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Aeb021104 - Automotive and Bus SCR - Controls NS4
Aeb021104 - Automotive and Bus SCR - Controls NS4
Engineering
Bulletin
Subject This AEB is for the following applications:
Automotive and Bus Selective
Catalytic Reduction Controls Automotive Industrial Marine
Interface Requirements - Euro 4/5 /
China Stage 4 / Conama P7 G-Drive Genset
Filtration Emissions Solution
Date: January 25, 2012 Refer to AEB 9.01 for Safety Practices, AEB Number 21.104
Guidelines and Procedures
Engine Models included: ISF 2.8 / 3.8 Euro 4/5 / China Stage 4 / Conama P7
This AEB outlines the main SCR system components and the known Cummins Inc. requirements for application
in on-highway truck and bus. This AEB contains information that Cummins Inc. has learned during development
to date. Revisions to this bulletin are anticipated as experience is gained. This bulletin should be used by the
OEM to assist in vehicle design but is not a substitute for validation of individual vehicle applications of the SCR
system.
Overview
The purpose of this document is to provide application guidelines for integrating a Selective Catalytic Reduction
(SCR) system with the Cummins Inc., European Union, China, and Brazil products. These guidelines focus on
SCR control system requirements for proper system operation, engine diagnostic operation, and compliance
with regulations specific to the ISF 2.8 / 3.8 applications.
Additional information related to the mechanical installation of the SCR aftertreatment system may be found in
Cummins Inc., Application Engineering Bulletin 21.103 titled: Automotive and Bus Selective Catalytic Reduction
Installation Requirements.
Cummins Acronyms
1. Installation Requirements
In order to receive Cummins Inc. approval of the Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) system, the installation
must meet the following requirements.
• The Dosing Control Unit connector must not be connected or disconnected while the unit is actively
powered.
• OEM must meet electrical requirements of DCU as defined within Table 5.
• OEM must procure a wiring harness to connect the Dosing System including the Dosing Control Unit,
Supply Module, Dosing Module, line heaters, coolant valve, battery, key switch, ground, J1939 and tank
sensors.
• DCU must not be exposed to temperatures greater than 85 °C.
• If a battery disconnect is used in the vehicle, then provisions must be made to allow DCU to receive
power during “standby phase,” and purge cycle even when disconnect is deployed.
• DCU must not be grounded to the engine block stud.
• Vehicle (In-cab) must be equipped with urea level gauge and urea lamp to indicate low urea level.
• Urea level gauge and urea lamp must be continuously visible to the operator.
• OEM must document (print) on the urea level gauge and/or urea Tank the values (percentages) for low
urea warnings and inducements that the ECM is programmed/trimmed to for that particular vehicle.
• Hydraulic urea lines (Pressure, Suction, and Throttle Lines) must not exceed maximum lengths outlined
in AEB 21.103.
• It is the OEM’s responsibility to ensure that the vehicle is properly equipped to meet the needs and
expectations of territory in which it will operate therefore the OEM must provide suitable Pressure,
Suction, and Backflow Line heating equipment to ensure vehicle acceptance for all seasons.
• For ISF applications the OEM must provide an ambient air temperature signal to within +/- 10 °C in order
for the SCR heating control to operate. For further information on requirements please see AEB 15.100,
CM2220 Electronic Subsystem Technical Package - OEM Components.
• Selective Catalyst Reduction (SCR) connectors must not be subjected to temperatures greater than
125°C.
• All unpopulated connector cavities must be fitted with a proper sized sealing plug to prevent dirt and
moisture intrusion.
• OEM must meet electrical requirements of NOx sensor as defined within Table 5.
• NOx sensor ECU and connectors must not be subjected to temperatures greater than 85 °C.
• NOx sensor wiring must not be subjected to temperatures greater than 200 °C.
• NOx sensor wiring must not be modified.
• NOx sensor must not be grounded to engine block stud.
2. Introduction
The SCR control algorithm is embedded within the engine Electronic Control Module (ECM). The ECM and
DCU receive electrical signals and J1939 datalink messages from sensors and SCR system components.
Signals received by the ECM include: catalyst inlet and outlet temperature, key switch, NOx sensor and DCU.
Signals received by the DCU include: key switch, tank temperature, urea dosing rate requests and tank level.
3. Discussion
3.1. General
The SCR aftertreatment system determines and commands dosing rates for current engine operating conditions
to reduce tailpipe emissions levels. Diagnostics will prevent the dosing pump from operating when the pump
detects it is too cold for it to operate and when the urea tank temperature indicates that the urea supply is
frozen.
The OEM supplied components are the responsibility of the OEM to implement and install, however Cummins
Inc will work with OEM’s to integrate these components into their vehicle systems – See Figure 1 and table
below for more details:
Purging starts at key-off and is completed in 60 seconds. Power must be available to the DCU for at least 60
seconds after key-off to ensure that purging is completed. During service events battery must not be
disconnected for at least 60 seconds after key-off.
The urea tank coolant control valve and line heating are managed by two heating strategies: Defrost and
Maintenance Control.
Reference temperature: 25 °C
Reference resistance value: 500 Ohm
Reference tolerance: 5 %
B25/85 value: 3194 K
B25/85 value tolerance: 1.0 %
1. The sensor must be able to detect, at a minimum, a tank level change of 10%.
2. The level sensor should indicate 100% when the tank is fully filled.
3. The urea tank supply tube must extend below the level sensor, 0% fluid level indication.
4. Legislation requires vehicles to be equipped with a urea tank level indication. The DCU does not
directly provide a driver for this gauge. It will broadcast tank level information to allow the vehicle
manufacturer to meet this requirement.
5. European legislation requires an indication for both low and empty urea tank level detection. As part of
CES controls a low level warning will be triggered at 12% and empty a 6%.
6. Resistor steps for the level sensor should provide equidistance voltage steps from empty to full.
Further information on physical tank requirements can be found in AEB 21.103, Automotive and Bus Selective
Catalytic Reduction Installation Requirements.
Urea Tank
Level Voltage
% DCV
Out of Range High >4.5
0 4.00
100 0.50
Out of Range Low <0.25
1. The available power supply is 5 VDC +/- 0.10 volts. Maximum current draw shall not exceed 150 mA.
2. A loss of power or ground to the sensor shall result in an out-of-range value.
For information specific to in-Cab warning lamp audible alerts, please reference CM2220 Electronic
Subsystem Technical Package - Serial Communications (AEB 15.103). Audible alerts are optional.
For any components with wiring approaching from above like connector L in the illustration, make sure to
provide a drip loop to help prevent unnecessary water intrusion.
Ensure no connectors are mounted vertically. Horizontal mounting or connecting from below is best.
Use mounting clips to avoid abrasion or impingement of the harness against:
• Sharp surfaces.
• Moving parts.
• Radiant heat sources.
• Avoid routing harness directly beneath fluid fills and serviceable items (oil filters etc.).
• Provide strain relief using mounting clips behind each connection.
• Troubleshooting for electromagnetic noise problems:
• By default twist only circuits shown on schematic. If electromagnetic noise proves to be a problem
on other circuits, twisting them may help.
• Route power and ground inputs to DCU in separate bundles from other wires.
• Also, route circuits for heating (lines and supply module) in their own bundle (separate from sensors).
• Avoid other high current and high intensity lines from other harnesses.
Ensure mating terminals are using the same plating (tin to tin, gold to gold, etc.).
Additionally both thermistors employ keying, which physically prevents any erroneous or backwards installation
of the sensors to the temperature junction connectors. For improved robustness, the vehicle harness should be
designed to prevent the possibility of reversing these sensor connections. Thermistors are supplied with the
Exhaust Gas Pipe (EGP).
Please refer to AEB 15.92 / 15.100 - CM2220 Electronic Subsystem Technical Package, which details
connector and wiring requirements for the SCR system
The NOx sensor monitors emissions of Nitrogen Oxides exiting the SCR. The NOx sensor communicates with
the ECM via public, J1939 datalink. This connection occurs at the NOx ECU. The J1939 connectors and wiring
are shown in Figure 5. The maximum lead length allowed between the sensor and ECU is 608 mm for both 12
V and 24 V systems.
All NOx sensor communication has moved to the Engine / Aftertreatment Communication Network. For
specific wiring requirements please reference AEB 15.92, CM2220 Electronic Subsystem OEM Interfaces.
Battery ( – )
The purpose of the SCR End-of-Line (EOL) test is to ensure the SCR components have been correctly
installed in the vehicle. The test covers J1939 communications, sensor connectivity and Diesel Exhaust
Fluid (DEF) doser functionality. This built-in test mode has been implemented in the ECM software and is
initiated at first key switch ON and engine start.
The quantity of Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) in the vehicle DEF tank must be at least above the
initial DEF low level warning. It is recommended to fill the tank just above the initial DEF low level
warning as DEF degrades over time and vehicle lead time from build to sale must be considered.
Engine must be installed and ready to run.
Vehicle Batteries must be installed and connected.
Entire SCR system must be connected properly including DEF tank, Supply Module, Dosing
Module, Dosing Control Unit, DEF Supply line, DEF Throttle line, DEF Pressure line, Coolant lines
and electrical connections.
Vehicle is stationary/stopped (0 mph Vehicle speed and 0 rpm Engine speed)
This feature is common disabled and will be only available with a VPC Request (Value Package Change).
This feature is intended to detect a several communication/connection issues still on the OEM production
line - this is a test check between a checking tool and the CES components.
IMPORTANT: This feature only detects after treatment failures and fault codes.
EOL Flowchart
Not all after treatment FC can be diagnosed on the use of the EOL, due to its time of diagnose or its
nature, e.g. FC 2772 and 2773 do not appear immediately on the occurrence of the NOx exceedance, so
for all FC (Fault Codes) please ask for the Application Engineer the following AEBs:
APPENDIX
Notes:
1. Heated line connectors to be defined by OEM.
2. Tank heating valve connectors to be defined by OEM.
3. Tank level and temperature sensor connector to be confirmed with OEM choice of sensor.
Figure 6 – Electrical Schematic for Dosing System used in SCR system (Passive Level Sensor)
Notes:
1. Heated line connectors to be defined by OEM.
2. Tank heating valve connectors to be defined by OEM.
3. Tank level and temperature sensor connector to be confirmed with OEM choice of sensor.
Figure 7 – Electrical Schematic for Dosing System used in SCR system (Active Level Sensor)
Reference Tables
* Active only during purging standby phase and actual purging cycle.
Supply voltage
Minimum supply voltage (ECM) 9 V (12 V), 14 V (24 V)
Minimum supply voltage (Sensor Heater) 12 V (12 V)
Standard supply voltage 13.5 V (12 V), 28.5 V (24 V)
Maximum supply voltage (Sensor Heater) 16 V (12 V)
Supply current
Normal Supply Current <1.5 A (12 V), 0.6 A (24 V)
Peak Supply Current (at switch on) 16 A (12 V), 12 A (24 V)
Maximum supply power 20 W (12 V and 24 V)
*The NOx sensor is protected against reverse battery voltage on supply pins 1 and 4
Nox Sensor
Minimum ambient temperature of NOx ECU -40 °C
Maximum ambient temperature of NOx ECU 105 °C
Minimum storage temperature w/o powering -40 °C
Maximum storage temperature w/o powering 120 °C
Maximum exhaust gas temperature (sensor) 800 °C
Minimum sensor connector temperature -40 °C
Maximum sensor connector temperature 100 °C
Minimum wire temperature -40 °C
Maximum wire temperature 200 °C
SCR Thermistors
Minimum wiring harness connector temp. -40 °C
Maximum wiring harness connector temp. 100 °C
Maximum temperature for thermistor junction box 248 °C
Delta Pressure junction box 220 °C
* Only one set of MLK 1.2 terminals is required. Either part number can be used.
CHANGE LOG
Initial Release
18/03/09 G. Bassi