|2.

49
:$Y by
taileheal egial
to Laill
be
plan nthoizo
a chard
of eLynomit aeo Mean
12,49m Su
Si3
area'Planfoxm
ylO54m
HanizonBal
tail )m= momnt tail Veica
desiqo Aail
LATIONS: CALCUI
 1O.32

ARy R.52
 Parameters Horizontal Tail VerticalTail
Sr.
No.
Specification Specification
Tail Type Conventional Aft Conventional Aft
tail tail
Wing reference area (S) 11.71 m? 12.49 m

Airfoil NACA 0009 NACA 0009

3
Aspect ratio 7.95 8.52
4
Taper ratio 1 11

Root chord 1.21 m 1.21 m

6

|Mean aerodynamic chord 1.21 m 1.21 m

9.64 m 10.32 m
Span
8
Volume coefficient 0.9 0.08

Moment arm 10.54 m 10.54 m

10
 C,759 m
Trea

U,200 kg/

hord
,l00°
13.000
aes sti 1.000
 TASK 6:
61Design Specification FUSELAGE DESIGN
Crew
2+2
Passengers |72
Range (nm) 809
Vcr (kts) 113
Table-1 Design specifications
Table-1 shows the design requirements for the aircraft. It is clear
that thepassenger aircraft is a tier 3 cities aircraft with capacity of
72 passengers. Conceptual aircraft of this assignment is having
range of 1500NM and passenger capacity of 72. This aircraft flies at
cruise altitude of 7600ft with the cruise speed of 113 knots and
Service ceiling of 25000 ft. The takeoff and landing distance
requirements are 4484 ft and 4365 ft respectively. These brief
specifications give an idea about the size and shape requirements
of the aircraft.

0.2 Passenger requirements:

6.2.1 Seating arrangements the upmost
For the passengers is
of the
airliner the Comfortlargely number of
depends on the
priority. The fuselage sizing
arrangements as well as the cargo
here is a short
passengers,
requirements.
the seating
aircraft considered
The Conceptual capacity of 72 passengers.
range passenger aircraft withthe
62.2 Seat dimensions
seat size
size depends on the airline operator. The
The passenger
arion regulatory authority has specified minimum aisle width of
15in and 20 in respectively below and above the reference height
of 25 in above the floor. Correspondingly based on reference
aircraft and literature data following specifications are selected for
seating.
Aisle Height.

Headroom

Aisle
Width

Seat Pitch
 Cabin Dimension for economy
Sr. parameter class (cm)
No. Seat width 44 cm
|Seat pitch 78.74 cm
Headroom 190.5 cm
Aisle width 47 cm
191 cm
5
Aisle height
No. of Lavatory 1
6
No. of galley 1
7
requirements
Table-3 passenger compartment
dimensions such as length and width is decided
The cabin a
number of rows of the seats and numbers of seatsin
from
row.

Cabin Length:
by multiplying number of rows
The cabin length is calculated
and pitch of the seats,
economy class Xseat pitch in economy class) +
LCe = (number of rows in
(Lavatory length) +(gallery length)
91) + (1 x 91) = 1599.32 cm
Lce = (18 x 78.74) + (1 x
Where;
cabin
Lce = Lengthof economyclass

Cabin Width: seats abreast, seat width.

function of
Ine cabin width is the its width.
the number of aisles and
WC =nS WS + nA : WA
WC =(4 x 44) + (1 x 47) = 223 cm
6.3 Cargo Requirements
Although passenger
seating is the main
designer of a passenger
also needs to be jet aircraft, the concern for the
provided with sufficient cargo
volume compartment
accommodate the luggage carried by the in-order to
crew members. The
airline allows passengers and the
two bags with a passengers to check in with
0.146 m'. Thus maximum weight of 15+2 kg and volume of
the total volume can be
maximum luggage with maximum estimated for
combined. To carry the cargo and passenger passengers and crew
and maintain the center of
mass as well as the baggage safely
aircraft are equipped with cargo containers and volume the
this design LD2 category cargo pellets. For
have 3.3 m² containers are selected which
volume.
Vc= nt × Vb

Ve = 2 x (68 + 4) x 0.146 = 21.024 m3

n= 21.024/3.3 = 6.37 =7

where,
Ve= totalvolume required
Vb= volume of a beg
n= Number of containers required.
6.4 Aerodynamic considerations
6.4.1 Fineness ratio
ratio of fuselage's maximum diameter to the length is
The
the shape of
known as the fineness ratio. This ratio decides aerodynamic
the aircraft and it also affects the overall
the
performance of the aircraft. For the subsonic aircrafts
drag is the combination of friction drag and pressure drag.
with
Fig.2 shows the variation of overall drag coefficient
respect to fineness ratio. It is clearfrom the diagram that the
optimum fineness ratio is 0.3 but it is not practically feasible
use this fineness ratio. Most of the commercial aircraft are
the
using fineness ratio in the range of 0.08 to 0.125. From
reference aircraft data the fineness ratio of this conceptual
aircraft is taken as 0.10.

Coo

Co
CF
0.8 1.0
0.2 0.4 0.6
dil
 Fuselage maximum
Length: diameter (D) and Fuselage
Considering the ccabin width as
thickness of the fuselage calculated earlier and taking
equals to 10.16 cm (4 inch)
It can be estimated as.
Marimum diameter (Df) = cabin width + fuselage thickness
=223+10.16 = 233.6cm =2.33 m
Fuselage Length=the maximum diameter/ 0.1
=(233.6/0.1) = 2331.6 cm =23.31 m
Nose cone length: 3.5 m

Rear cone length: 5.16 m

Interior Diameter of the fuselage

Aisle Width)m + 2*0.025m = 1.396 m
DE,I =(2 * Bench width +

Fuselage rear Section: clearance at the

provides ground
section
The aircraft rear
smoothly reducesthe cabin
time of takeoffand
Zero to minimize the drag.
and the
approximately 5.265 m
rear cone is
The length ofthe
diameter is 2.33 m.
Thus, thecone angle

tan - 1(1. 165 / 3. 26 ) = 12.

40

Thecalculated cone angle is higher than the maximum cone

angle.
Forthis design of aircraft the cone angle is taken 20 degrees
the
and the length of the rear fuselage is extendedIaccordingly.
The length of rear fuselage is 1.165 / tan 20 =3.65 I m

Upsweep angle: the upsweep angle is selected 17 degree

6.6 Fuselage Surface Area:

Considering fuselage cabin as cylindrical body, the wetted
area can be calculated as -

Sc = 2[lr2 + 2I1rL

Sc= 124.850 m?

wetted area can be

Considering nose cone as conical body, the
calculated as;
SN = 35.227 m
body, the wetted area
Considering rear fuselage as conical
can be calculated as;
Sr = 47,0062 m'

207.077 m²
will beS =
Thus the Fuselage Surface area
Susclaqe Desiqn:
Velume (onlainer 12+ 1G
Passenqe
Cae embea
:12
laiahdo bas
16 x(s 12)
12 92g
We: ni x Vo
2x(12+4)XoJuc
22.14 2 m3

n 22,19 2 G12
3,3

1Aanimnum
Cabin wilth.
( no of SeLh aleast)
le: ns We nnxn
C4z ) CIx4 5-1) 223.1

whee

no.ofoisles
Max huselaqe cliamdo
cabin oiclh fuselaqe thick oe

233, m

Maximum
Sulage angh
diame
O.I
2,33 =23. 3Em

ipcne ss Raio!
233
23.23G

Nose cone
(standad
Rearr cone 5.2 6 m (caleualec
BG05 42
kerosene
4,50 G

= 4.50G X 0,1 *22.)92

25.34
 2
4
7x(2.33)

33.81

\Wcone
3 3.84 - 25.3
8.55

\2

le

2.33lz.
5.2C

2.3312
4an2o

+ s. q
3,20 +_526

2 4.3.
 24.36 - o . 45 n
2.33
D2 2.33)2
ton(aus) ton7
lus 3.310

2
2 7
2 %3.1ux1.163)+ 22nx.)3
34.03

Cabin fassaqe.
24. 85038

Renx Cone
2nT+ 20Txtear one
SR
3.5 23+7.31C2 X5.2 c lengh
41.00G 2
6.7 Number of doors:
one
As per FAR 23, each closed cabin must have at least
adequate and easily accessible exit door along with
emergency exits 3), Therefor 2 exit doors and 2 emergency
floor-level
exit. Type A doors willbe employed. This type is42ain. wide by
than
exit with a rectangular opening of not less
72 in. high, with corner radiinot greater than 7
in.
 .
Following are the final calculations of
fuselage design:
Sr no.
Parameters Values
Cabin length 1S.9 m
2 Cabin width 2.33m
3 Volume Container 21.024 m'
4 Number of Containers 7

5 Maximum Fuselage Diameter 2.336 m

6 Maximum Fuselage Length 24.81m

7 Total Surface Area 207.077m

FUSELAGE DESIGN : TOP VIEW AND SIDE
VIEW
 24038 60

1837363
1507 31

21020 B0

1590C.0G