High Voltage, Ship’s electrical networks

Kabuuang puntos 7/32

Which one of the following best describes the main reason why ships with 0/1
high voltage electrical networks do not usually have a floating neutral
system?

• High voltage networks on ships just copy shore practice

• It is essential to use earth leakage circuit breakers on high voltage supplies

• It tends to produce voltage stresses on the system cables

• High voltage equipment is not designed for floating neutral systems

Tamang sagot

• It tends to produce voltage stresses on the system cables

Which one of the following best describes why many modern ships are 0/1
fitted with a computerised Power Management System (PMS)?

• It can reduce crew workload and allow more precise control of the network

• A PMS must be fitted where ships have 3 or more generators

• SOLAS requires ships with electrical main propulsion have a PMS fitted

• A PMS has been a requirement of SOLAS since 1995 for ships over 1,600 GT

Tamang sagot

• It can reduce crew workload and allow more precise control of the network
 Which one of the following best describes why it is preferable to use 0/1
electromagnets when constructing an electrical generator, rather than
permanent magnets?

• The electromagnets are bigger and therefore more robust

• We can control the amount of flux that electromagnets produce

• We need conductors around the magnets to carry the generator output

• The electromagnets are easier to shape

Tamang sagot

• We can control the amount of flux that electromagnets produce

Which one of the following best describes why the overall system power 0/1
factors tends to change while operating electrical generators on a ship?

• It increases as the generator load approaches 100% of capacity

• It decreases as the generator load approaches 100% of capacity

• It varies if the ship hits bad weather and pitches heavily

• It is the sum of the power factors of all the individual loads and these may vary

Tamang sagot

• It is the sum of the power factors of all the individual loads and these may vary

When a conductor is moved through a magnetic field an EMF is produced. 0/1

Which one of the following is a way to increase the value of EMF
produced?

• Move the conductor in circles

• Change the conductor for one with a lower resistance

• Change the conductor for one with a lower resistivity

• Move the conductor more quickly

Tamang sagot

• Move the conductor more quickly

 The kilowatt load on the ship’s only running generator is steady but the 0/1
power factor meter shows a fall from 0.9to 0.75. Which one of the
following best describes the risk that this change in power factor poses for
the ship’s electrical network?

• The decrease in reactive power could cause supply cables to get hotter

• The fuel consumption of the generator will be increased and the fuel could run out
before arrival in port

• The increase in apparent power may cause an overcurrent trip to operate

• The galley stove might burn out

Tamang sagot

• The increase in apparent power may cause an overcurrent trip to operate

Which one of the following describes when the under voltage trip in the 0/1
starter panel of an electric motor is most likely to operate?

• During an electrical black out

• As the motor is started

• If the motor becomes seized

• After a large electrical load is started nearby in the network

Tamang sagot

• During an electrical black out

Which one of the following best describes the main consideration when a 0/1
designer selects the voltage level for a particular area of a ship’s electrical
network?

• The maximum voltage level available from a ship’s generator

• The minimum voltage level available from a ship’s generator

• The maximum voltage level that the equipment can withstand

• The frequency of that area of the network

Tamang sagot

• The maximum voltage level that the equipment can withstand

 Which one of the following best describes the main purpose of fitting 0/1
under voltage protection to an electrical generator’s circuit breaker?

• It prevents the synchronisation of 2 generators with different output voltages

• It prevents overcurrents being taken from a generator due to low voltage

• It corrects the output voltage of a generator after a heavy load has started

• It prevents the connection of a ‘dead’ generator to a ‘live’ switchboard

Tamang sagot

• It prevents the connection of a ‘dead’ generator to a ‘live’ switchboard

Which one of the following best describes the main purpose of fitting 0/1
reverse power protection to an electrical generator’s circuit breaker?

• To prevent the generator driving the prime mover

• To prevent the generator circuit breaker being closed if the generator output
cables are incorrectly connected

• To prevent circulating currents between 2 or more generators

• To prevent the generator being run backwards

Tamang sagot

• To prevent the generator driving the prime mover

Which of the following best describes why the risk of serious electric shock is
higher onboard ships than it is a shore?

• Ships tend to use an insulated neutral distribution system

• Voltages used on ships are higher than those used ashore

• The large amount of metal can provide a low resistance path to earth

• A ship’s crew are not as well trained as people ashore

Tamang sagot

• The large amount of metal can provide a low resistance path to earth
 Which one of the following describes where a ‘bus tie’ might be found on a 0/1
ship with a high electrical power demand?

• In any starter panel which is subject to high vibration

• In any distribution board which is subject to high vibration

• In the main switchboard near the ends of the busbars

• In the main switchboard near the centre of the busbars

Tamang sagot

• In the main switchboard near the centre of the busbars

Which one of the following best describes the meaning of ‘discrimination’ 0/1
when applied to electrical distributionsystems on ships?

• Colour coding is used to ‘discriminate’ between cables made with PVC and those
of other materials

• Colour coding is used to ‘discriminate’ between cables with flame retardancy

and those without

• Protection devices are to ‘discriminate’ between high voltage circuits and low
voltage circuits, shutting off only the low voltage circuits

• Protection devices are to ‘discriminate’ between healthy circuits and circuits with
faults, shutting off only the faulty circuits

Tamang sagot

• Protection devices are to ‘discriminate’ between healthy circuits and circuits with
faults, shutting off only the faulty circuits

If the earth lamps on your ship looked as shown which of the following 0/1
would you assume was the most likely problem?

• An earth fault on phase ‘R’

• An earth fault on phase ‘T’

• A faulty lamp on phase ‘S’

• An earth fault on phase ‘S’

Tamang sagot

• An earth fault on phase ‘S’

 Which one of the following best describes the primary function of a ship’s 0/1
electrical distribution system?

• To ensure that the voltage, current and frequency are always the same at any
point in the system

• To ensure that at any point in the system there is always some electricity available

• To ensure that at any given point in the system there is always a voltage present

• To ensure that at any given point in the system the voltage and frequency are of
almost rated value

Tamang sagot

• To ensure that at any given point in the system the voltage and frequency are of
almost rated value

Which one of the following best describes the general principle used when 1/1
a designer is deciding the positions of automatic disconnection devices
within a ship’s electrical network?

• The higher parts of the network ‘tree’ must be protected against a fault on the
lower ‘branches’

• Every cable must be protected at the point where power is supplied to it

• Every load must be protected at the point where power is supplied to it

• The lower ‘branches’ of the network ‘tree’ must be protected against a fault on the
higher parts

On the main switchboard cabinet for each generator there are normally 0/1
instruments fitted. Which one of the following best describes the purpose
of the 4 position switch often found beneath the generator voltmeter?

• It is to allow one meter to read the voltage of 2 different generators

• It is to turn off the meter as it is not rated for continuous use

• It is to check the balance of voltage between the generator’s phases

• It is to allow one meter to read the voltage of 4 different generators

Tamang sagot

• It is to check the balance of voltage between the generator’s phases

 When talking about electrical power generation on ships we often refer to 1/1
the ‘prime mover’. Which one of the following best describes a ‘prime
mover’?

• The device where the energy is first converted to mechanical energy

• The pump that supplies fuel during the starting of a generator after a total
blackout

• The rotor of the main generator

• The rotor of the exciter for the main generator

Which of the following best describes why earth faults are a common 0/1
problem on ships’ electrical networks?

• They are not common as ships are not connected to earth except when in port

• Due to the steel structure, the vibration and the wet conditions

• Due to poor crew training

• Due to poor maintenance procedures

Tamang sagot

• Due to the steel structure, the vibration and the wet conditions

Earth leakage circuit breakers are commonly used ashore to protect people 0/1
from earth faults. Which of the following best describes why earth leakage
circuit breakers have not been commonly used on ships’ electrical
networks in the past?

• Earth leakage circuit breakers are expensive

• Continuity of supply is preferred

• Earth leakage circuit breakers do not work on insulated neutral network

• Earth leakage circuit breakers are not reliable

Tamang sagot

• Continuity of supply is preferred

 Which one of the following best describes why the overall system power
factor is important when operating electrical generators on a ship?

• The overall system power factor cannot safely exceed 0.95

• It determines the fuel consumption of generators

• It determines the kilowatt load on the generators

• It determines the total current that the generators must produce for a given active
power

Tamang sagot

• It determines the total current that the generators must produce for a given active
power

Which one of the following best describes why the frequencies of 3 phase 0/1
electrical generators being connected together must be ‘in phase’?

• So that the firing of No. 1 cylinders on each driving diesel engine coincide

• So that the frequency peaks coincid

• So that the current peaks coincide

• So that the output voltage peaks coincide

Tamang sagot

• So that the output voltage peaks coincide

High voltage ships tend to use earthed neutral electrical networks. Which 0/1
one of the following best describes how excessive fault currents are
prevented in the event of an earth fault on these ships?

• The risk of earth faults is reduced by extra planned maintenance

• An impedance is placed in each output cable from the generators

• An impedance is placed in the neutral earthing line

• Earth leakage circuit breakers are used on every circuit

Tamang sagot

• An impedance is placed in the neutral earthing line

 Which one of the following best describes why physical forces can be 0/1
created from the interaction of 2 magnets?

• The magnets move because of an electrical charge stored within them

• The magnets move to make the lines of magnetic flux as short as possible

• The magnets move if the lines of magnetic flux are forced to cross

• The magnets move to even out the flux density

Tamang sagot

• The magnets move to make the lines of magnetic flux as short as possible

Which one of the following best describes why most ships have 3 or more 1/1
generators which can provide electrical power?

• SOLAS requires at least 3 generators to be provided

It provides greater reliability of supply and allows more efficient operation

• Three smaller generators are usually cheaper than 2 large ones

• Three generators allows better balance of the ship and reduced permanent list

Even on a large passenger ship which generates electricity at 6,000 Volts 0/1
lighting is normally supplied at voltages of 220 Volts or less. Which one of
the following best describes why lighting is not supplied at a higher
voltage?•

• High voltage lights have an annoying flicker

• Electrical loads for lighting are low enough to allow lower voltages to be used
without excessive cable losses

• Light fittings are not available for electrical supplies over 220 Volts

• Lighting switches are operated by people with no electrical training

Tamang sagot

• Electrical loads for lighting are low enough to allow lower voltages to be used
without excessive cable losses
 Which one of the following best describes why we do not normally run 1/1
generators that are supplying the ship’s main switchboard at their
maximum continuous output where their fuel efficiency is usually best?

• There needs to be enough reserve capacity in the generating system to deal

with unexpected load increases

• Starting and stopping an extra generator to supply short term increases in load
uses more fuel than running it all the time

• The generators on ships are rarely able to run at maximum continuous output
without breaking down

• Fuel efficiency of generators is unimportant compared to that of the main engine

Which one of the following best describes why few merchant ships have 0/1
been fitted with nuclear electrical power generation despite the increasing
price of oil fuels?

• Nuclear ships do not contain high value materials and fetch a low price when
scrapped

• The generation plant is quite big and very costly

• Nuclear ships need regular supplies of fuel which is hard to obtain in some
countries

• Nuclear powered ships find it hard to meet SOLAS requirements

Tamang sagot

• The generation plant is quite big and very costly

Which one of the following options best describes why each feed normally 1/1
leaves the section boards in a ship’s electrical network via some form of
isolation?

• To allow motors to be stopped remotely

• To allow for maintenance on the circuit

• To protect against slow overloads

• To allow lights to be switched off remotely

 Which one of the following best describes why many electrical 1/1
transformers are not fitted with overcurrent protection on the secondary
circuit output?

• The output from the secondary circuit is fixed in relation to the input to the
transformer so it is protected by the overcurrent trip on the supply

• The output from the secondary circuit is limited by the impedance of the coil

• No overcurrent protection on the secondary circuit output is used when the output
is taken from more than one voltage tapping

• The output from the secondary circuit is limited by the magnetic inertia of the
transformer core

Which one of the following options best describes why controlling the 1/1
electrical network on a ship can be more challenging than controlling a
larger network ashore?

• Ships’ electrical networks are more complex than a network ashore

• Ships’ electrical networks are subject to proportionately larger variations in

load demand

• Ships’ electrical networks are subject to the movement of the ship

• Ships’ electrical networks use more different voltages than a typical network
ashore

Which one of the following best describes the fundamental difference in 0/1
the typical construction of a single phase generator and a 3 phase
electrical generator?

• A three phase generator has 2 more pairs of rotor coils than a single phase
generator

• A three phase generator has 2 more rotors than a single phase generator

• A three phase generator has a commutator and a single phase generator does not

• A three phase generator has 2 more pairs of stator coils spaced 120 degrees
apart than a single phase generator

Tamang sagot

• A three phase generator has 2 more pairs of stator coils spaced 120 degrees apart
than a single phase generator
 Which one of the following best describes the need for cooling of 3 phase 0/1
electrical transformers?

• They need cooling due to the magnetic interaction between the 3 coils

• They need cooling due to their internal iron and copper losses

• They need cooling due to their moving parts

• They only need cooling when the ambient temperatures go above 50°C

Tamang sagot

• They need cooling due to their internal iron and copper losses

Which of the following best describes what the result would be if earth 0/1
faults occurred on 2 different phases of a ship’s 3 phase distribution
system at the same time?

• A long circuit

• Two earth faults cannot occur at the same time

• A short circuit

• Two earth fault alarms sound

Tamang sagot

• A short circuit

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