BRONCHIECTASIS

A Case Presented by Chelsea Keith Balasabas

 OVERVIEW

Bronchiectasis is a lung condition where your

airways get damaged and widen. Damaged airways
can’t clear mucus like they’re supposed to. Bacteria
then grows in the mucus, causing more inflammation
and damage to your lungs. This makes you cough a
lot as your body tries to remove the infected
mucus.
BRONCHIECTASIS OR BRONCHITIS ??
 TYPES OF BRONCHIECTASIS

1. Cylindrical bronchiectasis is
the most common and least
serious form of
bronchiectasis.
2. Varicose bronchiectasis
3. Cystic bronchiectasis is the
most severe form.
 SIGNS/SYMPTOMS

• Cough with lots of mucus and pus
• Repeated colds
• Bad-smelling mucus
• Shortness of breath
• Wheezing
• Coughing up (hemoptysis)
• Swollen fingertips with curved nails
When your symptoms got worse,
exacerbation symptoms include:
• Extreme tiredness (fatigue)
• Fever, chills
• Increased shortness of breath
• Night sweats
 CAUSES

• Cystic fibrosis
• Mycobacterial infections
• Autoimmune or inflammatory diseases
• Foreign bodies, tumors or lymph nodes that block airways
• HIV/AIDS
• Primary ciliary dyskinesia
• Organ transplant
• Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis
 RISK FACTORS

• Genetic abnormalities
• Immunologic conditions
• Autoimmune diseases
• Underlying deficiencies due to genetic factors
• Airway obstruction
• COPD
• Antitrypsin deficiency
• Young’s syndrome
• Asthma
• Connective tissue diseases
 MEDICAL MANAGEMENT

• Postural drainage – reduces the amount of secretions

and the degree of infection.

• Chest physiotherapy – important in management of

secretions.
 SURGICAL MANAGEMENT

• Segmental resections – diseased segment of the lobe is

removed.
• Lobectomy – diseased lobe is removed.
• Pneumonectomy – entire diseased lung segment is
removed, but this rarely happens.
 NURSING INTERVENTIONS

• Smoking cessation – patient teaching targets smoking and

other factors that increase the production of mucus and hamper
its removal.
• Bronchodilators – administer bronchodilators as prescribed.
• Postural drainage – perform postural drainage with
percussion & vibration in the morning and at night as
prescribed.
• Antibiotics – administer antibiotics as prescribed.
• Activities – encourage alternating activity with rest periods.
THANK YOU FOR LISTENING!