsA blds ckn 3 eghus çkFkfed fo|ky; fljksyh eas dk;Z fd;kA os çkFkfed
fo|ky; f?ka?kkjrksyk esa pkj lky ls cPpksa ds lkFk lh[kus&fl[kkus dh çfØ;k eas layXu gSa]
mUgkasus crk;k fd tc og bl fo|ky; esa vk, rc ;gk¡ ij 16 cPps Fks vkSj orZeku esa bl
fo|ky; eas 23 cPps gSaA tc ls f'k{kk esa dke fd;k gS rc ls vius dke eas vkuan vkus yxk gSA eSa
f'k{kd ds in dks lEeku dh –f"V ls ns[krk gw¡] vkSj eq>s yxrk gS fd eSa blh ds fy, cuk gw¡A
orZeku esa ge ljdkjh f'k{kdksa ds lkeus cgqr lkjh pqukSfr;ka gSa] ,d rjQ rks gesa bu pqukSfr;ksa
dk lkeuk djuk gS] nwljh rjQ lekt dks vPNk ifj.kke pkfg, rkfd yksxksa dk ljdkjh f'k{kk
ij fo'okl dk;e jgsA bu pqukSfr;ksa dks Qsl djuk mu ls tw>uk eq>s vPNk yxrk gS D;ksafd
mldk ifj.kke dkQh lq[kn gksrk gSA ;fn ge eu yxkdj dke djrs gSa rks dksbZ Hkh fo"k;
dfBu ugha gksrk gSA f'k{kk esa tks Hkh pqukSfr;k¡ vkrh gSa og eq>s vkxs c<+us esa lgk;rk djrh gSaA
ges'kk lh[kus dh bPNk eu esa jgrh gSA tc Hkh dgha dqN u;k feyrk gS rks lksprk gw¡ bls eSa
vius fo|ky; esa cPpksa ds lkFk dj ldrk gw¡A fdrkcksa ds ç;ksx djds [kqn Hkh lh[kk vkSj blh
lh[kus dh bPNk us eq>s fQj ls i<+us ds fy, çsfjr fd;k vkSj eSaus vius f'k{k.k dk;Z ds
lkFk&lkFk M-A- ^f'k{kk* ,oa ch-,M- fd;kA gesa viuh f'k{kk dks ;k vius lh[ks gq, Kku dks
fujarj viMsV djrs jguk pkfg,] D;ksafd f'k{kk gh ,d ,slh txg gS tagk ;fn ge [kqn dks
viMsV ugha dj ik, rks ge cgqr ihNs gks tk,axs vkSj ge cgqr ihNs gks x, rks gekjs lkFk&lkFk
og cPps Hkh ihNs gks tk,axs tks Hkkjr dk Hkfo"; gaSA
vius cpiu ds ckjs esa lj us crk;k fd eSa i<+us okyk cPpk ugha Fkk] fdrkcsa de i<+rk Fkk fdUrq
d{kk esa /;ku ls lqurk FkkA ;g esjh ço`fÙk jgh gSA ikfjokfjd thou xzkeh.k ifjos'k esa chrk] xk¡o
ds ikl ljdkjh fo|ky; ls f'k{kk çkIr dhA mudk ekuuk gS fd fo|ky; esa cPpksa ds ekufld
fodkl ds fy, xfrfof/k vk/kkfjr f'k{k.k egRoiw.kZ gS] rkfd cPps [kqn djds lh[kus&fl[kkus dh
çfØ;k esa vkxs i<+ ik,¡A ,dy f”k{kd gksus ds dkj.k os foHkkxh; çf'k{k.k esa çfrHkkx ugha dj
ikrs gSaA eu esa ,d fpark Hkh jgrh Fkh fd dSls [kqn dks viMsV j[kw¡\ bl fpark us esjs fy, cgqr
lkjs jkLrs [kksys vkSj eaS fofHkUu laLFkkuksa ls tqM+k] muds laidZ esa jgk] mlds ckn eu dh gypy
FkksM+h de gqbZA eSaus LoSfNd izf'k{k.k vt+he izseth QkmaMs'ku vYeksM+k eas çfrHkkx fd;k] ^vkVZ
bu ,tqds'ku* izf'k{k.k ds ek/;e ls eaSus lh[kk fd laxhr ,oa dyk dk f'k{kk esa gksuk fdruk
t:jh gSA f'k{kk esa gh ugha vfirq gekjs thou esa Hkh bldk egRoiw.kZ LFkku gSA

bl dk;Z'kkyk ds ckn eSaus vius fo|ky; esa laxhr ,oa dyk dks egRoiw.kZ LFkku fn;kA blds
ek/;e ls cPpksa dh #fp;ksa dks tkuus eas vklkuh gqbZ blls cPps [kqydj çfrHkkx dj ik jgs FksA
yxHkx pkj lky ls xzh"edkyhu o 'khrdkyhu dk;Z'kkyk eas çfrHkkx djrs gq, vius f'k{k.k dks
vkSj csgrj cukus ds fy, cgqr lkjh phtsa lh[khaA i<+us ls gh i<+uk vkrk gS ;g ckr eu o
fnekx es cSB xbZ FkhA vc blds fy, tn~nkstgn 'kq: dj nhA fo|ky; eas cPpksa ds lkFk
feydj lQkbZ dhA cDls es can iM+h fdrkcksa dks [kksyk vkSj i<+us dh ?kaVh ij cPpksa ds lkFk
dke 'kq: dj fn;kA ;g Hkh ,d çfØ;k gS fd dSls cPps 'kCnksa dks i<+rs gSa] okD; dSls cukrs gSa]
dSls og vius lalkj eas Hkk"kk dks x<+rs gSaA esjs fy, ;g le>uk fdlh vk'p;Z ls de ugha FkkA
,dy v/;kid ds fy, vius dke dks vklku vkSj jkspd cukus ds fy, iqLrdky; dkQh
egRoiw.kZ gSaA bl xfrfof/k ds ek/;e ls cPpksa es i<+us dk fodkl gqvk vkt esjs fo|ky; ds lkjs
cPps i<+ ikrs gSaA bl xfrfof/k dks djus ds ckn eglwl gqvk fd ge D;ksa viuh fdrkcksa rd gh
lhfer jgrs gSa] ;fn gekjk mís'; cPpksa dks i<+uk fl[kkuk gS rks mlds fy, ek/;e dksbZ Hkh gks
ldrk gS ftlls cPps vklkuh ls lh[k tk,¡ vkSj mudk lh[kk gqvk Kku LFkk;h jgsA bl
xfrfof/k ds ek/;e ls cgqr lkjs ewY;ksa dk fodkl gksrk gS vkSj bls eaSus cPpksa ds lkFk dke djrs
gq, eglwl fd;k gS] tSls& lewg esa dke djuk] ,d nwljs dh enn djuk] fdrkcksa dks lqjf{kr
j[kuk] ftEesnkjh ysuk o mldk ikyu djukA vkt gekjs fo|ky; eas çR;sd ekg nhokj if=dk
fudyrh gS ftlesa vyx&vyx vad gksrs gSa tSls& fgUnh Hkk"kk fo'ks"kkad] bafXy'k Hkk"kk fo'ks"kkad
¼=Sekfld½] fp=] dgkuh] dfork vkfnA
rhu lky yxkrkj iqLrdky; ij dke djus ds ckn vkt esjs fo|ky; eas fLFkfr bl çdkj ls gS
fd cPps dgkfu;ka] ;k=k o`rkar] vius vkl&ikl ds vuqHko fy[kuk vkSj fdrkcksa esa fy[kh
dgkfu;ksa dks vkxs c<+krs gSaA ,d f'k{kd gksus ds ukrs gesa yxrk gS fd cPps us dgkuh 'kq) ugha
fy[kh gS fdUrq ftl fnu gekjk utfj;k cny tkrk gS ml fnu ge dkQh vkxs c<+ tkrs gSaA ;g
esjs lkFk Hkh gqvkA 'kq#vkr eas eSaus cPpksa dh xyfr;ksa dks utjvankt fd;k vkSj vkt cPps vius
vuqHko fy[krs gSaA tc ge f'k{kk esa dke djrs gSa rks gekjs mís'; dkQh cM+s gksus pkfg,A ge
f'k{kk esa dke djrs gSa rks gekjk mís'; gS lafo/kku esa fy[ks ewY;ksa dk ikyu djuk o mu ewY;ksa dks
thuk] mudh j{kk djukA vkSj ;g ewY; gekjh f'k{kk O;oLFkk esa fo"k; ds ek/;e ls cqus gq, gksrs
gSaA esjk mís'; gksrk gS fd eSa bu ewY;ksa dks thuk lh[kw¡ vkSj cPpksa dks le>k ldw¡ fd gekjs ewY;
fdrus egRoiw.kZ gksrs gSaA vius nSfud fØ;kdyki ds ek/;e ls eq>s ,d fnu bu ewY;ksa ij
lkspus dh vko';drk iM+hA fo|ky; dh Nqêh gksus gh okyh Fkh vkSj gesa utnhd ds vU;
fo|ky; esa fdlh dk;ZØe esa çfrHkkx djuk FkkA bl chp eaSus cPpksa ls dgk fd vki ml
fo|ky; esa tkvks vkSj eSa Hkkstu ekrk ds lkFk feydj fo|ky; candj nwaxkA esjs fy, ;g cksyuk
rks vklku Fkk fdUrq bl ij dk;Z djuk dfBu FkkA ml fnu eq>s vglkl gqvk fd fo|ky; dk

lkeku lesVuk vkSj mls
O;ofLFkr djuk fdruk dfBu
dke gSA cPps bls vklkuh ls dj
ysrs gSaA ge cPpksa dks funsZ'k nsrs gSa
fd ;s lkeku j[k nks fdUrq cPpksa
dks bl dk;Z dks djus es fdruk
dfBu ifjJe djuk iM+rk gSA
eaSus lkspk fd gekjk pfj= nksgjk
gSA ,d rjQ rks ge cPpksa dks
ewY; fl[kkus okys gSa vkSj nwljh
rjQ ge mu ewY;ksa dks thrs gh
ugh gSaA
f'k{kd ,d jksy ekWMy gS cPpksa ds fy,A cPps f'k{kd dh xfrfof/k;ksa ls lh[krs gSa vkSj gekjh
xfrfof/k;ka bl çdkj dh gksrh gSa fd cPps lkspus ij etcwj gks tkrs gSa fd tks gesa fl[kk jgs gSa
ogh bl ij dke ugh djrs gSaA blds ckn eSaus fu.kZ; fy;k fd cPpksa ds lkFk feydj dk;Z
d:axk o ftu ewY;ksa dk ikyu cPpksa dks djus ds fy, dgw¡xk igys Lo;a ml ij dke d:axkA
ge vDlj cPpksa dks jVk nsrs gSa fd ^lnk lR; cksyuk pkfg,*] fdUrq geas ;g ns[kuk iM+sxk fd
cPps us bls ;kn dj fy;k ;k mls vius thou esa ç;ksx dj jgs gaSA ftl lekt esa ge jg jgs gSa
ogk¡ ij bu ewY;ksa dks ns[k ikuk FkksM+k dfBu gSA cpiu ls gh ge ,sls lekt es thrs gSa tgka ij
gekjk nksgjk pfj= gksrk gS geas le> es ugh vkrk gS fd vkf[kj lgh D;k gSA gkykafd cpiu ls
cus fo'okl tc VwVrs gSa rks muds VwVus dk FkksM+k nnZ rks gksrk gS fdUrq bu ij dke djuk esjs
f'k{k.k dk egRoiw.kZ fgLlk gSA fo|ky; leqnk; dk gS vkSj bldh j{kk djus dh ftEesnkjh Hkh
leqnk; dh gS bldk fo'okl fnykus ds fy, eSaus leqnk; ds lkFk laidZ cukuk 'kq: fd;kA
cPpksa dh xfrfof/k dks vfHkHkkod ns[ksa] f'k{kd dks QhMcSd nsa blds fy, vfHkHkkod fujarj
fo|ky; esa vkrs gSa] fo|ky; dh xfrfof/k;ksa esa çfrHkkx djrs gSaA leqnk; feydj fo|ky; ds
j[k&j[kko ds fy, fu;e cukrs gSaA tSls& ;fn fo|ky; es yack vodk'k gS rks xeyksa ds
j[k&j[kko dh ftEesnkjh leqnk; dh gksrh gSA çR;sd vfHkHkkod dqN&dqN xeyksa dks vius ?kj
es j[krs gSa vkSj mlds ckn fo|ky; [kqyus ij bu xeyksa dks ;gha j[k ysrs gSaA
leqnk; fdl çdkj ls cPpksa ds i<+us&fy[kus eas enn djrk gS bldk mnkgj.k ;gk¡ ij ns[kus
dks feyk gSA leqnk; dh enn ds ek/;e ls cPpksa us fofHkUu fo"k;ksa ij tkudkjh ,d= dh]
mlds ckn fo|ky; esa vkdj f'k{kd ds lkFk ml lkexzh ij ppkZ&ifjppkZ dh vkSj mls pkVZ
ij fy[kkA bl tkudkjh dks dSls leqnk; ds lkFk lk>k fd;k tk, fd cPpksa ds lh[kus fl[kkus

dh çfØ;k es vkidk fdruk
vf/kd ;ksxnku gSA blds fy,
fo|ky; eas ,d dk;ZØe j[kk
x;k ftls ^cky 'kks/k esyk* dgk
x;k tgka ij leqnk; dks vkeaf=r
fd;k x;k vkSj cPpksa us fofHkUu
fo"k;ksa ij çkIr tkudkjh dks
vfHkHkkodksa ds lkFk lk>k fd;kA
bl çfØ;k es vfHkHkkodksa us cPpksa
dk iw.kZ:i ls lg;ksx fd;kA
f'k{kd us crk;k fd fo|ky; eas
fofHkUu xfrfof/k;ka gksrh gSaA cPps Je ds egRo dks tkusa vkSj Je djus okys yksxksa ds çfr
lEeku dh Hkkouk j[ksa blds fy, cPpksa dks fofHkUu lewgksa eas fofHkUu dk;Z djus gksrs gSa tSls&
ikS/kksa dh ns[kHkky djuk] D;kjh cukuk vkfnA
;gk¡ ij ?kaVh dh dksbZ O;oLFkk ugh gS] fo|ky; esa Nqêh ds le; ds ckn Hkh d{kk,a lapkfyr gksrh
gSaA f'k{kd us crk;k fd bl le; mu cPpksa ij fo'ks"k /;ku fn;k tkrk gS tks d{kk&d{k dh
çfØ;kvksa esa ihNs NwV tkrs gSaA fdUrq fo|ky; esa lkjs cPps jgrs gSaA bl ij dkQh yksxksa us
f'k{kd ls loky fd;k fd ;fn vki Nqêh ds ckn Hkh cPpksa dks Ldwy esa j[krs gSa rks vkidks ugh
yxrk fd ljdkj us tks le; fn;k gS mlls vfrfjä vki cPpksa dks fo|ky; es j[krs gSa\ tks
cPps i<+us eas Bhd gSa mUgsa Hkh vki fo|ky; es jksd dj j[krs gSa\ bl ij f'k{kd us crk;k fd
;fn eSa mu cPpksa dks] tks cPps d{kk&d{k dh çfØ;kvksa es ihNs NwV x, gSa] vfrfjä le; ds
fy, j[krk gw¡ rks mUgsa ;g vglkl gksus yx tkrk gS fd ge vU; cPpksa fd vis{kk FkksM+k detksj
gSa ;k vyx gSaA blls mueas ghu Hkkouk iSnk gks tkrh gSA rks og muds lh[kus ij vlj Mkyrh
vkSj cPps dk lh[kuk vo#) gks tkrk gSA dqN cPpksa dks vyx djuk lekurk ds ewY; ds
f[kykQ gS vkSj eSa bl çfØ;k ij dke ugh djrk gw¡A 2019 'kSf{kd l= esa bl fo|ky; esa dqN
cPps utnhd ds çkbosV Ldwy ls vk, gSa] mu cPpksa dh fnup;kZ bl fo|ky; dh fnup;kZ ls
FkksM+h vyx jgh gSA budks le>uk f'k{kd ds fy, ,d pqukSrh gSA mueas ls ,d cPpk ,slk gS
ftldks i<+uk&fy[kuk ugha vkrk gS og cPpk d{kk pkj eas i<+rk gSA f'k{kd us crk;k fd eSa bls
,d leL;k ds :i esa ugha ns[krk gw¡A ;g esjs fy, ,d pqukSrh gS] fd eq>s bl cPps dks
i<+uk&fy[kuk fl[kkuk gSA ;g vPNk gqvk fd ;g cPpk esjs fo|ky; eas vk;kA ojuk eq>s bl
çdkj ls lkspus dk ekSdk ugha feyrkA f'k{kd fujarj lh[krs jgrs gSa vius lh[ks gq, dks viMsV
djrs jgrs gSaA vius vuqHkoksa dks fy[kus dh dksf'k'k djrs gSaA muds fy[ks gq, vuqHko if=dkvksa
ds ek/;e ls Hkh lk>k fd, x, tSls& çokg] lanHkZ vkfnA

ch-vkj-ih- gse yksgkuh & f'k{kd txnh”k nQkSVh vius f'k{k.k dk;Z es brus layXu jgrs gSa fd
og le; ns[kuk Hkwy tkrs gSaA f'k{kk o cPpksa ds çfr mudk leiZ.k dkQh ljkguh; gSA Nqêh ds
ckn o fo|ky; vodk'k ds nkSjku cPpksa dks vfrfjä le; nsuk mudh çfØ;k dk fgLlk cu
x;k gSA cPpksa ds lkFk muds Lrj ij tkdj i<+krs gSa] og ,sls f'k{kd ugha gSa tks dqlhZ eas cSBdj
i<+krs gSaA og cPpksa ds lkFk tehu eas cSBdj i<+krs gSaA Hkk"kk i<+kus ds fofHkUu rjhdksa dks viukrs
gSaA cPpksa dks fofHkUu xfrfof/k;ksa ds ek/;e ls i<+krs gSaA
lalk/ku tqVkus ds fy, muds O;fäxr ç;kl cgqr jgrs gSa] vius O;fäxr ç;kl ls cPpksa ds
fy, çkstsDVj [kjhnk rkfd cPps vkuan ds lkFk i<a+sA ;fn og ch-vkj-lh- eas vkrs gSa rks mudh
mEehn jgrh gS fd ;gk¡ ls cPpksa ds fy, dqN lkexzh fey tk,] geus mUgsa fofHkUu çdkj dh lh-
Mh- miyC/k djkbZ gSa vkSj og mudk mi;ksx cPpksa ds lkFk djrs gSaA mudk ,d uokpkj gS&
fdrkcksa dk dksuk] ftlesa cPps vius eu ilan dh fdrkcsa i<+rs gSa vkSj fdrkc ij vius vuqHko
Hkh fy[krs gSaA nhokj if=dk ij f'k{kd us dkQh dke fd;k vkSj djrs jgrs gSaA f'k{kd lh[kus o
lalk/ku tqVkus dks ysdj dkQh vkxs jgrs gSaA f'k{kd ds bu ç;klksa ls ,oa leqnk; dk fo'okl
thrus ds dkj.k gh bl fo|ky; esa utnhd ds çkbosV fo|ky; ls 8 cPpksa us viuk ukekadu
djok;k gSA f'k{kk foHkkx dks ,sls gh f'k{kd dh t:jr gSA
¼txnh'k nQkSVh dh eheka”kk xksfn;ky ls gqbZ ckrphr ij vk/kkfjr½






  
  
  


VksMkjk;flag CykWd ds mRrj
if'pe fn'kk esa ekankSykbZ jksM ij
fLFkr gS u;kxkao fo|ky;A CykWd
eq[;ky; ls fo|ky; dh nwjh 27
fdyksehVj gSA fo|ky; rd
igqapus ds fy, 2 fdyksehVj rd
eq[; ekxZ ls iDdh jksM tkrh gSA
xkao esa yxHkx 45 ifjokj gSaA
u;kxkao esa tkV] czkgk.k] cSjok
leqnk; ds ifjokjksa dh yxHkx
700 tula[;k gS] ftudk eq[; O;oLkk; d`f"k gSA fo|ky; ifjlj dkQh cM+k gS vkSj LoPN jgrk
gSA fo|ky; esa 2 f'k{kd dk;Zjr gSaA 23 cPpksa ds ukekdau ds lkFk yxHkx 10 vukekafdr cPps
fo|ky; ls tqMs+ gq, gSa ;s cPps vius HkkbZ cfguksa ds lkFk fo|ky; vk tkrs gSa vkSj d{kk 1 ds
cPpksa ds lkFk cSBdj gh i<+kbZ&fy[kkbZ dk dk;Z djrs gSaA

vkseiky th vt+he izseth QkmaMs'ku dh xfrfof/k;kas ls foxr 2 lky ls tqM+dj]
lh[kus&fl[kkus ds fy, fofHkUu dk;Z'kkyk o vukSipkfjd eap dk mi;ksx djrs gSaA os dkQh
esgurh ,oa ÅtkZoku gSaA fo|ky; dh izfrfnu dh fnup;kZ esa muds }kjk cPpksa ds lkFk fd;k
x;k dk;Z mudh bl ÅtkZ dks cuk;s j[krk gSA fo|ky; esa cPpksa ds lkFk os fe=or O;ogkj ds
lkFk dk;Z djrs gSaA ;gh dkj.k gS fd cPps muls [kqydj ckrphr dj ikrs gSa vkSj f'k{k.k esa vkus
okyh leL;kvksa dks iwNrs gSa ftlls ;g f'k{k.k vkSj lgt fn[kkbZ nsrk gSA
vkseiky th izkFkZuk lHkk dks jkspd cukus vkSj cPpksa esa vfHkO;fDr dkS'ky ds fodkl gsrq ,d eap
nsus ds mn~ns'; ls dqN u;h xfrfof/k;ksa dk lekos'k Hkh dj jgs gaSA bl izkFkZuk lHkk esa cPpksa dks
ckyxhr] dfork] dgkuh lquus&lqukus dk volj fn;k tkrk gS ftlls cPpksa o f'k{kdksa ds e/;
vkilh fj'rs lgt cu ik;s gSaA bl lHkk esa dh tkus okyh xfrfof/k;ksa ls cPpksa dk lqcg ds l=
esa dkQh mRlkg curk gS tks fuf'pr rkSj ij muds f'k{k.k dks vkSj izHkkoh cukrk gSA fo|ky; esa
cPps Lovuq'kklu dh vksj mUeq[k gksa blds fy, f'k{kd le;≤ ij cPpksa ds lkFk ckrphr
dj vke jk; ls O;oLFkk cukus esa lg;ksx ysrs gaSA mnkgj.kLo:Ik igys cPps d{kk ds ckgj
twrs&pIIkyksa dks ,sls gh [kksy nsrs Fks] bl ij f'k{kd }kjk izkFkZuk lHkk vkSj dkyka'k esa lrr
ckrphr dj ,d O;oLFkk cukbZ x;h fd lHkh cPps vkSj f'k{kd pIiy&twrs iafDr esa mRkkjsaA 'kq:
esa bl dk;Z esa FkksM+h pqukSrh vkbZ ij vc lHkh cPps bl dk;Z esa lg;ksx djrs gSaA fo|ky; dh
lkQ&lQkbZ esa Hkh ;g lg;ksx fn[kkbZ nsrk gSA

fo|ky; esa cPpksa ds lkFk lh[kus&fl[kkus dh izfØ;k esa nksuksa f'k{kd cPpkas ds lkFk vUrfØZ;k
djrs gq, f'k{k.k dk;Z djrs gSaA f'k{kd vkseiky th d{kk 1 ls 5 rd cPPkksa ds lkFk vaxzsth o
xf.kr fo"k; ij dk;Z djrs gSaA f'k{kd cPpksa ds lkFk f'k{k.k dk;Z esa vo/kkj.kkRed le> cukus
ds fy, ikB;iqLrd vkSj blds brj xfrfof/k;ksa dk f'k{k.k esa lekos'k djrs gaSA f'k{kd ds d{kk
voyksdu esa ns[kk x;k fd cPpks ds lkFk xf.kr esa lafØ;kvksa ij dk;Z djus gsrq cPpksa dks igys
xksy ?ksjs essa cSBkdj lgt djus dh xfrfof/k dh xbZA blds ckn tksM+ fl[kkus ds fy, dqN
mnkgj.k ysrs gq, laokn fd;k x;kA bl izfØ;k esa cPpksa ds iwoZKku dks tksM+rs gq, la[;k
igpku] LFkkuh;eku] la[;k esa LFkku ds cnyko dh le>] vkSj fQj lk/kkj.k tksM+ ls gkfly ds
tksM+ fl[kkus dh izfd;k dks le>uk FkkA blds fy, tgka t:jr yxrh gS ogka lgk;d f'k{k.k
lkexzh dk Hkh mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA f'k{kd us ckrphr esa crk;k fd vkerkSj ij cPPks la[;kvksa
dks jV ysrs gSa ftlls cPpksa esa ek=kRed le> ugha cu ikrhA blds fy, t:jh gS igys Bksl
phtksa ls cPpksa ds lkFk dk;Z fd;k tk;s vkSj tc ;g vH;kl Bhd fn'kk esa gks tk;s rc vewrZ
vo/kkj.kkvksa dh vkSj c<+uk pkfg;s ftlls cPps xf.kr dks Bhd ls le> ikrs gSaA d{kk esa cPpksa
ds Lrj dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, milewg esa f'k{k.k vkSj rn~uq:Ik f'k{k.k lkexzh dk mi;ksx djuk
t:jh gksrk gsSA
d{kk esa cPpksa ds lkFk laokn ds nkSjku LFkkuh; Hkk"kk dk mi;ksx djrs gq, LFkkuh; mnkgj.k ds
lkFk le> cukus dk iz;kl fd;k tkrk gSA blls cPps dkQh lgt gks tkrs gSa vkSj mnkgj.kksa ds
lkFk ckrphr djus ls vo/kkj.kk dks lgh :Ik esa le>us esa Hkh enn feyrh gSA d{kk esa dk;Z ds
nkSjku cPpkas dh Hkkxhnkjh lh[kus&fl[kkus esa csgrj cu ikrh gSA
blh lanHkZ esa fo|ky; esa f'kf{kdk ek;k th }kjk fgUnh vkSj i;kZoj.k fo"k; ij dk;Z fd;k tkrk
gSA ek;k th cPpksa ds lkFk Hkk"kk&f'k{k.k esa LFkkuh; Hkk"kk esa dgkuh lqukuk vkSj cPpksa ls dgkuh
lquus rFkk cPpksa dh eu dh ckr dks lqudj le>rh gSaA f'kf{kdk us crk;k fd ,d f'k{kd ds
fy, ;g t:jh gS fd 'kq#vkrh d{kkvksa esa cPpksa dks fy[kus&i<+us ds fy, rS;kj djus ls igys
blls tqMs+ i{kksa ij dk;Z djuk t:jh gS ftlls cPpkas dk ekufld :Ik ls yxko cu ikrk gSA
d{kk esa Hkk"kk f'k{k.k iqLrdky; dk] fp= o lanHkZ vkSj jaxhu i`"B ;qDr iqLrd dk mi;ksx djds]
dgkuh lqukuk vkSj fp= ij ppkZ djus ls cPpksa dk tqM+ko ckrphr ls cu ikrk gSA ek;k th
cPpkas dks xksy ?ksjs esa cSBkdj 'kSf{kd dk;Z djrh gSa ftlls gj cPps dk tqM+ko cu ikrk gSA
fo|ky; esa ijEijkxr f'k{k.k O;oLFkk ds LFkku ij l`tukRed o jpukRed dk;Z ij tksj fn;k
tkrk gSA fo|ky; ds okrkoj.k esa f'k{kd vkSj cPpksa ds e/; feydj] lh[kus&fl[kkus dk ekgkSy
cu ik;k gSA

  

fo|ky; esa nksuksa f'k{kd@
f'kf{kdk cPpksa ds lh[kus dks
ysdj ;g ekurs gSa fd gj dksbZ
cPpk d{kk esa lh[kus dh izfØ;k
ls tqM+dj lh[k ldrk gSA ;g
ckr f'k{kd ds dke djus dh
izfØ;k vkSj vo/kkj.kkRed le>
ij fuHkZj djrh gSA cPps dks ge
D;k fl[kkus tk jgs gSa] D;kas vkSj dSls fl[kkus dh ckr djrs gSa\ vxj cPps dks d{kk esa lh[kus ds
mfpr volj vkSj ekgkSy fn;k tk;s rks gj cPpk lh[k ldrk gSA vkseiky th vt+he izseth
QkmaMs'ku ds lkFk vdknfed dk;Z'kkyk o laokn ls tqMdj Lo;a dh {kerkvksa dk lao/kZu dj
ik;s gSaA vkseiky th d{kk&d{k dh leL;kvkas dks i<+us&fy[kus ds lkFk gy dj ikrs gSA

fo|ky; ls LFkkuh; xkao esa fuokl djus okys leqnk;ksa ds cPps f'k{k.k ds fy, tqM+s gq, gSaA
fo|ky; esa leqnk; o vfHkHkkodksa dk tqM+ko cPpksa ds lh[kus&fl[kkus dks ysdj ltxrk ;qDr
ekgkSy cukrk gSA fo|ky; dh fofo/k xfrfof/k;ksa esa leqnk; dk fujUrj tqMko fo|ky; dks
csgrj cukus esa ldkjkRed Hkwfedk dk fuoZgu dj jgk gSA tc Hkh fo|ky; esa dksbZ mRlo gksrk
gS rks f'k{kd xkaOk esa tkdj yksxksa ls laokn djrs gaS bl dk;Z esa Hkh cPpksa dk visf{kr lg;ksx
fy;k tkrk gSA fo|ky; esa gksus okyh lkeqnkf;d cSBdksa esa cPpksa ds vdknfed dk;Z dks lk>k
fd;k tkrk gSA f'k{kd] leqnk; ds chp] vkSipkfjd o vukSipkfjd eapksa ij cPpkas ds lh[kus dks
ysdj laokn dj ikrs gSaA fo|ky; ds f'k{kdksa dk bl izdkj dk leiZ.k Hkko] fo|ky; dks thoar
o lh[kus ds fy, mi;qDr ekgkSy vU; fo|ky;ksa ds fy, Hkh izsj.kk curk gSSA
¼vkseiky iztkifr dh mekdkar 'kekZ ls gqbZ ckrphr ij vk/kkfjr½






  
  
  

ÞcPpksa ds eu ls Ldwy ds çfr Hk; dks fudkyuk gh esjk igyk mís'; gSAÞ ;g ekuuk gS jktdh;
ek/;fed ckfydk fo|ky;] ukFkwokl esa i;kZoj.k f'kf{kdk çsj.kk luk<~; dkA çsj.kk th ls esjh
igyh eqykdkr ,d Qksje ds nkSjku gqbZ ftlds ckn mUgha ds U;ksrs ij muds Ldwy esa tkus dk
volj feykA ml fnu mUgksaus cPpksa ds lkFk feydj >ksyk iqLrdky; dh ,d dgkuh dk
ukVd rS;kj fd;k FkkA cPps ,d&,d dj ds vius eu ls viuk fdjnkj pqurs vkSj viuh
ilanhnk dgkuh ^lks tkvks fVadw* dk ukVdhdj.k djrsA blds ckn çsj.kk th us gesa muds vkSj
cPpksa ds }kjk cuk, x, Vh-,y-,e- fn[kk,A bl ,d eqykdkr ds ckn çsj.kk th ls feyus ds
dbZ volj feys vkSj muds dke ds çfr esjh ljkguk c<+rh x;hA
çsj.kk th us crkSj f'kf{kdk viuk lQj 1999 esa laL—r dh f'kf{kdk ds rkSj ij 'kq: fdvkA rHkh
ls os fganh dh ekLVj Vªsuj ¼MT) Hkh jgh gSaA ukFkwokl esa os 2016 ls i;kZoj.k dh f'kf{kdk ds :i
esa dk;Zjr gSaA ij mudk dk;Z dsoy i;kZoj.k i<+kus rd gh lhfer ugha gS] os fganh fo"k; Hkh
i<+krh gSaA dqN cPps rhljh d{kk esa vkus ds ckn Hkh i<+uk&fy[kuk ugha tkurs Fks ftldh otg
ls mUgsa i;kZoj.k i<+us esa Hkh eqf'dy dk lkeuk djuk iM+rk FkkA blhfy, mUgksaus cPpksa dks
i<+uk&fy[kuk fl[kkus ij Hkh /;ku nsuk 'kq: fd;kA ij pqukSrh muds lkeus ;g Hkh Fkh fd
cPpksa dk Ldwy esa Bgjko ugha FkkA Hk; ds dkj.k cPps Ldwy esa vkus ls drjkrs FksA dHkh onhZ u
gksus dk Hk; rks dHkh i<+uk u vkus ij d‚ih esa dke u iwjk gksus dk Hk;A ogha dqN cPps ?kj dh
ijs'kkfu;ksa ds pyrs Ldwy ugha vk ikrs FksA
vfu;fer jgus dh otg ls Hkh os i<+us&fy[kus esa ckdh cPpksa ls ihNs jg tkrs FksA çsj.kk th us
cPpksa dk Ldwy esa Bgjko lqfuf'pr djus ds fy, ç;kl djuk 'kq: fd;kA tks cPps Hk; ds
dkj.k ugha vk ikrs Fks] muls ckrphr dj mUgsa lgt djus dk ç;kl fd;k rkfd os fcuk Mjs
Ldwy vk ik,aA ogha tks cPps ?kj dh ijs'kkfu;ksa] tSls& NksVs HkkbZ&cguksa dh ftEesnkjh ds pyrs
Ldwy ugha vk ikrs Fks] mUgsa Hkh fdlh rjg Ldwy ykus dk ç;kl fd;kA vc cPps fu;fer :i ls
Ldwy vkus yxs gSaA rhljh d{kk ds nks cPps eqds'k vkSj çdk'k dh vVsaMsal fn[kkrs gq, os crkrh
gSa ds ;s nksuksa cPps tcls Ldwy 'kq: gqvk rcls gh yxkrkj vuqifLFkr jgrs FksA tgka eqds'k onhZ
u gksus ds dkj.k rks çdk'k ekrk&firk ds chekj gksus ds pyrs viuh NksVh cguksa dh ftEesnkjh
dh otg ls Ldwy ugha vk ik jgk FkkA çsj.kk th muds ?kj xbZa rks mUgsa ;s lc ekywe gqvkA
mUgksaus tgka eqds'k dks Ldwy esa ,d f'kf{kdk }kjk ykbZ xbZ onhZ nsdj mls vk'oklu fn;k fd
mls Mjus dh dksbZ vko';drk ugha gS ogha çdk'k dks viuh cguksa ds lkFk Ldwy vkus dks dgkA
tc çdk'k d{kk esa gksrk gS rc mldh cgusa vkaxuckM+h esa jgrh gSaA vDVwcj ls bu nksuksa cPpksa
dh fu;ferrk Ldwy esa c<+h gSA çsj.kk th cPpksa ds vfHkHkkodksa ls Hkh feyus dk ç;kl djrh gSa
[kkldj mu vfHkHkkodksa ls ftuds cPps vfu;fer :i ls Ldwy vkrs gSa] ftlls cPpksa dh
fu;ferrk lqfuf'pr dh tk ldsA os ekurh gSa fd cPpksa ds lkekftd ifjos'k dk mudh eu%
fLFkfr ij xgjk çHkko iM+rk gS ftldk lh/kk vlj mudh lh[kus dh çfØ;k ij Hkh fn[kkbZ nsrk

gS ftldk /;ku gesa crkSj f'k{kd
gksuk pkfg,A
cPpksa dk mudh çsj.kk eSe ds
lkFk rkyesy ljkguh; gSA cPps
muds lkFk lgt rks gSa gh] fcuk
Hk; ds viuh ckr j[k Hkh ikrs gSaA
çsj.kk th ekurh gSa fd gj cPps
dh {kerk,a vyx gksrh gSa rks ;g
eku ysuk fd fl[kkus dk rjhdk
Hkh ,d gh gks ;g xyr gSA os
vius v/;kiu esa lh[kus&
fl[kkus ds fofHkUu rjhdksa dks 'kkfey djrh gSa ftuesa dgkfu;ka] vkVZ ,aM Øk¶V] fp= cukuk]
ukVd] vkfn 'kkfey gSaA os dksf'k'k djrh gSa fd i;kZoj.k bl rjg i<+k,a fd cPps lkFk&lkFk
i<+uk fy[kuk rks lh[ksa gh lkFk gh esa mudh ekSf[kd vfHkO;fä dk Hkh fodkl gksA os fu;fer
:i ls ikB~; ;kstuk cukrh gSa vkSj viuh cukbZ x;h ;kstuk ij nwljksa dh jk; Hkh ysrh gSa rkfd
os viuh ;kstuk dks vkSj csgrj cuk ik,aA

çsj.kk th >ksyk iqLrdky; esa lfEefyr fofHkUu fdrkcksa dk bLrseky d{kk esa cPpksa dks i<+kus ds
fy, djrh jgha gSaA dHkh fdrkc esa ls dgkuh i<+dj cPpksa dks lqukrha] dHkh mudks i<+us dks nsrh
gSa] rks dHkh mldk ukV; :ikarj djkrh gSaA i;kZoj.k i<+kus esa fdrkcsa cgqr egRoiw.kZ gSaA os
dgrh gSa fd fdrkcksa ds tfj, os i;kZoj.k esa vkus okys fo"k; tSls ty] tkuoj] i{kh] ekSle
vkfn ij Hkh dke dj ikrh gSaA >ksyk iqLrdky; muds ikl vkus ls igys Hkh os vius cPpksa dh
iqjkuh fdrkcsa Ldwy ys vk;k djrh Fkha vkSj mudks vius v/;kiu esa 'kkfey djrh FkhaA cPps Hkh
fdrkcksa ls dkQh tYnh tqM+ tkrs gSaA dHkh os viuh ilanhnk dgkuh i<+rs gSa] dHkh fdrkcksa ls
ns[kdj vius ilanhnk fdjnkj dk fp= cukrs gSa rks dHkh eq[kkSVs cukdj ukVd çLrqr djrs gSaA
bl rjg fdrkcsa mudh ikB;p;kZ dk ,d egRoiw.kZ fgLlk gSaA

çsj.kk th cPpksa esa i<+us fy[kus dk dkS'ky fodflr djus ds fy, fofHkUu ç;kl djrh vkbZ gSaA
fiNyh fnokyh dh Nqfê;ksa ds nkSjku mUgksaus Hkk"kk fl[kkus ds fy, ,d 8 fnolh; dSEi dk
vk;kstu fd;k ftlesa fo'ks"k :i ls mu cPpksa dks 'kkfey fd;k tks i<+uk&fy[kuk ugha tkurs
FksA dSEi ds nkSjku mUgksaus fdrkcksa] ¶yS'k dkMZ~l] pkVZ~l vkfn Vh-,y-,e- dk mi;ksx dj cPpksa
dks i<+uk&fy[kuk fl[kkus dk ç;kl fd;kA tgk¡ Nqfê;ksa esa cPpksa dk Ldwy vkuk lqfuf'pr

djuk ,d dfBu dk;Z gS ogka igys gh fnu 18 cPps dSai esa vk, ftudh la[;k vxys fnu 30 gks
x;h vkSj ;s la[;k var rd cuh Hkh jghA dSEi esa cPpkas ds lkFk tks dke gqvk mldk çfrQy ;s
jgk fd dqN cPps i<+us&fy[kus dh vksj c<+ ik,A
bl l= esa rhljh ls ikapoh d{kk rd djhc rhl cPps ,sls Fks tks i<+uk&fy[kuk ugha tkurs Fks
ftuds lkFk flrEcj ls f”kf{kdk ds ç;kl tkjh gSaA vc dbZa cPps i<+uk&fy[kuk lh[k x, gSa
vkSj ckdh ljy 'kCnksa dks i<+uk&fy[kuk lh[kus yxs gSaA vc mUgksaus ch-,M dh Vªsfuax ysus okyh
,d f'kf{kdk ds lkFk rkyesy cSBk dj cPpksa ds i<+us&fy[kus ij vfrfjä dke djuk 'kq:
fd;k gS ftlls mUgsa Hkh FkksM+h vklkuh gksus yxh gSA os tc [kqn d{kk esa dke ugha dj ikrha rks
uhrk eSe ds lkFk rkyesy cSBkdj ;s lqfuf'pr djrh gSa fd cPpksa ds lkFk fu;fer :i ls dke
gks ik,A

çsj.kk th fp=] ¶yS'k dkMZ~l] ekLd] dk;Zi=d] fdrkcsa] pkVZ~l vkfn tSls Vh-,y-,e- dk
mi;ksx rks djrh gh jgha gSa] lkFk gh mUgksaus vkbZ-lh-Vh- dks Hkh viuh ikB;p;kZ fgLlk cuk;k gSA
os le;≤ ij çkstsDVj dk bLrseky dj cPpksa dks vyx&vyx ohfM;ks fn[kkrh gSa ftueas
dgkuh] dfork,a vkfn 'kkfey gSaA muds vuqlkj cPpksa dh #fp ohfM;ks ns[kus esa T;knk jgrh gS
ftldh enn ls os d{kk esa fofHkUu fo"k;ksa ij dke dj ldrh gSaA igys os çkstsDVj ds mi;ksx ds
fy, vt+he çseth QkmaMs'ku dh lgk;rk ysrh FkhaA vc Ldwy esa ljdkj }kjk çkstsDVj o dqN
daI;wVj yxk, x, gSa ftlds pyrs mUgsa dkQh lqfo/kk eglwl gks jgh gSA
çsj.kk th cPpksa ds fy, fofHkUu ikB~; lkexzh cukrh gSa vkSj cPpksa ls cuokrh Hkh jgrh gSa ftlls
cPpksa dh :fp i<+us esa cuh jgsA mUgksaus 'kknh ds dkMZ~l dk mi;ksx dj ¶yS'k dkMZ~l cuk, tks
LFkkbZ jgsa vkSj ckj&ckj mi;ksx fd, tk ldsaA os le;≤ ij fdrkc i<+ dj cPpksa ds
dk;Zi=d cukrh gSa rFkk i<+kus ds u, rjhdksa dh [kkst esa jgrh gSaA ,d f'kf{kdk ds :i esa çsj.kk
th ,d vPNs mnkgj.k ds :i esa gesa utj vkrh gSa ftudk ewy mís'; gS cPpksa dh lh[kus esa
enn djukA muds fujUrj ç;klksa dk cPpksa ds lh[kus ij Hkh çHkko fn[krk gSA muds f'k";
vkRefo'okl] vuq'kklu rFkk ekSf[kd vfHkO;fä ls ifjiw.kZ utj vkrs gSaA
^çsj.kk th ,d vPNh f'kf{kdk gSa] tks cPpksa ds lkFk tqM+dj muds ifjos'k dks /;ku esa j[krs gq,
i<+krh gSaA le; dk ikyu djuk muds LoHkko esa gSA os Ldwy esa ekStwn lkexzh dk mi;ksx rks
djrh gSa gh] lkFk gh vius ?kj ls vfrfjä fdrkcsa o lkexzh ykdj Hkh viuh d{kk esa ç;ksx
djrh gSaA muds ç;kl ls cPps Hkh lh[k jgs gSaA*
& vkseizdk”k olhVk
¼izsj.kk luk<~; dh xfjek 'kekZ dh gqbZ ckrphr ij vk/kkfjr½








  
  
  

^êsjk ekuuk gS fd tc cPps viuh Hkk"kk esa vfHkO;Dr
djrs gSa rks muds lh[kus dk lQj vklku gks tkrk gSA
;g rHkh laHko gS tc cPpksa dks viuh Hkk"kk esa vfHkO;Dr
djus dk ekSdk feysA vkSj eSa ;gh djrk gwaAÞ ;g ckr ,d
izkFkfed Ldwy ds f”k{kd x.ks”k pkSgku us crkbZA tc
muls iwNk x;k fd fQj cPps fganh vkSj vaxzsth dSls
lh[ksaxs\ blds tokc esa x.ks”k pkSgku dgrs gSa fd cPpksa
dks fganh ugha vkrh bldk eryc ;g rks ugha fd mUgsa
dqN vkrk ugha gSA viuh ckr dks cPps viuh Hkk"kk esa
csgrjh ls j[k ikrs gSaA x.ks”k pkSgku] izkFkfed Ldwy
Mksaxjxko esa lu~ 2010 ls inLFk gSaA Mksaxjxko] e/;izns”k
ds if”peh fuekM+ ds [kjxksu ftys ds dljkon fodkl
[kaM esa fLFkr gSA dljkon fodkl [kaM eq[;ky; ls
Mksaxjxkao] bankSj jksM+ ij yxHkx 6 fdyksehVj dh nwjh ij
clk ,d xkao gSA bl xkao dh tula[;k yxHkx 1100 ds
vklikl gSA ;gka vghj] ;kno o tutkfr ds yksx fuokl djrs gSaA ljdkjh Ldwy Mksaxjxkao esa
37 cPps v/;;ujr gSaA igyh d{kk esa 8] nwljh esa 7] rhljh esa 8] pkSFkh esa 5 vkSj ikapoh essa 9 cPps
ntZ gSaA vf/kdka”k cPps fiNM+h tkfr ds gSaA
bl Ldwy essa nks f”k{kd gSaA x.ks”k pkSgku ekurs gSa fd f”k{kk gj cPps dk gd+ gS vkSj gj cPpk
lh[kus dh {kerk j[krk gSA os dgrs gSa fd ;g eSa vius Ldwy ds cPpksa ds lkFk fd, x, dkeksa ds
vk/kkj ij dg jgk gwaA njvly] lh[kuk rHkh laHko gksrk gS tc cPpksa ds lkFk f”k{kd izse o Lusg
ds lkFk is”k vk,aA cPpksa dks balku ds :Ik esa ns[kuk o mUgsa cjkcjh dk ntkZ nsuk] lh[kus dh /kkj
dks rst djrk gSA
x.ks”k pkSgku vius ygts esa crkrs gSa fd ^^NksVs cPpksa ds lkFk dke djus ds fy, ;g ckr
le>uk t:jh gS fd igys muds fo”okl dks thrk tk; vkSj ;gh eSa djus dh dksf”k”k djrk gwaA
;g ,d cM+h pqukSrh gS ftl ij fot; ikus ls vkxs dk jkLrk vklku gks tkrk gSA** x.ks”k pkSgku
us bl ckr dks vPNs ls u dsoy le>k gS cfYd bls d{kkvksa esa viuk;k HkhA
Mksaxjxkao Ldwy dh izhfr o nqxkZ uked cfPp;ksa ls ckrphr dh xbZ] mUgksaus crk;k fd f”k{kd
muds lkFk ?kj ls Hkh T;knk vPNk O;ogkj djrs gSaA cPpksa us crk;k fd lj gesa ?kqekus ys tkrs
gSaA x.ks”k dgrs gSa fd cPpksa us ftn dh fd os esys esa tkuk pkgrs gSa rks cPpksa dh ftn dks f”k{kd
us Lohdkj fd;k vkSj esys esa tkus dh ;kstuk cukbZ vkSj mUgsa ysdj x;sA ;g fnypLi gS fd
cPps f”k{kd ds lkFk ftn djrs gSaA ftn djuk rks viuksa ds lkFk gh laHko gSA

bl o"kZ f”k{kd cPpksa dks dljkon
esa essys esa ys x, vkSj ogka cPpksa us
>wyk >wykA vkxs cPps crkrs gSa fd
esys esa lj us mUgsa tysch vkSj
vkbLØhe f[kykbZ o [kwc ets
fd,A
x.ks”k crkrs gSa fd os cPpksa dks
dljkon dLcs esa fLFkr iqjkrRo
laxzgky; esa ys x, tgka cPpksa us
;gka ds bfrgkl dks tkuk&le>kA
cPpksa dks ckgj dh nqfu;k esa vPNk
yxrk gSA
tc muls iwNk fd cPpksa dks ckgj ys tkus ds ihNs vkidh ea”kk D;k gS] bl ij f”k{kd crkrs gSa
fd cPpksa dks d{kk dh pgkjnhokjh ls ckgj dh nqfu;k dk vuqHko t:j nsuk pkfg,A
ubZ pht+ksa dks ns[kuk&le>uk Hkh rks f”k{kk dk vge fgLlk gSA iqjkrkfRod /kjksgj dks fn[kkuk
Hkh f”k{kk dk fgLlk gSA bls dSls ge latks ldrs gSa] bldh le> cpiu ls gh cPpksa esa Mkyuh
pkfg,A gekjs vklikl dh nqfu;k dks le>uk rHkh laHko gS tc mUgsa mldk vuqHko fn;k tk,A
esys esa cPps rks tkrs gh gSa ysfdu Ldwy ds cPpksa ds lkFk tkuk ,d vyx rjg dk vkuan o
vuqHko nsrk gSA eSa cPpksa dks ,sls ekSds Hkjiwj nsus dh dksf”k”k djrk gwaA x.ks”k crkrs gSa fd cPpksa
dks ueZnk fdukjs ys tk;k x;kA ;g dksbZ de fnypLi ugha fd f”k{kd vius cPpksa ds lkFk
vius futh vuqHko Hkh lk>k djrs gSaA x.ks”k us crk;k fd fiNys fnuksa esjh csVh dh lxkbZ dk
vk;kstu esjs xkao esa fuokl LFkku ls fd;k FkkA eSaus ml nkSjku vodk”k fy;k FkkA cPpksa dks eSaus
crk;k rks mUgksaus dgk fd ge Hkh vkids ?kj vkuk pkgrs gSaA f”k{kd vkSj cPpksa ds chp yxko dh
;g ,d felky dgh tkuh pkfg,A cPps] f”k{kd ds ?kj lxkbZ ds dk;ZØe esa f”kjdr djus x,A
;g Hkh mYys[kuh; gS fd cPpksa ds fy, f”k{kd us okgu dh O;oLFkk Lo;a dhA
ekeyk] izzse vkSj yxko ls vkxs dk Hkh fnypLi gSA yxHkx rhu cjl igys x.ks”k pkSgku] vt+he
izseth QkmaMs”ku ls tqM+sA Vh,ylh [kqyus ds igys dljkon fodkl[kaM eq[;ky; ij “kke ds
l=ksa dk vk;kstu izkjaHk gks pqdk FkkA bu l=ksa esa x.ks”k pkSgku us Hkkxhnkjh izkjaHk dhA x.ks”k
Lohdkj djrs gSa fd f”k{kk o lekt ds izfr muds utfj, esa Hkkjh cnyko QkmaMs”ku ls tqM+us ds
ckn vk;kA f”k{kk ds ewy elyksa ij le> cuh vkSj mls os viuh d{kkvksa esa jksius esa tqV x,A
Ldwy dh d{kkvksa esa mUgksaus jhfMax dkuZj dh LFkkiuk dhA cky lkfgR; dh fdrkcsa rks igys ls
Fkha gh ysfdu vc mudk bLrseky cPpksa dks i<+uk fl[kkus esa fd;k tkus yxkA d{kkvksa dh

nhokjksa ij dforkvksa] dgkfu;ksa ds iksLVlZ yxk, vkSj mu ij dke fd;k tkus yxkA
d{kk esa Vhfpax&yfuZax eVsfj;y cPpksa ds lkFk feydj cuk;k x;kA Hkk"kk f”k{k.k esa “kCn dkMZ
cuk,] eghuksa ds dkMZ cuk,] fnuksa o v{kjksa ds dkMZ cuk,A dkMZ~l brus cuk, fd izR;sd cPps ds
fy, miyC/k gks ldsaA blh izdkj ls xf.kr dh cqfu;knh le> cukus ds fy, rhyh caMy]
fxuekyk] eksrh rkj o x.kd ¼,csdl½ bR;kfn cuk, o mudk bLrseky d{kk f”k{k.k esa fd;k
tkus yxkA bldk ldkjkRed vlj cPpksa ds lh[kus esa ns[kus dks feykA d{kk f”k{k.k ds
voyksdu ls gesa le> esa vk;k fd cPps csckdh ls d{kk esa cksyrs gSaA mudh d{kk dk ,d utkjk
dqN ;wa gS %
^êSa vkSj esjs lkFkh dkyw jke “kekZ Mksaxjxkao Ldwy igaqps rks ns[kk fd d{kk esa f”k{kd x.ks”k pkSgku
xf.kr i<+k jgs gSaA nhokjksa ij vkd"kZd iksLVlZ yxs gq, gSaA f”k{kd fxuekyk ds tfj, cPpksa dks
fxurh fl[kk jgs gSaA d{kk esa nks dqflZ;ksa ds chp ,d iryh jLlh dks cka/kk x;k gS ftlesa
fxuekyk ds eksrh fijks, gq, gSaA ;gh fxuekyk gSA blesa cPpksa dks eksrh fxuus dks dgk tk jgk
gSA ckjh&ckjh ls cPps vkdj eksfr;ksa dks fxu ik jgs gSaA blh nkSjku geus cPpksa ls mYVh fxurh
ds fy, dgkA cPpksa ls Åij ls uhps vFkkZr 60 ds igys 59] 58] 57 fxuus dks dgk x;kA ;g
fnypLi Fkk fd cPpksa esa fxurh dh le> iq[rk FkhA blds ckn gh fxuekyk ds tfj, tksM+ vkSj
?kVko dh vo/kkj.kk ij dke fd;k x;kA iryh jLlh esa fijks, eksfr;ksa esa fdrus eksrh feyk,axs
fd veqd la[;k cu tk,xhA fdruh de djsaxs rks veqd la[;k cu tk,xhA cPps dj ik jgs FksA
u dsoy fxuekyk ij cfYd os fyf[kr :Ik ls Hkh dj o le> ik jgs FksA geus le>k fd f”k{kd
dsoy xfrfof/k djokus ds fy, xfrfof/k ugha djokrsA xfrfof/k dk edln fdlh vo/kkj.kk
dks le>uk gS vkSj ,slk gh d{kk esa gks ik jgk FkkA**
f”k{kd cPpksa dks dgkuh lqukrs gSaA ;g iwNus ij fd Hkk"kk f”k{k.k esa dgkuh dk D;k egRo gS\
mUgksaus crk;k fd cPpksa dks dgkfu;ka lquuk ilan gSA dgkuh esa mUgsa jl vkrk gSA dgkfu;ka
cPpksa ds /;ku dks dsafnzr djus esa ennxkj gksrh gSA dgkfu;ksa esa Øec)rk gksrh gSA ;g muds
fopkj dks iSuk djrh gSA d{kkvksa esa cPps Lora= gksrs gSaA cPps dh ethZ dk vf/kd ls vf/kd
[;ky j[kk tkrk gSA cPpksa ds chp gh f”k{kd cSBrs gSa vkSj d{kk f”k{k.k djrs gSaA x.ks”k pkSgku
dh d{kk vius vki esa ,d mnkgj.k gS ftlesa cPps vkuan ls lh[krs gSaA f”k{kd cPpksa ds lkFk
vf/kdrj ¼LFkkuh; cksyh½ fuekM+h esa ckrphr djrs gSaA bldk vlj ;g gqvk fd cPps tks fganh
dh detksj le> ds pyrs cksyrs ugha Fks] vc cksyus yxs gSaA os dgrs gSa fd esjs fy, cPpksa dk
cksyuk vge gSA blfy, muds lkFk fuekM+h esa ckrphr djuk t:jh le>rk gwaA
f”k{kd dgrs gSa fd igys eSa cPpksa ls fganh esa gh ckrphr djrk FkkA fiNys o’kZ eq>s QkmaMs”ku
}kjk f”k{kdksa ds fy, lsa/kok ds ikl vk/kkjf”kyk Ldwy tkus dk ekSdk feykA ;gka lh[kus dks
feyk fd vk/kkjf”kyk ds cPpksa dks ogka dh LFkkuh; Hkk"kk ckjsyh esa vfHkO;fDr ds ekSds fn, tkrs

gSaA eSaus ogka ls ;g lh[k yh vkSj
r; fd;k fd eSa Hkh vius cPpksa ds
lkFk fuekM+h ¼LFkkuh; cksyh½ esa
gh ckrphr d:axkA
rks fQj cPps fganh dc lh[ksaxs\
blds tokc esa os dgrs gSa fd
cPps tc fganh esa cksy gh ugha
ikrs gSa rks dksbZ eryc ugha jg
tkrkA fuekM+h Hkk"kk ds da/ks ij
lokj gksdj cPps fganh Hkh lh[k
tk,axsA os dgrs gSa fd ,slk ugha
fd fuekM+h Hkk"kk ds bLrseky ls cPps fganh ugha lh[k ik jgs gSaA cPpksa ds lkFk fganh esa Hkh dke
gksrk gS vkSj os lh[k ik jgs gSaA ysfdu ,d csxkuh Hkk"kk dks viuh Hkk"kk dks vk/kkj cukdj gh
lh[kk tk ldrk gSA f”k{kd mYys[k djrs gSa fd e/;izns”k esa QkmaMs”ku }kjk vk;ksftr dSai esa
tkus dk ekSdk feyk tgka eSaus tks dqN Hkh lh[kk mls d{kk esa vktekus dh dksf”k”k djrk gwaA
geus cPpksa ls iwNk fd D;k vkids f”k{kd d{kk esa eksckby dk bLrseky djrs gSa\bl ij cPpksa us
dgka& gkaA geus dgk fd D;k djrs gSa\cPpksa us crk;k fd lj dk eksckby rks ge gh pykrs gSaA
;g fnypLi ckr yxh fd f”k{kd us crk;k fd tc mUgsa dksbZ iz”kklfud dke djuk gksrk gS rks
cPps eksckby esa ;wV~;wc [kksydj dgkfu;ka ns[krs&lqurs gSaA
f'k{kd dgrs gSa fd& ^Ldwy esa lc dqN Bhd ugha py jgk gSA eSa vHkh vius dke ls larq"V ugha
gwaA dgrs gSa fd eq>s vkSj lh[kuk gS vkSj d{kk ds fy, u,&u, Vh,y,e cukuk gSA os crkrs gSa
fd lcls cM+h pqukSrh gS cPpksa dh vfu;ferrkA ifjokj dh ekyh gkyr detksj gksus ls
ekrk&firkvksa dks vU; txgksa ij viuh jksth&jksVh ds fy, tkuk iM+rk gSA blh rjg cPpksa dks
vU; dke djus gksrs gSa blfy, os fu;fer ugha vk ikrsA Ldwy esa vkus ds ckn f”k{kd leqnk; esa
tkrs gSa vkSj cPpksa dks Ldwy esa ysdj vkrs gSaA tks cPps fu;fer :Ik ls Ldwy vkrs gSa os Hkk’kk o
xf.kr esa vPNk lh[k ikrs gSaA blds fy, ge dksf”k”k dj jgs gSaA
mUgksaus vUr esa fQj ls tksj nsdj dgk fd ÞizkFkfed d{kkvksa ds cPpksa dks i<+kuk cM+h pqukSrh gSA
cPpksa dks fo”okl esa ysuk muds lh[kus dks vklku cukrk gSÞA
¼x.ks'k pkSgku dh “kQh+d+ “ks[k o dkywjke “kekZ dh gqbZ ckrphr ij vk/kkfjr½






  
 
  
  

,d csgrj Ldwy dSlk gksuk
pkfg,\ ;g ns[kuk gks rks vkidks
NÙkhlx<+ ds /kerjh ftys ds
'kdjokj xk¡o ds 'kkldh;
ek/;fed Ldwy esa ,d ckj t:j
vkuk pkfg,A ;gk¡ vkidks ,d
csgrj Ldwy dh iwjh u lgh dqN
>yfd;ka rks fey gh tk;saxhA ;g
blfy, Hkh D;ks a f d ;gk¡
i<kbZ&fy[kkbZ ds lkFk&lkFk
nwljh xfrfof/k;ksa dks Hkh çeq[krk
nh tk jgh gS vkSj bu reke xfrfof/k;ksa esa Ldwy ;kuh f'k{kdksa] Nk=&Nk=kvksa vkSj ikydksa]
xzkeh.kksa o iapk;r lHkh dh lk>snkjh gSA tSls fd lc dks irk gS] dgha Hkh ,d csgrj Ldwy rHkh
laHko gS tc Ldwy ls tqM+s reke yksx vkSj laLFkk blds fy, ç;kljr gksaxs vkSj bl Ldwy esa
vkus ls bu lc ç;klksa ds lcwr lkQ utj vkrs gSaA
NÙkhlx<+ ds /kerjh ftys esa fLFkr ;g 'kkldh; ek/;fed 'kkyk /kerjh ls 10 fdeh- dh nwjh
ij xaxjsy tyk'k; ds uhps egkunh ds fdukjs cls xk¡o 'kdjokj esa gSA ;gk¡ T;knkrj ifjokj
xjhc fdlku vkSj etnwj gSaA tkfgj gS yksx 'kgj esa vkSj ikl ds xksnkeksa esa gekyh dk dke vkSj
[ksrksa esa [ksfrgj etnwjh djrs gSaA Ldwy esa dqy 35 cPps gSa ftuesa ckydksa ls T;knk ckfydk;sa gSaA
ysfdu bl Ldwy dh ckr djsa rks vkidks ;g tkudj vk'p;Z gksxk dh bl Ldwy esa ,d LekVZ
Dykl gS] ikuh dh O;oLFkk ds fy, eksVj yxh gS vkSj Ldwy ds e/;kg~u Hkkstu esa Ldwy dh
ckxokuh dh lfCt;ksa dk mi;ksx gksrk gSA Þbl xk¡o esa vkfnoklh vkSj fiNMs+ leqnk; ds yksx
jgrs gSaA ij xk¡o ds lHkh yksxksa dk vkSj [kkl djds efgykvksa dk Ldwy ls dkQh yxko gSA vHkh
tks vki Ldwy esa cnyko ns[k jgs gSa ;g lc bu yksxksa dh lg;ksx dh otg ls gSA ;g dguk gS
Ldwy ds ç/kku ikBd n;kjke lkgw dkA bl Ldwy esa nks cnyko dkQh çeq[krk ls fn[kkbZ nsrs gaS
vkSj nksuksa gh egRoiw.kZ gSaA ,d gS iBu&ikBu vkSj xq.koÙkkiw.kZ f'k{kk ds fy, LekVZ d{kk dh
LFkkiuk vkSj nwljk cnyko gS 'kkyk lkSUn;hZdj.k vkSj ckxokuhA ç/kku ikBd n;kjke th blds
ckjs esa vkxs tkudkjh nsrs gq, dgrs gSa& Þ'kkyk çca/ku lfefr ,oa ikyd la?k dh cSBd esa
loZlEefr ls ;g çLrko j[kk x;k fd Ldwy esa 'kS{kf.kd okrkoj.k fuekZ.k ,oa cPpksa ds fy,
csgrj f'k{kk O;oLFkk gsrq daI;wVj ,oa çkstsDVj [kjhns tk,a loZlEefr ls ;g fu.kZ; fy;k x;k
fd lkeqnkf;d lgHkkfxrk ds varxZr 'kkyk çca/ku lfefr] ikyd la?k] LFkkuh; tuçfrfuf/k ,oa
leLr xzkeokfl;ksa ds lg;ksx ls ;g dk;Z fd;k tk,A blh cSBd esa 'kkfey dbZ xzkeh.k tSls
cyjke ;kno] ihds /kzqo] jkefeyu dqatke ¼lfpo] xzke iapk;r eqMikj½] lqdukFk /kzqo] xksiky

mbds] lqJh ehuk lqjs'k ;kno
¼ljiap] xzke iapk;r] eqMikj½]
,e,y flUgk] lqJh vuhrk lksuh
¼f'kf{kdk½] lqJh gseyrk paækdj
¼f'kf{kdk½] lqJh dkfUr usrke
¼f'kf{kdk½] lqJh lqjs[kk /kzqo]
ihykjke fu"kkn vkfn dbZ yksxksa us
vkfFkZd ;ksxnku fn;k ftl ls
yxHkx 60 gtkj #i;s tek gks
x;sA bl iSls ls bl xk¡o ds Ldwy
ds fy, ,d daI;wVj] ,d çkstsDVj
fy;k x;k vkSj bl rjg ls Ldwy dh LekVZ Dykl rS;kj gks x;hA vkt cPps bl Dykl ds tfj;s
i<+kbZ djrs gSa vkSj LekVZ Dykl esa cSBus ds fy, dkQh mRlkfgr jgrs gSaA geus ,sls gh ,d LekVZ
Dykl ns[kh tks ç/kku ikBd ds d{k esa gh yxh gS] tgk¡ Nk=&Nk=k,a çkstsDVj ds tfj;s
lqurs&i<+rs gq, dkQh [kq'k utj vk jgs FksA bl ckjs esa ppkZ djrs gq, Nk=&Nk=kvksa dk dguk
Fkk fd f'k{kd tc vius&vius fo"k;ksa dks çkstsDVj ds ek/;e ls i<+krs gSa rks fo"k; oLrq dh
vo/kkj.kk dh Li"V :i ls le>us esa enn feyrh gSA
blh rjg ;gk¡ ds lHkh f'k{kd vkSj f'kf{kdk Hkh Nk=&Nk=kvksa dks le>us vkSj le>kus ds fy,
vius&vius Lrj ls vkSj lkewfgd :i ls Hkh ç;kl djrs jgrs gSaA blds vykok Ldwy ds HkkSfrd
fodkl ds fy, Hkh lHkh dk lkewfgd ç;kl yktokc gSA lcls igys Ldwy dh ,d ekfld cSBd
esa 'kkyk çca/ku lfefr ,oa ikyd la?k }kjk Ldwy esa lkSUn;hZdj.k ,oa ckxokuh gsrq rFkk D;kjh
fuekZ.k gsrq çLrko j[kk x;kA ç/kku ikBd n;kjke lkgw us bl ckjs esa ppkZ djrs gq, dgk fd&
Þbl çLrko ij loZlEefr ls ;g fu.kZ; fy;k x;k fd lkeqnkf;d lgHkkfxrk }kjk ckxokuh dh
D;kjh fuekZ.k ds fy, bZaV] lhesaV] jsrh vkSj feV~Vh dh O;oLFkk dh tk;sxhA feV~Vh blfy, fd
gekjk Ldwy ,d igkM+h ls yxk gqvk gS blfy, blds uhps tehu iFkjhyh gSA bu lc dk;Z ds
fy, teuk pØ/kkjh] lqdqy pØ/kkjh] f'kodqekj pØ/kkjh us bZaV fn,] eSaus 6 cksjh lhesaV nhA
fuekZ.k dk;Z esa xk¡o ds jktfeL=h rksj.k yky lkgw] vkseçdk'k /kzqo] vftr /kzqo] ujsUæ /kzqo]
'kksHkkjke ;kno] xaxk çlkn /kzqo] v{k; dqekj /kzqo] iou dqekj ekfudiqjh ,oa lhrs'k dqekj /kzqo] us
viuk ,d ,d fnu dk Jenku fn;kAß mUgksaus vkxs dgk& Þmlh rjg ckxokuh gsrq isM+&ikS/ks
[kjhnus ,oa D;kjh esa feVVh Mkyus gsrq cyjke ;kno] lqdukFk /kzqo ,oa >wedyky mbds us #i;ksa
ds lkFk&lkFk dbZ VªSDVj feVVh Myok;hA feV~Vh vkus ds ckn D;kfj;ksa esa feVVh Mkyus dk
dke ikyd la?k dh ekrkvksa us fd;k tcfd isM+ yxkus dk dke 'kkyk çca/ku lfefr ,oa ikyd
la?k us fd;kAß

bl rjg ls ml txg ij 25x50 QhV dk ,d fdpu xkMZu fodflr fd;k x;k gSA vc ml
fdpu xkMZu esa esFkh] ikyd] ykyHkkth] cSaxu] ykSdh] rjksbZ] djsyk] ewyh] fHkUMh ls ysdj I;kt
rd mxk;k tk jgk gSA ftldk mi;ksx uk dsoy Ldwy ds e/;kUg Hkkstu esa fd;k tk jgk gS
cfYd tks ml ls T;knk gks jgk gS mls cspdj Ldwy ds fodkl ds dke esa mi;ksx fd;k tk jgk
gSA ;g fuf'pr rkSj ij Lokoyacu ,d csgrjhu mnkgj.k gSA fdpu xkMZu dk dke cgqr esgur
dk Hkh dke gS tks Ldwy ds Nk=&Nk=k,a] f'k{kd vkSj ikyd ,oa xzkeh.k feydj dj ysrs gaSA
Ldwy ds bu dk;ksaZ ds fy, ;g Ldwy ftykLrj ij dbZ ckj iq#Ld`r Hkh gks pqdk gSA tSls
ek/;fed 'kkyk 'kdjokjk dh 'kkyk çca/ku lfefr dks catj Hkwfe dks mitkÅ cukdj fdpu
xkMZu ds :i esa fodflr djus ds fy, x.kra= fnol 2018 esa lEekfur fd;k x;kA
blh rjg lkeqnkf;d lgHkkfxrk ds varxZr 'kkyk esa daI;wVj vkSj çkstsDVj dh O;oLFkk dj
LekVZ d{k lapkyu djus gsrq 2018 esa ftykLrj ij êq[;ea=h xkSjo vyadj.k iqjLdkj* ds
varxZr ^Kkunhi iq#Ldkj* çnku fd;k x;kA Ldwy ds cPpksa ds fy;s fdrkch Kku ds vykok
lkewfgd rkSj ij vkSj dbZ xfrfof/k;ksa dk vk;kstu gksrk gSA tSls f'k{kd] ikyd&
ckyd@ckfydk ,oa ekrk mUeq[kh dk;ZØe] ckyesyk] cky jpukRed xzh"edkyhu f'kfoj vkSj
cky dSfcusV dk xBu vkfnA bl dk;ZØe esa vkeaf=r ekrkvksa dk vfHkuUnu fd;k tkrk gS ,oa
ekrkvksa ls 'kkyk ls tqM+us ds egRo ij foLrkj iwoZd ppkZ dh tkrh gSA ftl ls xk¡o dh efgyk;sa
Ldwy ls fny ls tqM+ tkrh gSa vkSj Ldwy dks vius thou dk fgLlk ekurs gq, blds fodkl esa
tks Hkh enn gks] tSls vko';drk iM+us ij Jenku ls ihNs ugha gVrh gSaA
bu dk;ZØeksa ls Nk=&Nk=kvksa dks vfHkO;fä dh Lora=rk dk volj feyrk gS tks cgqr t:jh
gSA bl xzkeh.k fo|ky; ds Nk=&Nk=k,a vkt ftyk vkSj jk"Vªh; Lrj ij Hkh viuk vkSj vius
Ldwy dk uke jks'ku dj jgs gSaA fo|ky; dh Nk=k dqekjh çhfr dk e‚My ÞeDds dh BwaB ls
gkMZcksMZ ;k IykbZcksMZ cukukß jk"Vªh; Li/kkZ baLik;j vokMZ uked çn'kZuh vkbZvkbZVh ubZ fnYyh
esa 14 o 15 Qjojh 2019 dks iznZf”kr gqvkA ftlesa çhfr dk e‚My vUrjk"Vªh; Li/kkZ ds fy,
p;fur gqvkA ;g fuf'pr rkSj ij fo|ky; ds fy, cM+h miyfC/k gSA
¼n;kjke lkgw dh iq#lksRre flag Bkdqj ls gqbZ ckrphr ij vk/kkfjr½







  
  
  

Jhuxj x<+oky ls 14 fdeh nwj fLFkr jktdh; çkFkfed fo|ky; fxjxkao viuh 'kSf{kd
xfrfof/k;ksa ds dkj.k vyx igpku cuk;s gq, gSA xk¡o ds chp esa cus bl Ldwy esa ços'k djrs gh
ogka dh ltho nhokjsa vkidk eu lgt gh viuh vksj [khap ysrh gSaA ;gk¡ nhokjksa dk ç;ksx
csgrj f'k{k.k lkexzh ds :i esa gksrk gSA Ldwy tkus ij LoHkko ls feyulkj ;gk¡ dh
ç/kkuk/;kfidk banq th fLuX/k eqLdku ds lkFk Lokxr djrh gSaA
banq iaokj u;h&u;h f'k{k.k xfrfof/k;ksa dks Lo;a lh[kus ds fy, mRlqd jgrh gSa vkSj mUgsa cPpksa
ds lkFk lk>k djus ds fy, iz;kljr jgrh gSaA os ckrphr esa crkrh gSa fd cpiu ls
i<us&fy[kus dk 'kkSd Fkk i<+us&fy[kus dk okrkoj.k ?kj ls gh feykA
mUgksaus vius v/;kiu dh 'kq#vkr 1997 esa ikSM+h tuin ds dksV CykWd ds jktdh; çkFkfed
fo|ky; ohjluh ls dhA la;ksx ls ml fo|ky; ds ç/kkuk/;kid muds çkFkfed ds v/;kid
jgs Fks vFkkZr xq# vkSj f'k";k ,d gh fo|ky; esa f'k{kd ds :i esa dk;Z dj jgs FksA ogka ls dqN
vkSj fo|ky;ksa esa v/;kiu ds i'pkr~ 2010 esa os fxjxkao LFkkukarfjr gksdj vk;haA rc ls vc
rd ;s Ldwy budh deZLFkyh cuk gqvk gSA
fxjxkao Ldwy esa vius 'kq:vkrh fnuksa dks ;kn djrs gq, banq th dgrh gSa fd tc eSa Ldwy esa
vkbZ rks fo|ky; O;ofLFkr ugha FkkA dqN iqjkuh fdrkcsa Fkha] 'kkSpky; dh O;oLFkk ugha FkhA
/khjs&/khjs fo|ky; ds lkFkh v/;kfidk ds lkFk feydj phtksa dks O;ofLFkr djus dk dk;Z 'kq:
fd;kA iqLrdky; dh LFkkiuk dh vkSj cPpksa dks blds bLrseky ds fy, çsfjr fd;kA vkt
fo|ky; esa rhu 'kkSpky; gSaA vfHkHkkodksa dks Hkh cPpksa dh LoPNrk ds çfr tkx:d djus dk
dk;Z 'kq: fd;kA
fo|ky; tkus ij cky lkfgR; dh vkd"kZd fdrkcsa vyekjh ds ckgj est ij j[kh fn[k tkrh
gSaA cPps viuh #fp ds vuqlkj mUgsa i<+rs jgrs gSaA cPpksa dk Hkk"kk ,oa vfHkO;fä dk csgrjhu
dkS'ky bl ckr dh iqf"V djrk gS fd fo|ky; esa ikB;Øe ls br~j i<+us&fy[kus ds volj
cPpksa dks miyC/k djok;s tkrs gSaA cPps iwjs vkRefo'okl ds lkFk dgkfu;ka lqukus esa fuiq.k gksus
ds lkFk mudh foospuk djus esa l{ke gSaA cPpksa esa Hkk"kkbZ dkS'ky dh n{krk ds fy, viuk, tk
jgs ç;klksa dh ckcr os crkrh gSa fd&Þ;fn cPpksa dks i<+us vkSj vfHkO;fä ds i;kZIr volj
miyC/k djk;s tk;sa rks mudh Hkk"kkbZ n{krk c<+ tkrh gSA fcuk jksd&Vksd ds cPpksa dks i<+us ds
fy, fdrkcksa ls nksLrh djus ds [kwc ekSds nsrh gw¡A bl ckr dk Hkh /;ku j[krh gw¡ fd os D;k i<+
jgs gSa vkSj i<+s dks fdruk le> jgs gSaA blds fy, muds lkFk [kqn Hkh i<+rh gw¡ vkSj muls i<+h
gqbZ dgkuh dks lqurh Hkh gw¡A cPps dgkuh lquk ldsa blds fy, cPpksa esa vkRefo'okl iSnk djuk
cgqr t:jh gSA 'kq:vkrh d{kkvksa esa i<+us okys NksVs cPps Hkh fp=ksa dks ns[kdj dgkuh dks
[kwclwjr rjhds ls lqukrs gSaßA ;gk¡ cPps dsoy fganh gh ugha vaxzsth fo"k; dks Hkh pko ds lkFk
i<+rs gSaA

banq th lekt dks Ldwy dk ,d
vge~ fgLlk le>rh gSaA mudk
ekuuk gS fd ;s nksuksa ,d&nwljs
ds iwjd gSaA leqnk; dk lfØ;
lg;ksx vkSj leFkZu fo|ky; ds
fy, os egRoiw.kZ ekurh gSaA og
fu;fer vUrjky ij fo|ky;
çca/ku lfefr dh cSBd dk
vk;kstu djkrh gSaA fo|ky; esa
vk;ksftr gksus okys dk;ZØeksa esa
xk¡o ds yksxksa dk lfØ; çfrHkkx
gksrk gSA os viuh lkFkh v/;kfidk ds lkFk feydj xkao dk fu;fer :i ls Hkze.k dj
vfHkHkkodksa ls Hkh laidZ vkSj laokn dk;e djus dk ç;kl djrh gSaA banq th us viuh ckrphr esa
;g Hkh crk;k fd tc dksbZ cPpk fo|ky; ugha vkrk rks os bldk dkj.k irk djrh gSa vkSj dbZ
ckj ?kj Hkh tkrh gSaA
dc vkidks f'kf{kdk gksus ij vf/kd xoZ eglwl gqvk\ ;s ç'u iwNus ij mudh eqLdku galh esa
rCnhy gks x;hA dgus yxha gj fnu cPpksa ds lkFk jgrs gq, ,d u;h lq[kkuqHkwfr gksrh gSA fQj
dqN {k.k pqi jgdj dgk fd ,d Lusfgy {k.k tks eq>s f'kf{kdk gksus ij gh fey ldrk Fkk]
fo|ky; çca/ku lfefr ds lkFk dh ,d ?kVuk dk gS tc eSaus viuh 'kknh dh o"kZxkaB ij cPpksa
ds vfHkHkkodksa dks nksigj ds Hkkstu ds fy, vkeaf=r fd;kA tc lc yksx okil ?kj tkus yxs
rks ,d efgyk us esjs gkFk esa dqN iSls j[kdj esjh eqëh can dj nhA cgqr Lusg ds lkFk dgk
ÞeSMe th euk er djuk vkSj esjh gFksyh esa dHkh u Hkwyus okyk migkj ns x;haA esjh eqëh esa can
mu rhl :i;ksa esa ml efgyk dk çse vkSj lEeku meM+k gqvk FkkA bl ckr dks dgrs gq, banq th
Hkkoqd gks x;haA bl ,d okd;s ls gh muds xk¡o okyksa ls laca/kksa dh çxk<+rk dks le>k tk
ldrk gSA f'k{kk ,oa f'k{kd ds çfr mudh lksp cgqr ldkjkRed gSA os dgrh gSa f'k{kk vkSj
f'k{kd dks u;h ldkjkRed ifjorZu'khyrk dks Lohdkj djuk pkfg,A f'k{kk fujarj pyus okyh
çfØ;k gS blds fy, ek= Ldwy gh i;kZIr ugha cPps vius nSfud thou dh gj lkekU; ?kVuk ls
dqN lh[krs gSaA cPpksa dks vfHkO;fä ds Hkjiwj ekSds feyus pkfg, ftlls og vius vklikl dh
tkudkfj;ksa dks vius vuqHko dk fgLlk cuk ldsaA ;gh ckr v/;kidksa ij Hkh ykxw gksrh gSA banq
th viuh ckr ij tksj nsrs gq, dgrh gSa fd f'k{kd dks Hkh ges'kk vius is'ksoj fodkl ds çfr
ltx gksuk pkfg;sA ,d f'k{kd esa vkRefo'okl dk gksuk cgqr t#jh gSA lkFk gh fofo/k rjhdksa
dk f'k{k.k esa bLrseky] d{kk dks jkspd vkSj lh[kus dks ljy cukrk gSA

f'k{kk esa uokpkjksa ds fy, mRlqd banq th ls tc
mudh çsj.kk ds ckjs esa iwNk rks mUgksaus crk;k& ge
cgqr ckj lgh fn'kk esa dk;Z djrs gSa ysfdu gesa vius
vkidks vius dke dks le>us dk utfj;k ugha gksrkA
blfy, ge f'k{kdksa dk vkil esa laokn gksuk t:jh
gSA 'kq:vkrh d{kkvksa ds cPpksa ds i<+us&fy[kus ds
fy, mUgksaus cgqr ls u, ç;ksx fd;s ftls mUgsa ikSM+h
fodkl {ks= ds f'k{kdksa ds lkFk lk>k djus dk volj
feyk] tgk¡ banq th us c[kwch vius vuqHkoksa]
xfrfof/k;ksa dks lk>k fd;kA bls os vius
vkRefo'okl ds fy, vius dk;Z dks le>us dk
lqugjk le; ekurh gSaA os vius fo|ky; ds cPpksa
dh dgkuh lqukus vkfn xfrfof/k;ksa dks Qslcqd ij
lk>k djrh gSa vkSj çkIr çfrfØ;kvksa vkSj fVIif.k;ksa
ij Hkh xkSj djrh gSaA
fiNys lky ls] banq th] Jhuxj esa la;qä fpfdRlky; ds lkeus >ksaiM+ ifê;ksa esa jgdj yksgs ds
vkStkj cukus okys ifjokjksa ds cPpksa dks vius fo|ky; es ukekadu djok dj i<+k jgh gSaA iwNus
ij mUgksaus crk;k fd pwafd esjs fo|ky; tkus dk Hkh ;s gh ekxZ gS vr% ;gk¡ ls xqtjus ij bu
cPpksa dks vius ekrk&firk ds lkFk dke esa gkFk c¡Vkrs ns[kdj cqjk yxrk Fkk fd i<+us fy[kus
dh mez esa ;s isV ds fy, dke djus ds fy, etcwj gSaA bl ls O;fFkr gksdj eSaus fu'p; fd;k fd
bu cPpksa dks f'k{kk dh eq[; /kkjk ls tksM+uk pkfg;sA bl Øe esa lcls igys eSaus buds
ekrk&firk ls ckr dhA ysfdu cPpksa dks Ldwy u Hkstus ds muds dbZ O;kogkfjd rdZ FksA dkQh
eku&euksoy vkSj cPpksa dh lqj{kk vkSj iwjk /;ku j[kus vkfn dk vk'oklu nsus ds ckn
vkf[kjdkj lQyrk fey ldhA fQj cPpksa ds vkus tkus ds fy, lgk;d v/;kfidk ls foe'kZ
dj okgu O;oLFkk dh vkSj muds fy, LVs'kujh] cSx] Mªsl vkfn dk bartke Hkh [kqn ds lalk/kuksa
ls fd;kA mUgksaus eglwl fd;k fd ;s cPps cgqr çfrHkk'kkyh gSa] vko';drk gS mudks volj
fn, tkus dhA
leqnk; ds lkFk muds vPNs fj'rs gSa vkSj xk¡o ds lHkh lkekftd dk;ksaZ esa mudks vo'; gh
vkeU=.k gksrk gS vkSj os Hkh le; fudkydj muesa çfrHkkx djrh gSaA vkxs mUgksaus crk;k fd
dqN vfHkHkkodksa }kjk muls dgk x;k fd os cPpksa dks ;nk&dnk Mk¡Vs&ihVsa HkhA ysfdu mudk
Li"V er gS fd MkaVus] QVdkjus vkSj fiVkbZ dk lh[kus ls dksbZ laca/k ugha gSA oks crkrh gSa fd os
lHkh cPpksa dh ikfjokfjd i`"BHkwfe ls O;fäxr :i ls ifjfpr gSa vkSj ekurh gSa fd vf/kdka'k
vfHkHkkod dbZ dkj.kksa ls vius cPpksa ij /;ku ugha ns ikrs gSaA mudk ekuuk gS fd çR;sd cPpk

lh[k ldrk gS ;|fi lh[kus dh lcdh viuh viuh xfr;k¡ gksrh gSaA vkSj lcds lh[kus ds fy,
fofHkUu çfØ;kvksa dks viukuk iM+rk gSA banq th cPpksa dh ckrksa dks xgurk ls lqurh gSaA mudh
ckrksa dks iwjk LFkku nsrh gaSA fo|ky; tkus ij bl ckr dh iqf"V Hkh gks tkrh gSA ogka ds cPps ,d
ckj vkids lkFk ?kqy&fey tkus ds ckn ftl rjg ds ç'u iwNrs gSa] Li"V gks tkrk gS fd blds
ihNs f”k{kd dk dfBu Je Nqik gSA
banq th dks vius is'ks ls I;kj gS vkSj vius nkf;Roksa dk ikyu iwjh fu"Bk vkSj leiZ.k ds lkFk
djrh gSaA bl ckr dh iqf"V vfHkHkkod vkSj mudks tkuus okys Hkh djrs gSaA fofHkUu lks'ky
ehfM;k IysVQ‚eZ ij muds uokpkjksa dks [kwc ljkguk feyrh gSA muds i<+kus dk iwjk rjhdk
cky dsafær gS vkSj cPpksa dks vfHkO;fä ds iwjs volj mudh d{kk esa feyrs gksrs gSaA bl ckr dh
iqf"V lqcg çkFkZuk lHkk ls ysdj fnu Hkj dh gksus okyh fofHkUu xfrfof/k;ksa ;Fkk& ;ksx] fMcsV]
[ksy vkfn ls gks tkrh gSA mudh d{kkvksa esa fi;j yfuaZx ds iwjs ekSds miyC/k gksrs gSaA çk;% d{kk
rhu ls ik¡p rd ds lHkh fo"k;ksa dks os i<+krh gSaA vius f'k{k.k esa ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh- dh iqLrdksa dks
vk/kkj cukrh gSaA blds vykok os f'k{k.k esa odZ'khVksa dk bLrseky djrh gSa vkSj cPpksa dks Vh-,y-
,e- fuekZ.k çfØ;k esa Hkh 'kkfey djrh gSaA mUgksaus vaxzsth esa fcx cqd ds fy, dkQh Vh-,y-,e-
cuk, gSaA mudh f'k{k.k çfØ;kvksa esa T;kWfefr vkSj vk—fr ds fy, odZ'khVksa ds fofHkUu mi;ksx
Hkh d{kk&d{k çfØ;kvksa esa ns[ks tk ldrs gSaA blds vykok mudk ekuuk gS fd cPpksa ds lkFk
vaxzsth Hkk"kk ij esgur dh tk;s rks os vaxzsth Hkk"kk ds vfrfjä i;kZoj.k v/;;u esa Hkh vPNk
çn'kZu dj ldrs gSa vkSj blds fy;s os [kwc esgur Hkh djrh gSaA os çR;sd cPps dk yfuaZx Lrj
tkurh gSa vkSj çR;sd cPps ds yfuaZx Lrj dks lq/kkjus ds fy, muds ikl i`Fkd ;kstuk gksrh gSA
bl ckr dh iqf"V mudh Mk;jh ls Li’Vrk gksrh gSA blds vykok os dqN le; ikBksa dks fQj ls
ns[kus esa Hkh yxkrh gSaA blls mUgsa irk yx tkrk gS fd cPps dk çn'kZu dgk¡ ij larks"kçn gS
vkSj fdu txgksa ij dqN varjky jg x;s gSaA mudk ç;kl jgrk gS fd d{kk&d{k çfØ;kvksa ls
,sls okrkoj.k dks cuk;k tk, tks cPpksa dks vf/kdkf/kd ç'u iwNus dks çsfjr dj ldsaA
^^banq th ,d esgurh f'kf{kdk gSa vkSj tks Hkh csgrjh ds fy, mUgsa lykg nh tkrh gS os mls djus
dk iwjk ç;kl djrh gSaA çf'k{k.kksa ls çkIr vuqHkoksa dks cPpksa ds lkFk d{kk esa ç;qä djrh gSa]
ftldk çHkko cPpksa ij Li"V :i ls ns[kk tk ldrk gSA**
& ts-ih- dkyk] ch-bZ-vks] ikSM+h
¼banq iaokj dh x.ks'k cyksuh o vejnhi i‚y ls gqbZ ckrphr ij vk/kkfjr½






  
  
  

yxHkx 25 ifjokjksa dh ,d NksVh
lh oSjok <k.kh jsyos LVs'ku ds
ml ikj fLFkr gS xkao esa dqN
dPps rks dqN iDds ?kj gSaA
xzh"edkyhu iqLrdky; dh ;kn
djrs gq, f'k{kd jkds'k crkrs gSa
fd xehZ dh NqfV~V;ksa esa xkao esa gh
,d NksVk lk iqLrdky; vius
?kj ds ckgj pcwrjs ij pyk j[kk
gS tgka lqcg&'kke ds oä <k.kh
ds cPps vkSj ;qok vkdj cSBrs gSa
vkSj viuh bPNkuqlkj dgkuh dh iqLrdsa i<+uk] fp=ksa esa jax Hkjuk vkSj dgkuh fy[kus dk dk;Z
djrs gSaA pcwrjs ij cPpksa dks cM+h fnypLih ls dk;Z djrs gq, ns[kdj lkeus ls xqtjrs <k.kh ds
yksxksa dk /;ku bu pcwrjksa dh vksj tkrs gh dqN iy mUgsa ogka :ddj ns[kus dks foo'k dj nsrk
gSA
jkds'k us crk;k fd vkEkrkSj ij jktLFkku esa Hkh"k.k xehZ ds dkj.k yxHkx Ms<+ eghus cPPkksa dh
NqfV~V;ka gks tkrh gaS vkSj xkaOk esa ml rjg ds euksjatu ds lk/ku Hkh ugha gksrs gSaA ykbV dk
vHkko jgrk gS vr cPPks dM+h /kwi esa isM+ ds uhps vius LFkkuh; [ksy [ksyus vkSj ?kj ifjokj ds
dkeksa esa gh viuk le; O;rhr djrs gSaA tSlk vkt eSa vius ifjos'k esa ns[krk gwwa Bhd ,sls gh esjk
Hkh cpiu chrkA eq>s yxrk gS fd ,d f'k{kd gksus ds ukrs eq>s cPpksa ds fy, bu xehZ dh
NqfV~V;ksa esa dqN [kkl djuk pkfg;s vkSj blh ds rgr vt+he izseth QkmaMs'ku ds vfuy xqIrk
ls esjh eqykdkr gqbZ vkSj mUgksaus eq>s bu NqfV~V;ksa esa ,d iqLrdky; lapkyu gsrq izsfjr fd;kA
tc eSaus ;s iqLrdky; 'kq: fd;k rks xkaOk ds yksx migkl esa eq>ls dgrs fd ekVlkc xehZ dh
NqfV~V;ksa esa rks FkksM+k vkjke dj fy;k djksA cPpksa dks bl le; Hkh i<+krs jgrs gks] ij tc cPps
lqcg ds oDr iqLrdky; ls tqM+us yxs vkSj ?kj ij iqLrdsa i<+us yxs rks fQj bu vfHkokodksa dk
;g migkl iz'kalk esa cny x;kA vc mudk dguk gksrk fd ekVlkc vkius ;s cf<+;k dke
fd;kA fnu Hkj dgka rks cPps bruh 'kSrkuh fd;k djrs Fks vc fdrkcsa Ik<+rs jgrs gSaA vkil esa
viuh&viuh i<+h fdrkcksa vkSj fp=ksa ij ckrphr djrs gSaA gekjs nknk&nknh cM+s pko ls bu
cPpksa dh ckrsa lqurs jgrs gaSA dqN cqtqxZ yksx Hkh ftUgas Ik<+uk ugha vkrk cPpksa ls dgkuh lqurs gSa
vkSj fdrkc dks myV&iyV dj fp= gh ns[krs jgrs gaSA
f'k{kd jkds'k xzh"edkyhu iqLrdky; ds vuqHkoksa dks fo|ky; esa Hkh mlh :Ik esa viukus dk
iz;kl djrs gaSA os jktdh; izkFkfed fo|ky; jsyos LVs'ku fuokbZ esa 2001 ls fu;qDr gSaA
LFkkuh; f'k{kd gksus ds dkj.k fo|ky; ds yxHkx lHkh cPps fu;fer :Ik ls fo|ky; vkrs gaSA

tc Hkh dksbZ cPpk vuqifLFkr jgrk gS rks os ?kj tkdj lEidZ dj cPps ds ugha vkus dk dkj.k
irk djrs gaSA cPps Hkh muds lkFk cgqr vkReh; O;ogkj j[krs gSaA mudk dguk Fkk fd oSls rks
izkFkfed d{kkvksa ds fy, nks f'k{kd gksrs gSaA ,d f'k{kd ds ikl nks fo"k; i<+kus ds fy, fu/kkZfjr
gaS] ijUrq eaS lHkh fo"k;ksa esa cPpksa ds lkFk dke djrk gwaA xf.kr f'k{k.k ij vkt muds }kjk d{kk
3 esa dk;Z fd;k x;kA ftlesa lhad >kMw ls NksVh&NksVh rhfy;ksa dks rksM+dj cPPkksa us nl&nl ds
caMy cuk;s Fks vkSj mUgas /kkxs ls cka/kk FkkA ;s lkexzh cPpkas dh la[;k ds vuqikr esa Ik;kZIr FkhA
cPpksa dks ?kVko dh vo/kkj.kk fl[kkus esa bldk mi;ksx fd;k x;kA blds fy, igys mUgksaus
cksMZ ij izfØ;k dks xf.kr dk ,d loky djrs gq, le>k;k] ftlesa rhyh vksj caMy ls m/kkj
ysus dh vo/kkj.kk dks cPpksa ls var%fØ;k djrs gq, le>k;kA rhu m/kkj ds vkSj ckdh ds
vyx&vyx loky ysrs gq, rhyh cMay dh enn ls bls cksMZ ij le>k;k x;kA fQj ,d&,d
cPps dks ;g lkexzh nh x;h vkSj cksMZ ij fy[ks loky dks gy djus dk vH;kl fn;kA yxHkx
lHkh cPpksa us lgtrk ls bls gy fd;kA uhjt uke ds cPps dks bl loky dks djus esa FkksM+h
dfBukbZ vk;h vr% mls cksMZ ij cqykdj ,d vkSj loky gy djok;k x;k rkfd cPpksa us tgka
xyrh dh mls Bhd djrs gq, mldh ?kVko ij lgh le> cukbZ tk ldsA blds ckn ?kVko ds
dqN vH;kl dk;Z cPpksa dks fn;s x;sA
f'k{kd jkds'k ls eSaus loky iwNk fd vkerkSj ij fo|ky;ksa esa ?kVko ds loky ds fy, cksMZ ij gh
vo/kkj.kk dks fl[kk;k tkrk gS bl lkexzh ls dSls cPpksa dks enn feyrh gS\ mudk dguk Fkk
fd Bksl phtksa ls ;fn vo/kkj.kk ij dk;Z dh 'kq#vkr dh tkrh gS rks ;g cPpksa dks vo/kkj.kk dks
Bhd ls le>us vkSj ewrZ ls vewrZ dh vksj ys tkus esa dkQh lgk;d gksrh gSA eSaus cPpksa dks
la[;kvksa ij dk;Z ds nkSjku] Bksl lkexzh dks [kwc dke esa fy;kA vDlj cjlkr ds ekSle esa xkao
esa dkyh feV~Vh vklkuh ls fey tkrh gSA eaSus cPpksa ls ipkl&ipkl feV~Vh dh xksfy;ksa dks
cuok;k vkSj d{kk esa ,d Vksdjh esa Hkj fn;kA la[;k fl[kkus ds nkSjku cPpksa dks bu xksfy;ksa dh
enn ls la[;k uke] phtksa dks fxuuk vkSj tksM+ vkSj ?kVko dk vH;kl djok;kA d{kk 1 ds cPps
Hkh blh izdkj dk Bksl phtksa ls vH;kl djrs gSaA cPpksa dh dkfi;ka ns[kus esa cPps la[;kvksa ds
lkFk Bksl phtksa dk tqM+ko ysrs gq, vH;kl djrs gaS ftlesa xf.krh; rdZ dh vksj c<+us dk cPpksa
dk iz;kl jgrk gSA tks vkxs xf.krh; vo/kkj.kkvksa ij le> ds lkFk gh ifjos'kh; xf.kr dks
lh[kus esa Hkh enn djrk gSA pwafd izkFkfed fo|ky; esa lhfer lalk/kuksa ls gh dk;Z djuk gksrk
gSA vr% vklikl ekStwn lkexzh dk f'k{k.k esa dSls mi;ksx gks] ;s d{kk&d{kh; izfØ;kvksa esa vkSj
csgrj lh[kus esa enn djrk gSA jkds'k dk dguk gS fd vt+he izseth QkmaMs'ku ds iqLrdky;
ls eSa cPpksa ds fy, u;h&u;h fdrkcsa vkSj lkexzh dks ysdj vkrk gwa lkFk gh fu;fer rkSj ij
dqN u dqN i<+rk jgrk gwa rkfd f'k{kk esa dgka D;k iz;kl gks jgs gaS muls voxr jgwaA ,d
fnolh; xf.kr dh dk;Z'kkykvksa esa Hkh eq>s ;g lh[kus dks feyk fd cPpksa ds lkFk dk;Z djus gsrq
vkidks fur u;s iz;ksx djrs jgus pkfg;s blls f'k{k.k esa thoarrk cuh jgrh gSA

izkFkfed d{kkvksa esa cPpksa dk
vaxzsth esa Lrj vis{kkd`r de
gksrk gS] vki bls fdl rjg
ns[krs gSa\ jkds'k th dk dguk
Fkk fd cPpksa dk Lrj de ugh
gksrk njvly gekjs
lh[kus&fl[kkus ds rkSj&rjhds
vkt Hkh :f<+oknh gh gSaA vius
iz;klksa dk ftdz djrs gq, jkds'k
th crkrs gSa fd eaS cPpksa dkss ckr
gh ckr esa vaxzsth lh[kus ds fy,
izsfjr djrk gwaA funsZ'k vaxzsth esa nsrk gwaA cPpksa ls vxzsth esa gh NksVs&NksVs okD;ksa esa
loky&tcko djrk gwaA jkstejkZ bl rjg ls laokn djus ls /khjs&/khjs cPps iz'uksa dh Hkk"kk dks
le>dj VwVs&QwVs okD;ksa esa mRrj nsus dk iz;kl djrs gSaA ifjos'k esa vius vklikl fn[kkbZ ns
jgh phtksa ds ckjs esa vaxzsth esa laokn djus ds [kwc ekSds gksrs gSa mudk f'k{k.k esa mi;ksx djrk
gwaA jkds'k th us d{kk 4 o 5 ds cPpksa ls mudh d{kkLrj dh iqLrd ls i<us dk dk;Z djok;k
ftlesa vf/kdka'k cPps Bhd vaxzsth okD;ksa dk mPpkj.k dj ik jgs FksA jkds'k dk dguk Fkk fd
tc ;gka ds cPps mPp izkFkfed fo|ky; esa i<+us tkrs gSa rks ogka ds f'k{kd eq>ls dgrs gSa fd
vkids fo|ky; ls vk;s cPpksa dk Lrj dkQh vPNk gSA mudk ;s dFku esjs iz;klksa dks FkksM+k
lqdwu Hkh nsrk gS vkSj vPNk Hkh yxrk gSA
^^jktdh; izkFkfed fo|ky; jsyos LVs'ku esa foftV ds nkSjku eSaus cPpksa dk Lrj ns[kk tks
f'k{kd ds cssgrjhu iz;klksa dks fn[kkrk gSA gekjh orZeku f'k{kk esa ,sls de volj gaS tc
f'k{kd ds vPNs iz;klksa dks lEeku dh utj ls ns[kk tk;sA f'k{kd jkds'k cPpksa ds lkFk cgqr
esgur djrs gaS tks gekjs foHkkx vkSj vU; f'k{kdksa ds fy, xoZ dh ckr gSA**
& lfork 'kekZ] eq[; CykWd f'k{kk vf/kdkjh] fuokbZ] Vksad
¼f'k{kd jkds'k dh vfuy xqIrk ls gqbZ ckrphr ij vk/kkfjr







  
  
  

jkes'oj th ewyr% lkxj ftys ds
jkgrx<+ Cy‚d ds jtkSyh xk¡o ds
jgus okys gSaA mUgkasus lkxj esa
jgdj viuh ch-,llh- dh i<+kbZ
dh vkSj mlds ckn os dEI;wVj
dk dkslZ ¼ih-th-Mh-lh-,-½ djus
Hkksiky pys x,A ysfdu mlh
nkSjku iSr`d laifÙk dk caVokjk
gksus ls muds ?kj esa vkfFkZd
ladV iSnk gks x;k vkSj os vius
ifjokj dh enn djus ds fy,
i<+kbZ NksM+dj xk¡o ykSV vk, vkSj [ksrh djus yxsA vxys pkj o"kksaZ esa mUgksaus [ksrh djds vius
ifjokj dh vkfFkZd fLFkfr dks /khjs&/khjs csgrj fd;kA ysfdu i<+us dh yyd vc Hkh eu esa FkhA
os vkxs i<+uk vkSj i<+kuk pkgrs FksA blh nkSjku 2005 esa mUgksaus lafonk f'k{kd oxZ&3 dh ijh{kk
Hkh ikl dj yh ysfdu Mh-,M- u gksus dh otg ls mudh fu;qfä gksuk laHko ugha gks ldkA
vkfFkZd fLFkfr dh otg ls os Mh-,M- ugha dj ik jgs Fks ysfdu mudk tquwu bu ck/kkvksa ls dgha
cM+k FkkA mUgksaus 2008 esa vfrfFk f'k{kd ds :i esa 'kkldh; ek/;fed 'kkyk jtokal esa i<+kuk
'kq: dj fn;kA blh lky lafonk f'k{kdksa ds in fQj fudys vkSj Mh-,M- u gksus ds ckotwn
mUgksaus og ijh{kk fQj ls nhA os ,d ckj fQj ikl Hkh gks x,A bl lQyrk ls mUgksaus r; fd;k
fd os vc Mh-,M- dkslZ esa ,Mfe'ku t:j ysaxs vkSj Hkfo"; esa 'kkldh; f'k{kd gh cusaxsA
os 2009 esa 'kkldh; ek/;fed 'kkyk ipkSgk] 2011 esa 'kkldh; gkbZ Ldwy ehj[ksM+h vkSj 2012 esa
'kkldh; ek/;fed 'kkyk eqjyh cklkSnk esa vfrfFk f'k{kd ds :i esa i<+krs jgsA jkgrx<+ esa Mh-
,M-djus dh lqfo/kk ugha Fkh] blfy, vfrfFk f'k{kd gksus ds nkSjku mUgkasus lkxj esa jgdj i<+us
ds fy, iSlk tek fd;kA bl lky mUgksaus lkxj ds Kkuohj d‚yst esa Mh-,M- esa ,Mfe'ku
ysdj 2011 esa Mh-,M- ikl fd;kA 2011 esa mUgksaus lafonk f'k{kd HkrhZ ijh{kk ,d ckj fQj nhA
bl ckj mUgksaus oxZ&3 esa çns'k esa 26 oka LFkku çkIr fd;kA jkgrx<+ Cy‚d dh lwph esa muds
lcls T;knk vad FksA blh ijh{kk esa oxZ nks esa Hkh mudk p;u gks x;k Fkk ysfdu os vius
ekrk&firk dh lsok djus ds fy, jkgrx<+ esa gh jguk pkgrs FksA vr% mUgksaus jkgrx<+ 'kgj ls
2 fdyksehVj nwj 'kkldh; çkFkfed 'kkyk dY;k.kiqj esa 2013 ls lafonk f'k{kd oxZ&3 ds :i
esa dke djuk 'kq: dj fn;kA

jkes'oj th crkrs gSa fd vfrfFk f'k{kd ds :i esa dke djrs gq, mUgksaus viuh 'kkykvksa dks le;
ls [kksyuk vkSj iwjs le; mlds lapkyu dks lqfuf'pr fd;kA muds vkus ds igys ,slk ugha
gksrk FkkA mUgksaus Ldwy esa çkFkZuk lHkk dh Hkh 'kq:vkr dhA muds bu dkeksa dks ns[kdj ikyd
vkSj xzkeh.k Hkh vkSj lg;ksx djus yxsA jkes'oj th dk ekuuk gS fd i<+kbZ ds fy, lcls igys
fo|ky; esa vPNk ekgkSy cukuk t:jh gSA blh dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, mUgksus 'kkldh; çkFkfed
'kkyk dY;k.kiqj esa lcls igyk dke d{kk d{k dks iksLVlZ vkSj Vh-,y-,e- ls ltkus dk fd;kA
d{kk d{k dks lqUnj cukus ds ckn mUgksaus 'kkyk ifjlj dks gjk Hkjk vkSj thoar cukus ds fy,
fofo/k çdkj ds isM+&ikS/ks yxkuk 'kq: fd;kA muds lkFk ,sls dke djus esa cPpksa dks Hkh etk
vkus yxkA os Ldwy [kqyus ds ,d ?kaVk igys gh Ldwy igq¡p tkrs vkSj dke esa tqV tkrsA Ldwy
can gksus ds vk/ks ?kaVs ckn rd os cPpksa ds lkFk dke vkSj ckrphr djrs jgrsA muds dke vkSj
yxu dks ns[kdj ikyd Hkh muds lkFk Ldwy le; ds igys vkSj ckn esa dke djus yxsA
jkes'oj th pkgrs gSa fd muds Ldwy ds cPps vkxs uoksn; fo|ky; esa i<+saA blds fy;s cPpksa
vkSj jkes'oj th ds feys&tqys ç;klksa ls tYn gh dY;k.kiqj Ldwy ifjlj jax&fcjaxs Qwyksa] iÙkksa
vkSj if{k;ksa ls f[ky mBkA Ldwy ifjlj dks ns[kus ds ckn muds bu dkeksa dh ç'kalk rRdkyhu
ch-vkj-lh-lh- ç'kkar frokjh] ch-bZ-vks- ih-,y- frokjh] lh-bZ-vks- vkSj dbZ vf/kdkfj;ksa us dhA gky
gh esa muds Ldwy esa vk;ksftr cky esys esa Q‚jsLV jsat v‚fQlj —".k dqekj ukenso vkSj ,l-Mh-
,e- iou ckfj;k Hkh 'kkfey gq,A mUgksaus Hkh jkes'oj th ds dkeksa dh [kqydj ljkguk dhA cPpksa
}kjk bu vfrfFk;ksa ls iwNs x, lokyksa dks lqudj ,l-Mh-,e- iou ckfj;k us dgk fd cPpksa esa
ç'u vkSj rdZ djus dk dkS'ky ljkguh; gS] blls jkes'oj th dk mRlkg c<+kA

Ldwy ifjlj ds isM+&ikS/kksa dks lkyHkj gjk&Hkjk j[kus ds fy, jkes'oj th dks dbZ eghuksa rd
Ldwy ds ckgj yxs gSaMiai ls ckfYV;ksa esa Hkjdj ikuh ykuk iM+rk FkkA blesa mudh dkQh ÅtkZ
yx tkrh FkhA ,d ckj rRdkyhu ,-ih-lh- ,oa orZeku ladqy çkpk;Z vkj- ds- feJk muds Ldwy
esa vk,A mUgsa 'kkyk ifjlj dk cxhpk cgqr vPNk yxkA mUgksaus jkes'oj th dh ljkguk dh vkSj
muls mudh leL;kvksa ds ckjs esa iwNkA jkes'oj th us flapkbZ ds ikuh dh leL;k ds ckjs esa mUgsa
crk;kA mUgksaus blds lek/kku ds ckjs esa jkes'oj th ls gh lq>ko ek¡xkA jkes'oj th us lq>k;k
fd jkgrx<+ ds lektlsoh fueZy tSu dk os;j gkÅl Ldwy ds ikl gh gSA ;fn os pkgsa rks muds
os;j gkÅl ds cksjosy ls flapkbZ ds fy, ikuh fey ldrk gSA feJk th us rjdhc crkbZ fd
'kkyk ds çfrHkk ioZ dk;ZØe esa fueZy th dks vkeaf=r fd;k tk, vkSj fQj muds lkeus ;g
çLrko j[kk tk,A jkes'oj th us ,slk gh fd;kA fueZy th dks Hkh ;g gjkHkjk lqUnj 'kkyk
ifjlj vPNk yxkA mUgksaus lg"kZ cksjosy dh eksVj ls flapkbZ ds fy, ikuh miyC/k djokus dh
lgefr ns nhA xzke iapk;r ds lfpo us Hkh Ldwy rd ikuh igq¡pkus ds fy, ikbi ykbu fcNokus
esa lg;ksx fd;kA flapkbZ ds fy, ikuh dh lqfo/kk gksus ls jkes'oj th vkSj Ldwy ds cPpksa dk
mRlkg vkSj c<+ x;kA mUgksaus vius Ldwy esa Qwyksa ds isM+&ikS/kksa ds lkFk gh Qynkj isM+ tSls&
vk¡oyk] vke] fcgh ¼ve:n½] dikl Hkh yxk fn,A vc os jch ds ekSle esa ik;s tkus okyh Qlyksa
ds uewus ¼Mseks QkeZ½ Hkh vius
Ldwy ifjlj esa rS;kj djrs gSaA
buds ikl yxkbZ xbZ rf[r;ksa dks
i<+us ls cPpksa dks vukt] nkyksa]
lfCt;ksa vkSj muls 'kjhj dks
feyus okys iks"kd rRoksa dh
tkudkjh Hkh feyus yxh gSA
muds Ldwy esa dbZ vkS"k/kh;
ouLifr;k¡ Hkh yxh gSaA dbZ rjg
ds isM+&ikS/kksa] Qlyksa dks yxkus
vkSj mudh ns[kHkky djus ls
cPpksa dks buds ckjs esa cgqr lkjh ckrsa irk pyh gSaA vc os Ldwy esa vkus okys vfrfFk;ksa dks 'kkyk
Hkze.k ds nkSjku] buds ckjs esa] ekSf[kd tkudkfj;k¡ nsrs gSa vkSj Ldwy ifjlj dks vkSj lqUnj cukus
ds fy, muls lq>ko Hkh ek¡xrs gSaA blls mudh 'kkyk dk ifjlj fnu&c&fnu vkSj lqUnj
curk tk jgk gS lkFk gh cPpksa dh tkudkfj;k¡ vkSj dkS'ky Hkh fodflr gks jgs gSaA

jkes'oj th ds Ldwy esa dysDVj] Mh-ih-lh-] U;wt pSuYl ds fjiksVZlZ] {ks=h; fo/kk;d] dbZ
vf/kdkjh vkSj f'k{kd vc rd vk pqds gSaA dbZ Ldwyksa ds cPps Hkh f'k{kdksa ds lkFk bl lqUnj
Ldwy ifjlj dks ns[kus vkrs gSaA jkgrx<+ ds ,d iwoZ ,l-Mh-,e- us rks muds Ldwy ds cxhps ls
çsj.kk ysdj vius dk;kZy; esa Hkh cxhpk rS;kj djok;kA iwoZ fo/kk;d ik:y lkgw us bl Ldwy
esa py jgh 'kS{kf.kd xfrfof/k;ksa dks ns[krs gq, bl 'kkyk dks ,d yk[k :i, dher dk lkSj
ÅtkZ ls pyus okyk v‚fM;ks&fofM;ks flLVe HksaV fd;kA cPps vc bldh o‚y LØhu vkSj
lkÅal flLVe ij 'kS{kf.kd ohfM;ks vkSj fQYesa ns[krs gSaA dbZ pSuYl us muds Ldwy ij U;wt
fjiksVZ rS;kj dj Vh-oh- ij fn[kkbZ gSA tc iwoZ fo/kk;d ik#y lkgw nwljh ckj Ldwy vkbZa rks
mUgksaus d{kk d{k esa VkbYl yxokus ds fy, Hkh 80 gtkj :i, Loh—r fd,A jkes'oj th us
vius Ldwy ifjlj esa ,d lqUnj QOokjk Hkh cuok;k gSA blds pkjksa vksj v'kksd pØ cuk gSA
'kgjksa esa ty çnw"k.k dks fn[kkus okyk ,d lqUnj e‚My Hkh cPpksa us muds lkFk feydj Ldwy
ifjlj esa cuk;k gSA jkT; f'k{kk dsUæ esa i;kZoj.k v/;;u fo"k; dh leUo;d ehrk xqIrk Hkh
2015 esa muds Ldwy esa vkbZ FkhaA mUgsa bl Ldwy esa py jgh i;kZoj.k v/;;u dh xfrfof/k;k¡
cgqr çHkko'kkyh yxhaA mUgksaus jkes'oj th dks jkT; Lrjh; ewY;kadu lfefr esa 'kkfey dj
fy;kA 2019 esa jkT; Lrjh; vlslesaV lsy ds xBu ds nkSjku i;kZoj.k v/;;u fo"k; ds
fo'ks"kKksa ds ik¡p lnL;h; jkT; Lrjh; lewg esa mUgsa fo"k; fo'ks"kK f'k{kd ds :i esa 'kkfey
fd;k x;k gSA


jkgrx<+ ds dU;k gkbZ Ldwy esa 2017 esa vt+he çseth QkmaMs'ku dk Vhpj yfuaZx lsUVj 'kq:
gksus ds ckn jkes'oj th ;gk¡ vk;ksftr gksus okys dk;ZØeksa esa fu;fer :i ls 'kkfey gksus yxsA
QkmaMs'ku ds lnL; Hkh muds Ldwy esa tkus yxsA jkes'oj th lsUVj ls dqN fdrkcsa ysdj i<+us
yxsA os 2018 esa gks'kaxkckn ds dslyk Cy‚d esa vk;ksftr xzh"edkyhu vkoklh; çf'k{k.k esa
'kkfey gq,A ogk¡ lqcg&losjs ?kweus ds nkSjku i{kh n'kZu djuk mUgsa cgqr vPNk yxkA QkmaMs'ku
ds lnL; ds- vkj- 'kekZ ls mUgksaus bl ckjs esa ckrphr dh ftlls mudk mRlkg c<+kA jkes'oj
th us r; fd;k fd os vius Ldwy esa Hkh ,slk dqN djsaxs fd cPpksa dks Hkh if{k;ksa ds voyksdu dk
ekSdk fey ldsA ysfdu ç'ui= rS;kj djus okyh lfefr ds çf'k{k.k vkSj Ldwy ds vU; dkeksa
dh otg ls mUgsa i;kZIr le; ugha fey ik;kA fnlEcj 2018 esa bUnkSj esa vk;ksftr 'khrdkyhu
vkoklh; çf'k{k.k esa os fQj 'kkfey gq,A ds-vkj-'kekZ ls mudh ,d ckj fQj ckrphr gqbZA
mUgksaus fopkj eaFku 'kq: dj fn;k vkSj dSEi ls ykSVus ds rqjar ckn i{kh n'kZu ds uke ls ,d
vfHkuo çkstsDV vius Ldwy ifjlj esa 'kq: fd;kA blds rgr mUgksaus vius Ldwy ifjlj esa yxs
,d ccwy ds isM+ ds uhps if{k;ksa ds fy, nkuk vkSj ikuh j[kuk 'kq: fd;kA ,slk djus ls dqN u,
i{kh Hkh ogk¡ vkus yxsA cPpksa ds lkFk feydj mUgksaus if{k;ksa ds cSBus ds fy, >wys vkSj NksVh
epku Hkh cukbZA bl {ks= dks vkSj vkd"kZd cukus ds fy, mUgksaus QkmaMs'ku ds lnL; fgeka'kq
[kksys ls i{kh fo'ks"kK M‚-lkfye vyh dh iqLrd ysdj] mlls dbZ fp= vkSj tkudkfj;ksa ds
fçaVvkÅV fudyokdj ogk¡ yxk fn,A Ldwy ds d{kk&d{kksa esa VkbYl yxus dk dke pkyw gksus
vkSj BaM dk ekSle gksus dh otg ls jkes'oj th i{kh n'kZu ds ikl gh rhljh ls ik¡poh rd dh
d{kk,¡ yxkdj i;kZoj.k v/;;u fo"k; i<+kus yxsA bl nkSjku vklikl T;ksa gh dksbZ u;k i{kh
fn[krk gS cPps ,d&nwljs dks fn[kkuk 'kq: dj nsrs FksA os vklikl yxs fp=ksa vkSj tkudkfj;ksa
dh enn ls if{k;ksa dh igpku djus yxs gSaA mudh 'kjhj jpuk vkSj xfrfof/k;ksa dk voyksdu
djus yxs gSaA cPps if{k;ksa dks ysdj vc cgqr mRlkfgr gks x, gSaA os fp=] dforkvksa]
ikBîiqLrd] if=dkvksa vkSj ç'uksa dh enn ls if{k;ksa ds ckjs esa tkudkfj;ksa dk vknku&çnku
djus yxs gSaA jkes'oj th crkrs gSa fd vc cPps jkstkuk if{k;ksa ls tqM+h ubZ&ubZ ckrsa vkSj
xfrfof/k;ka djus yxs gSaA
QkmaMs'ku ds lnL; fgeka'kq [kksys dks [kqjbZ ls jkgrx<+ ds jkLrs ij xkfM+;ksa ls Vdjkdj ;k
dqpydj ejs dbZ i{kh fn[kk djrs FksA mUgksaus Ldwy ds cPpksa ls bl fo"k; ij ppkZ dhA blds
ckn cPps Hkh xk¡o ds vklikl if{k;ksa ds ejus dh lwpuk,a jkes'oj th dks nsus yxsA ,d fnu
Ldwy dh Hkkstu ekrk us crk;k fd xk¡o dh xkS'kkyk ds ihNs ,d fx) ejk iM+k gSA jkes'oj th
vius Ldwy ds cPpksa ds lkFk mls ns[kus x,A fx) fctyh ds rkj ds uhps iM+k FkkA mldh xnZu
Hkh gjh&uhyh iM+ xbZ FkhA xk¡o okyksa dk dguk Fkk fd fx) djsaV ls ejk gSA blds ckn cPpksa us
Qk[rk] cqycqy vkSj xkSjS;k tSls if{k;ksa ds ejus dh lwpuk,a ntZ dhaA cPps if{k;ksa ds ejus ds

dkj.kksa ds ckjs esa Ldwy vkSj ?kj
ij ppkZ djus yxsA cPpksa dks
xk¡o ds yksxksa us tks dkj.k crk,
os mUgsa ntZ djus yxs gaSA os
if{k;ksa ds ia[k vkSj iqjkus ?kksalys
Hkh tek djus yxs gSaA cPpksa us
vius bu lHkh dkeksa dks cky esys
esa çnf'kZr fd;k FkkA cky esys esa
cPpksa us if{k;ksa ds ckjs esa jsatj
—".k dqekj ukenso ls dbZ loky
iwNsA cPpksa ds dqN lokyksa ij rks
os Hkh fu:Ùkj gks x, FksA mUgksaus dgk fd cM+h d{kkvksa esa vkidks buesa ls dqN lokyksa ds tokc
fey tk,axs vkSj dqN lokyksa ds tokc vkidks thou esa [kkstrs jgus gksaxsA

Ldwy ds nks cPpksa us jkes'oj th ds lkFk tkdj vius Ldwy esa if{k;ksa dks ysdj fd, x, dkeksa
dks lkxj ds foosdkuUn fo'ofo|ky; ds KkuksRlo esa Hkh çLrqr fd;kA ogka bu cPpksa dks
iqjL—r Hkh fd;k x;kA Q‚jsLV jsatj —".k dqekj ukenso ds lg;ksx ls Ldwy us 3 ekpZ fo'o
oU;tho laj{k.k fnol ds volj ij if{k;ksa dks cpkus ds fy, ,d jSyh Hkh fudkyhA bl fnu
lektlsoh fueZy tSu ds vkfFkZd lg;ksx ls Ldwy vkSj xk¡o esa if{k;ksa dks xfeZ;ksa esa ikuh
miyC/k djokus ds fy, 50 ldksjs yxk, x,A mUgksaus if{k;ksa ds fy, 25 fdyks nkuk nsus dh
is'kd'k Hkh dhA

cPpksa us if{k;ksa ds laj{k.k dk lans'k nsus ds fy, jkes'oj th dh enn ls ,d ukVd Hkh rS;kj
fd;k gSA jkes'oj th us viuh jpukRedrk dh vfHkO;fä djrs gq, jaxhu dkxtksa ls ukVd ds
ik=ksa ds lqUnj jax&fcjaxs oL= rS;kj fd, FksA QkmaMs'ku ds lnL; fgeka'kq [kksys us [kqjbZ ds ,d
f'k{kd uhjt oekZ dks bl ukVd dks eksckby esa 'kwV vkSj ,fMV djus ds fy, rS;kj fd;kA
uhjt th dh enn ls bl ukVd dks rS;kj dj cky esys esa çkstsDVj ij fn[kk;k x;kA uhjt
th us Hkh vius Ldwy ds cPpksa ds lkFk feydj va/ksj uxjh pkSiV jktk ukVd rS;kj fd;k gSA

,d fnu Ldwy ds ,d cPps us crk;k fd mlds ?kj esa fiatjs esa ,d rksrk gSA og mls eqä djuk
pkgrk gSA jkes'oj th us iwNk fd D;k mlds ekrk&firk bldh vuqefr nsaxs\ mlus dgk fd
;fn os lkFk pysa rks og vius ekrk&firk dks euk ysxkA jkes'oj th us mlds ekrk&firk dks

le>k;k fd if{k;ksa dks Hkh Lora=
thou thus dk vf/kdkj gSA cPps
vkSj jkes'oj th ds rdksaZ ls
ekrk&firk lger gks x,A
mUgksaus fiatjs ds }kj [kksy fn,A
ysfdu dbZ lkyksa ls fiatjs esa can
gksus dh otg ls rksrk mM+ ugha ik
jgk FkkA lHkh dks mldh lqj{kk
dh fpark gksus yxhA vr% mldh
lqj{kk ds fy, mls iqu% fiatjs esa
j[kuk iM+kA jkes'oj th }kjk
cPpksa vkSj if{k;ksa ds lkFk fd, x, dkeksa dks ns[kdj QkmaMs'ku ds lnL; ds-vkj-'kekZ us muds
fy, [kjxkSu ls rhu fdrkcsa HksthaA jsatj —".k dqekj ukenso us Hkh ou foHkkx }kjk Ldwyh cPpksa
ds fy, rS;kj xbZ dh xbZ iqfLrdk,a mUgsa miyC/k djokbZaA jkes'oj th vc budh enn ls cPpksa
esa i;kZoj.k v/;;u fo"k; ds dkS'ky fodflr djus esa yxs gq, gSaA

Ldwy esa jkes'oj th }kjk cuk, x, i{kh n'kZu ls çsfjr gksdj cPps Hkh vius ?kjksa esa i{kh n'kZu
çkstsDV dks rS;kj djus yxs gSaA vc rd 10 ls vf/kd cPpksa us vius ifjokj ds lnL;ksa ds
lg;ksx ls vius&vius ?kjksa ds vk¡xu esa i{kh n'kZu cuk, gSaA dqN cPps vHkh bUgsa rS;kj dj jgs
gSaA if{k;ksa ds laj{k.k ds fy, cPpksa ds dkeksa vkSj mRlkg dks ns[kdj ifjokj ds lnL;ksa dks Hkh
vPNk yx jgk gSA jkes'oj th cPpksa ds ?kj tkdj muds i{kh n'kZu dks ns[krs gSa vkSj muds
ifjokj ds lnL;ksa ls ppkZ djrs gSaA cPpksa us Ldwy ls feys ldksjksa dks vius i{kh n'kZu esa yxk;k
gS vkSj mls vius lqUnj jaxhu fp=ksa ls ltk;k gSA cPpksa }kjk cuk, i{kh n'kZu ns[kus ds mís';
ls jkes'oj th vkSj 'kkyk dh ç/kkuk/;kfidk Jherh oh.kk jk; ds lkFk xk¡o esa cPps 'kS{kf.kd
Hkze.k Hkh djrs gSaA Ldwy esa ykSVdj muds voyksduksa ds ckjs esa f'k{kd muls ppkZ Hkh djrs gSaA
'kkyk ifjokj vc vkxs frrfy;ksa vkSj tkuojksa dks ysdj Hkh blh rjg ds çkstsDV rS;kj djus ds
fy, rS;kjh dj jgk gSA QkmaMs'ku lnL; vkSj jsatj —".k dqekj ukenso blesa lg;ksx dj jgs
gSaA

f'k{kd jkes'oj th vkSj ç/kkuk/;kfidk Jherh oh.kk jk; ds csgrj ç;klksa dks ns[kdj xk¡o dh
okWVj'ksM lfefr us Ldwy dh ckÅaMªh oky dk ,d fgLlk rS;kj djok;k gSA blh dM+h esa
jkgrx<+ ds O;kikjh jkds'k tSu vkSj ef.kd tSu us Hkh Ldwy ds cPpksa ds fy, fQlyiêh vkSj

>wys yxokus ds fy, vkfFkZd lgk;rk miyC/k djkbZ gSA ,d vU; O;kikjh }kjk Hkh Ldwy ds fy,
dkjisV vkSj okWVj dUVsuj HksaV fd, x, gSa A xk¡o ds ljiap }kjk Ldwy dks xeys HksaV fd, x,
gSaA lkFk gh xk¡o ds yksx Hkh Ldwy ds dkeksa esa vyx&vyx rjg ls lg;ksx djrs jgrs gSaA
jkes'oj th ds Ldwy dks 2016 esa Cy‚d Lrjh; vkSj 2018 esa ftyk Lrjh; LoPNrk iqjLdkj rFkk
2017 vkSj 2018 esa Ldwy çca/ku esa 'kS{kf.kd Lrj ij mR—"V dk;Z ds fy, ftyk Lrjh; iqjLdkj
çkIr gqvk gSA os crkrs gSa fd cpiu esa vfHkO;fä ds i;kZIr ekSds u fey ikus dh otg ls os
vPNh rjg vius fopkjksa vkSj dkeksa dh vfHkO;fä ugha dj ikrs FksA bl leL;k ls mcjus esa mUgsa
cgqr le; yxkA os pkgrs gSa fd muds Ldwy ds lHkh cPpksa dks i<+kbZ ds lkFk&lkFk [kqn djds
lh[kus vkSj vfHkO;fä ds Hkjiwj ekSds feysa rkfd os thou esa lHkh rjg dh pqukSfr;ksa dk gy fcuk
fujk'k gq, [kkstrs jg ldsaA os dgrs gSa fd cPpksa ds lkFk dke djrs gq, mUgksaus Hkh cgqr lh[kk
gSA lHkh cPpksa dks mudh vko';drk ds vuqlkj lh[kus ds ekSds ns ikuk f'k{kd ds fy, pqukSrh
gksrh gSA cPpksa dks tc muds utfj, ls jkspd vkSj lkFkZd dke fn, tkrs gSa rks muesa [kqn djds
lh[kus dk mRlkg iSnk gksrk gS] ftlls muesa dbZ dkS'kyksa dk fodkl lkFk&lkFk gksrk gSA i{kh
n'kZu ds ek/;e ls dbZ cPpksa us dfork] dgkuh] fuca/k fy[kus 'kq: fd, gSaA dbZ cPpksa us fp=
cukuk vkSj jax Hkjuk 'kq: fd;k gSA dbZ cPps Ldwy ds ikl ds taxy esa i{kh n'kZu ds fy, tkus
dh ftn djus yxs gSaA 'kS{kf.kd Hkze.k ds nkSjku cPps dqN ia[k vkSj iqjkus ?kksalys Hkh tek djrs
gSaA dqN vU; cPpksa us feêh] iÙks vkSj if{k;ksa ds ia[k ysdj f[kykSus cukus 'kq: dj fn, gSaA
lh[kus&fl[kkus ds bu rjhdksa ls gh cky dsfUær f'k{kk dh lPph vuqHkwfr gqbZ gSA jkes'oj th dk
dguk gS fd 'kkyk çHkkjh oh.kk jk;] lh-,-lh- fouksn rkezdkj vkSj xzkeokfl;ksa ds lg;ksx ds
fcuk 'kkyk ifjlj dks lqUnj cukuk vlaHko FkkA
ys[k ls lacaf/kr ohfM;ks fyaDl&

caly U;wt pSuy
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ycMcq_3ZpYI&t=4s
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4_UaaR9D-gE&t=7s
oh.kk nsoh ;wV~;wc pSuy
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CcesxmsdWss
[kqjbZ CykWd ds eqdkjeiqj Ldwy ds “kh’kZd uhjt oekZ dk neeraj.verma lodhi uke ls ls ;wV~;wc ij pSuy
gSA bl ij mUgksaus vius “kS{kf.kd dk;ksZa dh dqN ohfM;ks Mkyh gSa ftlesa ukVd n;kyq fl)kFkZ
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pbu3AXZqwj4&t=5s vkSj va/ksj uxjh] pkSiV jktk
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pbu3AXZqwj4&t=5s Hkh “kkfey gSa
¼jkes”oj izlkn yks/kh dh fgeka”kq [kksys ls gqbZ ckrphr ij vk/kkfjr½






  
  
  
  

jktdh; mPp çkFkfed fo|ky;
cSuksyh Cy‚d t[kksyh ftyk
#æç;kx esa fLFkr gSA #æç;kx
tuin eq[;ky; ls bldh nwjh
yxHkx 18 fdyksehVj gSA cSuksyh
xk¡o ls gksrs gq, fo|ky; tkus dk
jkLrk gSA xk¡o ds lkQ lqFkjs
okrkoj.k ls eu rktxh dk
vglkl djrk gSA vf/kdka'k ?kjksa
ds lkeus ekYVk ds isM+ Qyksa ls
yns gq, gSaA tSls gh vki fo|ky;
esa ços'k djrs gSa cPpksa }kjk cukbZ xbZ D;kfj;k¡ vkidk /;ku [khaprh gSa] ftuesa jax&fcjaxs f[kys
Qwy ekuks gj vkus okys dk Lokxr dj jgs gksaA fo|ky; çkax.k lkQ&lqFkjk vkSj o`{kksa ls
vkPNkfnr gSA lqcg dh çkFkZuk lHkk esa laxhre; xhr dh çLrqfr fo|ky; ds okrkoj.k esa
rktxh yk nsrh gSA bu lHkh ç;klksa ds ihNs f'kf{kdk xhrk ukSfV;ky dh egÙoiw.kZ Hkwfedk gSA
vkids ç;klksa vkSj f'k{kd cuus dh ;k=k ds ckjs esa tc tku ik;k rks vkius crk;k fd esjk
cpiu ls gh f'k{kd cuus dk liuk FkkA tc eSa vius firkth ls tkuuk pkgrh Fkh fd f'k{kd
cuus ds fy, D;k djuk iM+rk gS\ rks og dgrs fd [kwc i<+uk iM+rk gSA fQj eSaus fganh fo"k; ls
,e-fQy-dh fMxzh çkIr dh vkSj ,d çkbosV fo|ky; esa f'k{kd ds :i esa dke djus yxhA blh
chp esjk uke va'kdkfyd f'k{kd ds :i esa ljdkjh lsok esa vk x;kA firk th dks esjh fu;qä
dk i= çkIr gqvk rks mudh [kq'kh dk fBdkuk ugha jgkA og i= nsus ds fy, esjs Ldwy vk jgs Fks]
og viuh [kq'kh eq>ls dg Hkh u ik, vkSj jkLrs esa gh mudk ,DlhMsaV gks x;kA eq>s lwpuk feyh
dh vkids firk th dk ,DlhMsaV gks x;k gSA esjs igq¡pus ls igys gh firk th ugha jgsA eq>s
fo'okl gh ugha gks jgk Fkk fd firk th ugha jgsA fdUrq bl ?kVuk ds ckn f'k{kd cuuk esjk
liuk ugha y{; cu x;kA eSaus vius lius dks 1995 esa ia[k yxk fn,A vc esjk y{; gS esjs
fo|ky; dk gj cPpk lh[ks blds fy, fujarj ç;Ru'khy jgrh gw¡A f'k{kk txr us esjs ç;klksa
ij eq>s f'k{kd thou dh vueksy miyfC/k nh vkSj 5 flrEcj 2014 dks f'k{kd fnol ij
jk"Vªifr iqjLdkj ls lEekfur fd;kA
orZeku esa ljdkjh Ldwyksa ds çfr lkekftd utfj;s esa cnyko ,oa fxjrs ukekadu ds dkj.kksa ij
tc ppkZ dh rks vkius crk;k] cSuksyh xk¡o esa yxHkx 40 ls 42 ifjokj jgrs gSaA eq>s bl ckr dk
nq%[k gS fd fiNys nks rhu lkyksa esa xk¡o ls yxHkx 10&12 ifjokj vkthfodk ds fy, iyk;u
dj pqds gSaA ftldk çHkko xk¡o ij rks iM+k gh mlls gekjk Ldwy Hkh vNwrk ugha jgkA tgk¡
fo|ky; esa 35 ls 40 cPpksa dh la[;k gksrh Fkh] og la[;k 18 cPpksa dh gks xbZ gSA xk¡o ls

iyk;u ,d egkekjh dh rjg igkM+ksa dks viuh pisV esa ys jgk gSA ftlls esjs igkM+ksa ds xk¡o
vkSj Ldwy [kkyh gksrs tk jgs gSaA eSaus iwNk fd vkidk ewy f'k{k.k fo"k; fganh Hkk"kk gS] Hkk"kk dks
ysdj vkidk D;k ekuuk gS\ vkidk ekuuk gS fd Hkk"kk flQZ vfHkO;fä dk ek/;e gh ugha gS
cfYd nqfu;k dks tkuus le>us dk ek/;e Hkh gSA esjk fo"k; fganh Hkk"kk gS rks bl fo"k; ls fo'ks"k
yxko Hkh gSA Hkk"kk ij dke djrs gq, ns[kk fd Hkk’kk cPpksa ls çse djus dk ek/;e gSA Hkk"kk gh gS
tks cPpksa dks gekjs djhc ykrh gS vkSj nwj Hkh ys tkrh gSA gekjh Hkk"kk cPpksa dks nksLr cuk ysrh
gS ftlls og viuh ckr csf>>d dgrs gSaA cSuksyh xk¡o ugha esjk ?kj gS] ftlds dkj.k lHkh
cPpksa ds ifjokj ds ckjs esa tkurh gw¡A eSa cPpksa ls ckrphr dks cgqr egRo nsrh gw¡A ftlls muds
?kj] lq[k&nq%[k ds ckjs esa tkuus ij ,d yxko curk gSA cPpk vxj Bhd ls ugha cksyrk rks eq>s
irk yx tkrk gS fd bls dqN fnDdr gSA fQj eSa mldh leL;k tkudkj mldk fuokj.k djus
dk ç;kl djrh gw¡A ,slh gh ,d ?kVuk gS] tqykbZ esa iwtk uke dh ,d yM+dh d{kk 6 esa vkbZA
og ckr djus esa Hkh Mjh jgrh FkhA esjh fpark iwtk ds xqelqe jgus ls c<+rh FkhA eSaus dkj.kksa dk
irk yxkuk 'kq: fd;k rks irk yxk fd ?kj ds gkykr Bhd ugha FksA ?kj esa mls i<+us dk oä gh
ugha feyrk FkkA Ldwy dh i<kbZ esa Hkh mldk eu ugha yxrk FkkA iwtk dk vkRefo'okl dSls
ykSVs ;g esjh cM+h fpark FkhA mlds fy, eSaus ç;kl djuk 'kq: fd;kA iwtk dks Ldwy esa gh dke
iwjk djus dk le; vkSj çksRlkgu nsuk 'kq: fd;kA gekjk Lusg ikdj mlesa ,d ubZ ped vkbZA
mlesa rsth ls cnyko vkuk 'kq: gqvk] vkt og ,d gksf'k;kj cPph ds :i esa vkxs dh i<+kbZ dj
jgh gSA
cPps vFkZiw.kZ ,oa vkuannk;d rjhds ls lh[ksa blds fy, vkidk D;k ç;kl jgrk gS\ vkius
crk;k fd lqcg dh lHkk ls bldh 'kq#vkr gks tkrh gS ftlesa ckyxhr] pqVdqys] igsfy;k¡]
LFkkuh; lekpkj vkfn dks cPpksa }kjk vius 'kCnksa esa fijksdj lquk;k tkrk gSA blls cPpksa dh
f>>d nwj gksrh gS vkSj viuh ckr j[kus dh dyk Hkh fu[kjrh gSA esjk ç;kl jgrk gS fd cPps
flQZ i<a+s gh ugha mlds vFkZ dks Hkh le> ik;saA blds fy, mUgsa O;kogkfjd thou ds vuqHko ls
tksMrh gw¡A ftu cPpksa dks i<+us&fy[kus esa fnDdr gksrh gS muds lkFk dgkuh dfork dks ysdj
dke djrh gw¡A dgkuh dks gkoHkko ds lkFk lqukuk fQj esjs }kjk i<+uk] lh[kh xbZ /ofu ls u,
'kCn ,oa okD; cuokukA blds lkFk gh çR;sd fnu fganh dh vyx&vyx xfrfof/k;ka djokrh
gw¡ tSls& dfork ikB] dgkuh lqukuk] vUrk{kjh] lqys[k çfr;ksfxrk bR;kfnA blds lkFk gh cPpksa
dks viuh ckr j[kus ds fy, pankekek uke ls ekfld if=dk fudkyrs gSaA ftldk lEikndh;
fy[kus ls ysdj lkexzh tqVkus dk dk;Z cPps gh djrs gSaA gekjs cPpksa dh dbZ jpuk,¡ QkmaMs'ku
}kjk çdkf'kr ^Nikd* if=dk dk fgLlk Hkh curh gSaA blds lkFk gh gekjs fo|ky; esa cPpksa ds
fy, Hkk"kk dk dksuk cuk;k x;k gSA iqLrdky; dk mi;ksx cPpksa ds fy, lqyHk cuk;k gSA cPps
gh iqLrdky; dk lapkyu djrs gSa vkSj fdrkcsa b';w dj ?kj Hkh ys tkrs gSaA ftlds dkj.k cPpksa
ds 'kCn HkaMkj] dYiuk] rdZ djus dh {kerk esa o`f) gqbZ gSA eSaus vius ?kj ij Hkh iqLrdky;

cuk;k gS ftldk mi;ksx eSa rks
djrh gh gw¡ esjs cPps Hkh djrs gSaA
cPpksa ds mi;ksx ds fy, geus
,slh O;oLFkk cukbZ fd tc Hkh
mudks le; feys os vk,a] i<+sa
vkSj fdrkc dks ?kj Hkh ys tk,aA
blds lkFk Ldwy dh miyfC/k esa
ns[kk tk; rks jkT;Lrjh;
çfr;ksfxrk esa gekjs cPpksa us Hkkx
fy;k tSls& lqys[k] dfork ikB]
vUrk{kjh vkfnA
cPpksa ls tc ckrphr gqbZ rks vf/kdka'k cPpksa dk fç; fo"k; Hkk"kk ds lkFk xf.kr Hkh gSA blds
ckjs esa eSaus tc vki ls tkuk] rks vkius crk;k fd xf.kr ,d dfBu fo"k; gS ;s ,d loZekU;
dFku ;=&r= lqukbZ nsrk gSA çk;% ns[kk tkrk gS fd xf.kr fo"k; dk f'k{k.k vU; fo"k;ksa ds
f'k{k.k ls br~j ns[kk ;k le>k tkrk gSA f'k{kd gks ;k f'k{kkFkhZ lHkh xf.kr fo"k; dks
i<+us&i<+kus ;k lh[kus&fl[kkus esa vuq'kklu ,oa 'kkar okrkoj.k dh nqgkbZ nsrs gSaA 'kk;n ;gh
fcUnq xf.kr f'k{k.k esa Hk; mRiUu dj vkRefo'okl dks fopfyr dj nsrk gSA okLro esa
vf/kdka'k cPps xf.kr f'k{k.k esa :fp ugha ys ikrs] ;gh dkj.k gS fd xf.kr esa dqN cPps egkjr
gkfly dj ysrs gSa vkSj dqN ijh{kk ikl djuk gh viuk eq[; /;s; le> cSBrs gSaA esjk eUrO;
gS fd xf.kr dh d{kk dks ,slk thoar cuk;k tk;s fd cPpk Lo;a lh[ks] Lo;a lkekU;hdj.k djs
rFkk Lo;a gh fu"d"kZ rd igqapus dk ç;kl djsA xf.kr dh d{kk ,d fo'ks"k çdkj dh
ç;ksx'kkyk ;k Kku fuekZ.k 'kkyk cus tgka f'k{kd o fo|kFkhZ leku :i ls lfØ; Hkkxhnkj gksa]
dksbZ Hkh fdlh ij lh[kus o fl[kkus dh ftEesnkjh u FkksisA mnkgj.k Lo#i ;fn ge cPps dks
:i;s iSls dh tkudkjh nsuk pkgrs gSa rks fofHkUu çdkj dh oLrqvksa dh iSfdax doj dks bdB~Bk
djsa vkSj blls vkHkklh eqnzk cuk;saA cPps ysu&nsu dh çfØ;k dks [ksy&[ksy esa lh[krs gSa vkSj
lgt gh :i;s iSls dh vo/kkj.kk ij le> cuk ysrs gSaA bl Øe dks vkSj vkxs c<+krs gq, ge
fo|ky; esa e/;kUg Hkkstu esa yxus okyh oLrqvksa dh lwph rS;kj djkrs gSaA ftlls uki&rksy
dh le>] vkdM+ksa dh lkj.kh cukus vkfn ij #fpiw.kZ xf.kr f'k{k.k dk;Z fd;k tkrk gSA bl
çdkj dh xf.kr dh d{kk Hk;] ruko ncko ls dkslkas nwj gksrh gSA okLro esa xf.kr f'k{k.k] ek=
,d fo"k; ugha] cfYd gekjs nSfud thou dk vfHkUu vax Hkh gSA gekjs nSfud thou dks xf.kr
fdl çdkj çHkkfor djrk gS bldks lkFkZd djus ds fy, gekjh d{kk cPpksa ds fy, ,d
vkuannk;d eap rS;kj djrh gS tgk¡ cPpk vuqeku o dYiuk dks ia[k yxkdj ewrZrk ls vewrZrk

dh [kkst esa fudy iM+rk gSA xf.kr dh d{kk ftruh #fpdj ,oa vkuannk;h o [kqyh lksp ij
vk/kkfjr gksxh mruk gh Nk= xf.kr ls utnhfd;ka cukdj vius Kku dks le`) o rkfdZd
cuk;saxsA
vki cPpksa ds lkFk tks Hkh ç;kl djrh gaS og cPpksa ds ek/;e ls leqnk; rd igq¡prk gSA
fo|ky; çca/k lfefr dh v/;{kk fouhrk nsoh Lukrd rd f'k{kk çkIr gSa] og fo|ky; ds fodkl
esa lnSo rRij jgrh gSaA lfefr ds lkFk feydj ;kstuk cukrh gSa vkSj mls ykxw djus dk ç;kl
djrh gSaA leqnk; ds ç;kl ls fo|ky; dks csgrj djus esa dkQh lg;ksx feyk gSA lfefr us
feydj ;g fu;e cuk;k gS fd cPps ds tUe fnu ij vfHkHkkod }kjk fo|ky; esa o`{kkjksi.k
fd;k tk;xk ftlds dkj.k vkt gekjk fo|ky; isM+&ikS/kksa ls gjk&Hkjk gSA
xhrk th bu lHkh dk;ksaZ dk Js; ç/kkukpk;Z Jh jktsUæ flag dks nsrh gSaA ij ç/kkukpk;Z th dk
ekuuk gS fd xhrk ukSfV;ky th fur u;s&u;s uokpkj djrh gSa ftlls fo|ky; ds cPpksa dks
dkQh ykHk feyk gSA vki bldk Js; Vhe Hkkouk dks Hkh nsrs gSaA ge lHkh ds ç;klksa ls vf/kdka'k
cPpksa ds lh[kus dk Lrj vPNk gqvk gSA ftldk ifj.kke gS fd gekjs cPps fofHkUu çfr;ksfxrkvksa
esa LFkku cuk ik jgs gSaA
¼xhrk ukSfV;ky ls vuwi 'kqDyk dh ckrphr ij vk/kkfjr½







  
  
  

^mEehn gh rks Fkh ftldk nkeu Fkkes&Fkkes ;gk¡ rd vk igqaph gw¡A* fpyfpykrh xehZ esa brokj
ds fnu dqN u;k lh[kus dh bPNk ds pyrs f'kf{kdk jhrk ekgs'ojh dks lquuk fdlh fQYe dh
jhy dk [kqyrs tkuk lk ekywe gks jgk FkkA oks f'kf{kdk gSa] ckM+esj ds çkFkfed fo|ky; HkkfV;ksa
dh <k.kh esaA lj ij iYyk fy, oks cgqr vkRefo'okl ls viuh ckr j[krh gSaA egkuxjksa esa jgus
okys yksxksa dks] QsfefuTe dh ckrsa djus okyksa dks] dgkfu;k¡&dfork;sa fy[kus okyksa dks /;ku
yxkdj jhrk ekgs'ojh dh dgkuh lquuh pkfg,A
jhrk ekgs'ojh viuh dgkuh lqukuk 'kq: djrh gSa] ^ckr 1989 dh gS] eSaus bl lky nloha ikl
dh FkhA eq>s i<+uk cgqr vPNk yxrk FkkA eS [kwc i<+uk pkgrh FkhA ysfdu nloha ds ckn vkxs
dh i<+kbZ ds fy, ikik us euk dj fn;kA ikik ds dkj.k Hkh okftc gh jgs gksaxsA ge lkr cgusa
FkhaA nknh dkQh chekj jgk djrh FkhaA dekus okys ikik vdsys FksA ikik dks yxk fd vxj eq>s
i<+k;k rks ckfd;ksa dks Hkh i<+kuk gksxk] vkSj ,d vdsys ikik Hkyk fdl&fdl ds ihNs Hkkxrs
fQjsaxsA ysfdu esjs eu esa Hkh ;gh ckr Fkh fd vxj eSaus i<+kbZ NksM+ nh rks ckdh cguksa dh i<+kbZ
NwVuk Hkh fuf'pr gh gSA blfy, eq>s dqN rks djuk FkkA eSaus eu gh eu Bku fy;k fd pkgs dqN
Hkh gks] fdruh gh eqf'dysa vk;s] eSa i<+uk rks tkjh j[kwaxh gh] vius fy, Hkh vkSj viuh cguksa ds
fy, HkhA
;g vklku rks ugha Fkk ysfdu eqf'dysa eq>s Mjkrh ugha Fkha] yqHkkrh FkhaA eSaus vkxs i<+us dh bPNk
j[kus okyh viuh tSlh yM+fd;ksa ls ckr dh vkSj mudh dPph bPNkvksa dks fgEer nhA T;knkrj
yM+fd;ka ?kjokyksa ds ncko esa FkhaA ysfdu mudh vk¡[kksa esa vkxs i<+us dk liuk pedrk FkkA
blh chp esjh eqykdkr eatw nhnh ls gqbZA eatw nhnh nks lky igys gkbZ Ldwy ikl dj pqdh FkhaA
mudh Hkh i<+kbZ can FkhA mudh i<+kbZ can gksus dk dkj.k Fkk cpiu esa gqvk iksfy;ksA ysfdu tc
mUgksaus eq>ls vkxs i<+us dh ;kstuk ds ckjs esa lquk rks mudh vk¡[kksa esa tks ped vkbZ mls
ns[kdj eq>s yxk fd ;s lkFk t:j nsaxhA vly esa] eSa i<+us dh bPNk j[kus okyh yM+fd;ksa dk
,d xzqi cuk jgh FkhA geus bl xzqi esa 19 yM+fd;ksa dks 'kkfey dj fy;kA geus ikl dh
rglhy Jh ek/kksiqj esa ,d Ldwy esa ,Mfe'ku fy;k vkSj r; fd;k fd bl ckr dks xqIr j[kk
tk;sxk vkSj ifjokj ij bldk cks> ugha Mkyk tk;sxkA Ldwy nwj Fkk rks ,d thi dh O;oLFkk
dh x;h tks lc yM+fd;ksa dks Ldwy ys tkus vkSj okil ykus ds fy, FkhA thi dh O;oLFkk ds
ckotwn gesa dbZ ckj Ldwy igq¡pus esa nsj gks tkrh FkhA gesa vxj Ldwy igqapus esa nsj gks tkrh rks
fot;y{eh eSMe gekjk bartkj djrh FkhaA mUgsa gekjs gkSlyksa dks ns[k cgqr [kq'kh gksrh FkhA eq>s
vdlj eatw ds lkFk vkus dh otg ls nsj gks gh tkrh Fkh D;ksafd cpiu esa gq, iksfy;ks dh otg
ls mls pyus esa ijs'kkuh FkhA ;g gekjs gkSlyksa dh gh ckr jgh gksxh fd vc cl okys Hkh gekjk
lkFk nsus yxs vkSj 50 iSls esa ge Ldwy igq¡pus yxsA dqN yksx Fks tks gekjk lkFk ns jgs Fks] u
flQZ Ldwy igq¡pkus esa cfYd xk¡o okyksa ls ;g ckr Nqikus esa Hkh fd xk¡o dh 19 yM+fd;ka i<+us
tk jgh gSaA

ysfdu lc dqN vPNk gh vPNk
pys rks dkgs dh dgkuhA X;kjgoha
dh Qkbuy ijh{kk dk igyk
ijpk Fkk ml fnuA geus le;
ij ijh{kk nsus igq¡pus ds fy, thi
cqd dhA ge dqN nwj gh vkxs c<s+
Fks fd jLrs esa iM+us okys egjkSyh
xk¡o ds yM+dksa us thi ij iRFkj
Qsadus 'kq: dj fn,A ;s jktiwrksa
dk xk¡o Fkk vkSj ;gk¡ ds yM+dksa
dks ;g lgu ugha gks jgk Fkk fd
yM+fd;ka i<+us tk jgh gSaA mu yM+dksa ds gkFkksa esa ykfB;ka Hkh FkhaA iRFkj rks yxkrkj cjl gh jgs
FksA thi dh LihM [kwc c<+kdj Mªkboj vady us fdlh rjg gesa cpk rks fy;k ysfdu ijh{kk nsus
yk;d eu dh fLFkfr cph ugha Fkh gekjhA
lkeus ijh{kk i= Fkk vkSj eu esa lkS loky fd vc rks ?kjokyksa dks irk py gh tk,xkA D;k gksxk
rc\ gekjh eSMe us gekjh ijs'kkuh Hkkairs gq, dgk] csVk rqe yksx vkjke ls isij nks] lc Bhd gks
tk,xkA rqe yksxksa ds vfHkHkkod vk x, gSa] oks ckgj gSaA
eSMe rks gesa le>k jgh Fkha ysfdu gekjs gks'k gh mM+ x, ;g lqudj tSls&rSls isij fn;kA ckgj
firkth [kM+s Fks lkFk esa iqfyl okys Hkh FksA iqfyl okys us firkth ls dgk] iqfyl dh xkM+h thi
ds lkFk tk,xhA vki fpark u djsaA yM+fd;ka lqjf{kr ?kj igq¡p tk,¡xhA ysfdu oks cspkjs iqfyl
okys D;k tkusa fd gesa vlyh Mj rks firkth dk gh Fkk] yMdksa ls rks ge fuiV gh ysrs ;g dkSu
dgs iqfyl okys vady th lsA ykSVrs le; fQj iRFkjksa dh cjlkr gqbZ ysfdu bl ckj iqfyl
lkFk Fkh rks dkQh yM++ds idM+s x,A ysfdu ge yM+fd;ksa dh vlyh yM+kbZ rks ?kj tkdj 'kq:
gksuh FkhA tc ?kjokyksa ls MkaV iM+uh Fkh fd iwjs lky Nqidj i<+kbZ dSls dh geusA ysfdu 'kk;n
gekjs ?kjokyksa us dqN le>k gesa vkSj T;knk dqN dgk ughaA cfYd vxys fnu ds isij ds fy, gj
yM+dh ds ?kj ls ,d O;fä isij fnykus lkFk x;kA mlds ckn lkjs isij ?kjokyksa us fnyok,A
gekjs fy, ;g ,d cgqr cM+h yM+kbZ thrus tSlk FkkA eu ls Nqidj i<+us tkus dk Hkkj gV x;k
FkkA
ijh{kk,a rks gks x;haA ysfdu ftUnxh dh ijh{kk;sa rks ckdh gh FkhaA dqN yM+fd;ksa ds ?kjokyksa us
ijh{kk ds ckn yM+fd;ksa dh 'kknh djus dh ;kstuk cuk yhA vklikl gekjs ckjs esa dkQh ckrsa
cuk;h tkus yxh FkhaA esjs firk th us Hkh eq>ls dgk fd csVk çkbosV Q‚eZ Hkj ns] jsxqyj rks u i<+k
ik;saxsA ysfdu eSa ekuus okyh ugha FkhA esjs lkFk eatw nhnh Hkh Fkha vkSj dqN yM+fd;ka Hkh 'kkfey
FkhaA xk¡o okyksa dks ;g le> esa vk x;k Fkk fd bu yMfd;ksa esa i<+us dh bPNk dkQh gSA dqN

yksxksa us bl bPNk dk lEeku fd;k vkSj xk¡o esa gh d{kk 12 dh d{kk,a py ldsa bldh O;oLFkk
dhA blds pyrs xk¡o dh ckdh yM+fd;ksa dks Hkh i<+us dh lqfo/kk fey x;hA ftlesa esjh NksVh
cgusa Hkh 'kkfey FkhaA vkxs pydj xk¡o esa baVj d‚yst cu x;k vkSj xk¡o dh yMfd;ksa dks gekjh
rjg Hkkxdj] >wB cksydj tkus dh t:jr ugha iM+hA
firkth dks yxk baVj ikl dj fy;k vc cgqr gqvkA ysfdu eSa dgk¡ ekuus okyh FkhA eq>s rks
d‚yst tkuk Fkk] vkxs dh i<kbZ djuh FkhA tSls esjs thou dk ,d gh y{; Fkk i<+kbZ djukA
eq>s yx jgk Fkk eSa i<waxh rks cgqr lkjh yM+fd;ksa ds fy, jkLrs [kqysaxsA d‚yst dh i<+kbZ ds fy,
eq>s t;iqj tkuk FkkA tks gekjs xk¡o jhxl ls 60 fdeh nwj FkkA ;{k ç'u ;g Fkk fd tc 17
fdeh nwj i<+us tkus ij brus iaxs gq, rks Hkyk 60 fdeh dkSu tkus nsrkA eSa xk¡o dh igyh yM+dh
Fkh tks d‚yst dh i<kbZ djus dh bPNqd FkhA esjs lkeus Hkh leL;k Fkh fd dSls vkxs c<+k tk,A
dqN irk ugha] D;k fo"k; ysa] dkSu lk d‚yst pqusa] fdlls ckr dh tk;] iSls dgk¡ ls vk;saxs
vkfnA
eq>s fo|k vkaVh dh ;kn vkbZA fo|k vkaVh ikik ds ,d nksLr MkW- gfjyky gSa] mudh iRuh gSaA
ikik crk;k djrs Fks fd dSls gfj vady us fo|k vkaVh dks 'kknh ds ckn i<+k;kA bu fnuksa t;iqj
esa fo|k vkaVh ,d Ldwy pyk;k djrh FkhaA fo|k vkaVh tks mu fnuksa xk¡o esa Fkha] muls geus ckr
dh rks mUgksaus gesa gh le>k;k fd rqEgkjs firkth rqEgkjh 'kknh djus okys gSa] rqEgkjk d‚yst chp
esa NwV tk;sxk blfy, rqe vkxs i<+us dh ckr dks jgus nksA mudh ckr ls eSa fujk'k ugha gqbZA
tkus D;ksa eSa fdlh dh Hkh udkjkRed ckr ls fujk'k ugha gksrh Fkh] ,slk yxrk Fkk eSaus dqN lquk
gh ughaA
ysfdu lc ds chp eq>s /;ku vk;k fd esjh rks lxkbZ gks pqdh gSA oks rks 1987 esa gh gks pqdh FkhA
vkSj vc yM+ds okyksa dh rjQ ls 'kknh dk ncko cu jgk FkkA 'kk;n yM+ds okyksa ds eu esa oks
iRFkjckth okys dk.M dk Hkh vlj gqvk gks ftlds pyrs oks 'kknh dh tYnh epk;s gksaA
esjh 'kknh ds lkFk esjh cgu dh 'kknh Hkh gksuh FkhA lxkbZ pksºVu xk¡o ds ,d ifjokj esa gqbZ FkhA
bu lc ckrksa ds chp esjk fnekx i<kbZ ds ihNs Hkkx jgk FkkA geus fo|k vkaVh ls cgqr ftn dhA
bruh ftn fd mUgsa ekuuk gh iM+kA mUgksaus t;iqj esa Hkokuh fudsru d‚yst dh fçafliy ls
ckr djus dks dgkA ;g gekjs fy, jkgr dh lkal FkhA gekjk d‚yst esa ,Mfe'ku gks x;kA vc
vxyh pqukSrh Fkh ?kjA geus fçafliy eSMe dks lkjs gkykr crk;s vkSj dgk fd ge lIrkg esa
,d fnu d‚yst vk;k djsaxs vkSj lkjs uksV~l ys tk;k djsaxsA b/kj ek¡ dks euk;k fd dqN Hkh gks
tk, oks firkth dks d‚yst ds ckjs esa dqN u crk,aA
firkth dks d‚yst ds ckjs esa irk rks Fkk ugha] ,d fnu oks I;kj esa Hkjdj cksys] ^jhrk fcfV;k]
rqEgsa vkxs i<+us dk eu Fkk u] rqe ,slk djks çkbosV Q‚eZ Hkj yksA* ml le; QkeZ fudys gq, FksA
oks ;s dgrs gq, [kq'k Fks fd cPph [kq'k gks tk,xhA mUgsa D;k irk fd cPph rks d‚yst esa ,Mfe'ku
fy, cSBh gSA eSa firkth dh ckr ij pqi jghA tc eSa pqi jgh rks oks pkSads] ^cksys mrj x;k i<+us
dk Hkwr\ igys rks i<+kbZ ds ihNs
tku nsrh FkhA* muds ,slk dgus
esa dqN ifjgkl Hkh FkkA rc eSaus
firkth dks lp crk fn;k fd ge
jsxqyj d‚yst tk jgs gSa vkSj
i<+kbZ tkjh gSA vc firkth ds
lnes esa vkus dh ckjh Fkh] gkyk¡fd
oks pqi jgsA
lsds.M b;j esa esjh 'kknh dk jkx
QSy x;k vkSj esjk 'kknh u djus
dk D;ksafd eq>s rks i<+uk FkkA
i<us dh yxu ns[kdj esjs ekek th us ikik ls dgk] vki bu cfPp;ksa dh lxkbZ rksM+ nks vkSj
bUgsa i<+us nksA 'kknh&oknh dh Vsa'ku u yks eSa ns[k yw¡xk ysfdu ikik dgk¡ ekuus okys FksA
ikik dh ftn ds vkxs eSa vkf[kj gkj x;hA ysfdu eSaus ;g t:j fd;k fd ikik ls dgk esjh
'kknh rks Bhd gS NksVh cgu tks vHkh 17 lky dh gS mldh 'kknh er djksA ikik pkgrs Fks ,d
lkFk 'kknh gks rks [kpZ cpsA eSaus mUgsa cksyk vxj vkius NksVh cgu dh 'kknh dh rks eSa iqfyl esa
fjiksVZ d:axh D;ksafd NksVh cgu ukckfyx gSA gkyk¡fd ;g /kedh pyh ugha vkSj ge nksuksa cguksa
dh 'kknh gks x;hA
vc ,d rjQ 'kknh Fkh vkSj nwljh rjQ lsds.M bZ;j dh ijh{kkA ftl fnu esjh 'kknh Fkh] 26
vçSy dks] mlh fnu igyk isij Fkk lsdsaM bZ;j dkA esjs eu esa nqfo/kkvksa dk rwQku mB jgk FkkA
D;k gksxk esjk Hkfo";] esjh cgusa vkxs dSls i<+saxhA cgjgky] eSa b/kj ls isij nsus tk jgh Fkh lkeus
ls ckjkr dh xkfM+;k¡ vk jgh FkhaA esjk eu ,dne mpkV FkkA dystk /kqdqj /kqdqj dj jgk FkkA
pkpk lkFk Fks tks isij fnykus ys x, Fks oks Hkh lcls NqidjA
tSls&rSls isij fn;k] ykSVdj 'kknh dh vkSj llqjky jokuk gqbZA nks fnu ckn esjk vFkZ'kkL= dk
isij Fkk blfy, okil ek;ds ykSVuk t:jh Fkk ysfdu bruh tYnh okil Hkstus dks llqjky
okys jkth ugha FksA ,d rks u;k ?kj] vutkus yksx] eu esa v'kkafr] ?kj ls NwVus dk nq%[k] eSa bruk
jksbZ bruk jksbZ fd vkt Hkh lkspdj fgy tkrh gw¡A vkf[kj esjs jksus ls llqjky okys fi?kys vkSj
mUgksaus pkpk ds lkFk okil ek;ds Hkst fn;kA mu cspkjksa dks vkt rd ugha irk fd og lkjk
jksuk ek;ds dh ;kn dk ugha isij nsus ds fy, FkkA
[kSj] vc vkxs dh yM+kbZ FkhA vkxs dh i<+kbZ ds ckjs esa rks lkspuk Hkh xqukg FkkA llqjky okys
vkxs i<+kus dks dgk¡ ekuus okys FksA i<+kbZ ds pDdj esa fdruh ckj ek;ds tkrh eSaA ,d fnu eSaus
vius ifr ls dgk] ^vxj vki gesa i<+us nksxs rks eSa ek;ds ugha tkÅaxh vkSj vxj i<+us ugha nksxs
rks eSa jgwaxh Hkys gh bl ?kj esa ysfdu vkils dksbZ fj'rk ugha j[kwaxhA* tSls rSls esjs ifr ekusA
blds ckn eSaus vius la;qä ifjokj dh ftEesnkjh cguksa dh i<+kbZ dh ftEesnkjh vkSj i<+kbZ lc
laHkkyhA ch, fd;k] ,e, fd;k] ch,M fd;k vkSj çkFkfed fo|ky; HkkfV;ksa dh <k.kh esa crkSj
f'kf{kdk dke djuk 'kq: fd;kA
2001 ls] eSa jktdh; çkFkfed fo|ky; HkkfV;ksa dh <k.kh esa crkSj f'kf{kdk gw¡A eSa ;gk¡ bl Ldwy
dh igyh f'kf{kdk gw¡ vkSj rcls eSa ;gha gw¡] blh Ldwy esaA tc eSaus ;gk¡ TokWbu fd;k Fkk rc ;gk¡
dksbZ fcfYMax ugha FkhaA eSaus lcls igys ,d dke fd;k fd ?kj&?kj tkdj yksxksa ls esy&tksy
c<+k;kA blds pyrs yksxksa us cPpksa dks Ldwy Hkstuk 'kq: fd;kA xk¡o ds yksxksa dk eq> ij Hkjkslk
te x;k Fkk igys lky dk ukekadu 33 cPpksa dk FkkA Ldwy ds fy, flQZ ukekadu gksuk rks
dkQh gksrk ughaA gekjs ikl rks fcfYMax Hkh ugha Fkh vkSj eSa Fkh ,dy f'k{kdA xk¡o ds yksxksa us gh
esjh eqf'dysa vklku dhaA xk¡o esa ,d vksrkjk gksrk gS tgk¡ HkkfV;ksa ds esgeku #dk djrs gSaA tc
esgeku ugha gksrs Fks rc og vksrkjk gesa Ldwy ds fy, fey tkrk FkkA ysfdu tc esgeku vkrs rks
gekjk Ldwy isM+ ds uhps yxk djrk FkkA eSaus ns[kk cPpksa dks i<+us esa etk vk jgk gSA xk¡ookyksa ds
Hkjksls vkSj cPpksa dh yxu us eq>s cgqr gkSlyk fn;kA
f'kf{kdk ds rkSj ij Ldwy vkus okyh cfPp;ksa ds la?k"kZ dks [kwc vPNh rjg ls le> ikrh gw¡A eq>s
vius Ldwy dh cfPp;ksa dks ns[kdj ogh ftEesnkjh eglwl gqbZ ftls eSaus X;kjgoha dh ijh{kk nsrs
le; eglwl fd;k Fkk fd ;g flQZ ,d O;fä dh ugha lHkh yM+fd;ksa dh yM+kbZ gSA gj fdlh
dks [kkldj cfPp;ksa dks i<+us ds leku volj feyus gh pkfg,A fdruh xehZ esa jsfxLrku ds
cM+s&cM+s eSnku iSny] dHkh&dHkh fcuk pIiy ds ikjdj tks yM+fd;k¡ i<+us vkrh gSa] muesa eSa [kqn
dks ns[k ikrh gw¡A dksf'k'k djrh gw¡ bu yM+fd;ksa dk i<+uk #ds ughaA oks vkxs Hkh i<+sa vkSj vius
liuksa dks lkdkj dj ldsaA
f'k{kk cgqr egRoiw.kZ gS ysfdu vHkh Hkh ;g gj fdlh dks mruh vklkuh ls eqgS¸;k ugha gS ftruh
vkadM+ksa esa utj vkrh gSA viuh ethZ ls vkxs i<+us] viuh ethZ ds fo"k; ysus tSlh NksVh fn[kus
okyh ckrsa vkt Hkh cM+h pqukSrh gSaA jhrk ekgs'ojh us fodV fgEer vkSj esgur ls viuk lQj r;
fd;k gS vkSj u;h ih<+h dk gkSlyk cudj [kM+h gSaA tks Ldwy vk x;k mls rks oks eu ls i<+krh gh
gSa tks Ldwy ugha vk;k mls ysus mlds ?kj rd tk igq¡prh gSaA 7 lky rd eSa ;gk¡ flaxy Vhpj
jghA tkus dSls dSls nkSj vk;s x;s ysfdu Ldwy pyrk jgkA xk¡ookys eq>s viuh csVh dh rjg
ekurs gSaA tc Hkh eSa fdlh vfHkHkkod ls feyrh gw¡ oks esjs lj ij gkFk j[kdj [kwc vk'khokZn nsrs
gSaA tc eSa Ldwy esa yM+fd;ksa dks i<+rs ns[krh gw¡ rks yxrk gS [kqn dks gh ns[k jgh gw¡A*
¼jhrk ekgs”ojh dh izfrHkk dfV;kj ls gqbZ ckrphr ij vk/kkfjr½






  
  
  

      

jktdh; çkFkfed fo|ky;
dSyk”kiqjk Cy‚d VksMkjk; flag esa
gS] Cy‚d ls bl fo|ky; dh nwjh
20 fdyksehVj gSA ;g eq[;
lM+d ls nks fdyksehVj nwj dPps
jkLrs ij gSA tkus ds fy, vius
lk/ku ds }kjk gh tk;k tk ldrk
gSA bl fo|ky; dh LFkkiuk
2013 esa gqbZ FkhA fo|ky; esa dqy 62 cPpksa dk ukekadu gSA f'k{kdksa ds ç;kl ls ;gk¡ ls ,d Hkh
cPpk xk¡o ds ckgj fdlh futh fo|ky; esa i<+us ugha tkrk gSA çkFkfed Lrj dh f'k{kk ds ckn
gh cPps vU; fo|ky;ksa esa i<+kbZ ds fy, tkrs gSaA ;gk¡ [kkjksy tkfr ds yksx jgrs gSaA xk¡o ds
yksx vf/kdrj [ksrh vkSj i'kqikyu ds O;olk; ls tqM+s gSaA bl fo|ky; Hkou es rhu dejs o
,d jlksbZ ?kj gS ftues ls ,d dejs esa Dykl 4 o 5 o nwljs dejs esa Dykl 1] 2 o 3 ,d lkFk
cSBrh gS vkSj ,d :e LVkWQ :e ds :i esa mi;ksx eas fy;k tkrk gSA fo|ky; ds pkjksa vksj pkj
nhokjh gSA ikuh ihus ds fy, gsaMiai gSA ckydksa o ckfydkvksa ds fy, vyx&vyx 'kkSpky; gaSA
ftudh lkQ lQkbZ f'k{kd o cPps feydj djrs gSaA bl fo|ky; esa vHkh js[kk th ds lkFk esa
,d lkFkh f'k{kd gsejkt dk;Z dj jgs gSaA

;g dsl LVMh xzkeh.k {ks= ls tqM+h gqbZ f'kf{kdk] js[kk 'kekZ ds dk;ksaZ ij vk/kkfjr gSA tks fd vius
Li"Voknh utfj;s] vkSj cPpksa ds lkFk f'k{k.k dk;Z ds fy, tkuh tkrh gSaA f'kf{kdk js[kk th us
vius dk;Z dh 'kq#vkr iSjk Vhpj ds :i esa 2001 eas jktdh; çkFkfed fo|ky; gehjiqj ls dh
Fkh vkSj LFkk;h fu;qfä 2008 esa gqbZ FkhA mudk fiNys 17 o"kksZa dk f'k{k.k dk;Z dk yEck vuqHko
jgk gSA bl fo|ky; esa os 2016 ls fu;qä gqbZ gSaA blls igys nks fo|ky;ksa eas dk;Z dj pqdh gSaA
fiNys le; esa cPpksa ds lkFk lh[kus&fl[kkus ls mudk xgjk yxko jgk gSA lkFk gh vius
vuqHkoksa dks f'k{kd lkfFk;ksa ds lkFk lk>k djus vkSj fofHkUu eqíksa ij laokn djus esa mudh #fp
jgh gSA cPpksa ds lkFk budk lgt lEcU/k gS vkSj [kqydj cPps buds lkFk i<+rs&fy[krs gSaA
mudh lg;ksx djus dh ço`fÙk gSA buds blh O;ogkj vkSj f'k{kd leqnk; ds lkFk csgrj laca/k
ds dkj.k os fo|ky; esa cPpkas ds lh[kus dks vkSj vkuUnnk;h Lo#i çnku djrh gSaA fo|ky; eas
gj le; dqN u dqN u;k djus dks rRij jgrh gSaA buds dk;Z djus eas ,d lcls vPNh ckr ;s
gS fd cPpksa ds chp cSB dj gh dk;Z djrh gSaA ftl Hkh fo|ky; esa os jgh gSa cM+h esgur o yxu

ds lkFk dk;Z fd;k gSA js[kk th
dks isM+&ikS/ks yxkus eas #fp gS bl
o"kZ mUgkasus 62 isM+ ikS/ks yxk, gaSA

js[kk th vt+he izseth QkmaMs'ku
eas vk;ksftr dk;Z'kkykvksa o
dk;ZØeksa es le;≤ ij
Hkkxhnkjh djrh jgh gSaA buds
}kjk cPpksa dks xhr&dfork&
dgkuh vkfn dks lquus o lqukus ds
volj çnku fd;s tkrs gSaA Dykl
esa cPpksa dks Lora= :i ls fopkj j[kus o lh[kus dk okrkoj.k cuk;s j[krh gaSA ftl Hkh fo|ky;
dks ns[kus tkrh gaS ;k f'k{kd ls feyrh gaS ;k QkmaMs'ku ds }kjk vk;ksftr dk;Z'kkyk eas lh[ks x,
dk;Z dks Dykl :e eas ykxw djrh gSaA lkFk gh cPpksa ds }kjk fd, x, dk;Z dks Dykl :e es
çnf'kZr djrh gSaA eSaus budh Dykl :e esa Hkk"kk ij dk;Z djrs gq, voyksdu fd;kA ;g NksVh
Dykl ds lHkh cPpksa ds chp eas cSBdj ek=k ds 'kCnksa dks iqLrd eas ls NaVokus dk dk;Z dj jgh
Fkha o Dykl nks dks CySd cksMZ ij 'kCn igsyh ij dk;Z djok jgh FkhaA Dykl vuq'kkflr FkhA
igys Dykl ,d dks dke djok;k o ckn esa nks ds fy;s CySd cksMZ ij 5 o.kZ o ,d ek=k ij dk;Z
fd;k x;kA tc rd Dykl rhu dks dgkuh dh iqLrdsa ns j[kh Fkh rks cPps Lora= :i ls dgkuh
i<+us o le>us dk dk;Z dj jgs FksA cPpksa ds Hkk"kk ds Lrj dh ckr djsa rks Dykl 1 esa nks ls rhu
cPps iqLrd i<+uk tkurs gSa o Dykl 2 ls 5 rd ds lHkh cPps iqLrd i<+uk tkurs gSaA
^^fo|ky; voyksdu ds nkSjku ns[kk x;k fd vkids }kjk ckydksa ds lkFk Hkk’kk f”k{k.k dk dk;Z
cgqr ljy ,oa vkuUnnk;h rjhds ls fd;k tk jgk gSA ns[kdj cgqr vPNk yxk fd lHkh cPps
Hkk’kk cksyus&i<+us esa lgtrk dk vuqHko dj jgs gSaA vkidk dk;Z ljkguh; ,oa iz'kaluh; gSA
ge vki ls vk”kk djrs gSa fd vki blh izdkj ls vius f”k{k.k dks lgt ,oa vkuUnnk;h cuk;s
j[ksaxhaA**
& ftrsUnz dqekj tSu] iz/kkukpk;Z@ihbZbZvks] jk-m-ek-fo- gehjiqj
¼js[kk 'kekZ dh iq"ik 'kekZ ls gqbZ ckrphr ij vk/kkfjr½







  
  
  
  

dfBu ifjJe gsrq Hkkjrh; f'k{kk
ijaijk esa vDlj Nk=ksa dks f'k{kd
}kjk dgk tkrk gS fd dk;Z djus
ls lQy gksaxs eu dh bPNk ls
ughaA Bhd blh fl)kUr dk
vuqlj.k djrs gq, ,d f'kf{kdk
us oks dj fn[kk;k tks lk/kkj.kr%
fdlh dks Hkh gSjr esa Mky nsA ;g
dgkuh jktLFkku ds vkfFkZd :i
ls fiNM+s ijarq çk—frd laink ls
lEiUu ckalokM+k dh gS] tgk¡ ds
,d xk¡o ds ¼vkfnoklh cLrh½ Ldwy esa vatyh th fiNys dqN lkyksa ls v/;kiu dk;Z dj jgh
gSaA oks fdlh lkekU; f'k{kd tSlh gh gSa] ij mudh gjne dqN u;k djus dh bPNk vkSj
jpukRedrk mUgsa nwljksa ls vyx cukrh gSA Ldwy f'k{k.k ds nkSjku tgka T;knkrj f'k{kdksa dk
;g vVwV fo'okl curk pyk tkrk gS fd cPpksa dks dsoy o.kZ i)fr ls gh i<+k;k tk ldrk gS]
ogha bUgksaus Ldwy esa uokpkjksa ds lkFk cPpksa dk lokaZxh.k fodkl dk;Z djus dk fo'okl fn[kk;k
gSA mudk ekuuk gS fd cPps Ldwy esa dsoy fgUnh] xf.kr ;k bafXy'k lh[kus ugha vkrs gSa] cfYd
thou dks lgt o ljy cukus ds rjhdksa dks lh[kus vkrs gSaA bl lh[kus dh çfØ;k dks Ldwy esa
i<+k, tkus okys vU; fo"k; le`) cukrs gSaA blfy, oks cPpksa ds lkFk fp=] u`R;] ukVd vkfn
fo/kkvksa ij dk;Z djus ds lkFk&lkFk vaxzsth Hkk"kk dk f'k{k.k dk;Z dj jgh gSaA muds fy, ;g
lc dqN bruk vklku dHkh u FkkA
oks crkrh gSa fd fu;qfä ds lkFk gh mudk ;g iwokZxzg etcwr gksus yxk Fkk fd Ldwy vkus okys
vkfnoklh cPpksa ds ?kj ij i<+us&fy[kus dk dksbZ ekgkSy u gksus ls budk i<+uk cgqr eqf'dy
gSA bl lksp ds ihNs dk dkj.k ;g jgk fd 'kq#vkrh fnuksa esa cPpksa dh fLFkfr ,slh Fkh fd cPps
fgUnh esa dqN cksyrs gh ugha FksA muls mudh cksyh ôkxM+h* esa gh ckr djuh iM+rh FkhA buds
lkFk dk;Z djus esa lj nnZ gks tkrk FkkA ij /khjs&/khjs cPpksa ds lkFk fd, tk jgs dk;ksaZ dk vlj
fn[kus yxkA cPps esjh ckr lquus yxs] esjs fn, gq, dk;ksaZ dks djus yxsA gkykafd cPps lj nnZ
rks vc Hkh djrs gSa] ij vius lokyksa ls djrs gSaA vc oks Ldwy esa *okxM+h* ds lkFk&lkFk fgUnh
dk Hkjiwj ç;ksx djrs gSaA
blesa dksbZ nks jk; ugha fd cPpksa ds lkFk f'k{k.k dk;Z vius vki esa pqukSfr;ksa ls Hkjk gksrk gSA
mlesa Hkh ,sls cPpksa ds lkFk dk;Z djuk tks u rks Bhd ls vkidh Hkk"kk gh le> ikrs gSa vkSj
muds rjhds vkSj vknrsa vki ls vyx gksa rks okLro esa muds lkFk dke djuk eqf'dy gksrk gSA
vatyh th crkrh gSa fd tc igyh ckj mudh fu;qfä vkfnoklh cLrh Ldwy esa gqbZ rks oks ;g

ns[k ds i'kksis'k esa Fkha fd cPpksa ds lkFk f'k{k.k dk;Z dSls djsa D;ksafd cPps fgUnh fcydqy Hkh
ugha le>rs FksA vaxzsth dh f'kf{kdk gksus ds dkj.k mUgsa ;g cgqr cM+h pqukSrh yxhA vatyh th
bl ckr dks Hkh Lohdkj djrh gSa fd fu;qfä ds dqN lkyksa rd mudk ;g fo'okl Fkk fd vxj
cPpksa dks fgUnh ugha vkrh rks bafXy'k dSls lh[ksaxs\
'kq#vkr ds dqN fnu rks cM+h gh eqf'dyksa ls xqtjs] cPps vkil esa [kwc >xM+k fd;k djrs FksA
,d&nwljs dks xkfy;ka fn;k djrs FksA gn rks rc gks tkrh Fkh tc cPps yap esa Hkh gekjs ikl
vkdj mu xkfy;ksa dks iqu% nksgjkrs tks mUgsa nh xbZ Fkha] oks lc lquus esa cgqr cqjh yxrh FkhaA oks
fcuk ugk, Ldwy vkrs Fks] muds diM+s Hkh cgqr xans gqvk djrs Fks] uk[kwu eSy ls Hkjs feyrsA
'kq#vkr dk lkjk le; mUgsa ôkxM+h* ls fgUnh i<+kus esa xqtjk rkfd oks fgUnh le> ldsaA ;g
esjs fy, cgqr vthc fLFkfr Fkh fd eq>s cPpksa ds lkFk dk;Z vaxzsth esa djuk Fkk vkSj cPps ôkxM+h*
esa cksyrs&le>rs FksA ;g Li"V gS fd Hkk"kk lh[kus ds fy, ekgkSy dh vko';drk gksrh gS ij
leL;k ;g Fkh fd cPpksa dks oks ekgkSy feys rks feys dSls\ oks Ldwy esa 5 ?kaVs gh jgrs gSa] tgk¡
mUgsa flQZ fgUnh dk ekgkSy feyrk gS] ij viuk T;knkrj le; oks vius ?kj ij gh fcrkrs gSa]
tgk¡ oks flQZ ôkxM+h* esa gh ckr djrs gSaA ftl dkj.k mUgsa fgUnh vkSj vaxzsth dk dksbZ ekgkSy
ugha fey ikrk gSA bl otg ls fgUnh esa cksyh phtsa mUgsa le> ugha vkrh] fQj muds lkFk
vaxzsth esa dSls dk;Z fd;k tk,\ bu fparkvksa ds vfrfjä ,d fpark ;g Hkh Fkh fd cPpksa dk
flyscl iwjk dSls gks\
cgjgky cPpksa ds lkFk dke rks 'kq: dj gh fn;k Fkk fQj pqukSfr;ksa ls D;k ?kcjkuk\ eSa cPpksa dks
e/;kà rd i<+krh vkSj tc oks lc [ksy dj okil vkrs Fks rks mUgsa uy ij ys tkdj muds gkFk
eqag /kqyokrh vkSj fQj lcds uk[kwu dVokrhA ;g dk;Z muds lkFk dbZ fnuksa rd pykA blds
lkFk gh yM+fd;ksa dks esg¡nh dSls yxk,¡ ;g Hkh dk;Z djuk 'kq: fd;kA eSaus ik;k fd cPps [kqn ls
eqag /kksus yxs gSa vkSj gj lIrkg [kqn ls gh uk[kwu Hkh dkVus yxs gSaA /khjs&/khjs Nk=kvksa esa esganh
cukus ds çfr #fp Hkh iSnk gksus yxh gSA igys eSa muds fy, esganh ds dksu ysdj vk;k djrh Fkh]
vc oks ysdj vkus yxh gSa vkSj dSls cuk;sa ;g fl[kkus ds fy, dgus yxh gSaA ij ;g cl
'kq#vkr Hkj Fkh] cPpksa ds lkFk vkSj Hkh dk;Z fd;k tkuk ckdh FkkA cPps tc y?kq'kadk ds fy,
tk;k djrs Fks] rks fcuk iwNs gh xzqi cukdj fudy tkrs FksA vaxzsth ds fdlh Hkh rjg ds 'kCn ls
oks ifjfpr ugha Fks] ij cPpksa dks ;g vknr MyokbZ fd tc ge dejs ls ckgj tk,a rks iwN ds
tk,a tSls & es vkbZ xks Vw V‚;ysV \
bu cqfu;knh dk;ksaZ dks djrs gq, ns[kk fd cPps çkFkZuk Hkh Bhd ls ugha dj jgs gSaA cPps y; esa
çkFkZuk dSls xk,a ;g fl[kkus esa dkQh le; yxk ij oks FkksM+k&FkksM+k Bhd ls xkus yxsA muds
fy, çkFkZuk esa >ky vkSj <+ksy vkfn ykdj j[k fn;k x;k] ij cPps Fks fd mls Nwrs ugha FksA
mudh bl f>>d dks nwj djus ds fy, muds lkFk eSa çkFkZuk esa ctkus yxh] eq>s ns[k dj cPps
Hkh /khjs&/khjs ctkus yxsA bl çdkj cPpksa ds lkFk ;g cqfu;knh dk;Z djus ds lkFk] mudh

ekSf[kd Hkk"kk ij Hkh dk;Z Ldwy esa
'kq: gqvk vkSj ;g t:jh Hkh Fkk
D;ksafd cPps Ldwy esa i<+kus ds
nkS j ku cgq r de cks y rs
¼loky&tokc½ FksA ogha muls
ôkxM+h* esa dqN iwNk tk, rks
mldk tokc rks ns fn;k djrs Fks
ij fgUnh esa ckr djrs le; ,d
ne pqi gks tk;k djrs FksA cPpksa
ds lkFk ôkxM+h* Hkk"kk esa dk;Z
djrs gq, ge mUgsa fgUnh rd rks
ys vk, ij blesa gesa ,d lky dk le; yx x;kA
vatyh th ,d cPph dh ek¡ gksus ds lkFk&lkFk ?kj ifjokj dh ftEesnkfj;ksa dks fuHkkrs gq, Ldwy
dks viuk iwjk le; nsrh gSaA Ldwy esa vk;ksftr gksus okys lHkh rjg ds lkaL—frd dk;ZØeksa dh
rS;kjh cM+s eu ls djrh gSaA buds dksey LoHkko ds dkj.k cPps [kqn dks vatyh th ds cgqr
lehi ikrs gSaA Ldwy esa NksVs cPpksa ds lkFk dk;Z djuk vius vki esa cgqr dfBu gksrk gS] ij
vatyh th d{kk 1 vkSj 2 ds cPpksa ds lkFk dk;Z djus esa cgqr lgt utj vkrh gSaA bl o"kZ
¼2018&19½ cPpksa ds fd, dk;ksaZ dks leqnk; ds yksxksa ds chp fn[kk;k tkuk pkfg,] bldk
leFkZu u flQZ vatyh th us fd;k cfYd d{kk 5 ds cPpksa dh fonkbZ lekjksg dh Hkh mUgksaus
iSjoh dhA ;g vius& vki esa ,d u;k vkSj vyx rjg dk ç;kl FkkA ftlds fy, mUgksaus Ldwy
ds vU; f'k{kd lkfFk;ksa dks Hkh lg;ksx gsrq rS;kj fd;kA ;g vatyh th ds ç;klksa dk gh urhtk
gS fd Ldwy esa vyx&vyx ekSdksa ij lkaL—frd dk;ZØeksa dk vk;kstu laHko gks ikrk gSA ftUgsa
ns[kus ds fy, vc vfHkHkkodksa dh vPNh&[kklh la[;k Ldwy esa vkus yxh gSA dguk xyr u
gksxk fd Ldwy vkSj leqnk; ds chp vatyh th ds ç;kl fczt dk dke dj jgs gSaA
vatyh th dh ;g fo'ks"krk gh dgh tk ldrh gS fd oks cPpksa dks fl[kkus ds lkFk&lkFk Lo;a Hkh
dqN&u&dqN u;k lh[kus ds fy, mRlkfgr jgrh gSaA f'k{k.k dk;Z gsrq u, rjhdksa dks lh[kus ds
çfr oks bruh mRlqd jgrh gSa fd foxr xfeZ;ksa dh Nqfê;ksa esa muds Ldwy esa vk;ksftr f'kfoj esa
mUgkasus viuk T;knkrj le; Ldwy vkSj cPpksa dks fn;kA exj bruk lc dqN djus ds ckn Hkh
vatyh th ds lkeus ;g leL;k tl dh rl cuh gqbZ Fkh fd cPpksa dks bafXy'k dSls fl[kk;h
tk,A
vke cksypky esa ç;ksx gksus okys bafXy'k ds 'kCnksa dks ;k okD;ksa dks fl[kkus Hkj ls cPpksa dks lc
vk x;k] ;g rks ugha dgk tk ldrk gS] tc rd fd cPps fdrkc i<+us vkSj mlesa fy[ks dks Hkh
le>us u yxas] rc rd dqN Hkh ugha dgk tk ldrk gSA blh Ågkiksg esa vatyh th us vt+he

çseth QkmaMs'ku esa bafXy'k Hkk"kk
esa dk;Z dj jgh lnL;k dh
lgk;rk ls ,oa QkmaMs'ku esa
bafXy'k Vhe }kjk vk;ksftr dh
tk jgh bZihlh&1 ¼bafXy'k
çksfQfl;Ulh dkslZ ysosy & 1½ ds
ek/;e ls vius cPpksa dks bafXy'k
fl[kkus ds rjhds <wa< fudkysA
mUgkasus vius cPpksa dks fl[kkus ds
fy,] gj d{kk eas bafXy'k Hkk"kk ds
f'k{k.k gsrq lgk;d lkexzh fufeZr
dhA vkt cPps buds }kjk cukbZ xbZ f'k{k.k lkexzh ls mudh mifLFkfr ,oa vuqifLFkfr esa Hkh
i<+rs gSa ,oa jkst FkksM+k u;k] dqN u;k lh[kus dh fn'kk esa vkxs c<+rs gSaA muds dke dk vlj
mudh d{kk rd gh lhfer ugha jgk cfYd vt+he çseth QkmaMs'ku }kjk vk;ksftr fd, x,
xf.kr dkUÝsal esa vius d{kk&vuqHko dks dsaæ esa j[k ds mUgksaus viuk ipkZ i<+k] ftlesa mUgkasus
crk;k fd mUgkasus cPpksa dks xf.kr i<+kus ds fy, cgqr ljy vo/kkj.kkvksa dks fy;k gSA ftlesa oks
xf.kr dh 'kq#vkrh vo/kkj.kkvksa tSls NksVk&cM+k] vanj ckgj] Åij&uhps dks cPpksa ds chp j[k
ds ml ij ckr djrh gSaA viuh ppkZ dks foLrkj nsrs gq, os cPpksa dks d{kk Ldwy o xk¡o esa ,slh
vo/kkj.kkvksa dks ewrZ :i esa] ifjos'k esa <w¡<us dk dk;Z nsrh gSa rkfd cPps jVas ugha cfYd le>
cuk,aA
¼vatyh xxZ dh jk; cgknqj flag ls gqbZ ckrphr ij vk/kkfjr½







  
  
  

lkekftd cnyko dks xfr'khy cukus esa lcls vge jksy ,d fo|ky; dk gksrk gS tks lekt
vkSj f'k{kk dks ,d lkFk tksM+rk gSA oSls rks ,d lekt ;k ,d laL—fr ds fodkl vkSj lao/kZu esa
fo|ky; dh egrh Hkwfedk gksrh gS fQj Hkh lkis{k rkSj ij ,d fo|ky;] cPpksa ds lekthdj.k esa
egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkrk gS tgk¡ cPps u flQZ Hkk"kk] xf.kr vkSj foKku tSls fo"k; lh[krs gSa
cfYd mlds lkFk&lkFk ftUnxh thus ds gquj vkSj O;kogkfjdrk dks Hkh vkRelkr djrs gSaA oSls
rks f'k{kk vkSj lekt ges'kk ls ,d nwljs ij fuHkZj jgs ysfdu le; ds lkFk&lkFk buds chp
rkyesy esa vusd ifjorZu vk;sA f'k{kk us tgk¡ O;olk;hdj.k dk :i fy;k ogha lekt us vPNh
f'k{kk ds fy, u, ekud r; fd;s vkSj lekt dk ,d cM+k fgLlk lkoZtfud f'k{kk ç.kkyh dks
iqjkuk vkSj vi;kZIr le>us yxkA ysfdu vkt ftl lkoZtfud f'k{kk ç.kkyh ds ckjs esa lekt
vusdkusd Hkzkafr;ksa ls xzflr gSa] mlh f'k{kk ç.kkyh esa cgqr lkjs ,sls fo|ky; Hkh gSa tks fd viuh
vyx Nfo ds fy, tkus tkrs gSa vkSj ;s lc laHko gS f'k{kd@f'kf{kdkvksa dh vyx rjg dh lksp
ds dkj.kA ,slk gh ,d fo|ky; gS] #æç;kx tuin eq[;ky; ds yxHkx 50 fdeh nwj] t[kksyh
fodkl[k.M dk] jktdh; çkFkfed fo|ky;] lkSajk[kky ftlesa nks f'k{kd@f'kf{kdk gSa] muesa ls
,d uke gS Jherh js[kk iqjksfgr] ftUgksaus vius ?kj ls nwj leqnk; ds chp esa jgdj viuh xgjh
iSB cuk;h gSA çkFkfed fo|ky; lkSajk[kky ds ifjlj esa ços'k djrs gh vkidk /;ku Ldwy esa
cPpksa }kjk dh tk jgh fofHkUu xfrfof/k;ksa ij pyk tkrk gS ftlesa cPps vius NksVs&NksVs lewg
esa feêh ls fofHkUu vk—fr;k¡ cukus] fp=dkjh djus] Øk¶V dk dk;Z djus] vDlj vkl&ikl ds
isM+&ikS/kksa dk voyksdu djus] iRFkjksa ds lkFk [ksyus o lewg esa ,d nwljs ds lkFk i<+us esa O;Lr
fn[kkbZ nsrs gSaA vyx&vyx lewg esa cPpksa ds lkFk js[kk th dk xgurk ds lkFk dke djuk bl
ckr dks bafxr djrk gS fd mudk cPpksa ds lkFk fdl rjg dk fj'rk gSA
fo|ky; esa lcls [kkl ckr tks gesa ns[kus dks feyrh gS vkSj oks gS lh[kus&fl[kkus dh çfØ;k ds
nkSjku eS=hiw.kZ okrkoj.kA f'k{kdksa dk cPpksa ds çfr Lusg vkSj çR;sd cPps ds Lrj dks le>uk
vkSj cPpksa ds Lrjkuqlkj viuh ikB ;kstuk cukukA bl ckr dk xgjk ladsr gSA bl çdkj
f'k{k.k dks #fpiw.kZ cukus ds fy, f'k{kdksa }kjk fofHkUu çdkj dh lg&'kS{kf.kd xfrfof/k;k¡
vk;ksftr dh tkrh gSa rFkk cPpksa ds Kku dks d{kk dh pkjnhokjh ds vUnj lhfer u j[kdj
mUgsa fofHkUu çdkj dh cká xfrfof/k;ksa ls Hkh tksM+k tkrk gSA ,d vkSj ckr vkidk /;ku
vkdf"kZr djrh gS] blds iqLrdky; dh tks cPpksa dh yEckbZ ds vuq:i gS vkSj fdrkcksa dk
iqjkuk lk fn[kuk] QVk gksuk bl ckr dk çek.k gS fd budk bLrseky dSls fd;k x;k gksxkA
geus vfHkoknu ds lkFk Jherh js[kk iqjksfgr ls muds fo|ky; ds ckjs esa tkuus vkSj ckrphr
djus dh bPNk tkfgj dhA Jherh js[kk iqjksfgr ls ckrphr ds va'k bl ys[k esa 'kkfey gSaA
f'kf{kdk ls ckrphr ds nkSjku irk pyk fd 2012 esa mudh fu;qfä ls igys ;g ,d ,dy
fo|ky; Fkk muds vkus ds ckn nksuksa f'k{kdksa us feydj fo|ky; esa dbZ ifjorZu vkSj uokpkj
fd;s ftlesa çkFkZuk lHkk esa oanuk] lewgxku] çfrKk vkSj jk"Vªxku ds lkFk&lkFk lkekU; Kku]

lekpkj] vkt dk fopkj] dgkuh
vkSj dfork lquuk&lqukuk tSlh
vusd xfrfof/k;k¡ 'kkfey dh x;ha
vkSj LoPNrk ij fo'ks"k /;ku
fn;k x;kA Ldwy esa LoPNrk dks
ysdj iqjksfgr eSe us gesa crk;k
Þtc eSaus ;g Ldwy TokWbu fd;k
rks ns[kk cPps lkQ&lQkbZ ls
Ldwy ugha vk jgs gSa rks eSaus cPpksa
ds vUnj LoPNrk ykus dks ysdj
ç;kl 'kq# fd;sA /khjs&/khjs gekjk ç;kl lQy gqvk vkSj LoPNrk dh çfØ;k cPpksa ds vUnj
O;kogkfjdrk esa fn[kus yxhA ;gk¡ LoPNrk dk fo'ks"k /;ku fn;k tkrk gS vkSj çkFkZuk lHkk ds
nkSjku gh cPpksa dh lkQ&lQkbZ dk fujh{k.k fd;k tkrk gS vkSj vxj dksbZ cPpk lQkbZ ds lkFk
Ldwy ugha vkrk rks bldks ysdj vfHkHkkodksa dks Hkh lwfpr fd;k tkrk gSAß
vkxs geus js[kk th ls mudh f'k{kk vkSj fo'ks"kdj çkjafHkd f'k{kk ds ckjs esa tkuuk pkgkA vius
cpiu dks ;kn djrs gq, mUgksaus crk;k Þrc xk¡o dk okrkoj.k fcydqy vyx Fkk vkSj yM+fd;ksa
dks i<+kbZ ds fy, ckgj NksM+us dk pyu ugha FkkA xk¡o ds jgu&lgu vkSj lekt esa yM+fd;ksa
dh i<+kbZ&fy[kkbZ dks cgqr de egRo fn;k tkrk FkkA esjk ifjokj Hkh bruk laiUu ugha Fkk exj
i<+kbZ dk 'kkSd vkSj i<+kbZ dks ysdj esjh ftíh gksus dh otg ls ?kjokyksa us eq>s gkbZLdwy esa tkus
ds fy, gkeh Hkj nhA xk¡o dh eSa igyh yM+dh Fkh ftlus gkbZLdwy esa nkf[kyk fy;k FkkA dkQh
la?k"kZ ds lkFk eSaus viuk nloha ikl fd;kA i<+kbZ djuk esjs fy, ,d tquwu Fkk rkfd esjk lekt
eq>s vkxs pydj vui<+ u dgsA ,d ,slk le; Hkh vk;k tc nloha ds ckn esjk vkxs i<+us dk
jkLrk can gks x;k D;ksafd esjk ifjokj vEckyk ¼gfj;k.kk½ iyk;u dj x;kA exj eSaus viuh
mEehn ugha NksM+h vkSj jk"Vªh; eqä fo'ofo|ky; fnYyh ls baVjehfM,V ikl fd;kA 'kknh ds
ckn eq>s llqjky dh rjQ ls iwjk lg;ksx feyk vkSj esjh vkxs i<+us dh #fp dks ns[krs gq, esjs
llqj th us eq>s vkxs i<+us ds fy, gka dg fn;kA blds ckn eSaus x<+oky ;wfuoflZVh ls xzstq,'ku
fd;kA
f”k{kd cuus dh viuh ;k=k ds ckjs esa mUgksaus crk;k fd eq>s 'kq: ls gh i<+us dk 'kkSd FkkA
cpiu esa cgqr lkjh dfBukbZ;ksa ds ckctwn] viuh çcy bPNk'kfä ls eSaus baVjehfM,V rd dh
f'k{kk iwjh dh FkhA cpiu esa dHkh lkspk ugha Fkk fd Vhpj cuw¡xh] exj 'kknh ds ckn HkkX; us esjk
lkFk fn;k vkSj eSaus viuh cph gqbZ i<kbZ iwjh dhA xzstq,'ku djus ds ckn eSaus viuk ch-,M- iwjk
dj fy;kA eSa vius ?kj esa vius cPpksa dks [kqn gh i<+krh Fkh fQj esjs ifr dh çsj.kk ls eq>s bl
is'ks esa vkus dh bPNk gqbZA 2008&2012 rd eSa ,d futh fo|ky; esa f'kf{kdk FkhA 2012 esa esjh

igyh fu;qfä blh fo|ky; esa gqbZ rc ls eSa ;gha dk;Zjr gwwaA
esjs vuqlkj f'k{k.k ,d is'kk gh ugha cfYd ,d lkekftd ftEesnkjh Hkh gS D;ksafd blds lkFk
lekt vkSj lekt dk Hkfo"; tqM+k gqvk gSA vkt Hkh ,d fo|ky; ls vkSj ,d f'k{kd ls çR;sd
O;fä vius cPpksa ds Hkfo"; dks ysdj mEehnsa j[krk gSA ,d vPNk f'k{kd gksus ds fy, cPpksa ds
lkFk cPps tSlk O;ogkj djuk vkSj muds Lrj ij tkdj mUgsa fl[kkuk t:jh gSA çkjafHkd
d{kkvksa esa cPpksa dks i<+kus ds fy, gj ,d cPps dks le>uk t#jh gS lkFk gh igys ge [kqn
lh[ksa fQj cPpksa dks fl[kk,aA esjk cpiu ,d xk¡o esa xqtjk gS exj eSaus bu cPpksa ds lkFk vius
cpiu dks fQj ls ftank fd;kA cgqr lkjh phtsa eSa [kqn cPpksa ls lh[krh jgrh gw¡A esjk ekuuk gS
fd gj ,d O;fä ds ikl Kku dk ,d HkaMkj gksrk gSA ge dHkh&dHkh cPpksa dks NksVk le>dj
mUgsa vuns[kk dj nsrs gSa ysfdu ;gk¡ cPpksa ls eq>s cgqr dqN lh[kus dks feyrk gSA gj cPpk
lh[k ldrk gSA dksbZ i<+kbZ esa csgrj gksrk gS] dksbZ dyk esa rks dksbZ O;kikj esa] exj ,d f'k{kd
gksus ds ukrs cPpksa dh #fp vkSj vfHkO;fä dks igpkuuk vkSj mlds lkFk&lkFk mUgsa çsfjr djuk
lcls vge ckr gSA
js[kk th dk ekuuk gS fd f'k{kk rks lgh ek;us esa og gS tks gesa thou thuk fl[kk;sA tks geus
lh[kk gS mldks ge vius O;ogkj esa yk ik;saA ukSdjh ikuk vPNh f'k{kk dk mís'; ugha gS cfYd
,d bUlku lh[kh gqbZ phtksa dks vius thou esa ç;ksx dj ik;s rc f'k{kk lQy gksxhA ;g t:jh
ugha gS fd gj cPpk mPp in ij vklhu gks cfYd og ,d vPNk ukxfjd cudj lekt fuekZ.k
esa Hkkxhnkj cus ;gh vPNh f'k{kk ls vk'k; gSA
vius fo|ky; dk mnkgj.k nsrs gq, js[kk th us gesa crk;k fd tc fdlh cPps ds ikl isafly ;k
jcj ugha gksrk gS rks nwljs cPps vius vki gh enn djrs gSaA enn dh ;g Hkkouk muesa vkilh
lg;ksx] lEeku] laosnu'khyrk vkSj ç;Ru dh Hkkouk dks lh[kus&fl[kkus dk fgLlk cukus esa
lg;ksx djrh gSA dHkh&dHkh tc cPps vkil esa yM+rs gSa rks os vkil esa gh ,d&nwljs ds >xM+ksa
dks lqy>krs gSaA vkil esa >xM+s lqy>kus dk ,d edln ;s Hkh gksrk gS fd os vkil esa dqN
rdZ&fordZ dj ik,a vkSj muesa rkfrZdrk dk fodkl gks ldsA fo|ky; esa Hkh cPpksa esa vuq'kklu
dks ysdj tc geus ckr dh] rks mUgksaus vius tokc esa dgk fd] Þlh[kus&fl[kkus dh çfØ;k esa
n.M vkSj Hk; dh dksbZ txg ugha gSA gekjs fo|ky; esa Nk= viuh ckr vkSj viuk dke fcuk
f>>d vkSj fuMj gksdj dgrs vkSj djrs gSaA xyfr;k¡ rks lh[kus dh çfØ;k dk fgLlk gksrh gSaA
vxj ge cPpksa }kjk dh x;h phtksa dks xyr Bgjk,axs rks blls mudh fØ,fVfoVh ej tk;sxh
vkSj muds eu esa Mj iSnk gks tk;sxkA cPpksa ds dkeksa dks çksRlkfgr djus ls mUgsa u;h pht djus
ds fy, eksfVos'ku feyrk gSA i<+kbZ ekj dj ;k fiVkbZ djds ugha dh tk ldrhA vxj cPpk
lh[k ugha ik jgk rks blesa f'k{kd dh deh ekuh tkuh pkfg,ßA blds vykok geus js[kk th ls
lekt ds dqN vU; eqíksa ij ckr dhA [kqn ds dke dks bZekunkjh vkSj vPNs ls djuk mudh cM+h

rkdr gSA mudk ekuuk gS fd
vkxs c<+us ds fy, vius vki ls
gh çfrLi/kkZ djksA nwljksa ds lkFk
[kqn dh çfrLi/kkZ djus ls ghurk
iSnk gksrh gSA
fo|ky; ds ç/kkuk/;kid lqtZu
yky th ls vkSj cPpksa ls ckrphr
djds fo|ky; esa fofHkUu
dk;Zdykiksa dks tkuk vkSj
le>kA fo|ky; esa cPps vkRefo'okl ls Hkjiwj gSaA viuh ckr dks csf>>d dguk ,oa fuladksp
eu ls vius f'k{kd ls ckr djuk] fofHkUu ç'u iwNuk gekjs voyksdu dk fgLlk jgkA gesa yxk
fd bl fo|ky; dk ,d etcwr i{k ;gk¡ ij 'kSf{kd ,oa vdknfed okrkoj.k dk fuekZ.k Hkh gSA
nksuksa f'k{kd feytqy dj 'kSf{kd ;kstuk ds lkFk dke djrs gSaA çR;sd cPps dh lh[kus dh xfr
vkSj Lrj ds vuqlkj ikB~; ;kstuk cukbZ tkrh gSA cPpksa dk lokaZxh.k fodkl fo|ky; dk /;s;
okD; gSA 'kSf{kd iaftdk ds vuqlkj vdknfed xfrfof/k ds lkFk&lkFk fofHkUu çdkj ds
lg&'kS{kf.kd fØ;kdykiksa ds ek/;e ls d{kk&f'k{k.k] cPpksa ds vUnj ,d fo'ks"k ÅtkZ iSnk
djrk gSA vyx&vyx dckM+ dh phtksa ls jLlh cukuk] isij Øk¶V] jaxksyh] jk[kh] xzhfVaXl
vkfn cukuk cPpksa dks l`tukRedrk vkSj lkSUn;Zcks/k dk ,glkl djkrk gSA bl çdkj dh
l`tukRed xfrfof/k;ksa dk mi;ksx djds dSls cPpksa dk vf/kxe Lrj c<k;k tk ldrk gS
bldk ,d csgrjhu mnkgj.k ;g fo|ky; is'k djrk gSA
,l-,e-lh- ds ,d lnL; t;saUæ flag usxh ftuds nksuksa cPps igys ikl ds gh ,d futh
fo|ky; esa i<+rs Fks vkSj ckn esa mUgksaus vius cPpksa dk ukekadu ljdkjh fo|ky; esa djk;k]
bldk dkj.k mUgksaus bl fo|ky; ds f'k{kdksa dh yxu vkSj esgur dks crk;kA t;saæ th us
crk;k fd fo|ky; dh Nqêh ds i'pkr iqjksfgr eSe dk cPpksa dks vfrfjä le; nsuk vkSj
uoksn; o lSfud Ldwy dh rS;kjh djokuk vkl&ikl ds leqnk; dk fo'okl thr x;k]
ftldk urhtk ;g gqvk fd dbZ cPps futh fo|ky; ls ljdkjh fo|ky; esa nkf[kyk ys ik,A
muds blh ç;kl ds ne ij fiNys lky muds fo|ky; ls 3 cPps uoksn; fo|ky; esa p;fur
gq,A bl nkSj esa Hkh tc vkt futh fo|ky; Qy&Qwy jgs gSa lkSjk[kky ds ikl dk ,d futh
fo|ky; gS tks fd deksos'k can gksus dh dxkj ij gS vkSj vius vfLrRo ds fy, la?k"kZ dj jgk gS
vkSj ogk¡ ls cPpksa dk jktdh; çkFkfed fo|ky; lkSjk[kky esa nkf[kyk ysuk bl ckr dk |ksrd
gS fd bl fo|ky; esa vkSj ogk¡ ds f'k{kd@f'kf{kdkvksa esa dqN rks vyx gSA
¼js[kk iqjksfgr dh uefnIr vkSj nhid jkor ls gqbZ ckrphr ij vk/kkfjr½






  
  
  
  

gekjs lekt esa lkekU;r% ekU;rk ;g gS fd
vdsyk O;fä fdlh Hkh rjg ds ifjorZu dks ;k
cnyko dks ykus esa dksbZ [kkl ;ksxnku ugha ns
ldrk gSA blfy, gekjs ;gk¡ ;g dgk Hkh tkrk gS
fd ^vdsyk puk HkkM+ ugha QksM+ ldrk* gS gkykafd
gekjs ikl ,sls mnkgj.kksa dh deh ugha gS ftUgksaus
vius dk;ksaZ ls tekus dks gSjr esa Mkyk gSA blh
ns'k esa ,d vdsys O;fä us igkM+ dkV dj yksxksa
ds fy, jkLrk Hkh cuk;k gSA ejus vkSj ekjus ds
fl)karksa ds lekukUrj vfgalk dks viuk gfFk;kj
cukus okys ckiw Hkh vdsys gh Fks] cgjgky ;g vkSj
ckr gS fd ml jkLrs dks cukus ds lQj esa cgqrsjksa
us mudk migkl cuk;k gksxkA Bhd blh rjg dh
,d ?kVuk jktLFkku ds lqnwj ckalokM+k ftys esa Hkh
ns[kus dks fey jgh gSA tgk¡ ,d vdsys f'k{kd us
mEehn dh ykS tykbZ gqbZ gSA fcuk ;g ijokg fd;s fd yksx D;k dgsaxs\
;g dgkuh gS esfn;k fMaMksj dh tks fd ckalokM+k ¼jktLFkku½ dk ,d xk¡o gSA ;g ftyk fiNM+k
,oa vkfnoklh ckgqY; bykdksa esa vkrk gSaA bl bykds esa f'k{kk dk [kklk vHkko utj vkrk gSA
xzkeh.kksa esa u'khys inkFkksaZ dk ;gk¡ lsou vke gSA ftl dkj.k xk¡o ds Ldwy ds f'k{kd muls nwj
jguk T;knk ilan djrs gSaA ;gh dkj.k gS fd ;gk¡ ds f'k{kdksa ,oa xzkeh.kksa esa laokn LFkkfir djus
dk Ldwy ,d csgrj lk/ku cu ugha ik;k vkSj f'k{kdksa }kjk ;g eku fy;k x;k gS fd ;gk¡ ds
yksxksa dk dqN gks gh ugha ldrk gSA Bhd blh rjg dh lksp j[kus okys ,d f'k{kd jgs gSa fot;
tSuA ftUgksaus u flQZ viuh lksp cnyh gS cfYd nwljksa dks Hkh cnyus dk dk;Z fd;k gSA fot;
th us u dsoy xzkeh.kksa dks Ldwy ls tksM+k gS cfYd LVkWQ vkSj xzkeh.kksa ds chp] Ldwy dks laokn
dk l'kä ek/;e Hkh cuk;k gSA fot; th crkrs gSa fd oks tc 2016 esa esfn;k fMaMksj esa vk, rks
Ldwy dh fLFkfr ns[k dj nax jg x,A ;g mUgsa Ldwy de lkoZtfud LFky T;knk tku iM+ jgk
FkkA Ldwy esa txg&txg ij xzkeh.kksa }kjk ey fd;k x;k FkkA Ldwy dh gkyr ttZj FkhA ,d
ckj dks yxk fd eSa tkus dgk¡ vkdj Qal x;k gw¡A
Ldwy esa cPpksa dk ukekadu ns[kk rks dkQh de Fkk vkSj Åij ls cPps vfu;fer Hkh FksA Ldwy esa
FkksM+k le; fcrkus ds ckn esa le> vk;k fd Ldwy xk¡o esa rks Fkk ij xk¡o vkSj Ldwy esa fdlh
rjg dk vkReh; laca/k ugha Fkk ;k ;wa dgsa fd bl çdkj dk laca/k] dHkh Ldwy ds deZpkfj;ksa vkSj
xk¡o okyksa esa] fodflr gh ugha gks ik;k FkkA ,d ek= cPps gh Fks tks Ldwy vkrs Fks vkSj ikl
gksdj pys tkrs FksA Ldwy viuh ttZj fLFkfr esa xk¡o ds eqgkus ij [kM+k Fkk] ftlds jlksbZ vkSj

çkax.k dks xk¡o okyksa us lkoZtfud 'kkSpky; cuk;k gqvk FkkA ;g esjs fy, cM+h leL;k Fkh fd
tc rd Ldwy dk gh fodkl ugha gksxk rks Ldwy cPpksa dk fodkl dSls djsxk\ eSaus Ldwy dh
leL;k ls fuiVus ds fy, LVkQ ls lg;ksx ek¡xk ij fujk'kk gkFk yxh rks Lo;a gh mu cPpksa ds
?kj tkuk 'kq: fd;k] tks vfu;fer FksA muds vfHkHkkodksa ls ckrphr djuk Hkh 'kq: fd;kA ;g
oks dke Fkk tks dHkh gqvk gh ugha FkkA blds vykok cPpksa ds lkFk feydj Lo;a >kM+w ysdj
Ldwy lQkbZ dk dk;Z 'kq: fd;kA lQkbZ dk;Z iwjk gksus ds ckn Ldwy ifjlj esa o`{kkjksi.k dk
dk;ZØe j[kk vkSj xk¡o okyksa dks vkeaf=r fd;kA ;g gekjs Ldwy ds fy, cgqr egRoiw.kZ dne
jgkA mUgsa Ldwy esa cqykus dk esjk mís'; ;g Fkk fd ge xk¡o okyksa dh fparkvksa dks tku ldsa vkSj
xk¡o okys Ldwy dh leL;kvksa ls :&c&: gks ldsaA tc xk¡o okys Ldwy esa ,d= gq, rks mudh
vkilh ppkZ ls gh Ldwy dks dkQh lgk;rk feyhA Ldwy dh fLFkfr dks ns[k dj ,d lTtu us
Ldwy ds jax&jksxu ds fy, vius [kpsZ ls jax] pwuk nsus dk çLrko j[kk rks Ldwy ds jax&jksxu
ds dk;Z dks eqdDey cukus ds fy, dbZ vfHkHkkod rS;kj Hkh gks x,A esjh [kq'kh dk dksbZ fBdkuk
u jgk] fny cfYy;ksa mNy x;kA ;g ,d NksVh exj cgqr egRoiw.kZ thr FkhA Ldwy ds
jax&jksxu dk dk;Z 'kq: gqvk bl nkSjku FkksM+h t:jh phtsa Ldwy us Hkh miyC/k djokbZA blds
ckn Ldwy dh f[kM+dh njokts vkSj 'kkSpky; cuk] jlksbZ?kj vius ewy :i esa rS;kj gksdj gekjs
lkeus vk;kA Ldwy esa vk;ksftr bl dk;ZØe ls u flQZ xk¡o okys lkFk vk x, cfYd LVkWQ ds
dqN yksxksa dk Hkh lg;ksx feyus yxkA
fot; th crkrs gSa fd LVkWQ ds dqN lnL;ksa dk vkSj xzkeh.kksa dk lg;ksx ns[k dj xfeZ;ksa dh
NqfV~V;ksa esa lej dSEi yxkus dh ;kstuk rS;kj dh xbZ] ij leL;k ;g Fkh fd bu fnuksa esa xk¡o esa
eqëh Hkj cPps gh jg tkrs FksA ,slh fLFkfr esa Hkh 2016 esa igyh ckj lej dSEi dk vk;kstu geus
fd;k vkSj ;g gekjs fy, vk'p;Z dh ckr jgh fd gekjs Ldwy esa cPpksa dk ukekadu rks flQZ 122
dk Fkk ij lej dSEi esa 200 cPpksa dk uke geus jftLVj fd;kA gekjs fy, [kq'kh dh ckr 200
cPpksa dk Ldwy vkuk Hkj ugha Fkk cfYd mudk 10 fnuksa rd fu;fer cus jguk Hkh FkkA ;gk¡ xkSj
djus okyh ckr ;g jgh fd ;g cPps dsoy esfn;k fMaMksj ls gh ugha cfYd vkl&ikl ds vU;
xkaoksa ls Hkh vk jgs FksA ;g gekjs fy, ftruh [kq'kh dh ckr Fkh mruh gh fpark dh Hkh ckr Fkh fd
tks cPps lej dSEi esa fu;fer Fks mUgksaus Ldwy [kqyus ds ckn ls Ldwy vkuk can dj fn;k FkkA
muls ckr djds irk pyk fd oks d{kk 4 ls 8 ds cPps gSa vkSj mUgsa vHkh rd fy[kuk&i<+uk ugha
vkrk] ftl dkj.k d{kk esa oks vDlj g¡lh dk ik= curs gSaA tc cPpksa ls ;g iwNk x;k fd
mudks ;g leL;k gS rks lej dSEi esa fu;fer D;ksa vk,] muds bl ç'u dk mÙkj nsrs gq, ,d
Nk= us dgk fd lj dSEi esa vki i<+krs FkksM+k Fks ogk¡ rks dfork] dgkuh] [ksy ;gh lc rks gksrk
FkkA blds ckn ls geus cPpksa ds lkFk fy[kus&i<+us ij dsfUær gksdj dk;Z 'kq: fd;kA dqN xSj
ljdkjh laLFkkvksa ds lkFk feydj cPpksa ds fy, esyksa dk vk;kstu Hkh djok;kA
i<+us&fy[kus dh blh çfØ;k esa fot; th dh d{kk esa ,d cM+h vlk/kkj.k ?kVuk ?kVhA mudh

d{kk ds cPpksa us muls d{kk ds nkSjku nks loky iwNs\ igyk loky ;g Fkk fd ljdkj dkSu gksrh
gS\ vkSj nwljk loky Fkk fd ljdkj curh dSls gS\ ;gk¡ fot; th us nksuksa lokyksa ds lS)kafrd
tokc cPpksa dks u nsdj mUgsas bldh çfØ;k ls xqtkjus dh dksf'k'k dhA blds fy, mUgksus vius
fo|ky; esa gh cky lnu ds pquko dk vk;kstu djok fn;kA bl pquko ds ckn cPps pquko
çfØ;k dks le>us ds lkFk&lkFk ljdkj dk;Z dSls djrh gS] ;g Hkh le>us yxsA vc Ldwy esa
gksus okys gj dk;Z dks djus ds fy, cky lnu }kjk dqN eaf=;ksa dk lewg fu;qä fd;k x;kA
;g rks gqbZ ljdkj cukus dh çfØ;k vkSj mlds dk;Z forj.k dh ckr] ij bl ckjs esa 'kk;n gh
fdlh us lkspk Fkk fd cPps bl çfØ;k dks ns[kus vkSj le>us ds lkFk gh lkFk ,d ukxfjd dh
ftEesnkfj;ksa dks Hkh le>us yxsaxsA tSls vxj d{kk esa p‚d ;k MLVj ugha gks rks blds fy, cPps
f'k{kk ea=h ;k mlds eaf=;ksa dks bldh lwpuk nsus yxsA vxj Ldwy ds ikS/kksa dks ikuh ugha fn;k
x;k gS rks bldh ftEesnkjh i;kZoj.k ea=ky; dh gksxhA Ldwy ds [kkus esa lkQ&lQkbZ ;k vU;
fdlh rjg dh leL;k gks rks mldh f'kdk;r [kk| ea=ky; dks dh nh tkus yxh vkfnA bl
rjg dk dk;Z vius vki esa vuks[kk gS ftldh igy fot; tSu th us vius fo|ky; esa dhA
esfn;k fMaMksj Ldwy ds lkFk 'kq: gq, vius lQj ds ,d u, v/;k; ds ckjs esa oks crkrs gSa fd
ftlus u flQZ esfn;k fMaMksj cfYd vkl&ikl ds dbZ xkaoksa ds yksxksa dh lksp ljdkjh Ldwyksa ds
çfr cny ds j[k nhA oks crkrs gSa fd gekjs Ldwy ds cPps vkt rd dHkh ckalokM+k ¼'kgj½ rd
ugha x, Fks] ij ;g igyk ekSdk Fkk] tc ,d dk;ZØe esa Hkkx ysus ds fy, eq>s vius Ldwy ds
cPpksa ds lkFk fnYyh tkuk FkkA leL;k cl tkus Hkj dh ugha Fkh cfYd mlls T;knk Fkh oks
lfnZ;ksa ds fnu Fks vkSj gesa ckalokM+k ds ,d xk¡o ls fnYyh rd dk lQj r; djuk Fkk vkSj cPpksa
ds ikl xeZ diM+s rd ugha FksA tkuus okys] ftuesa T;knkrj f'k{kd Fks] lHkh us eq>s bl tksf[ke
dks mBkus ls euk fd;kA ij cPpksa ds ?kj okyksa us eq> ij fo'okl trk;kA dqN tkuus okyksa us
cPpksa ds xeZ diM+s Hkh miyC/k djok, vkSj ge py fudysA gkykafd bl lQj ds ckjs esa tc eSa
;kstuk cuk jgk Fkk rc eq>s okLro esa fnYyh cgqr nwj utj vk jgh Fkh] cPpksa ds mRlkg vkSj
xk¡o okyksa dk lkFk ikdj vc fnYyh cgqr nwj ugha jg xbZ FkhA ge rhu fnuksa rd fnYyh esa #ds
vkSj dk;ZØe esa Hkkx ysus ds lkFk gh fnYyh Hkh ?kwesA fnYyh ls ykSVdj cPpksa us vius vuqHko
eghuksa xk¡o Hkj esa lquk,A bl chp ;g fdLlk Hkh deky dk gqvkA ykSVrh Vªsu esa cPps tc ,d
nwljs dks dqN nsrs rks ^FkSad ;w* vkSj xyrh gksus ij ^l‚jh* cksy jgs FksA tc esjk bl vksj /;ku
x;k rks cM+h gSjkuh gqbZA eSaus rks cPpksa dks u rks ;g 'kCn fl[kk, Fks vkSj u gh dgk¡ vkSj dc
ç;ksx djuk gS ;g crk;k FkkA ;g tks ifjorZu gqvk fnYyh ls ykSVus ckn gqvk tku iM+kA tks
esjs cPpksa us fnYyh ds Nk=ksa ds lkFk jg dj lh[kk FkkA eSa dqy feykdj dgw¡ rks cPpksa ds lkFk
dke djrs gq, esjk ;g ;dhu cuus yxk gS fd cPpksa ds lkFk lh[kuk&fl[kkuk flQZ fdrkc rd
lhfer gksdj ugha gks ldrkA gekjh d{kk,¡ nqfu;k Hkj ds Kku dk ,d NksVk lk fgLlk Hkj gSa
vkSj 'ks"k Kku rks d{kkvksa ds ckgj gSA tgka cPps vkpkj&O;ogkj vkSj lkekftd ewY;ksa ds lkFk

tkus D;k&D;k lh[krs gSaA
bl lh[kus dh çfØ;k esa eSaus
vius cPpksa ij flQZ fo'okl
fd;k gS vkSj muds lh[kus ds
jkLrs esa vkus okyh gj rjg
dh ck/kkvksa dks nwj djus dk
ç;kl Hkj fd;k gSA
Ldwy esa gks jgh bl rjg dh
xfrfof/k;ks a dks ys d j
vfHkHkkod crkrs gSa fd gekjs
xkao ls cgqr de yksx gh
ftys rd x, gSa vkSj vkerkSj ij ftys esa tkuk gekjs fy, cM+h ckr ekuh tkrh gSA ,sls esa
Ldwy gekjs cPpksa dks fnYyh esa gks jgs dk;ZØeksa esa 'kkfey gksus ds fy, ys x;k] ;g gekjs
fy, vkSj vkl&ikl ds dbZ xkaoksa ds fy, cgqr vyx ?kVuk gS] ge [kqn dHkh bruh nwj ugha
tk ik, gSaA ,slk igys rks dHkh ugha gqvk ij vc ;g ns[k ds vPNk yxrk gS fd yksx ckgj
ls vkrs gSa vkSj gekjs cPpksa ds fy, lkeku ykrs gSaA ge ls ftruk gksrk gS mruk rks djrs gSa
ij Ldwy ds yksx gekjs cPpksa ds lkFk Bhd oSlk gh O;ogkj djrs gSa tSlk fd oks vius cPpksa
ds fy, djrs gSaA
fot; th vius i<+kus ds rjhds ckjs esa crkrs gSa fd 'kq#vkrh fnuksa esa tc mUgksus d{kk esa
cky xhr xkuk 'kq: fd;k] rc cPpksa ds ?kj okys cPpksa ls dgus yxs fd ;g dSlk ekLVj
Ldwy esa vk;k gS tks xkuk fl[kk jgk gS\ ij cPpksa dks f'k{k.k dk ;g vankt cgqr vPNk yx
jgk FkkA cPpksa ds fy, xhr xkuk Hkj Fkk ij esjs fy, blesa lquuk&cksyuk vkSj
fy[kuk&i<+uk Nqik FkkA fot; th dh gh d{kk 5 esa i<+us okys fouksn ds firk crkrs gSa fd
bu fnuksa rks Ldwy esa i<+kbZ gks jgh gSA ns[k ds vPNk yxrk gS fd esjk csVk fdrkc i<+ jgk gS
vkSj fy[k Hkh ysrk gSA ij ;g fLFkfr ges'kk ls ugha FkhA eSa Hkh blh fo|ky; esa i<+k gw¡ ij 5
lky ;gk¡ nsus ds ckn eq>s dqN Hkh ugha vk;k] rks eSa ohjiqj i<+us x;k vkSj fQj ls d{kk 1 ls
i<+kA oks vkxs dgrs gSa fd vxj eq>s Hkh bl rjg dk i<+us&fy[kus dk volj feyk gksrk]
tks vkt&dy bl Ldwy esa fn;s tkrs gSa] rks laHkor% esa Hkh vkt vPNh ukSdjh esa gksrkA gekjs
le; esa i<+kus dk rjhdk rks cgqr vthc Fkk] rc cgqr ekjrs Fks ij ;gk¡ ds f'k{kdksa ds ikl
D;k tknw gS le> ugha vkrk fd fcuk ekjs lc dqN fl[kk nsrs gSaA ns'k ds lqnwj bykds esa cls
esfn;k fMaMksj ds cPpksa dks gj rjg dk ,Dlikstj nsus ds fy, fot; th vyx&vyx rjg
dh xfrfof/k;k¡ Ldwy esa djrs gSaA blh Øe esa mUgksus cPpksa dks vius vuqHkoksa ls ;k dgsa fd

[kqn ls djds lh[kus ds fy, vt+he çseth QkmaMs'ku ds lnL;ksa ds lkFk feydj Ldwy esa cky
'kks/k esys ds vk;kstu dh ;kstuk cukbZA ftlds fy, mUgksus cPpksa ds chp bl ckr dks j[krs gq,
bl esys ds vk;kstu ij cPpksa ds fopkj tkus vkSj mudh lgefr ikus ds lkFk gh mUgksus cPpksa
dks vyx&vyx lewgksa esa ck¡V fn;kA bu lHkh lewgksa dks xk¡o ds clus dh dgkuh] Ldwy cuus
dh dgkuh] [ksrh ds vkStkjksa vkSj yksd xhrksa vkfn vU; fo"k;ksa ij tkudkjh bdëh djuh FkhA
cPpksa }kjk laxzghr tkudkjh dks cPpksa ds lkFk feydj O;ofLFkr fd;k x;kA ftlds ckn Ldwy
esa ^gksnok uw es#* ¼cky 'kks/k esyk½ djok;k x;kA vkt bu reke dok;nksa dk gh vlj gS fd
2016 ls vc rd Ldwy esa cPpksa dk ukekadu dkQh c<+k gSA ,d rqyukRed vk/kkj ij oks crkrs
gSa fd lky 2016 esa Ldwy esa cPpksa dh la[;k 122 Fkh tks orZeku esa 179 gks xbZA fLFkfr ;g gS fd
nwljs Ldwyksa ls vkSj xkaoksa ls tks gekjs Ldwy ls nwj gSa] cPps ;gk¡ uke fy[kokus vk jgs gSaA cPps
Ldwy esa fu;fer gSa vkSj tks fdlh dkj.k ls Ldwy ugha vk ik jgs gSa mudh iwjh tkudkjh gekjs
ikl gksrh gSA viuh reke ckrksa ds chp fot; th bl ckr dks Hkh j[krs gSa fd esfn;k fMaMksj esa
dke djrs gq, dqN eSa cnyk gw¡] dqN cPps] dqN xk¡o okys vkSj dqN esjs Ldwy okysA cnyus dh
bl çfØ;k esa ge lHkh viuh iwjh {kerk ds lkFk ,d csgrj dy dh vksj c<+ jgs gSaA
¼fot; izdk”k tSu dh jk; cgknqj flag ls gqbZ ckrphr ij vk/kkfjr½






  
  
  

f'k{kd dk vius thou esa dkQh cPpksa ls lkeuk gksrk gS vkSj cPpksa ds thou esa Hkh f'k{kd dkQh
vge~ Hkwfedk j[krs gSaA T;knkrj cPps vius f'k{kdksa dk vuqlj.k djus dh dksf'k'k djrs gSaA
vkidks irk Hkh ugha pyrk fd dc vkidh dkSu lh ckr fdlh Nk= ds thou dks ,d u;k eksM+
ns nsrh gSA #æç;kx ftys esa 'kk;n gh dksbZ f'k{kd ;k fo|ky; gksxk tgk¡ jktdh; mPp
çkFkfed fo|ky;] Mkaxh&xqukÅ esa dk;Zjr f'k{kd gsear pkSfd;ky th dks dksbZ ugha tkurk
gksxkA vHkh gky gh esa jk"Vªh; Lrj ij gqbZ foKku çn'kZuh esa pkSfd;ky th o muds Nk= jksfgr
jkSrsyk us vius fo|ky; dk uke ns'kHkj esa tks jks'ku fd;k gSA lkSE; o ljy LoHkko ds
pkSfd;ky th fiNys rhu o"kksaZ ls Mkaxh&xqukÅ fo|ky; esa dk;Zjr gSaA #æç;kx cktkj ls
fo|ky; dh nwjh yxHkx 15 fdeh- gSA lM+d ls fo|ky; yxHkx 1 fdeh- dh nwjh ij gSA
fo|ky; esa nks vkSj f'k{kd gSa rFkk cPpksa dh la[;k 14 gSaA pkSfd;ky th us fiNys 28 lkyksa ds
vius f'k{k.k dky esa fofHkUu fo|ky;ksa esa lsok;sa nh gSaA L;kalw] tky&eYyk] yfM;klq fo|ky;ksa
esa viuh lsok nsus ds ckn os 2015 esa Mkaxh& xqukÅ vk;sA os viuh ckrphr esa crkrs gSa fd 1991
esa os e`rd vkfJr f'k{kd ds crkSj yxs FksA 1991&95 rd os vçf'kf{kr f'k{kd ds :i esa dke
djrs jgsA ifjokj esa lcls cM+s Fks rks ?kj ds dke vkSj vU; ftEesnkfj;ksa dk fuokZg djrs gq,
mUgksaus 1995 esa ch-,M- fd;kA
vius vuqHkoksa dks ;kn djrs gq, pkSfd;ky th crkrs gSa fd mUgksaus vius dke dh 'kq#vkr
leqnk; ls fj'rs cukdj dhA gkykafd ;g bruk vklku ugha FkkA leqnk; dk vius cPpksa vkSj
fo|ky; dh vksj dksbZ fo'ks"k /;ku ugha FkkA ,sls esa mUgksaus fo|ky; esa vfHkHkkodksa dh dbZ cSBdsa
cqykbZ vkSj blh dk urhtk jgk fd os ladqy Lrj ij esys dk vk;kstu dj ik,A ;g esyk ml
le; dkQh ppkZ esa vk;kA bl esys esa fy, x;s fo"k; ikB;Øe vk/kkfjr Fks tSls& ikjaifjd
os'kHkw"kk] xgus] crZu] vkStkj] idoku vkfn dh çn'kZuh cPpksa }kjk yxkbZ x;hA bl çdkj
pkSfd;ky th us uk flQZ ,ulh,Q 2005 ds mís'; dks lkFk ysrs gq, cPpksa dks muds okrkoj.k ls
tksM+k cfYd yksd laL—fr dks c<+kok nsrs gq, mudk vdknfed i{k Hkh etcwr fd;kA leqnk;
dk pkSfd;ky th ij fo'okl bl dnj Fkk] bldk vanktk bl ckr ls yxk;k tk ldrk Fkk fd
yksxksa us çn'kZuh esa vius lksus ls cus xgus ¼cqykd] xqykscan½ rd ns fn,A Mkaxh&xqukÅ
fo|ky; esa vkus ds ckn ,d ckj fQj ls leqnk; dks lkFk ysus ,d pqukSrh muds lkeus [kM+h
FkhA muds vuqlkj] tc os 'kq#vkr esa ml fo|ky; esa vk;s rks mUgsa leqnk; dk bruk lg;ksx
ugha feykA bldk mnkgj.k mUgksaus dqN bl çdkj fn;k& [ksy çfr;ksfxrkvksa esa tc cPps ftys
ds fy, p;fur gq, ¼ftuesa ckfydk,a Hkh 'kkfey Fkh½] rks cPpksa ds ekrk&firk us mUgsa f'k{kd ds
lkFk Hkstus ls euk dj fn;kA 'kk;n os vius cPpksa dh lqj{kk ds çfr vk'oLr ugha FksA ijUrq
le; ds lkFk cPpksa ds ekrk&firk dks Hkh le> vk x;k fd lj muds cPpksa dh HkykbZ ds fy,
gh ;s lc dj jgs gSaA mudk leqnk; ds lkFk cgqr vPNk lEcU/k gSA ,l,elh ehfVax gks ;k
fo|ky; esa gksus okyk dksbZ dk;ZØe] leqnk; ds yksxksa us ges'kk ls gh c<+&p<+dj Hkkx fy;k gSA

bl ij pkSfd;ky th dk ekuuk
gS] cPpksa ij ifjokj vkSj mlds
lnL;ksa dk cgqr xgjk çHkko
iM+rk gSA

fo|ky; esa fo"k;okj ?kaVh ugha
yxrhA lj dk dguk gS] ?kaVh
ctkuk fo"k;ksa ds chp ,d varj
fo"k;h nhokj [kM+k djuk gSA ,slk
djus ls fo|ky; ds vU; f'k{kdksa
dks Hkh dksbZ vkifÙk ugha gksrhA
d{kk esa vkrs gh os viuk rfd;k dyke cksyrs gSa& Þvkt D;k i<+uk pkgrs gks\** ,slk djsa ;k
oSlk\ bl ij cPps ,d vkilh lgefr cukrs gq, fo"k; dk p;u djrs gSaA cPpksa dks vius
f'k{kd dk muds lkFk uhps cSBuk vk'p;Ztud ugha yxrkA d{kk dk okrkoj.k dkQh jkspd
vkSj lkSgknZiw.kZ gksrk gSA cPpksa dks os T;knkrj lewg esa gh cSBkrs gSaA fdlh fo"k; ij ckrphr
djus ds ckn cPpksa dks ml fo"k; ls vk/kkfjr ç'u ns fn, tkrs gSaA cPpksa dh dksf'k'k gksrh gS fd
os [kqn ls gh ç'uksa dks gy djsaA t:jr i<+us ij cPps vkil esa ,d&nwljs dh lgk;rk djrs gSa
vkSj fQj [kqn ls gh ç'u cukdj mudks gy djrs gSaA bl çdkj ls os cPpksa ds chp ,d
lqxedrkZ ds :i esa dke djrs gSaA mudk ekuuk gS fd lkjs cPps i<+&fy[k ldrs gSa vkSj ;s Hkh
fd ;fn dksbZ cPpk i<+ ugha ik jgk gS rks f'k{kd dks çR;sd cPps ds Lrj dh igpku dj muds
Lrjkuqlkj xfrfof/kf/k;ksa dk p;u djuk gksxkA
fo|ky; dh nhokjsa cPpksa vkSj muds f'k{kd dh esgur dk çek.k nsrh gSaA pkSfd;ky th foKku]
xf.kr] lkekftd foKku yxHkx lHkh fo"k; i<+krs gSaA mudk vdknfed i{k dkQh etcwr
utj vkrk gSA g‚y esa FkekZehVj ds lkFk Vaxk] nks lky ds rkieku dks n'kkZrk pkVZ ¼ftlesa cPps
lqcg] fnu vkSj Nqêh ds oDr dk rkieku uksV djrs gSa½] jkT;lHkk vkSj yksdlHkk dks n'kkZrk pkVZ]
iqjkuh eqækvksa ls vkPNkfnr pkVZ ¼ftlesa lj vkSj cPpksa }kjk ladfyr iqjkus flDdksa vkSj uksVksa
dks fpidk;k x;k gS½] foKku ds fofHkUu vkfo"dkj okyk pkVZ rFkk cPpksa ds lokyksa ls Hkjk pkVZ]
ftlls mudh phtksa dks tkuus dh mRlqdrk rFkk ftKklk >ydrh gS] bl ckr dk çek.k gSaA
d{kkvksa esa Hkh ikB vk/kkfjr pkVZ~l yxs gSa ftudk le;≤ ij iqujkoyksdu fd;k tkrk gSA
pkSfd;ky th dh dksf'k'k T;knkrj ;gh jgrh gS fd cPpksa dh rjQ ls T;knk çfrfØ;k,a vk;sA
fQj pkgs lokyksa dk igkM+ gh D;ksa u [kM+k gks tk,A cPpksa ds lokyksa ds fy;s mUgksaus ,d pkVZ
yxk;k gS] ftlesa cPps vius lokyksa dks fy[krs gSaA ;s loky fdlh Hkh fo"k; ds gksrs gSaA

le;≤ ij os bu lokyksa ds
tokc <w¡<+us ds fy, cPpksa dks
çksRlkfgr djrs jgrs gSaA
dqN lokyksa ds tokc cPpksa dks
fo"k; lEcU/kh Vh,y,e ls fey
tkrs gSaA pkSfd;ky th us dkQh
Vh,y,e tqVk;k gS] ftlds
j[kj[kko dh ftEesnkjh cPpksa
dh gh gSA le;≤ ij bu
TLM esa ifjorZu Hkh gksrk gSA os
Vh,y,e Hkh vkl&ikl ds
ifjos'k ls gh ykrs gSaA blls os cPpksa dks ;g Hkh lans'k nsrs gSa fd Hkys gh xk¡o esa yksx i<+s&fy[ks
ugha Fks] ijUrq mUgsa vkl&ikl dh phtksa dks mi;ksx djuk vkrk Fkk] Hkys gh fQj os mlds ihNs
ds dkj.kksa dks ugha tkurs gksaA os i<+krs le; vf/kdrj mnkgj.k] LFkkuh; ifjos'k ls ysrs gSaA
mnkgj.k ds rkSj ij] foKku esa vEy] {kkj vkSj yo.k i<+kus ds nkSjku ç;ksxksa ds ckn mUgksaus dqN
mnkgj.k LFkkuh; ifjos'k ds fn,] tSls& e/kqeD[kh ds Mad ekjus ij] xkao&?kjksa esa jk[k] VwFkisLV
vkfn {kkjksa dk ç;ksx djukA ,slk gh ,d mnkgj.k gS] çR;sd eghus cPpksa }kjk muds otu vkSj
yEckbZ esa c<+ksÙkjh dks pkVZ ij ntZ djukA bl çdkj os vius otu vkSj yEckbZ esa varj ns[k
ikrs gSaA mlds vuqlkj os vius [kkuiku esa pkSfd;ky th ls ppkZ dj cnyko Hkh ykrs gSaA blls
cPps vkadM+ksa dk fo'ys"k.k djuk Hkh lh[ks gSaA bu lcls cPps phtksa dks tYnh le> tkrs gaSA
tc yxrk gS fd fdlh cPps dks fdlh fo"k; dks le>us esa T;knk le; yxsxk rks os [kkyh
le; esa ml cPps ds lkFk ml fo"k; ij dke djrs gSaA ftu cPpksa esa vkRefo'okl dh deh gS]
mu cPpksa dks os vf/kd dke lkSairs gSa] ftlls cPps esa vkRefo'okl vk;s vkSj ftEesnkfj;ka ysuk
lh[ksA 2&3 cPpksa ds mnkgj.k nsrs gq, os crkrs gSa fd ftEesnkfj;ka nsus ij bu cPpksa esa
vkRefo'okl ds lkFk&lkFk usr`Ro dh Hkkouk dh c<+ksrjh gqbZ gSA
le;≤ ij os cPpksa ds detksj i{kksa ij dke djrs jgrs gSaA cPpksa ds eu dks vkSj vf/kd
tkuus ds fy, mUgksaus 2&3 c‚Dl j[ks gSa] ftuds uke vyx&vyx gSaA tSls êu dh ckr*&
ftlesa cPpksa dks dqN Hkh fy[kus dh vktknh gSA cPps T;knkrj blesa ,d&nwljs dh dfe;ka
vkSj [kkfe;ka fy[krs gSaA ,d vkSj pht tks cPpksa us [kqn ls bZtkn dh] oks ;s fd cPpksa dks ;fn
?kj esa dksbZ ckr ijs'kku dj jgh gS rks cPps bl c‚Dl ds tfj;s lk>k djrs gSaA blds vykok
,d vkSj c‚Dl dk uke gS ûhan esa esjk liuk*& ftlesa cPps liuksa ds ckjs esa fy[k dj mls
c‚Dl esa Mky nsrs gSaA blds ckn os ,d&nwljs ls ppkZ Hkh djrs gSaA vkSj rhljs c‚Dl dk uke
gS& êq>s dqN dguk gS*& ;g Hkh cgqr dqN êu dh ckr* okys c‚Dl dh gh rjg gSA ;fn cPpksa

dks f'k{kdksa dh dksbZ ckr vPNh ugha yxrh rks cPps ,d dkxt ij fy[kdj ml c‚Dl esa Mky
nsrs gSaA bu lHkh c‚Dl dh enn ls lj cPpksa ds ckjs esa dkQh dqN tkudkjh tqVk ik, gSaA
[kkldj mu cPpksa ds ckjs esa tks cgqr de cksyrs gSaA lj dh ges'kk ;gh dksf'k'k jgrh gS fd
cPps ges'kk lkFk esa fey&tqydj dke djsa vkSj bldk ifj.kke cPpksa esa fn[krk gSA blds
vykok lj cPpksa dks vyx&vyx phtsa djrs jgus ds fy, çsfjr djrs jgrs gSaA muesa 'kkfey
gS&LosVj cquuk ¼flykb;ksa dh lgk;rk ls½] feêh ds crZu cukuk] Mk;jh fy[kuk ¼ekfld vkSj
okf"kZd½A dHkh&dHkh cPpksa ds lkFk [ksyrs Hkh gSaA dSje] ywMks] fØdsV ;s lkjs [ksy cPps lj ds
lkFk [ksyrs gSaA [ksy ds nkSjku yM+ds vkSj yM+fd;ksa dks leku volj feyrk gSa vkSj cPpksa ds
chp yM+kbZ gksus ij igys rks cPps mls [kqn ls lqy>krs gSa] ojuk lj dh enn Hkh yh tkrh gSA
le;≤ ij fo|ky; esa dk;ZØe gksrs jgrs gSa] buesa gj lky gksus okyk okf"kZdksRlo] foKku
esyk] 'kSf{kd Hkze.k] êUnkfduh dh vkokt jsfM;ks LVs'ku ij* cPpksa }kjk çLrqfr vkSj vHkh gky
gh esa efgyk fnol ij dk;ZØe vkfnA pkSfd;ky th dk dguk gS cPpksa dks ;fn le;≤
ij viuh ckrksa dks j[kus ds fy, eap feyrk jgs rks cPps vkxs dk jkLrk [kqn gh rS;kj dj ysrs
gSaA bu dk;ZØeksa ds tfj;s HkwriwoZ Nk= dks Hkh fo|ky; esa vkus dk volj feyrk gS vkSj blh
cgkus os vius vuqHko ckdh cPpksa ls lk>k djrs jgrs gSaA dqN fnu igys mUgksaus vej mtkyk
dh ^vijkftrk eqfge* ds lkFk feydj ,d dk;ZØe vk;ksftr fd;k ftlesa fofHkUu foHkkxksa ls
vkbZ efgyk vf/kdkfj;ksa us f'kjdr dh rFkk efgykvksa ls tqM+s fo"k;ksa ij [kqydj ckrphr dh
x;h ftlesa efgykvksa dh lqj{kk] vius vf/kdkjksa ds çfr ltxrk] ekgokjh ls tqM+h ckrphr
'kkfey FkhA mudh ;g igy muesa lekt ds laosnu'khy eqíksa ds çfr ltxrk fn[kkrh gSA
f'k{kdksa dks lekt dk ,d vfHkUu vax ekurs gq, os viuh ckr j[krs gSa fd Þ,d f'k{kd ds
thou esa mudk dkQh cPpksa ls lkeuk gksrk gS vkSj cPpksa ds thou esa f'k{kd dkQh vge~ Hkwfedk
j[krs gSaA T;knkrj cPps vius f'k{kdksa dk vuqlj.k djus dh dksf'k'k djrs gSaA vkidks irk Hkh
ugha pyrk fd dc vkidh dkSu lh ckr fdlh Nk= ds thou dks ,d u;k eksM+ ns nsrh gSAß
lkFkh f'k{kdksa dks Hkh os çksRlkfgr djrs jgrs gSaA muds fo|ky; esa vU; f'k{kd Hkh muds fopkjksa
ls lger jgrs gSaA f'k{kdksa ds chp mUgsa ^,d vkn'kZ f'k{kd* ds :i esa tkuk tkrk gSA lj T;knk
ls T;knk f'k{kd laxks"Bh esa f'kjdr djus ds fy, rRij jgrs gSa vkSj u;h&u;h phtksa dks
lh[kdj vius fo|ky; esa t:j ç;ksx djrs gSaA
¼gsear pkSfd;ky dh vafdrk Mksaxfj;ky ls gqbZ ckrphr ij vk/kkfjr½







  
  
  
  

bu fnuksa ljdkjh Ldwy ,d rjQ
cPpksa dh vuqifLFkfr o ukekadu
ls tw> jgs gSa vkSj nwljh vksj
csgrj f”k{kk lsA gkykafd bu nksuksa
pht+ksa esa xgjk fj”rk gSA vxj
Ldwy esa csgrj lh[kuk&fl[kkuk
gksrk gS rks ogka cPps fVdrs gSaA
vxj Ldwy oDr esa cPpksa dh
euialn pht+sa gksa rks fQj os
nksigj ckn Hkh jgrs gSaA ;g
ekuuk gS fo”othr flag dq”kokg
dkA vkfnoklh {ks= ds [kjxksu ftys ds xksxkaok fodkl [kaM esa ek/;fed fo|ky; fBcxkao
cqtqxZ ds f”k{kd o LVkWQ us feydj ftl dk;Z;kstuk dks vatke fn;k gS og vuqdj.kh; igy
gSA mYys[kuh; gS fd fo”othr flag dq”kokg 2017 ls bl Ldwy esa crkSj lgk;d f”k{kd inLFk
gSaA fo”othr flag dq”kokg dks 2016&17 esa cPpksa dks lh[kus&fl[kkus ds lanHkZ esa jkT; Lrjh;
iqjLdkj fey pqdk gSA
,d Ldwy dh ladYiuk esa “kkfey gS cPpksa dks vkuUnnk;h okrkoj.k miyC/k djkuk ftldh
Nkao esa cPpksa dk lh[kuk&fl[kkuk csgrj gksrk gSA fo”othr flag dgrs gSa fd Ldwy esa ge cPpksa
ds fy, os reke lk/ku&lqfo/kk,a eqgS;k djokus dh Hkjiwj dksf”k”k dj jgs gSa tks lh[kus&fl[kkus
ds fy, t:jh gSaA mudk ;g Hkh ekuuk gS fd cPpksa ds fy, os reke pht+sa Ldwy dk fgLlk gksuh
pkfg, tks os pkgrs gSa] dsoy ikB~;iqLrdksa ds Hkjksls ;g laHko ughaA
vxj vki fBcxkao cqtqxZ Ldwy esa tk,a rks ogka dh d{kk,a uhjl o mckÅ ugha fn[ksaxhA cPpksa dh
d{kk;sa cPpksa }kjk jph xbZ lkexzh ls vksrizksr gSaA ,d dejs esa cPps dSje [ksyrs gq, fn[k
tk,axsA ogha nwljh d{kk esa cPps “krjat [ksyrs gq, ns[ks tk ldrs gSaA tc eSa dejs esa ?kqlk rks ,d
f”k{kd o ,d Nk= “krjat dk [ksy [ksy jgs FksA cPpksa o f”k{kd ds chp “krjat ,d tfj;k cu
tkrk gS vkilh laca/k cukus dkA ckdh rks “krjat ds [ksy ds tfj, lkspus] j.kuhfr cukus ds
gquj fodflr gksaxs ghA
Ldwy dk ,d dejk dckM+ ls tqxkM+ ¼foKku f”k{k.k½ dks lefiZr gSA okdbZ ;g dejk vius uke
dks lkFkZd djrk fn[krk gSA ;g dejk cPpksa }kjk jps x, iz;ksx o Vhfpax yfuZax eVhfj;y ls
Hkjk iM+k gSA IykfLVd dh cksryksa] <Dduksa] rhfy;ksa] pwfM+;ksa] fpa;ksa] vkbLØhe dh fLVd ls cuk,
x, ekWMy o iz;ksx ;gka ltkdj j[ks x, gSaA tks Hkh cPps fufeZr djrs gSa os Ldwy esa iznf”kZr fd,
tkrs gSaA cPpksa dks bl ckr dh [kq”kh gksrh gS fd mudh cukbZ pht+ksa dks llEeku LFkku fn;k
tkrk gSA ;g cPpksa esa vkRefo”okl Hkh iSnk djrk gSA

Îk<+uk^ rks i<+us ls gh vkrk gSA ;g dgrs gq, fo”othr flag crkrs gSa fd cPpksa ds fy,
ikB~;iqLrdksa ls ijs tkdj i<+us&fy[kus ds fy, ,d iqLrdky; dh LFkkiuk dh xbZ gSA
iqLrdky; cPpksa ds fy, Ldwy oDr esa ges”kk [kqyk gksrk gSA ,d rjg ls cPps gh bl
iqLrdky; dk lapkyu djrs gSaA iqLrdky; esa de ls de 300 fdrkcsa gSa ftlesa gj rjg dh
fdrkcsa gSaA cPps viuh ethZ ls fdrkcsa Lo;a gh b”;w djrs gSa vkSj i<+rs gSaA
lanHkZ ls lh[kuk o lanHkZ esa lh[kuk gh csgrj gksrk gSA fo”othr flag crkrs gSa fd os cPpksa dks
fy[kus ds fy, vius lanHkZ ls tksM+rs gSaA cPpksa dks nSfud thou dh ?kVukvksa ij fy[kus ds fy,
izsfjr fd;k tkrk gSA fiNys fnuksa tc fnyhi nkgksnz uked Nk= us dgkuh fy[kh rks mls cky
foKku if=dk pded dks Hkst fn;kA pded esa ml cPps dh dgkuh NihA ml cPps dks [kq”kh
gqbZ tks vU; cPpksa ds fy, izsj.kk cuhA cPps rHkh fy[kus dh vksj vxzlj gks ikrs gSa tc mUgsa dksbZ
ckr t:jh yxrh gS fd bls rks fy[kuk gh pkfg,A cPpksa dks ,sls reke volj miyC/k djkus
dh dksf”k”k dh tkrh gSA i<+us ds fy, d{kk esa ,d cksMZ LFkkfir fd;k x;k gS tgka cPps [kqn gh
v[kckjksa ds ys[k o [kcj pLika djrs gSaA ;gka cPps vius eu ls fy[kdj Hkh pLika djrs jgrs gSaA
fo”othr flag us crk;k fd cPpksa dks ,d ckj fo’k; fn;k fd os Ldwy vkus esa D;k&D;k
leL;k,a vkrh gS] bl ij dqN fy[ksaA vkSj cPpksa us fy[kkA cPpksa dks vc lq>ko fn;k fd bls
vki ,d “khV ij fp=kRed <ax ls izLrqr djsaA fQj D;k Fkk! ,d Nk=k us tks ladyu fd;k mls
;gka ns[kk tk ldrk gSA f”k{kd dgrs gSa fd ekSfyd ys[ku rHkh laHko gksrk gS tc cPpksa ds fny
ls vkokt+ fudys vkSj os mls fy[ksaA
f”k{kk l= 2018&19 esa fBcxkao Ldwy dh igy ij foKku esys dk vk;kstu fd;k x;k ftlesa
vklikl ds Ldwyksa lqjikyk o fBcxkao [kqnZ ds cPps Hkh “kkfey gq,A blh izdkj ls Ldwy esa
fu;fer :Ik ls ckylHkkvksa dk vk;kstu fd;k tkrk jgk gS ftlesa vt+he izseth QkmaMs”ku ls
lgk;rk feyrh gSA
cPps d{kk dh pkjnhokjh esa cSBdj cksj gks tkrs gSaA vxj o;Ldksa ds lkFk Hkh ,slk jkstkuk gks rks
ge Hkh ijs”kku gks tk,axsA cPps d{kk dh pkjnhokjh esa etcwju gh cSBsaxsA bldk ,d vkSj
fufgrkFkZ gSA ,ulh,Q dgrk gS fd cPpksa dks ikB~;iqLrdksa ls ijs ys tkdj d{kk dh pkjnhokjh
ls ckgj dh nqfu;k ls tksM+us dh t:jr gSA blds fy, ge dksf”k”k djrs jgrs gSaA fo”othr
flag crkrs gSa fd tc vt+he izseth QkmaMs”ku dh vksj ls gesa ,Dlikstj foftV ds fy, ys tk;k
x;k rks esjs fnekx esa ;g ckr vkbZ fd D;ksa u gesa Hkh cPpksa dks vius Ldwy ls ckgj ys tkuk
pkfg,A vDlj Ldwyksa esa ,d fdLe dk izfrjks/k gS fd cPpksa dks ysdj ckgj tkuk eqf”dy gSA
dqN bl rjg dh ckrsa fnekx esa vkrh gSa fd cPpksa dks Ldwy ls ckgj ys tkus ij dksbZ nq?kZVuk
?kV ldrh gS ;k fd iz”kklu ls btktr ugha fey ldsxhA ysfdu tSlk fd gekjh f”k{kk dh
uhfr;ka vxj dgrh gSa rks fQj bls viukus dk gh ekeyk gSA

QkmaMs”ku dh vksj ls eq>s dqN
,Dlikstj foftV esa tkus dk
ekSdk feyk rks eq>s ,glkl gqvk
fd vkf[kj eSa cPpksa ds lkFk bls
D;ksa ugha dj ldrk! vkSj eSaus
,slk gh fd;kA bl o’kZ cPpksa dks
fodkl [kaM eq[;ky; ij ys
tkdj fofo/k lkoZtfud laLFkkuksa
ls :c: djkus dh is”kd”k dhA
blds fy, lcls igys geus
LVkWQ esa ckrphr dh vkSj
iz/kkuk/;kid us lgefr nhA gekjs lkeus vly pqukSrh Fkh cPpksa ds ikydksa dks jkth djukA
pkgs vki dgrs jgsa fd xzkeh.k ekrk&firk vius cPpksa dh vksj /;ku ugha nsrsA ysfdu ;g iwjh
rkSj ij xyr gSA bl /kkj.kk dk dksbZ vk/kkj ugha gSA
tc eSa cPpksa ds ekrk&firk ls ,Dlikstj foftV ij ys tkus ds fy, feyus x;k rks mUgksaus eq>ls
dbZa loky fd,A cPps NksVs gSa] mudh ns[kHkky dkSu djsxk] cPpksa dks dqN gks x;k rks---! eSaus
mUgsa fo”okl fnyk;k] eSa muds lkFk jgwaxkA viuh ftEesnkjh ij cPpksa dks ysdj tk jgk gwaA
vkf[kj cPpksa ds ekrk&firk rS;kj gks x,A vxys fnu cPpksa ls ckrphr dhA cPpksa ds lkFk
feydj rS;kjh dh vkSj vxys fnu ge xksxkaok fodkl [kaM eq[;ky; ij cl ds tfj, igqap
x,A cPpksa esa mRlkg FkkA gj dksbZ lgt FkkA fodkl [kaM eq[;ky; ij lkeqnkf;d vLirky]
Fkkuk] cSad vkSj fodkl [kaM f”k{kk dk;kZy; ij cPps x, vkSj mUgksaus ogka dh dk;Ziz.kkyh dks
tkuk&le>kA cPpksa ls fodkl [kaM f”k{kk vf/kdkjh us ckrphr dhA ;g igyk ekSdk Fkk tgka
fodkl [kaM f”k{kk vf/kdkjh ds dk;kZy; esa cPps igqapsA fodkl [kaM f”k{kk vf/kdkjh ds vuqlkj
muds dk;Zdky esa ,slk dHkh ugha gqvk fd tks dk;kZy; Ldwyh f”k{kk dks lqpk: :Ik ls pykus ds
fy, cuk;k x;k gS ogka Ldwyh cPps vk,aA cPpksa us fodkl [kaM f”k{kk vf/kdkjh ds lkeus viuh
ekax j[kh fd gekjs Ldwy esa xf.kr ds f”k{kd ugha gSaA vki xf.kr ds f”k{kd dh O;oLFkk djsaA
fodkl [kaM f”k{kk vf/kdkjh us cPpksa dks vk”oLr fd;kA bls vuwBh igy dgk tkuk pkfg,A
eSaus ik;k fd cPps vkRefo”okl ds lkFk lgtrkiwoZd loky&tokc dj jgs FksA vkf[kj loky
djuk Hkh rks f”k{kk dk ,d vg~e mn~ns”; gSA vkxs fo”othr flag crkrs gSa fd vxys fnu cPps
Ldwy esa ,d d{k esa ,d= gq, vkSj vius&vius vuqHkoksa dk vknku&iznku fd;kA cPpksa dks
vius&vius vuqHko fy[kus ds fy, dgk x;k vkSj ;g fnypLi gS fd izR;sd cPps us ,Dlikstj
foftV ds vuqHkoksa dks fy[kk ftudk ladyu Ldwy esa j[kk x;k gSA

,d Ldwy esa cPpksa ds fy, cqfu;knh lqfo/kk,a rks gksuh gh pkfg,A ikuh] “kkSpky; vkSj [ksyus dk
eSnku vkfnA ;s lc fBcxkao Ldwy esa vkidks ns[kus dks fey tk,axsA ikuh pkSchlksa ?kaVs miyC/k
gks lds blds fy, Ldwy dh vksj ls igy dh xbZA xkao dh lkoZtfud ty O;oLFkk ls Ldwy
dks tksM+k x;kA ikuh dh ,d Vadh Ldwy ds e/;kUg Hkkstu d{k esa FkksM+k Åij dks j[kh xbZ rkfd
ikuh uy ds tfj, cPpksa dh igqap esa gksA Ldwy dks gjk&Hkjk djus dh tks is”kd”k dh xbZ mlesa
cPpksa ds ;ksxnku dks Hkqyk;k ugha tk ldrkA Ldwy dSail esa yxHkx 200 ls vf/kd ikS/ks yxk,
x, tks vc ygygk jgs gSaA bu ikS/kksa dh fu;fer ns[kHkky t:jh gSA bls cPpksa o LVkWQ us vPNs
ls le>k vkSj mudh ns[kHkky dh tkrh gSA ikS/ks yxkuk rks vklku gS exj mudh ijofj”k dk
bartke t:jh gSA Ldwy esa cPps o LVkWQ ds lnL; feydj ikS/kksa dh fu;fer ns[kHkky djrs
gSaA fo”othr flag dgrs gSa fd ,d xehZ dk ekSle vxj bu ikS/kksa us >sy fy;k rks bUgsa fQj dksbZ
fnDdr ugha gksxhA dqN yksx dgrs gSa fd Qynkj ikS/ks yxkus dk D;k rqd\ LVkWQ ds lnL;
crkrs gSa fd Qyksa elyu ve:n] vke o lgtu vkfn ds isM+ksa ls gfj;kyh rks gksxh gh lkFk gh
Qy Hkh feysaxsA D;ksa u cPps o xkao ds yksx Qyksa dk yqRQ Hkh mBk,aA
Ldwy esa cPpksa dk ukekadu c<+s blds fy, rks f”k{kdksa dks gh dksf”k”k djuh gksxhA fo”othr
flag crkrs gSa fd fiNys nks o’kksZa ls vklikl ds QhMj xkaoksa ls liadZ fd;k tkrk gSA blds fy,
isaQysV Niokdj ikydksa rd igqapkuk] cSuj cukdj xkao ds lkoZtfud LFky ij pLika djus
tSlh dksf”k”kksa ds pyrs cPpksa dk ukekadu c<+k gSA Þtc eSa bl Ldwy esa inLFk gqvk rks xzke lHkk
esa eSaus viuh vksj ls ckr j[kh Fkh fd ljdkjh Ldwy esa cPpksa dks t:j HkrhZ djokuk pkfg,A
ljdkjh Ldwyksa esa tgka bruh lqfo/kk,a vke lekt ds cPpksa dks nh tk jgh gS] bldk Qk;nk
mBkuk pkfg,AÞ
fiNys o’kZ dh gh rjg bl o’kZ Ldwy dh vksj ls isaQysV dk forj.k fd;k x;kA isaQysV esa f”k{kk
foHkkx] “kklu dh vksj ls tks lqfo/kk,a nh tk jgh gS mudk ftØ rks fd;k gh gS lkFk gh Ldwy esa
f”k{kd LVkWQ }kjk iz;kl fd, tk jgs gSa] mudk Hkh ftØ gSA ;g isaiysV ljdkjh Ldwyksa dks
ysdj cuh ml /kkj.kk dks rksM+rk gS tks lekt esa O;kIr gSaA ,slk ugha fd ljdkj dh vksj ls
dksf”k”ksa ugha gks jgh gSaA “kklu }kjk Ldwyksa dks nh tk jgh lqfo/kkvksa ds ckjs esa Hkh lekt esa lgh
tkudkjh dk vHkko gSA tks tkudkjh lekt esa gS Hkh rks og udkjkRedrk dk ycknk vks<+s gq,
gSaA fBcxkao cqtqxZ Ldwy dk LVkWQ mu lqfo/kkvksa dks lekt ds lkeus izLrqr djds ,d felky
Hkh jprk fn[krk gSA fo”othr flag crkrs gSa fd Ldwy esa cPpksa ds ukekadu dks ysdj fd, tk
jgs izpkj&izlkj dks ns[krs gq, cPpksa dh la[;k esa c<+ksÙkjh gqbZ gSA os ;g Hkh dgrs gSa fd vxj
futh laLFkku viuk izpkj&izlkj o foKkiu djrs gSa rks lkoZtfud Ldwyksa dks bls ysdj D;ksa
pqi cSBuk pkfg,\
& chbZvks] xksxkaok

Jh fo”othr flag dq”kokg le; ds ikcan gSaA vki cPpksa ds eu dh ckr dks i<+ ysrs gSaA vkius
Ldwy esa cPpksa ds fy, vusd de ykxr ds Vh,y,e cuk, gSa vkSj mudk bLrseky d{kk f”k{k.k
esa djrs gSaA cPpksa dh ftKklk dks HkfyHkkafr le>rs gq, vki d{kk&f”k{k.k dh O;wgjpuk djrs
gSaA vkius u dsoy lh[kus&fl[kkus dks csgrj cukus dh fn”kk esa dk;Z fd;k cfYd Ldwy esa cPpksa
ds ukekadu c<+kus esa vkidh egrh Hkwfedk jgh gSA
& Hkwisanz flag pkSgku] fodkl [kaM f”k{kk vf/kdkjh] xksxkaok
¼fo”othr flag dq”kokg dh dkyw jke “kekZ o izhfr oekZ ls gqbZ ckrphr ij vk/kkfjr½






  
  
  

thou esa dqN dj xqtjus o fofHkUu pqukSfr;ksa dk
lkeuk djus ds ckn eafty dh vksj dne c<+krs gq,
,d f'k{kd dh dgkuh] ftudk ,d ek= mís';
ukSfugkyksa dk orZeku o Hkfo"; laokjus dk jg x;k
gks] tks ekurs gSa fd y{; dh vksj py iM+uk gh y{;
ikus dh 'kq#vkr gksrh gS] ,sls gh f'k{kd gSa oa'kh/kj
tks'kh tks jktdh; izkFkfed fo|ky; cksgkyk esa
dk;Zjr gSaA
;g fo|ky; ckxs'oj eq[;ky; ls 30 fdyksehVj dh
nwjh ij fLFkr gSA lM+d ls djhc nks fdyksehVj dh
p<+kbZ p<+rs gq, ge fo|ky; igqaprs gSaA bl jkLrs esa
,d cM+k lk lqanj xkao fn[kkbZ nsrk gS ftldk uke
cksgkyk gSA xkao dkQh lqanj gSA jkLrs eas pyrs gq,
cgqr lkjs yksxksa ls ifjp; Hkh gksrk gS ,d&nwljs dk
gkypky iwNuk vke ckr gSA iyk;u dh ekj us bl
xk¡o dks Hkh ugha NksM+k /khjs&/khjs ;g xkao Hkh [kkyh
gksrk tk jgk gSA xkao ds cqtqxksZ o cPpksas us cnyrs
gkykr vkSj xkao ds [kkyh gkrs tkus dh nkLrku
lqukbZ rks nq%[k vkSj gSjr ls eu Hkj mBkA
xk¡o dk jkLrk lekIr gksrs gh FkksM+h nwjh ij fLFkfr gS jktdh; çkFkfed fo|ky; cksgkyk] ;gk¡
ij oa'kh/kj tks'kh ç/kkuk/;kid ds in ij dk;Zjr gSaA foxr rhu o"kksaZ ls os bl fo|ky; esa lsok
ns jgs gSa] os blls igys foosdkuan çkbosV fo|ky; ,oa çkFkfed fo|ky; tkaBk esa dk;Zjr jgsA
2016 esa çkFkfed fo|ky; cksgkyk vk, rks ;gka dh fLFkfr dks ns[kdj mudk eu mnkl gks
x;kA viuh ckrphr ds nkSjku mUgksaus crk;k fd çkbosV fo|ky; esa ,d d{kk eas 30 ls T;knk
cPps jgrs Fks rks i<+kus es etk vkrk Fkk fdUrq ;gk¡ ij fLFkfr;k¡ mlds myV FkhaA fo|ky; esa
dqy 11 cPps FksA xkao ds vf/kdka'k cPps utnhd ds çkbosV fo|ky; es tkrs FksA dgha ij ,d
d{kk esa rhl cPpksa ds lkFk dke djuk vkSj dgha ij iwjs fo|ky; esa 11 cPpksa ds lkFk dke djus
dh 'kq#vkr djuk pqukSrh iw.kZ dk;Z FkkA
mUgksaus us crk;k fd xk¡o esa dkQh cPps gSa fdUrq og ljdkjh fo|ky; esa ugha vkrs gSaA bldk
D;k dkj.k gS bldh rg eas tkuk mudh ftEesnkjh cu xbZA fo|ky; dkQh nwjLFk gS] ewyHkwr
lqfo/kkvksa dk vHkko gS] ihus ds fy, ikuh ugha gS o Hkou Hkh VwVk gqvk gS Acjlkr esa cPpksa dks
cSBus ds fy, LFkku ugha fey ikrk gSA lkeus igkM+ tSlh pqukSfr;k¡ viuh ckgsa QSyk, [kM+h Fkha
vkSj bu pqukSfr;ksa dk lkeuk djus ds fy, vdsysß FkksM+h fujk'kk Hkh gqbZ fdUrq ;fn eu eas dqN

djus dh Bku yh gks rks lHkh
dfBukb;ksa ls futkr fey tkrh
gSA vc 'kq#vkr gqbZ lhf<+;k¡
p<+us dh] lcls igys fo|ky;
dh lQkbZ dh xbZ] yxHkx
rhu&pkj fnu lkQ lQkbZ es
yxsA can iM+s gq, cDlksa ds rkyksa
dks [kksyk x;k ftl lkeku dk
mi;ksx dj ldrs gSa mudks
mi;ksx ds fy, j[kk x;kA blds
ckn nwljk dke Fkk leqnk; dks
fo|ky; ls tksM+uk] mUgsa fo'okl fnykuk fd ljdkjh fo|ky; esa cPps i<+ ldrs gSa vkSj ;gk¡ ds
f'k{kdksa esa bruh dkfcfy;r gS fd cPpksa dks i<+k ldrs gSaA vc 'kq#vkr gqbZ xk¡o ds çR;sd ?kj eas
laidZ djus dh lkFk es vkaxuckM+h f'kf{kdk dh lgk;rk yh xbZA muds lkFk cSBdj iwjh ;kstuk
cukbZ xbZ] vkSj xk¡o&xk¡o ?kj&?kj tkdj yksxksa dks f'k{kk ds çfr tkx:d fd;k x;kA leqnk;
dks fo'okl fnyk;k x;k fd ;fn vki vius cPpksa dk ukekadu bl fo|ky; eas djrs gSa rks esjh
ftEesnkjh gS vkidks csgrj fjtYV fnyokus dhA vkidks o"kZ ds 'kq#vkrh fnuksa es crk;k tk,xk
fd vkidk cPpk dgk¡ ij gS] og D;k&D;k tkurk gSA çR;sd cPps ds ckjs es eghus ds var esa
crk;k tk,xk fd bl cPps esa fdl çdkj dk cnyko vk;k gS rFkk vkus okys eghus esa fdl ij
dke djus dh t:jr gSA bl çdkj dk oknk leqnk; ds lkFk fd;k x;k] blesa ,d loky
çR;sd vfHkHkkod ls vk jgk Fkk fd çkbosV Ldwy ds f'k{kd T;knk esgur djrs gSa ogk¡ vPNh
i<+kbZ gksrh gS\
lj us viuh ckrphr esa crk;k fd bldk mÙkj rks ugha ns ldrk Fkk fdUrq eaSus dgk fd bl
fo|ky; esa vkus ls igys eaSus foosdkuan çkbosV fo|ky; esa i<+k;k gSA eq>s irk gS fd çkbosV
fo|ky; esa fdl çdkj dh i<+kbZ gksrh gS] vki yksxksa dks ,d ckr le>uh iM+sxh ge ogh f'k{kd
gSa tks çkbosV fo|ky; esa i<+k pqds gSa vkSj vkt ge ogh ljdkjh fo|ky; eas i<+k jgs gSaA
leqnk; dks FkksM+k fo'okl gqvk vkSj muds fo'okl dks dk;e j[kuk vc esjh ftEesnkjh cu xbZ
FkhA 2017 esa ;gk¡ ij cPpksa dh la[;k 11 ls c<+dj 46 gks xbZA f'k{kd çR;sd cPps dh ftEesnkjh
ysus yxsA çR;sd cPps ds ckjs fy[kuk 'kq: dj fn;kA eghus ds var eas vfHkHkkodksa ds lkFk cPpksa
ds lh[ks gq, dks lk>k fd;kA cPps dSls lh[krs gSa\ bldk fooj.k vfHkHkkodksa dks crk;k x;kA
/khjs&/khjs leqnk; dk fo'okl c<+us yxkA oSls rks f'k{kk eas çfr;ksfxrk djuk udkjkRed gS
fdUrq ;fn yksxksa dk bl ckr ij fo'okl gS fd çfr;ksfxrk gksuh pkfg, vkSj ljdkjh fo|ky;
dh vis{kk çkbosV fo|ky; dkQh csgrj gSaA vkt gekjh çfr;ksfxrk çkbosV fo|ky; ls gSA

leqnk; dks fo'okl fnyk;k x;k
;fn gekjh ;ksX;rk vU; fo|ky;
ls de jgh rks vki viuh ethZ ls
vius cPpksa dk ukekadu fdlh Hkh
fo|ky; esa djok ldrs gSa blds
fy, ge vkidks dHkh ugh jksdsaxsA
fdUrq ,d ckj vkidks gesa ;g
ekSdk nsuk iM+sxkA f'k{kd
fo|ky; tkrs gq, ;k Nqêh ds ckn
?kj vkrs gq, vfHkHkkodksa ls feyrs
gSaA cPpksa ds ckjs eas ckrphr djrs
gSa vkt fLFkfr bl çdkj gS fd& tSls gh Ldwy dh Nqêh gksrh gS oSls gh vfHkHkkod vius ?kj ls
ckgj fudy tkrs gSa vkSj vius cPpksa ds ckjs es ppkZ djrs gSaA Nqêh ds ckn Hkh f'k{kdksa dks
vfHkHkkodksa ls ckrphr djus es dkQh le; yxrk gSA dHkh&dHkh rks ,d ?kaVs ls vf/kd le;
yx tkrk gSA bl lc çfØ;k es vkaxuckM+h dh f'kf{kdk us esjh cgqr lgk;rk dhA ;fn mudh
enn ugha feyrh rks vkt eSa vius dke dks brus vPNs rjhds ls ugha dj ikrkA Nqêh ds ckn
ftruk vfrfjä le; eS cPpksa ds lkFk fo|ky; eas jgrk Fkk mruk gh le; os Hkh fo|ky; eas
#drh vkSj cPpksa ds i<+us&fy[kus esa enn djrhA vkt vkaxuckM+h f'kf{kdk dk mís'; Hkh cPpksa
dk Hkfo"; laokjuk cu x;k gSA
mUgksaus us 2017 es okf"kZd mRlo j[kk ftlesa fofHkUu yksxksa dks vkeaf=r fd;k x;k rFkk leqnk;
ds yksxksa dks cqyk;k x;kA cPpksa us fofHkUu dk;ZØe çLrqr fd,] Lora= :i ls viuh ckr dks
yksxksa ds lkeus j[kkA leqnk; dks vPNk yxk fd muds cPps brus yksxksa ds lkeus viuh ckr
j[k ik jgs gSaA brus nwjLFk xk¡o esa ;s cPps brus fo'okl ds lkFk viuh ckr dg ik jgs gSa ;s
fdlh miyfC/k ls de ugha FkkA bu cPpksa dks ns[kdj esjh vk¡[ksa Nyd iM+h 'kk;n esjk mís';
iwjk gks jgk Fkk bu uUgsa cPpksa ds fy, tks liuk eSus ns[kk Fkk mldks vius lkeus iwjk gksrs gq,
ns[kuk esjs fy, cgqr cM+h miyfC/k FkhA ,d f'k{kd ds fy, blls ls c<+dj D;k migkj gks
ldrk gS fd mlds cPps viuh ckr dg ik jgs gSaA bl xk¡o es dqN gh le; igys lM+d cuh gS
dqN cPpksa dks rks ;g Hkh irk ugh Fkk dh lM+d ij xkM+h dSls pyrh gS] ;k xkM+h D;k gksrh gSA
okf"kZd mRlo ds fnu eSaus vfrfFk;ksa ,ao leqnk; ds yksxksa ds lkeus çR;sd cPps ds ckjs eas viuk
fy[kk gqvk fjd‚MZ çLrqr fd;k] ftles Fkk fd cPpk tc fo|ky; es vk;k Fkk rks og dSlk Fkk
vkSj dqN le; ds mijkar cPps esa D;k cnyko vk;kA ,d lky eas cPps us D;k&D;k lh[kk gSA
bl ckr ls leqnk; dkQh çHkkfor gqvk vkSj 2018 'kS{kf.kd l= esa vfHkHkkodksa us vius cPpksa dk
çkbosV Ldwy ls fudkydj bl fo|ky; esa ukekadu fd;kA djhc 35 cPpksa dk bl l= eas

ukekadu fd;k x;kA fo|ky; eas
vc Nk=@Nk=k la[;k 46 gks
xbZA ,dy gksus ds dkj.k
yxkrkj vkaxuckM+h f'kf{kdk dk
lg;ksx feyrk jgk vkSj
lh[ku&fl[kkus dh çfØ;k
csgrj gksrh xbZA lHkh cPpksa ds
ikl O;fäxr :i ls tkuk gksrk
gSA ;g dkQh cM+h pqukSrh gksrh
gS] fdUrq Nqêh ds ckn Hkh
vfrfjä le; bu cPpksa dks
fn;k tkrk gSA cPps le;≤ ij gksus okyh Cy‚d Lrjh; o tuin Lrjh; çfr;ksfxrk esa
çfrHkkx djrs gSa vkSj gj ckj çFke o f}rh; LFkku izkIr djrs gSaA
l= 2018 eas mUgksaus us leqnk; dh enn ls cPpksa ds lkFk feydj fofHkUu fo"k;ksa ij tkudkjh
,d= dh rkfd vfHkHkkodksa dks irk gks fd cPpksa ds lh[kus&fl[kkus esa mudh Hkwfedk o muds
vuqHko fdrus egRoiw.kZ gSaA ;fn og [kqn dks i<+k&fy[kk ugha ekurs gSa rks bldk eryc ;g
ugha gS fd og f'k{kk esa ;ksxnku ugha ns ldrs gSaA muds vuqHko cPpksa ds lh[kus esa ennxkj
lkfcr gksaxsA cPpksa ds lkFk feydj fofHkUu fo"k;ksa dh tkudkjh dk fo'ys"k.k fd;kA mls
O;ofLFkr fd;k vkSj ,d fnu ^cky esys* dk vk;kstu fd;k ftlesa leqnk; ds yksxksa dks cqyk;k
x;k mudks crk;k x;k fd cPpksa ds lh[kus&fl[kkus dh çfØ;k esa mudh Hkwfedk fdruh
egRoiw.kZ gSA
leqnk; dks dkQh vPNk yxk tc cPpksa us crk;k fd vkids }kjk çkIr tkudkjh dks geus pkVZ
ds bl dksus ij fy[kk gSA leqnk; dks fo|ky; ls dSls tksM+ ldrs gSa] bldk ,d mnkgj.k ;gk¡
ns[kus dks feyrk gSA os ,dy f'k{kd gksus ds dkj.k çf'k{k.k esa çfrHkkx ugha dj ikrs gSa fdUrq
,d nwljs f'k{kd dh lgk;rk ls viMsV gksus dk mUgsa ekSdk feyk gSA f'k{kd] f'kf{kdk o
leqnk; dh dfBu esgur o yxu ds dkj.k ;gka ij cPpksa dh la[;k 48 gks xbZ gSA cPps
iqLrdky; esa vius ilan dh fdrkcsa] dgkfu;ka] dfork,a i<+rs gSa] lewg eas dk;Z djrs gq, lh[krs
gSaA fo|ky; esa cPpksa ds fy, ihus ds fy, ikuh ,ao cSBus ds fy, dqN d{kk&d{k gSa tks dkQh
O;ofLFkr ,ao vkd"kZd gSaA xzh"edkyhu ,oa 'khrdkyhu vodk'k eas cPpksa ds lh[kus&fl[kkus ds
fy, dSEi dk vk;kstu fd;k tkrk gS] Nqêh ds ckn vfrfjä d{kk,a lapkfyr dh tkrh gSaA
^^tc ls oa'kh/kj lj vk, gSa rc ls gekjs cPpksa eas cgqr cnyko gq;s gSa] muds vkus ls fo|ky; dk
ekgkSy gh cny x;k gSA f'k{kd dkQh esgurh gSa eu yxkdj dke djrs gSaA tc Hkh xk¡o es dksbZ
lekjksg gksrk gS mleas f'k{kd çfrHkkx djrs gSaA vius thou dky eas brus esgurh f'k{kd geus
de ns[ks gSaA okLro esa f'k{kd D;k vkSj dkSu gksrk gS ;g gesa oa'kh/kj th ls lh[kus dks feykA
tSls gekjs cPps bl fo|ky; esa lh[k jgs gSa oSls çkbosV fo|ky; esa ugha lh[k ldrs gSaA
& fxfj flag mik/;k;] vfHkHkkod
oa'kh/kj th dk f'k{kd dk dke djus dk rjhdk vU; f'k{kdksa ls FkksM+k vyx gS vkSj bldk
vyx gksus dk dkj.k ;g gS fd tc Hkh dksbZ cPpk bl fo|ky; esa ços'k ysrk gS rks f'k{kd mlds
ifjokj] ekrk&firk o mlds cpiu ds ckjs es iwjk fjd‚MZ fy[krs gSa] dgk¡ ij cPps dks lgk;rk
dh t:jr gS] fdu&fdu i{kksa ij dke djus dh t:jr gSA blds ckn bu eqíksa ij ;kstuk
cukbZ tkrh gS vkSj og fjd‚MZ vkidks nhokj ij dgha Vaxk gqvk fey tk,xkA tc cPpksa ds lkFk
;kstuk ds vuqlkj dke fd;k tkrk gS rks mldh izksxzsl fjiksVZ cukbZ tkrh gSA mudk O;fäRo
lgt gS] cPpksa ds lkFk fe=or O;ogkj gS] leqnk; ds lkFk dkQh ?kfu"B laca/k gSa tks mudk
etcwr i{k gS vkSj ;g ckrsa mudks vU; f'k{kdksa ls vyx djrh gSaA mudh esgur dk ifj.kke
jgk fd bl nwjLFk fo|ky; ds cPps fofHkUu CykWd Lrjh; çfr;ksfxrkvksa es çFke ,ao f}rh;
LFkku ij vkrs gSaA cPpksa dh la[;k dkQh c<+h gSA igys dh vis{kk vkt Ldwy dh O;oLFkk ,ao
cPpksa es dkQh cnyko vk;k gSA
&gse yksgkuh] ch-vkj-ih-
¼oa'kh/kj tks'kh dh eheka'kk xksfn;ky ls gqbZ ckrphr ij vk/kkfjr½













         





ujs@azimpremjifoundation.org
#
https://azimpremjifoundation.org/foundation-publication
ji
Azim Prem
Fou nda tion
mÙkjk[k.M %
k{kd & 3
mEehn txkrs f'
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Towards a just, equitable, humane and sustainable society

उम्मीद जगाते शिक्षक 6 फ़रवरी 2020

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उम्मीद जगाते शिक्षक 6 फ़रवरी 2020

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RNI No.

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