Analogue and digital instruments exist to contribute to measurement.

Provide
the glossary for the following terms:

1. Accuracy- The closeness of an indication or reading of a measurement device to

the actual value of the quantity being measured. Usually expressed as ± percent
of full scale output or reading.

2. Amplification- A type of signal conditioning that makes the signal larger to

use more of the available range.

3. Calibration- The process of adjusting an instrument or compiling a deviation chart

so that its reading can be correlated to the actual value being measured.

4. Drift- A change of a reading or a set point value over long periods due to several
factors including change in ambient temperature, time, and line voltage.

5. Linearity- The closeness of a calibration curve to a specified straight line.

Linearity is expressed as the maximum deviation of any calibration point on a
Specified Straight line during any one calibration cycle.

6. Magnification- The enlargement of an object through the lens system. This is

determined by multiplying the magnifying power of the objective by the eyepiece.

7. Precision- The quality of being exactly defined.

8. Repeat accuracy- A measurement of accuracy that indicates if similar results can

be obtained for the same input value. Also called the repeatability. The repeat
accuracy is different from the accuracy that indicates if a result near the true value
can be obtained.

9. Resolution- The smallest detectable increment of measurement. Resolution is

usually limited by the number of bits used to quantize the input signal.

10.Rule of 10- The discrimination (resolution) of the measuring instrument should

divide the tolerance of the characteristic to be measured into ten parts.

11.Sensitivity- The minimum change in input signal to which an instrument can

respond.

12.Speed of response- The ratio of output current (in Amperes) to input light power
(in Watts). It is a constant in the dynamic range, at a given wavelength. (also
known as sensitivity).

13.Stability- The ability of an instrument or sensor to maintain a consistent output

when a constant input is applied.

Common quantities and geometric features:

1. Length- Distance measurement from end to end; in a rectangular shape,
length can be used to describe any of the four sides.

2. Diameter- A line segment that passes through the center of a circle or

sphere and has endpoints on the circle or sphere.

3. Roundness- How close an object should be to a true circle.

4. Depth- Distance from the top or surface to the bottom of something.

5. Straightness- Surface Straightness is a tolerance that controls the form

of a line somewhere on the surface or the feature. Axis Straightness is a
tolerance that controls how much curve is allowed in the part’s axis. This is
usually called out with an included call to maximum material condition.

6. Flatness- How flat a surface is regardless of any other datum’s or

features.

7. Parallelism- Surface Parallelism is a tolerance that controls parallelism

between two surfaces or features. Axis Parallelism is a tolerance that
controls how parallel a specific parts central axis needs to be a datum
plane or axis.

8. Perpendicularity- Surface Perpendicularity is a tolerance that controls

Perpendicularity between two 90° surfaces, or features. Axis
Perpendicularity is a tolerance that controls how perpendicular a specific
axis needs to be to a datum.

9. Angles- A figure formed by two rays or two line segments with a

common endpoint called the vertex of the angle.

10. Profile- A 3-Dimensional tolerance zone around a surface, usually which

is an advanced curve or shape.