VOLLEYBALL POSITIONS

 FRONT ROW- Right Hitter, Middle Hitter,

HISTORY
Opposite
 Founded in 1895 by WILLIAM G. MORGAN
 First Official Game in 1896 at YMCA  BACK ROW - Setter, Middle Blocker,
 Volleyball was then accepted to Olympics Outside hitter, Libero
 Indoor - 1964
 Outdoor - 1996

SCORING AND GAME PLAY

 Scoring - Rally System
 25 points - finishing score, WINNING BY 2
BEST OUT OF 5
 Game play - 6 players on each team
 Each team only gets 3 hits hits each rally

BASIC RULES
 Two teams of 6 players separated by a NET;
 Players may touch the ball three times;
 Matches are best-of-five;
TEAM 1ST set 2ND set 3rd set 4th set 5th set
S
A 25 21 23 27 15
B 20 25 25 25 13

THE COURT
 Game play rotation is CLOCKWISE
TIME OUTS AND SUBS driven by a spike into the opponent’s court.
The setter coordinates the offensive
 Teams get one time out per game - give about
movements of a team, and is the player who
30 seonds.
ultimately decides which player will actually
attack the ball.
 Substitutions may enter at any dead ball once
they are waved on by an official.
BLOCK / BLOCKING -refers to the actions
taken by players standing at the net to stop or
alter an opponent’s attack.

- A block that is aimed at completely stopping

an attack, thus making the ball remain in the
opponent’s court, is called OFFENSIVE. A well-
executed offensive block is performed is
performed by jumping and reaching to penetrate
with one’s arms and hands over the net and into
the opponent’s area. The jumped should be
timed so as to intercept the ball’s trajectory prior
to it crossing over the net. Palms are held
deflected downward about 45-60 degrees
toward the interior of the opponent’s court. A
roof is a spectacular offensive block that
redirects the power and speed of the attack
straight down to the attacker’s floor, as if the
attacker hit the ball into the underside of a
peaked house roof.

 Blocking a ball that is entirely on the

OUT OF BOUNDS
 The ball is out of bounds and becomes dead
when it:
- Touches the wall or ceiling
- Touches the floor
- Touches the nest antennas, the net outside the
antennas, or does not pass between the
antennas when going over the net
- Touches a non-player or one of the referees
 opponent’s side of the net is legal as long as
the:
 - Team has completed their attack
 - Team directs the ball toward the
opponent’s side (referees judgement)
- Ball is falling near the net and no
member of the attacking team (referees
judgement)
 A serve cannot be blocked.
 The ball may be attacked as soon as it is
partially over the net (except on a serve)

SKILLS DIG - is the ability to prevent the ball from

touching one’s court after a spike, particularly a
-Set ball that is nearly touching the ground. In many
-Block aspects, this skill is similar to passing, or
-Dig bumping: overhand dig and bump are also used
-Pass to distinguish between defensive actions taken
-Spike with fingertips or with joined arms.
-Serve - Underhand
- Jump Some specific techniques are more common in
- Float digging than in passing. A player may sometimes
perform “dive”, i.e., he throws his body in the air with
SET - is usually the second contact a team a forward movement in an attempt to save the ball,
makes with the ball. The main goal of setting and lands on his chest. When he also slides his hand
is to ball in the air in such a way that it can be
under a ball that is almost touching the court, this is  FLOATER - an overhand serve where the
called a “pancake”. ball is hit with no spin so the its path
becomes unpredictable. Can be
 Sometimes a player may also be forced to drop his administered while jumping or standing.
body quickly to the floor in order to save the ball. In
this situation he makes use of a specific rolling SERVE
technique to minimize the chances of injuries.
SERVER - is the player in the back, right
PASS - also called RECEPTION, the pass is the position.
attempt by a team to properly handle the opponent’s  Ball will be hit with one hand, fist, or arm

serve or “free ball”. Proper handling includes not only while the ball is held or thrown by the server
preventing the ball from touching the court, but also (change from last year).
making it reach the position where the setter is  Must be completely behind the serving
standing quickly and precisely. area.
 Server is allowed one reserve during

 The skill of passing involves fundamentally two their term of service.

techniques: underarm pass, or bump (“bacher” in  The ball hit may hit the net provided it

European terminology) where the ball touches the continues onto the opponent’s court.
inside part of the joined forearm, at waist line; and
overhand pass, where it is handled with the fingertips OK TO SERVE SIGNAL
above the head.

SPIKE - the spike or “attack” is usually the third

contact a team makes with the ball. The object of
spiking is to handle the ball so that it lands on the
opponent’s court and cannot be defended. A player
makes a series of steps (the “approach”), jumps and
then projects his body forward, thus transferring its
kinetic energy to the ball when contact is made.

SERVE - a player stands behind the baseline and hits

the ball, in an attempt to drive it into the opponent’s
court. The main objective it to make it an inside the
court; it is also desirable to set the balls direction,
speed and acceleration so that it becomes difficult for
ILLEGAL SERVICE
the receiver to handle it properly. A serve is called an
A serve is illegal when the server:
“ace” when the ball lands directly onto the court or
- Hits the ball illegally
travels outside after being touched by an opponent
- Is touching the end line
- Is out of serving order
In contemporary volleyball, many types of serves:
- Does not serve within 5 seconds of
whistle
 UNDERHAND AND OVER HAND SERVE - refers
- Attempts to use more than one serve
to whether the player strikes the ball from below, at
waist level, or first tosses the ball in the air and then
 PENALTY - POINT AND SIDE OUT
hits it above shoulder level. Underhand serve is
considered very easy to receive and is not generally
ILLEGAL SERVICE SIGNAL
employed in international competitions.

 JUMP SERVE - an overhand serve where the ball is

first tossed high in the air, then the player makes
timed approach and jumps to make contact with the
ball. This is the most popular serve among college
and professional teams.
SERVICE FAULTS
 A served ball becomes a service fault when it:

-Touches the net , server’s teammates, or passes

under the nest
- Touches the ceiling, does not pass through
antennas, or lands out of bounds
 When receiving team is out of position and the
ball is served illegally, the serving team is
penalized.
 When the receiving team is out of position and a
service fault occurs, the receiving team is
penalized.
CONTACTING THE BALL
 Legal contact - is a touch of the ball by a
player’s body does not allow the ball to visibly
come to rest or involve prolonged contact.
 Joust - When two opposing players make
contact with the ball simultaneously causing
the ball to stop.
 Multiple contact - More than one contact by
a player during ONE ATTEMPT at the ball.

DELAY OF SERVICE SIGNAL  Simultaneous contact - Contact by

teammates simultaneously. Any player may
make the next hit.

MORE THAN 3 HITS SIGNAL

LIVE AND DEAD BALLS

 The ball becomes live the moment it is legally

served.

 The ball is dead when:

- It is grounded
 Successive contacts - Two or more attempts
- It lands or becomes out of bound
at the ball by the same player without the ball
- Ball or PLAYER breaks the plane of a non-
being contacted by another player. - (illegal)
playing area.
- Player commits a FOUL.
 PENALTY FOR ILLEGAL CONTACT - Point
and Side Out
OUT OF BOUNDS SIGNAL
NET PLAY
 The ball contact the net and play will

continue
  Players may not contact a ball that is -Player unintentionally serves before signaled
completely on the opponents side , to.
except for a legal block. - Live Ball, Double foul occurs.
 To call a foot fault, the guilty player - Conflicting calls that cannot be resolved.

must have foot or hand COMPLETELY - Ball becomes dead in the net inside the
over the line. antennas or an overhead obstruction over
playable area.
 NET FOUL - Any time a player contacts the - When a player is interfered with by any non-
net, or another player, while the ball is live, it player in a playable area.
is a penalty. - Foreign object enters the court (another ball or
Exception: (When the ball moves the net player from a different court)
into a player. - Ball hits a backboard or supports in a
vertical position AND the offcial
FOULS believes the ball would have been
good.
DOUBLE FOULS - Occur when
opposing players commit violations at
the same time.

DOUBLE HIT - Successive or multiple

hits by one player

Foot Fault - Players crosses

completely over the service or center
line.

Penalties:
Single Foul - point and side out

Live Ball, Double Foul - replay

Dead Ball, Double Foul - both

penalties accessed Teams receive
point and rotate

DOUBLE FOUL SIGNAL

REPLAYS
 Replay is awarded when:
- An inadvervent official’s whistle interrupts
play.