UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW

Degrees of MEng, BEng, MSc and BSc in Engineering

CIVIL ENGINEERING 1 (ENG1061)

15th December 2022
Release time: 09:00AM

Exam Duration: 1 hour to complete exam plus 30 mins to upload submission

Attempt all PARTS

TOTAL MARKS AVAILABLE

60

The numbers in square brackets in the right-hand margin indicate the marks allotted to the
part of the question against which the mark is shown. These marks are for guidance only.
Each question is worth 20 marks.

An electronic calculator may be used. Show intermediate steps in calculations.

Candidates will be issued with:

Worksheet for Q1
Worksheet for Q2

Continued overleaf
Page 1 of 4
Q1 (a) Table Q1. contains the results of a sieve analysis of an aggregate for use in
concrete.

Sieve Mass Retained

[mm] [g]
32 0
16 111.2
8 63.5
4 7.2
2 4.8
1 6.1
0.5 53.0
0.25 45.6
0.125 20.2
Pan 15.9

Table Q1.

(i) Derive the requisite data to enable a grading curve to be plotted.

(ii) Plot the curve on the worksheet provided.

Note: Enter your student number on the worksheet and upload it.

(iii) Comment on the aggregate’s suitability for the intended purpose. State
the properties that make aggregate suitable for concrete manufacturing.

[10]

(b) Sketch the stress-strain curves of a mild and high strength steel. Include all
important annotations. [5]

(c) In the context of timber production, explain the meaning of seasoning. What is
meant by “fibre saturation point”? Name two types of seasoning and explain
how they differ. [5]

Continued overleaf
Page 2 of 4
Q2 (a) The design proportions for a 1 m3 concrete mix with a mean compressive
strength of 30 N/mm2 are as follows:

Cement: 320 kg
Water: 200 kg
Fine Aggregate: 778 kg
Coarse Aggregate: 1206 kg

Trial compression tests resulted in a mean compressive strength of 20 N/mm2.

(ii) Adjust the proportions of the constituents so that the target strength is
obtained according to the BRE design method and workability is maintained.

(iii) Determine the new design proportions for 3.6 m3.

Note: Enter your student number on the worksheet, mark your solution
steps on the worksheet and upload it. [12]

(b) State two common methods of prestressing concrete structures and explain the
sequence of construction for these two methods. State the pros and cons of the
two techniques. State the time-dependent processes which affect the
prestressing of concrete structures [8]

Continued overleaf
Page 3 of 4
Q3 (a) The design proportions for a 1 m3 concrete mix are as follows:

Cement: 480 kg
Water: 220 kg
Fine Aggregate: 854 kg (Saturated Surface Dry)
Coarse Aggregate: 1114 kg (Saturated Surface Dry)

Prior to mixing, moisture content tests performed on each of the aggregates to

be used revealed that the aggregates are in wet state. The moisture contents by
wet mass are:

Fine Aggregate: 8.5 %

Coarse Aggregate: 1.0 %

Determine the masses of the constituents required for a 0.3 m3 mix. [12]

(b) Explain the corrosion process of ferrous metals. Discuss changes in density and
mass of steel transformed into corrosion products and its implication in
applications. State techniques to protect structures from corrosion. [8]

End of question paper

Page 4 of 4